CN113772759A - Efficient purifying material for floating liquid in space capsule and production process thereof - Google Patents
Efficient purifying material for floating liquid in space capsule and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113772759A CN113772759A CN202111086257.XA CN202111086257A CN113772759A CN 113772759 A CN113772759 A CN 113772759A CN 202111086257 A CN202111086257 A CN 202111086257A CN 113772759 A CN113772759 A CN 113772759A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920005551 calcium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].COC1=CC=CC(CC(CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O RYAGRZNBULDMBW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- BRWIZMBXBAOCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazinecarbothioamide Chemical compound NNC(N)=S BRWIZMBXBAOCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3-methyloxirane Chemical compound CC1OC1Cl LRWZZZWJMFNZIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper zinc Chemical compound [Cu].[Zn] TVZPLCNGKSPOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L sodium L-tartrate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O HELHAJAZNSDZJO-OLXYHTOASA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000001433 sodium tartrate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229960002167 sodium tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 235000011004 sodium tartrates Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004753 Schiff bases Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003172 aldehyde group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000013738 Sleep Initiation and Maintenance disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010022437 insomnia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036651 mood Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000653 nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
- C02F1/5245—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents using basic salts, e.g. of aluminium and iron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/29—Chlorine compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/08—Corrosion inhibition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency purifying material for floating liquid in a space capsule and a production process thereof, wherein the purifying material comprises the following raw materials: polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyacrylamide, bentonite, calcium lignosulfonate, basic aluminum chloride, polyethylene glycol 400 and modified filler; the production process of the purification material comprises the following steps: firstly, weighing raw materials, spraying, granulating and pressing for forming; and step two, heat preservation treatment. The floating liquid is treated by multiple filtration sequentially through PP cotton, granular activated carbon UDF and the high-efficiency purification material prepared in the invention, and a more comprehensive purification process is carried out. The high-efficiency purification material added with the modified filler plays a role in sterilization in the purification process, and improves the cleanness degree of the floating liquid. The modified activated carbon is prepared by taking activated carbon as a carrier and loading copper-zinc metal on the activated carbon by an electrodeposition method; the modified filler added with the modified activated carbon improves the removal rate of the residual chlorine by the purification material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of processing material preparation, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency purification material for a floating liquid in a space capsule and a production process thereof.
Background
With the increase of the pace of modern life, more and more people are troubling a great number of people with the symptoms of serious stress, excessive physical and mental load, lack of relaxation, tension, anxiety, dizziness, insomnia and the like to the society, families and work; in response to this problem, experts have suggested that half an hour of non-fulcrum sleep is superior to 8 hours of normal sleep. The physical strength can be rapidly supplemented by deep relaxation of the human body in a fulcrum-free state; in an environment isolated from the outside, high-concentration mineral salt solution is provided as floating liquid to simulate dead sea floating for a user, the whole body can enter deep relaxation when the user is in a floating state, consciousness enters a 'virtual nothing' state and a 'blank' state, and a psychological instructor can perform psychological training and relieving on a trainee through guidance words or specific music, images and the like; the equipment based on the floating therapy is a floating cabin which is also called a space cabin, floating liquid (mineral salt and water) is contained in the space cabin, and the weightless floating state can be experienced in the cabin; the temperature of the floating liquid is the same as the surface temperature of the skin of a human body (about 36.5 ℃), when the floating cabin cover is closed, external light and sound are isolated inside the floating cabin, and the human body is in a relatively dark and quiet environment, so that a nervous system and a brain cannot be interfered by external stimulation, and thus, psychological relaxation can be achieved, the mood is mild, and the body can quickly recover to a calm state; however, the floating liquid generally adopts high-concentration mineral salt solution to simulate dead sea floating for users to achieve physical and mental physical therapy effects, the price of the floating liquid is expensive, and new floating liquid cannot be used for every person, so that the floating liquid needs to be recycled, and the cleanliness of the floating liquid is very important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency purification material for a floating liquid in a space capsule and a production process thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency purification material for a floating liquid in a space capsule comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75-90 parts of polyaluminum ferric chloride, 55-65 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 5-15 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 6-10 parts of basic aluminum chloride, 6-7 parts of polyethylene glycol 400and 10-20 parts of modified filler;
the modified filler is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, mixing modified chitosan and acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 5%, reacting for 7 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, adding modified activated carbon, keeping the temperature unchanged, continuing stirring for 20 minutes, adding glutaraldehyde with the mass fraction of 5%, stirring and reacting for 6 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ after the addition is finished, obtaining mixed solution a, and dropwise adding sodium hydroxide solution with the volume fraction of 5% in the reaction process to control the pH value of the reaction solution to be 8-10; wherein the dosage ratio of the modified chitosan, the acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 5 percent, the modified activated carbon and the glutaraldehyde with the mass fraction of 5 percent is 8 g: 60mL of: 3 g: 60 mL;
secondly, adding thiosemicarbazide into the mixed solution a, heating and stirring for 4 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, decompressing and filtering after the reaction is finished, washing a filter cake with ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 60 ℃ after the washing is finished to obtain a modified filler; wherein the dosage ratio of the mixed solution a to the thiosemicarbazide is 135 mL: 4g of the total weight.
Further, the modified chitosan is prepared by the following steps:
step S11, mixing chitosan and methanol, stirring and mixing for 6h at the temperature of 25 ℃, then dropwise adding a methanol solution of vanillin, heating to 65 ℃ after dropwise adding, stirring and reacting for 12h, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing the obtained filter cake with methanol, and drying at 40 ℃ to constant weight after washing is finished to obtain a solid b; wherein the methanol solution of vanillin is prepared by mixing vanillin and methanol according to the dosage ratio of 9 g: 40mL of the mixture is mixed; the dosage ratio of the chitosan to the methanol to the vanillin is 3 g: 200mL of: 40 mL;
step S12, mixing the solid b and the auxiliary agent, adding isopropanol, adding a sodium hydroxide solution while stirring, carrying out reflux reaction at 70 ℃ for 24 hours, carrying out vacuum filtration after the reaction is finished, washing a filter cake with isopropanol, and drying at 40 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified chitosan, wherein the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2mol/L, and the dosage ratio of the solid b, the auxiliary agent, the isopropanol and the sodium hydroxide solution is 2 g: 6 g: 100mL of: 0.5 mL.
Further, the auxiliary agent is prepared by the following steps:
step S21, mixing lauric acid and xylene, heating to dissolve, then dropwise adding diethylenetriamine, heating to 140 ℃ until water is generated, heating to 240 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, reacting until no water is generated, separating water in the reaction process, cooling to 120 ℃ after the reaction is finished, decompressing and concentrating to remove the solvent, and then recrystallizing with acetone to obtain an intermediate 1; wherein the dosage ratio of the lauric acid to the xylene to the diethylenetriamine is 0.1 mol: 30mL of: 0.11 mol;
the reaction process is as follows:
step S22, under the condition of nitrogen protection, mixing methanol and the intermediate 1, heating, refluxing and stirring, adding epoxy chloropropane while stirring, keeping the temperature unchanged after the addition, continuing to react for 2 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, reducing the temperature, concentrating under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, eluting with anhydrous ether for three times, and then drying in vacuum for 24 hours at 40 ℃ to obtain the auxiliary agent; wherein the dosage ratio of the methanol to the intermediate 1 to the epichlorohydrin is 10 mL: 3 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
The reaction process is as follows:
the modified activated carbon is prepared by the following steps:
step A11, placing the activated carbon in a muffle furnace, heating for 30min at the temperature of 300 ℃, then washing with distilled water until the washing liquid has no obvious black color, and drying at the temperature of 40 ℃ to constant weight after washing to obtain solid powder;
step A22, mixing the zinc-copper mixed solution and the sodium tartrate solution, adding deionized water to prepare electrolyte, adjusting the pH value of the electrolyte to 13 by using 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly spreading the solid powder prepared in the step A11 on a stainless steel net, electrolyzing for 3min by using 12V direct current, taking out the solid powder after the electrolysis is finished, washing for three times by using distilled water, and drying for 30min at the temperature of 300 ℃ to obtain modified activated carbon; wherein the molar ratio of zinc to copper in the zinc-copper mixed solution is 1: 1, wherein the concentration of copper is 30 g/L; the concentration of the sodium tartrate solution is 150 g/L; the volume ratio of the zinc-copper mixed solution to the sodium tartrate solution to the deionized water is 1: 1: 3.
a production process of a high-efficiency purification material for a floating liquid in a space capsule comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyacrylamide, bentonite, calcium lignosulfonate, basic aluminum chloride and modified filler in parts by weight, uniformly mixing the materials by adopting a wet ball milling method, heating the mixture to 170 ℃ under a vacuum condition, adding polyethylene glycol 400, carrying out spray granulation, and carrying out compression molding;
and secondly, preserving the heat for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 500-550 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the high-efficiency purifying material for the floating liquid in the space capsule.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the floating liquid is treated by sequentially carrying out multiple filtration treatment on PP cotton, granular activated carbon UDF and the efficient purification material prepared in the invention, wherein the PP cotton is used for filtering to remove large particles such as rust, sand and stone and impurities, and filtering the granules in the floating liquid to 1 micron, and the granular activated carbon UDF has a porous structure, integrates adsorption, filtration, interception and catalysis, can effectively remove organic matters and other radioactive substances in the floating liquid, has the effects of decoloring and deodorizing, and is combined with the efficient purification material prepared in the invention to carry out a more comprehensive purification process.
The raw materials of the high-efficiency purification material contain modified filler; the modified filler is prepared by swelling modified chitosan under acidic condition to make unreacted-NH on the modified chitosan2to-NH3 +Adding modified active carbon for compounding, adding glutaraldehyde for crosslinking to obtain a solution a, then adding thiosemicarbazide, and reacting the thiosemicarbazide with aldehyde groups on the crosslinked glutaraldehyde to obtain the modified fillerAnd (5) feeding. In the process of preparing the modified chitosan, amino groups of the chitosan react with aldehyde groups of vanillin to generate a solid b containing a Schiff base structure, the solid b contains a hydroxyl structure on the vanillin, so that the solid b reacts with epoxy groups on the auxiliary agent, and the auxiliary agent containing a quaternary ammonium salt structure is introduced; the modified chitosan contains Schiff base structure with corrosion inhibition effect, so that the modified filler has certain corrosion inhibition effect, the corrosion of the high-efficiency purification material prepared by the method to a metal carrier or a metal filter in the purification process is reduced, the quaternary ammonium salt structure is introduced into the modified chitosan, so that the modified chitosan contains long-chain alkyl and quaternary ammonium salt structure, wherein the quaternary ammonium salt structure can perform cationization reaction with oxygen-containing groups on the surface of the modified activated carbon, the quaternary ammonium salt groups are prevented from falling off in the purification process, the antibacterial property of the modified filler is improved, the high-efficiency purification material added with the modified filler has a sterilization effect in the purification process, and the cleanliness of the floating liquid is improved. The modified activated carbon is prepared by taking activated carbon as a carrier, loading copper-zinc metal on the activated carbon by an electrodeposition method, and removing residual chlorine in water; the modified filler added with the modified activated carbon improves the removal rate of the residual chlorine by the purification material.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Preparing an auxiliary agent:
step S21, mixing lauric acid and xylene, heating to dissolve, then dropwise adding diethylenetriamine, heating to 140 ℃ until water is generated, heating to 240 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min until no water is separated, after the reaction is finished, cooling to 120 ℃, decompressing and concentrating to remove the solvent, and then recrystallizing with acetone to obtain an intermediate 1;
and step S22, under the condition of nitrogen protection, mixing methanol and the intermediate 1, heating, refluxing and stirring, adding epoxy chloropropane while stirring, keeping the temperature unchanged after the addition, continuing to react for 2 hours, cooling to room temperature after the reaction is finished, reducing the temperature to remove the solvent by concentration under reduced pressure, eluting for three times by using anhydrous ether, and then drying for 24 hours in vacuum at 40 ℃ to obtain the auxiliary agent.
Wherein, the dosage ratio of the lauric acid, the xylene and the diethylenetriamine in the step S21 is 0.1 mol: 30mL of: 0.11 mol; in the step S22, the using amount ratio of the methanol to the intermediate 1 to the epichlorohydrin is 10 mL: 3 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
Example 2
Preparing modified activated carbon:
step A11, placing the activated carbon in a muffle furnace, heating for 30min at the temperature of 300 ℃, then washing with distilled water until the washing liquid has no obvious black color, and drying at the temperature of 40 ℃ to constant weight after washing to obtain solid powder;
step A22, mixing the zinc-copper mixed solution and the sodium tartrate solution, adding deionized water to prepare electrolyte, adjusting the pH value of the electrolyte to 13 by using 1mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, uniformly spreading the solid powder prepared in the step A11 on a stainless steel net, electrolyzing for 3min by using 12V direct current, taking out the solid powder after the electrolysis is finished, washing for three times by using distilled water, and drying for 30min at the temperature of 300 ℃ to obtain modified activated carbon; wherein the molar ratio of zinc to copper in the zinc-copper mixed solution is 1: 1, wherein the concentration of copper is 30 g/L; the concentration of the sodium tartrate solution is 150 g/L; the volume ratio of the zinc-copper mixed solution to the sodium tartrate solution to the deionized water is 1: 1: 3.
example 3
Preparing modified chitosan:
step S11, mixing chitosan and methanol, stirring and mixing for 6h at the temperature of 25 ℃, then dropwise adding a methanol solution of vanillin, heating to 65 ℃ after dropwise adding, stirring and reacting for 12h, filtering after the reaction is finished, washing the obtained filter cake with methanol, and drying at 40 ℃ to constant weight after washing is finished to obtain a solid b;
and step S12, mixing the solid b and an auxiliary agent, adding isopropanol, adding a sodium hydroxide solution while stirring, carrying out reflux reaction for 24 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, carrying out vacuum filtration after the reaction is finished, washing a filter cake with the isopropanol, and drying at the temperature of 40 ℃ to constant weight to obtain the modified chitosan.
Wherein the methanol solution of vanillin in the step S11 is prepared by mixing vanillin and methanol according to the ratio of 9 g: 40mL of the mixture is mixed; the dosage ratio of the chitosan to the methanol to the vanillin is 3 g: 200mL of: 40 mL; in the step S12, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2mol/L, and the dosage ratio of the solid b, the auxiliary agent, the isopropanol and the sodium hydroxide solution is 2 g: 6 g: 100mL of: 0.5 mL; the adjuvant was prepared as in example 1.
Example 4
The modified filler is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, mixing modified chitosan and acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 5%, reacting for 7 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, adding modified activated carbon, keeping the temperature unchanged, continuing stirring for 20 minutes, adding glutaraldehyde with the mass fraction of 5%, stirring and reacting for 6 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ after the addition is finished, obtaining mixed solution a, and dropwise adding sodium hydroxide solution with the volume fraction of 5% in the reaction process to control the pH value of the reaction solution to be 9;
and secondly, adding thiosemicarbazide into the mixed solution a, heating and stirring for 4 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, decompressing and filtering after the reaction is finished, washing a filter cake with ethanol and distilled water in sequence, and drying to constant weight at the temperature of 60 ℃ after the washing is finished to obtain the modified filler.
Wherein the dosage ratio of the modified chitosan, the acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 5 percent, the modified activated carbon and the glutaraldehyde with the mass fraction of 5 percent is 8 g: 60mL of: 3 g: 60 mL; the dosage ratio of the mixed solution a to the thiosemicarbazide is 135 mL: 4g of the total weight of the mixture; modified activated carbon was prepared as in example 2; the modified chitosan was prepared as in example 3.
Example 5
A production process of a high-efficiency purification material for a floating liquid in a space capsule comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyacrylamide, bentonite, calcium lignosulfonate, basic aluminum chloride and modified filler in parts by weight, uniformly mixing the materials by adopting a wet ball milling method, heating the mixture to 170 ℃ under a vacuum condition, adding polyethylene glycol 400, carrying out spray granulation, and carrying out compression molding;
and secondly, preserving the heat for 2 hours at 500 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the high-efficiency purifying material for the floating liquid in the space capsule.
Wherein, the weight parts of the substances are 75 parts of polyaluminum ferric chloride, 55 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of bentonite, 5 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 6 parts of basic aluminum chloride, 6 parts of polyethylene glycol 4006 and 10 parts of modified filler; the modified filler was prepared as in example 4.
Example 6
A production process of a high-efficiency purification material for a floating liquid in a space capsule comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyacrylamide, bentonite, calcium lignosulfonate, basic aluminum chloride and modified filler in parts by weight, uniformly mixing the materials by adopting a wet ball milling method, heating the mixture to 170 ℃ under a vacuum condition, adding polyethylene glycol 400, carrying out spray granulation, and carrying out compression molding;
and secondly, preserving the heat for 2.5 hours at 525 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the high-efficiency purifying material for the floating liquid in the space capsule.
Wherein the weight parts of the components are 80 parts of polyaluminum ferric chloride, 60 parts of polyacrylamide, 15 parts of bentonite, 10 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 8 parts of basic aluminum chloride, 4006.5 parts of polyethylene glycol and 15 parts of modified filler; the modified filler was prepared as in example 4.
Example 7
A production process of a high-efficiency purification material for a floating liquid in a space capsule comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyacrylamide, bentonite, calcium lignosulfonate, basic aluminum chloride and modified filler in parts by weight, uniformly mixing the materials by adopting a wet ball milling method, heating the mixture to 170 ℃ under a vacuum condition, adding polyethylene glycol 400, carrying out spray granulation, and carrying out compression molding;
and secondly, preserving the heat for 3 hours at 550 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the high-efficiency purifying material for the floating liquid of the space capsule.
Wherein the weight parts of the components are 90 parts of polyaluminum ferric chloride, 65 parts of polyacrylamide, 20 parts of bentonite, 15 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 10 parts of basic aluminum chloride, 7 parts of polyethylene glycol 4007 and 20 parts of modified filler; the modified filler was prepared as in example 4.
Comparative example 1
The modified chitosan in example 4 was replaced with unmodified chitosan, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process remained the same.
Comparative example 2
The modified activated carbon from example 4 was replaced by unmodified activated carbon, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process were kept unchanged.
Comparative example 3
The modified filler of example 8 was not added, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process remained unchanged.
Comparative example 4
The modified filler of example 8 was replaced with the sample prepared in comparative example 1, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process were maintained.
Comparative example 5
The modified filler of example 8 was replaced with the sample prepared in comparative example 2, and the remaining raw materials and preparation process were maintained.
The samples obtained in examples 5 to 7 and comparative examples 3 to 5 were tested at a feed water residual chlorine concentration of 0.6 mg/L; the samples prepared in examples 5 to 7 and comparative examples 3 to 5 were tested for residual chlorine in the effluent after purification at a feed rate of 36L/h;
taking the initial bacterial liquid with the concentration of 105And (3) carrying out sterilization detection on the CFU/mL water sample, determining the sterilization rate of the water sample, and calculating the sterilization rate by using a flat plate counting method, wherein the specific method refers to GB 4789.2-94.
The test results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
| Item | Example 5 | Example 6 | Example 7 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 |
| Residual chlorine in effluent/(mg/L) | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.35 | 0.18 | 0.30 |
| Sterilization rate/(%) | 98.7 | 98.9 | 98.9 | 65.3 | 83.6 | 93.8 |
From the above table 1, it can be seen that the purification material prepared by the present invention has high removal rate of residual chlorine and excellent sterilization effect.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The high-efficiency purification material for the floating liquid in the space capsule is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
75-90 parts of polyaluminum ferric chloride, 55-65 parts of polyacrylamide, 10-20 parts of bentonite, 5-15 parts of calcium lignosulfonate, 6-10 parts of basic aluminum chloride, 6-7 parts of polyethylene glycol 400and 10-20 parts of modified filler;
the modified filler is prepared by the following steps:
firstly, mixing modified chitosan and acetic acid solution with the mass fraction of 5%, reacting for 7 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, adding modified activated carbon, keeping the temperature unchanged, continuing stirring for 20 minutes, adding glutaraldehyde with the mass fraction of 5%, and stirring for reacting for 4-7 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ after the addition is finished to obtain mixed solution a;
and secondly, adding thiosemicarbazide into the mixed solution a, and heating and stirring for 4 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain the modified filler.
2. The high-efficiency purification material for the floating liquid in the space capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the modified chitosan, the 5% by mass of acetic acid solution, the modified activated carbon and the 5% by mass of glutaraldehyde is 8 g: 60mL of: 3 g: 60 mL; the dosage ratio of the mixed solution a to the thiosemicarbazide is 135 mL: 4g of the total weight.
3. The high-efficiency purification material for the floating liquid in the space capsule as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modified chitosan is prepared by the following steps:
step S11, mixing chitosan and methanol, stirring and mixing for 6h at the temperature of 25 ℃, then dropwise adding a methanol solution of vanillin, heating to 65 ℃ after dropwise adding, and stirring and reacting for 12h to obtain a solid b;
and step S12, mixing the solid b and an auxiliary agent, adding isopropanol, adding a sodium hydroxide solution while stirring, and carrying out reflux reaction for 24 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain the modified chitosan.
4. The efficient purifying material for floating liquid in space capsule as claimed in claim 3, wherein the methanol solution of vanillin in step S11 is vanillin and methanol in a dosage ratio of 9 g: 40mL of the mixture is mixed; the dosage ratio of the chitosan to the methanol to the vanillin is 3 g: 200mL of: 40 mL; in the step S12, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 2mol/L, and the dosage ratio of the solid b, the auxiliary agent, the isopropanol and the sodium hydroxide solution is 2 g: 6 g: 100mL of: 0.5 mL.
5. A high efficiency purification material for floating liquid in space capsule as claimed in claim 3, wherein the auxiliary agent is prepared by the following steps:
step S21, mixing lauric acid and xylene, heating to dissolve, then dropwise adding diethylenetriamine, heating to 140 ℃ until water is generated, heating to 240 ℃ at a speed of 5 ℃/min, and reacting until no water is generated, so as to obtain an intermediate 1;
and step S22, under the protection of nitrogen, mixing methanol and the intermediate 1, heating, refluxing and stirring, adding epoxy chloropropane while stirring, keeping the temperature unchanged after the addition, and continuing to react for 2 hours to obtain the auxiliary agent.
6. The high-efficiency purifying material for the floating liquid in the space capsule as claimed in claim 5, wherein the ratio of the amount of the lauric acid, the xylene and the diethylenetriamine in the step S21 is 0.1 mol: 30mL of: 0.11 mol; in the step S22, the using amount ratio of the methanol to the intermediate 1 to the epichlorohydrin is 10 mL: 3 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
7. The process for producing a high efficiency purifying material for floating liquid in space capsule as claimed in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
firstly, weighing polyaluminum ferric chloride, polyacrylamide, bentonite, calcium lignosulfonate, basic aluminum chloride and modified filler in parts by weight, uniformly mixing the materials by adopting a wet ball milling method, heating the mixture to 170 ℃ under a vacuum condition, adding polyethylene glycol 400, carrying out spray granulation, and carrying out compression molding;
and secondly, preserving the heat for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 500-550 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the high-efficiency purifying material for the floating liquid in the space capsule.
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