CN110127693A - The application of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell and activated carbon from activated sludge and preparation method - Google Patents
The application of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell and activated carbon from activated sludge and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110127693A CN110127693A CN201910483960.0A CN201910483960A CN110127693A CN 110127693 A CN110127693 A CN 110127693A CN 201910483960 A CN201910483960 A CN 201910483960A CN 110127693 A CN110127693 A CN 110127693A
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- shell
- flaxseed
- moringa seeds
- activated carbon
- activated sludge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/318—Preparation characterised by the starting materials
- C01B32/324—Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/342—Preparation characterised by non-gaseous activating agents
- C01B32/348—Metallic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
- B01J2220/4825—Polysaccharides or cellulose materials, e.g. starch, chitin, sawdust, wood, straw, cotton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell secondary use technical fields, and in particular to the application of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell and activated carbon from activated sludge and preparation method.A kind of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, are prepared by the following method: (1) taking moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell to clean, drying, crush, shell powder is made in screening；(2) shell powder is uniformly mixed with potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, is subsequently placed in the activation of Muffle furnace high temperature；(3) cooling is taken out, is washed till neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid and distillation, drying, grinding, screening obtain activated carbon from activated sludge.The present invention solves the problems, such as that moringa seeds shell in the prior art or flaxseed shell are seriously polluted without further development and utilization and copper ion.The present invention had both imparted the advantage that activated carbon from activated sludge is from a wealth of sources, cheap, while no pollution to the environment, also promoted the recycling of agricultural wastes, more promote the purification of industrial wastewater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell secondary use technical fields, and in particular to a kind of moringa seeds shell or Hu
The application of numb seed shell and activated carbon from activated sludge and preparation method.
Background technique
Moringa is Moringaceae, belongs to perennial tropical deciduous tree.Leaf of Moringa, seed, bark, moringa root etc. are folk traditions
Drug for health care and treats a variety of diseases, and therefore, Moringa is referred to as " tree of miracle ".Flax belongs to flax family (Linaceae) linum, and one
Year raw herbaceous plant.Moringa seeds shell, flaxseed shell are agricultural by-products, and application common at present is in animal feed
Fertilizer is used as after additive, or burning, there is no to its further development and utilization.
Copper is widely used in industry, and modern industry rapid development generates a large amount of waste water, includes a variety of toxic heavy metals.
Wherein copper ion water pollution has become a problem in the urgent need to address.The main source of copper is metal in industrial wastewater
Cleaning, chemistry manufacture, mining, smithcraft pickling and electroplate liquid, the technical process such as chemical plating fluid.Research shows that copper ion pollutes
Water body can enter in plant and fruit, human body Excess free enthalpy copper ion can cause liver, cerebral injury, nervous centralis impaired, depression,
A variety of human body diseases such as lung cancer.Therefore, the technical method that exploitation can quickly and effectively remove copper ions in sewage becomes current
The research hotspot of sewage industrial development.
Summary of the invention
Present invention is generally directed to moringa seeds shells in the prior art or flaxseed shell without further development and utilization and copper ion
Seriously polluted problem provides the application and activated carbon from activated sludge preparation method of a kind of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell.
The technical solution that the present invention takes in order to solve the above problem are as follows:
The application of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell, moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell are given birth to after inert atmosphere high-temperature activation
Species activity charcoal, for adsorbing the Cu2+ in waste water.
Moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, are prepared by the following method:
(1) moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell is taken to clean, drying, crush, shell powder is made in screening；
(2) shell powder is uniformly mixed with potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, is subsequently placed in the activation of inert atmosphere high temperature；
(3) cooling is taken out, is washed to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid and distillation, drying, grinding, screening obtain activated carbon from activated sludge.
Preferably, shell powder is 20-200 mesh in step (1) of the present invention.
Preferably, the method that step (2) shell powder of the present invention is uniformly mixed with potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide include with
Lower two kinds, one is using shell powder and potassium hydroxide or sodium hydrate solid physical mixed, another kind is using shell powder and hydrogen-oxygen
Mixed be incorporated in autoclave of aqueous solution for changing potassium or sodium hydroxide impregnates 2-5 hours, and dipping temperature is 25-90 DEG C, in autoclave
Being passed through compressed air to reach in autoclave pressure is 0-3MPa, after dipping, takes out, dries in baking oven.
Preferably, temperature is 700-1100 DEG C when step (2) inert atmosphere high temperature of the present invention activates, activation time
For 1-3h.
Preferably, shell powder of the present invention and shell powder when potassium hydroxide or sodium hydrate solid physical mixed and potassium hydroxide
Or the mass ratio of sodium hydrate solid is 1:2-4.
Preferably, shell powder and solute potassium hydroxide in the aqueous solution of shell powder of the present invention and potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide
Or the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide is 1:2-4.
Preferably, the concentration of dilute hydrochloric acid is 0.1mol/L in step (3) of the present invention.
Preferably, screening is 200 mesh in step (3) of the present invention.
The preparation method of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge of the present invention comprising following steps:
(1) moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell is taken to clean, drying, crush, shell powder is made in screening；
(2) shell powder is uniformly mixed with potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, is subsequently placed in the activation of inert atmosphere high temperature；
(3) cooling is taken out, is washed to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid and distillation, drying, grinding, screening obtain activated carbon from activated sludge.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1, agricultural wastes are belonged to for moringa seeds shell and flaxseed shell, develops and uses less problem at present, provides
A kind of new application field, that is, be made into activated carbon from activated sludge, and it is from a wealth of sources, cheap both to have imparted activated carbon from activated sludge
The advantages of, while no pollution to the environment, the recycling of agricultural wastes is also promoted, the purification of industrial wastewater is more promoted.
2, it is soaked in the present invention program using shell powder and mixed be incorporated in autoclave of the aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide
Stain 2-5 hours, dipping temperature was 25-90 DEG C, and it is 0-3MPa, dipping that compressed air is passed through in autoclave and keeps pressure in autoclave
After, it takes out, is dried in baking oven, be subsequently placed in the scheme of inert atmosphere high temperature activation, further enhance in shell powder
The abundant combination of portion's micropore and lye, promotes priming reaction, effectively increases the specific surface area of activated carbon from activated sludge, reaches and change
It is apt to the purpose of its adsorption effect.
3. simple process, high production efficiency.
Specific embodiment
The application of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell, moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell obtain biomass active after high-temperature activation
Charcoal, for adsorbing the Cu2+ in waste water.
For the suction-operated for further demonstrating that moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge in the present invention, do as follows
Test:
Adsorption experiment step are as follows: biomass active carbon powder prepared by the present invention is added in Cu2+ aqueous solution, concentration
For 0-1200mg/L, biomass active carbon powder dosage 0.1g, pH value 2-7, time of contact 10-300min, temperature is
298K, revolving speed 150r/min, Cu2+ solution are formulated by copper nitrate and distilled water, are surveyed using atomic absorption spectrophotometer
Cu2+ concentration in solution is tried, the initial of heavy metal solution is adjusted using the dilute hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L or the NaOH solution of 0.1mol/L
PH value.
Embodiment 1
The moringa seeds shell abrasive flour of 5 grams of drying moisture is taken to be uniformly mixed with 20 grams of potassium hydroxide powders, it is lazy in 1000 DEG C
Property atmosphere or isolation air calcination 1h after, take out, ground and be neutralized to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1mol/L) after 20 mesh, then
It is dried after being cleaned repeatedly with deionized water and activated carbon from activated sludge is made.BET test shows that active carbon specific surface area is 926m2/g.
According to the method for above-mentioned adsorption experiment, biomass active carbon powder 0.1g is weighed, the Cu2 for being 1000mg/L to the concentration being configured to
+ aqueous solution is adsorbed, and absorption result shows that copper ion removal rate is 86%.Maximum adsorption copper ion quantity is 435mg/g.
Embodiment 2
It takes the moringa seeds shell abrasive flour of 5 grams of drying moisture to be uniformly mixed with 20 grams of potassium hydroxide powders, is put into a taper
In bottle, 30 grams of water are added, after being sufficiently stirred, are put into autoclave, is rapidly heated to 80 DEG C, is passed through compressed air to pressure
2.8MPa.It is taken out after dipping 1h, dries moisture, in 1000 DEG C of inert atmospheres or after isolation air calcination 1h, taken out, grounds travel
It is neutralized to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1mol/L) after broken 20 mesh of mistake, then dries obtained biomass after being cleaned repeatedly with deionized water and lives
Property charcoal.BET test shows that active carbon specific surface area is 1298m2/g.According to the method for above-mentioned adsorption experiment, it is living to weigh biomass
Property carbon powder 0.1g, to the concentration being configured to be 1000mg/L Cu2+ aqueous solution adsorb, absorption result shows copper ion
Removal rate is 96%.Maximum adsorption copper ion quantity is 487mg/g.
Embodiment 3
The moringa seeds shell abrasive flour of 5 grams of drying moisture is taken to be uniformly mixed with 10 grams of potassium hydroxide powders, in 800 DEG C of inertia
After atmosphere or isolation air calcination 1h, takes out, ground and be neutralized to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1mol/L) after 20 mesh, then use
Deionized water dries after cleaning repeatedly and activated carbon from activated sludge is made.BET test shows that active carbon specific surface area is 721m2/g.Root
According to the method for above-mentioned adsorption experiment, biomass active carbon powder 0.1g is weighed, the Cu2+ water for being 700mg/L to the concentration being configured to
Solution is adsorbed, and absorption result shows that copper ion removal rate is 94%.Maximum adsorption copper ion quantity is 336mg/g.
Embodiment 4
The flaxseed shell abrasive flour of 5 grams of drying moisture is taken to be uniformly mixed with 15 grams of sodium hydroxide powders, it is lazy in 1000 DEG C
Property atmosphere or isolation air calcination 1h after, take out, ground and be neutralized to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1mol/L) after 20 mesh, then
It is dried after being cleaned repeatedly with deionized water and activated carbon from activated sludge is made.BET test shows that active carbon specific surface area is 995m2/g.
According to the method for above-mentioned adsorption experiment, biomass active carbon powder 0.1g is weighed, the Cu2+ for being 800mg/L to the concentration being configured to
Aqueous solution is adsorbed, and absorption result shows that copper ion removal rate is 95%.Maximum adsorption copper ion quantity is 386mg/g.
Embodiment 5
It takes the flaxseed shell abrasive flour of 5 grams of drying moisture to be uniformly mixed with 15 grams of sodium hydroxide powders, is put into a taper
In bottle, 30 grams of water are added, after being sufficiently stirred, are put into autoclave, is rapidly heated to 40 DEG C, is passed through compressed air to pressure
2.5MPa.It is taken out after dipping 1h, dries moisture, after 1100 DEG C of isolation air calcination 1h, taken out, used after grinding 20 mesh
Dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1mol/L) is neutralized to neutrality, then dries after being cleaned repeatedly with deionized water and activated carbon from activated sludge is made.BET test
Show that active carbon specific surface area is 1156m2/g.According to the method for above-mentioned adsorption experiment, biomass active carbon powder 0.1g is weighed,
The Cu2+ aqueous solution that the concentration being configured to is 1000mg/L is adsorbed, absorption result shows that copper ion removal rate is 95%.
Maximum adsorption copper ion quantity is 479mg/g.
Embodiment 6
It takes the flaxseed shell abrasive flour of 5 grams of drying moisture to be uniformly mixed with 10 grams of sodium hydroxide powders, completely cuts off in 800 DEG C
It after air calcination h, takes out, ground and be neutralized to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid (0.1mol/L) after 20 mesh, then is anti-with deionized water
It is dried after multiple cleaning and activated carbon from activated sludge is made.BET test shows that active carbon specific surface area is 683m2/g.According to above-mentioned absorption
The method of experiment weighs biomass active carbon powder 0.1g, inhales to the Cu2+ aqueous solution that the concentration being configured to is 330mg/L
Attached, absorption result shows that copper ion removal rate is 93%.Maximum adsorption copper ion quantity is 156mg/g.
Claims (10)
1. the application of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell, it is characterized in that moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell obtain biology after high-temperature activation
Activated carbon, for adsorbing the Cu2+ in waste water.
2. moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that being prepared by the following method:
(1) moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell is taken to clean, drying, crush, shell powder is made in screening；
(2) shell powder is uniformly mixed with potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, is subsequently placed in the activation of inert atmosphere high temperature；
(3) cooling is taken out, is washed to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid and distillation, drying, grinding, screening obtain activated carbon from activated sludge.
3. moringa seeds shell according to claim 2 or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that shell powder in step (1)
For 20-200 mesh.
4. moringa seeds shell according to claim 2 or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that step (2) shell powder with
The method that potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide are uniformly mixed includes following two, and one is using shell powder and potassium hydroxide or hydroxide
Sodium solid powder physical mixed, another kind are to be incorporated in autoclave using the aqueous solution of shell powder and potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide is mixed
Middle dipping 2-5 hours, dipping temperature are 25-90 DEG C, and compressed air is passed through in autoclave, and keeping pressure in kettle is 0-3MPa, leaching
After stain, takes out, dried in baking oven.
5. moringa seeds shell according to claim 2 or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that step (2) indifferent gas
Temperature is 700-1100 DEG C when atmosphere high temperature activates, activation time 1-3h.
6. moringa seeds shell according to claim 4 or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that shell powder and hydroxide
The mass ratio of shell powder and potassium hydroxide or sodium hydrate solid is 1:2-4 when potassium or sodium hydrate solid powder physical mixed.
7. moringa seeds shell according to claim 4 or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that shell powder and hydroxide
The mass ratio of shell powder and solute potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide is 1:2-4 in the aqueous solution of potassium or sodium hydroxide.
8. moringa seeds shell according to claim 2 or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that dilute salt in step (3)
The concentration of acid is 0.1mol/L.
9. moringa seeds shell according to claim 2 or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that screening in step (3)
For 200 mesh.
10. the preparation method of moringa seeds shell described in claim 2-9 or flaxseed shell activated carbon from activated sludge, it is characterized in that include with
Lower step:
(1) moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell is taken to clean, drying, crush, shell powder is made in screening；
(2) shell powder is uniformly mixed with potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, is subsequently placed in the activation of inert atmosphere high temperature；
(3) cooling is taken out, is washed to neutrality with dilute hydrochloric acid and distillation, drying, grinding, screening obtain activated carbon from activated sludge.
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| CN201910483960.0A CN110127693A (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2019-06-05 | The application of moringa seeds shell or flaxseed shell and activated carbon from activated sludge and preparation method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112295539A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Modified mangosteen shell activated carbon and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113058554A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Activated carbon prepared from natural rubber seed shells and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2023133653A1 (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-07-20 | 广州工商学院 | Preparation device for moringa seed biological activated carbon |
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| CN108910876A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-30 | 天津科技大学 | A method of preparing activated carbon from activated sludge |
| CN109336108A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 刘岳定 | A kind of efficient water purification active carbon and preparation method thereof |
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| CN108910876A (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2018-11-30 | 天津科技大学 | A method of preparing activated carbon from activated sludge |
| CN109336108A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-15 | 刘岳定 | A kind of efficient water purification active carbon and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112295539A (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2021-02-02 | 浙江工业大学 | Modified mangosteen shell activated carbon and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN113058554A (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2021-07-02 | 昆明理工大学 | Activated carbon prepared from natural rubber seed shells and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2023133653A1 (en) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-07-20 | 广州工商学院 | Preparation device for moringa seed biological activated carbon |
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