CN113772044B - Offshore single point mooring replacement maintenance method - Google Patents
Offshore single point mooring replacement maintenance method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113772044B CN113772044B CN202111144587.XA CN202111144587A CN113772044B CN 113772044 B CN113772044 B CN 113772044B CN 202111144587 A CN202111144587 A CN 202111144587A CN 113772044 B CN113772044 B CN 113772044B
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- Prior art keywords
- anchor chain
- underwater
- wire rope
- steel wire
- pontoon
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B81/00—Repairing or maintaining vessels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/08—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of winches
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a marine single point mooring replacement maintenance method, which adopts a DP ship for construction and comprises the following specific steps: 1) The middle upper part of the underwater anchor chain is connected with a hanging belt, and the lower end of the hanging belt is connected with a counterweight module; 2) The winch steel wire rope is put into water and is connected with the middle upper part of the underwater anchor chain after being turned around the fixed pulley; 3) Tightening the steel wire rope and releasing the clamping ring for connecting the underwater anchor chain and the anchor pile; 4) Loosening the steel wire rope, and floating the underwater anchor chain and the pontoon to the water surface; 5) Removing the counterweight module to complete replacement of the pontoon and/or the underwater anchor chain; 6) Connecting a counterweight module to the upper middle part of an underwater anchor chain of a new mooring structure; 7) Tightening the steel wire rope, and connecting an underwater anchor chain and an anchor pile of the new mooring structure together by using a clamping ring under the water of a diver; 8) And releasing the counterweight module and the steel wire rope. The invention does not need to lift out anchor piles, does not need to use large floating cranes and ship facilities, and has the advantages of short construction period, low risk and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a maintenance method of a single point mooring system, in particular to a replacement maintenance method of offshore single point mooring.
Background
The single-point mooring system is matched with the FPSO and the oil storage wheel to carry out the outward transportation operation, the outward transportation mode is suitable for the marginal oilfield exploitation production with small reserves and scattered distribution, and has the advantages of less investment, quick response, reusability and the like, and the ship does not need to be greatly refitted during the outward transportation, and the installation is quick. But also has the defects of less storage, frequent export, larger influence of weather and ocean currents during the export, high berthing risk coefficient, small tonnage of moored ship, large oil field pressure production, production stopping and abrasion of anchor chains caused by oil tanker collision platforms during the export and continuous bad weather.
According to the detection result of a mooring system of a certain platform in recent years, the pin shafts of the underwater anchor chain snap rings, the anchor chains, the connecting snap rings and the like are worn seriously due to ocean currents, mooring stress and the like, the problem can cause the loss or mooring failure of a buoy due to the positioning failure of the anchor chains, threat is caused to oilfield production and outward transportation operation in serious cases, even serious risks such as serious environmental pollution and collision of a tanker platform are caused, and the problem belongs to serious risk hidden danger.
The current hidden danger treatment method mainly comprises the step of replacing an underwater connecting anchor chain and a clamping ring or replacing an integral single-point mooring facility.
The conventional maintenance needs to use large-scale floating cranes and ship facilities, and has long construction period, high risk and high cost.
The following disadvantages mainly exist:
1) The method requires a whole set of large equipment such as a large floating crane, a tug, an anchor throwing boat, a pile driver and the like.
2) The working period is long, the normal production operation of offshore facilities is seriously influenced, and the platform is required to be stopped for production and cooperation during maintenance and replacement;
3) The operation risk is high, the change of the offshore weather is unusual, the anchor moving and emergency anchor lifting and withdrawing time is long in severe weather, the partial area is closer to the platform, and the collision risk of the platform is high;
4) The construction resource requirement is higher, needs large-scale equipment such as floating crane ship, and the overall construction cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for replacing and maintaining offshore single-point mooring, which solves the technical problems in the prior art, and by adopting the method, anchor piles do not need to be lifted, large-scale floating cranes and ship facilities do not need to be used, the construction period is short, the risk is low, and the cost is low.
The invention adopts the technical proposal for solving the technical problems in the prior art that: a marine single point mooring replacement maintenance method adopts a DP ship for construction, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) The upper middle part of the underwater anchor chain is connected with a hanging belt, a fixed pulley is arranged on the anchor pile, and the lower end of the hanging belt is connected with a counterweight module, so that the pontoon achieves neutral buoyancy;
2) The winch steel wire rope is put into water and is connected with the middle upper part of the underwater anchor chain after being turned around the fixed pulley;
3) Tightening the steel wire rope to enable the pontoon to move downwards, and after the lower end of the underwater anchor chain is loosened, the diver is matched with the clamp ring for connecting the underwater anchor chain and the anchor pile, and the underwater anchor chain is separated from the anchor pile;
4) Loosening the steel wire rope to enable the underwater anchor chain and the pontoon to float up to the water surface under the control of the steel wire rope;
5) Dismantling the counterweight module, and completing replacement of the pontoon and/or the underwater anchor chain under the cooperation of the ship crane on the DP ship to obtain a new mooring structure;
6) Before the new mooring structure is put in, connecting a counterweight module at the water surface to the upper middle part of an underwater anchor chain of the new mooring structure;
7) Tightening the steel wire rope, and moving the new mooring structure and the counterweight module to the anchor pile under the traction of the steel wire rope, wherein the underwater anchor chain of the new mooring structure and the anchor pile are connected together by a clamping ring under water of a diver;
8) And releasing the counterweight module and the steel wire rope, and floating the pontoon to the designed position, so that the underwater mooring structure is replaced.
And 5) replacing the pontoon and the underwater anchor chain together, wherein the process is carried out on the deck of the DP ship.
And 5) replacing the pontoon, namely replacing only the underwater anchor chain, and carrying out on the water surface.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
1) The method is simple and efficient: and the anchor pile does not need to be lifted, so that the construction process is greatly simplified.
2) Construction resources: the invention has simple construction resource and does not need large ships and other supporting facilities.
3) Safety: the invention has the advantages of no anchoring, accurate positioning, strong emergency response capability and low risk of underwater operation of divers.
4) Construction cost: the construction cost is low, and compared with the existing construction method, the construction method is reduced by 80 percent.
5) Impact on production: compared with the existing method, the method does not need to stop production and has no influence on production operation.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of lower cost, low construction resource requirement and high construction efficiency; the construction safety is high; the method has no influence on the production condition of the existing oil field, can safely and efficiently eliminate hidden danger of a single-point mooring structure, and keeps the safe production of offshore facilities.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention for carrying out step 3).
In the figure: 1. DP vessel; 2. a ship crane; 3. a wire rope; 4. a fixed pulley; 5. an anchor pile; 6. a pontoon; 7. an underwater anchor chain; 8. a hanging belt; 9. and a counterweight module.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, its features and advantages, reference is now made to the following examples, which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which:
referring to fig. 1, a method for replacing and maintaining marine single point mooring, which adopts a DP ship 1 for construction, comprises the following specific steps:
1) The middle upper part of the underwater anchor chain 7 is connected with a hanging belt 8, a fixed pulley 4 is arranged on the anchor pile 5, and the lower end of the hanging belt 8 is connected with a counterweight module 9, so that the pontoon 6 achieves neutral buoyancy.
2) The steel wire rope 3 on the winch is put into water and is connected with the middle upper part of the underwater anchor chain 7 after being turned around the fixed pulley 4. The winch is mounted on the DP vessel 1 and the wire rope 3 on the winch plays a towing role on the mooring structure comprising the underwater anchor chain 7.
3) And the steel wire rope 3 is tightened, so that the pontoon 6 moves downwards, after the lower end of the underwater anchor chain 7 is loosened, the diver is matched with the underwater anchor chain 7 to release the clamping ring for connecting the underwater anchor chain 7 with the anchor pile 5, and the underwater anchor chain 7 is separated from the anchor pile 5.
4) The steel wire rope 3 is loosened, so that the underwater anchor chain 7 and the pontoon 6 float up to the water surface under the control of the steel wire rope 3.
5) And (3) dismantling the counterweight module 9, and completing replacement of the pontoon 6 and/or the underwater anchor chain 7 under the cooperation of the ship crane 2 to obtain a new mooring structure. The buoy 6 is turned over and fixed by using the aid of the ship crane and the steel wire rope, and the anchor chain is replaced or the whole mooring structure is replaced.
When both the pontoon 6 and the underwater anchor chain 7 need to be replaced, they can be lifted up on the deck of the DP vessel, and the replacement is completed on the deck. When the pontoon 6 is not replaced, the underwater anchor chain 7 is replaced, and the process can be carried out on the water surface, so that a deck does not need to be lifted.
6) The counterweight module 9 is attached to the upper middle part of the new mooring in its underwater chain at the surface before the new mooring is run in.
7) Tightening the steel wire rope 3, and moving the new mooring structure and the counterweight module 9 to the anchor pile 5 under the traction of the steel wire rope 3, wherein the underwater anchor chain of the new mooring structure is connected with the anchor pile 5 by the clamping ring under the water of a diver.
8) And releasing the counterweight module 9 and the steel wire rope 3, and floating the buoy of the new mooring structure to a designed position, so that the underwater mooring structure is replaced.
The method for replacing the underwater anchor chain is compared with the conventional maintenance method in equipment, personnel, construction period cost and risk aspects:
compared with the original construction method, which has the cost of 1000 ten thousand yuan, the method has the advantages that the hidden danger treatment capability of the single-point mooring facility is effectively improved, and the cost is saved by 80 percent.
The weight scheme of the weight module and the path of the traction type steel wire rope are required to be analyzed, calculated and determined according to the original file of the single-point mooring device and by combining with the actual conditions of engineering and considering factors such as buoyancy, seabed, flow velocity, weight, anchor chain length and the like.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and many forms may be made by those having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention and the scope of the appended claims, which are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The marine single point mooring replacement and maintenance method is characterized by adopting a DP ship for construction, and comprises the following specific steps:
1) The upper middle part of the underwater anchor chain is connected with a hanging belt, a fixed pulley is arranged on the anchor pile, and the lower end of the hanging belt is connected with a counterweight module, so that the pontoon achieves neutral buoyancy;
2) The winch steel wire rope is put into water and is connected with the middle upper part of the underwater anchor chain after being turned around the fixed pulley;
3) Tightening the steel wire rope to enable the pontoon to move downwards, and after the lower end of the underwater anchor chain is loosened, the diver is matched with the clamp ring for connecting the underwater anchor chain and the anchor pile, and the underwater anchor chain is separated from the anchor pile;
4) Loosening the steel wire rope to enable the underwater anchor chain and the pontoon to float up to the water surface under the control of the steel wire rope;
5) Dismantling the counterweight module, and completing replacement of the pontoon and/or the underwater anchor chain under the cooperation of the ship crane on the DP ship to obtain a new mooring structure;
6) Before the new mooring structure is put in, connecting a counterweight module at the water surface to the upper middle part of an underwater anchor chain of the new mooring structure;
7) Tightening the steel wire rope, and moving the new mooring structure and the counterweight module to the anchor pile under the traction of the steel wire rope, wherein the underwater anchor chain of the new mooring structure and the anchor pile are connected together by a clamping ring under water of a diver;
8) And releasing the counterweight module and the steel wire rope, and floating the pontoon to the designed position, so that the underwater mooring structure is replaced.
2. The offshore single point mooring replacement repair method of claim 1 wherein step 5) the buoy is replaced with the submerged anchor chain, on the DP vessel deck.
3. The offshore single point mooring replacement repair method of claim 1, wherein the step 5) is performed on the water surface without replacing the buoy by replacing only the underwater anchor chain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111144587.XA CN113772044B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Offshore single point mooring replacement maintenance method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111144587.XA CN113772044B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Offshore single point mooring replacement maintenance method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113772044A CN113772044A (en) | 2021-12-10 |
| CN113772044B true CN113772044B (en) | 2023-10-31 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202111144587.XA Active CN113772044B (en) | 2021-09-28 | 2021-09-28 | Offshore single point mooring replacement maintenance method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN113772044B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114620196B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2023-02-21 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Jacket buoy device and three-leg jacket installation method with buoy device |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0820381A (en) * | 1994-07-06 | 1996-01-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Moor releasing device |
| US6019058A (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 2000-02-01 | Fmc Corporation | Looped mooring line and method of installation |
| CN1387487A (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2002-12-25 | 近海能源发展公司 | Subsea anchor line connection method and connector for use therein |
| CN103466038A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-25 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method for changing connecting tubes in FPSO (floating production storage and offloading) single-point buoys |
| CN109094739A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-28 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | Suitable for hanging r shape anchor system and the method for recycling when the test of buoy harbour |
| CN216269827U (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-04-12 | 中海石油技术检测有限公司 | Offshore single point mooring replacement maintenance equipment |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014011619A1 (en) * | 2012-07-10 | 2014-01-16 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Apparatus and anchor handling vessels for installing or removing and replacing a segment of a mooring line |
-
2021
- 2021-09-28 CN CN202111144587.XA patent/CN113772044B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0820381A (en) * | 1994-07-06 | 1996-01-23 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Moor releasing device |
| US6019058A (en) * | 1997-06-19 | 2000-02-01 | Fmc Corporation | Looped mooring line and method of installation |
| CN1387487A (en) * | 1999-11-01 | 2002-12-25 | 近海能源发展公司 | Subsea anchor line connection method and connector for use therein |
| CN103466038A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-25 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method for changing connecting tubes in FPSO (floating production storage and offloading) single-point buoys |
| CN109094739A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-12-28 | 国家海洋局第海洋研究所 | Suitable for hanging r shape anchor system and the method for recycling when the test of buoy harbour |
| CN216269827U (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-04-12 | 中海石油技术检测有限公司 | Offshore single point mooring replacement maintenance equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| FPSO单点系泊上锚缆更换技术_符方超;符方超 等；;船舶与海洋工程;第33卷(第5期);第77-81段 * |
| 深水单点系泊维修中水浮筒保护性回收与下放工艺的应用;傅文志 等；;中国新技术新产品(第2期);第74-77页 * |
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| CN113772044A (en) | 2021-12-10 |
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