CN106114762B - Shallow water floating platform mooring gear and method - Google Patents
Shallow water floating platform mooring gear and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106114762B CN106114762B CN201610543335.7A CN201610543335A CN106114762B CN 106114762 B CN106114762 B CN 106114762B CN 201610543335 A CN201610543335 A CN 201610543335A CN 106114762 B CN106114762 B CN 106114762B
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- floating platform
- mooring
- drum
- stern
- fore body
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
- B63B21/507—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers with mooring turrets
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Laying Of Electric Cables Or Lines Outside (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Shallow water floating platform mooring gear includes mooring line, drum, anchor chain, it is equipped with winch in the transverse ends of floating platform fore body, stern, it is respectively equipped with a drum in the fore body of floating platform, the longitudinally outboard of stern, the external part of the mooring line wound on two winches of floating platform fore body transverse ends is connect with the drum on the outside of floating platform fore body, and the external part of the mooring line wound on two winches of floating platform stern transverse ends is connect with the drum on the outside of floating platform stern；Two drums are fixed on by an anchor chain on the anchorage of seabed respectively.The invention also discloses the anchoring methods that single drum Mooring Arrangements of double drum Mooring Arrangements and existence operating mode under floating platform normal operation condition and both Mooring Arrangements are switched over according to sea situation.The present invention disclosure satisfy that the location requirement under the conditions of shallow water floating platform berthing and the security requirement under Anti-Typhoon mooring method, be convenient for the lateral berthing of ship, and have higher capacity of anti-storm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ocean engineering mooring technical fields, and in particular to is used for the mooring gear of shallow sea water floating platform
And method.
Background technology
As China continually develops construction to ocean islands and reefs, need using the floating platform for not destroying the marine eco-environment
As harbour, carries out freighter berthing and transported with goods and materials handling.As global warming, typhoon took place frequently in recent years, and grade by
Cumulative height.How the stationkeeping ability for largely testing floating ocean platform anchoring system, ensure that floating platform is normal
The ability of depositing is its significant problem during military service certainly for production or raising storm.Current Mooring Arrangements mainly have rotary type tower
Single point mooring's mode, catenary suspension type continuous vulcanization multipoint mooring mode, tension type multipoint mooring mode, wherein rotary type tower single point mooring is severe
Mooring Arrangements are commonly used under environmental condition, form includes the inner cupola formula single point mooring that capstan head and float structure combine together and turns
Tower is located at the outer rotary type tower single point mooring on the outside of floating body fore body.Although the Mooring Arrangements capacity of anti-storm is strong, in the side of stormy waves
It can be rotated therewith to floating body when changing, be unfavorable for other ships and the berthing of floating body transverse direction and carry out operation, and is complicated, made
Valence is higher；Catenary suspension type continuous vulcanization and tension type multipoint mooring mode are typically to arrange multiple moorings in the angle point of floating platform or along perimeter
Point, mooring line on each mooring point is radial to be extended around, then mooring line is anchored at seabed by anchor.This
Although two kinds of multipoint mooring mode stationkeeping abilities are stronger, floating body is not susceptible to rotate, and there are following defects：First, work as freighter
When transversely resting in floating platform side, it is easy to collide with the mooring line of floating body and causes the damage of anchoring system or ship
Bad, the navigation and operation of lateral berthing and operation and periphery ship to ship are very unfavorable；Second, every mooring line is direct
Seabed is fixed on by the anchor of anchoring pile or other forms, required anchor point is more, and entire anchoring system construction and installation need
More expense and time；Third is easy to be acted on by lateral stormy waves, makes to float in the changeable marine site of high sea situation and stormy waves direction
Formula platform and anchoring system bear the wind-force more much bigger than single point mooring mode and wave force and thus caused floating platform
Movement, anchoring system and floating platform itself are easy to be damaged, and safety is poor.
Invention content
The applicant is improved for disadvantages mentioned above in the prior art, provides a kind of shallow water floating platform mooring gear
And method, it disclosure satisfy that the location requirement of shallow water floating platform, lateral convenient for ship stops operation, and with higher anti-
Stormy waves ability.
Technical scheme is as follows：
Shallow water floating platform mooring gear of the present invention, including mooring line, drum, anchor chain, floating platform fore body,
The transverse ends of stern are equipped with winch, and a drum, floating are respectively equipped in the fore body of floating platform, the longitudinally outboard of stern
The external part of the mooring line wound on two winches of platform fore body transverse ends connects with the drum on the outside of floating platform fore body
Connect, the external part of the mooring line wound on two winches of floating platform stern transverse ends on the outside of floating platform stern
Drum connects；Two drums are fixed on by an anchor chain on the anchorage of seabed respectively.
Its further technical solution is：
The drum is located at two mooring lines connected to it between the lateral line of the external part on winch.
The mooring line is composite rope, includes the nylon cable section spliced along mooring line length direction and high molecular polythene cable
Section, described nylon cable section one end are connect with drum, and the nylon cable section other end is connect with the high molecular polythene cable section, institute
The high molecular polythene cable section other end is stated to be wrapped on winch.
The anchor chain is arranged for catenary suspension type continuous vulcanization.
The top of the drum is equipped with mooring staple, and mooring line is connect with the mooring staple.
The drum is steel circular cylindrical float structure, is divided at least two independent volume of compartments inside drum.
The anchor chain is rotatably connected on the anchorage of seabed.
Shallow water floating platform anchoring method of the present invention arranges floating platform along water front parallel direction, when sea situation is full
When sufficient operating condition, mooring line is tensioned to by design pretension by the winch of floating platform fore body, stern, at this time floating platform
In job state, wait for that dock vessels carry out lateral berthing；When environmental condition deteriorates and is more than design critical sea, by floating
Mooring staple on the mooring line of platform fore body and the drum of fore body side disengages, or by the mooring line and stern of floating platform stern
The mooring staple of the drum of portion side disengages, and the mooring of floating platform is made to become the single point mooring with vane effect；Work as sea situation
When restoring to operating condition, the mooring staple of the mooring line mutually disengaged and drum is reconnected, fore body, the stern of floating platform
Winch mooring line is tensioned to design pretension, floating platform restores to job state at this time, wait for dock vessels carry out laterally
Berthing；According to sea situation situation, make floating platform work pattern and the single drum mooring of double drum moorings wind and wave resistance pattern it
Between switch over.
The technique effect of the present invention：
1, mooring line and the interference between mooring a boat are greatly reduced：The present invention changes traditional single point mooring or extends out formula
Multipoint mooring mode, use a drum and corresponding anchor chain, anchorage to form two in floating platform fore body, stern side
Mooring point, each mooring point are connect with the winch of floating platform fore body, stern transverse ends respectively by two mooring lines, and same
Two mooring lines of one drum connection form toed-in shape structure in self-floating platform to the drum direction being connected, and are convenient for ship
Especially with the comparable ship berthing of floating platform scale in the side of floating platform, and reduce to large extent to periphery ship
Oceangoing ship navigates by water and the influence of operation, can meet the particular/special requirement of islands and reefs construction；
2, wind and wave resistance and operation double mode switch：Totally four winches, four root systems being arranged using floating platform fore body, stern
Moor the mooring gear that cable, two anchor chains, two anchor points form, you can meet floating platform and shallow-water environment and Very Shallow Water environment
Under location requirement；By the setting of winch and the mooring line structure setting disengagable with drum, winch, floating platform being capable of root
Switch between the work pattern of double drum moorings and the wind and wave resistance pattern of single drum mooring according to sea situation, is meeting floating platform just
The survivability requirement of high-level stormy waves is resisted in normal job requirements and original place；
3, anchor point quantity is few：Traditional every anchor chain of anchoring system is required for the anchoring of an anchoring pile or other forms to fill
It sets and seabed is fixed in anchor chain one end, and two mooring lines are first coupled to the water positioned at the water surface by mooring gear of the present invention
Drum, then drum mooring is made into seabed in seabed under the premise of ensureing anchoring system stationkeeping ability and safety by an anchor chain
Anchor point quantity reduces half, and expense and the time of mooring gear construction and installation can be greatly lowered.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is vertical view of the present invention under working condition.
Fig. 3 is vertical view of the present invention under wind and wave resistance operating mode.
Wherein：1, mooring line；2, drum；3, anchor chain；4, winch；5, floating platform；6, the vertical anchorage in seabed；7, it waits stopping
Ship.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrate the specific implementation mode of the present invention.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shallow water floating platform mooring gear of the present invention includes mooring line 1, drum 2, anchor chain 3, floating
The fore body of formula platform 5, the transverse ends of stern are equipped with winch 4, distinguish in the fore body of floating platform 5, the longitudinally outboard of stern
If there are one drum 2, the external part of the mooring line 1 wound on two winches 4 of 5 fore body transverse ends of floating platform is and floating
Drum 2 on the outside of 5 fore body of platform connects, and the mooring line 1 wound on two winches 4 of 5 stern transverse ends of floating platform is stretched
Outlet is connect with the drum 2 on the outside of 5 stern of floating platform；Two drums 2 are fixed on seabed anchorage by an anchor chain 3 respectively
On 6；Two mooring lines 1 being connect with same drum 2 towards 2 bunching of same drum, and two mooring lines 1 from floating platform 5 to
2 direction of drum forms toed-in structure, further controls mooring line 1 from the extension elongation on winch 4 by winch 4, makes drum 2
Positioned at two mooring lines 1 connected to it between the lateral line of the external part on winch 4, guarantee mooring line 1 is in lateral side
It is respectively positioned in the lateral dimension of floating platform 2 upwards." transverse direction " of the present invention refers to the width dimensions direction of floating platform 5,
" longitudinal direction " refers to the length dimension direction of floating platform 5.
Further, the mooring line 1 is composite rope, includes the nylon cable section spliced along 1 length direction of mooring line and height
Molecular polyethylene cable section, described nylon cable section one end are connect with drum 2, the nylon cable section other end and the polyphosphazene polymer second
Alkene cable section connects, and the high molecular polythene cable section other end is wrapped on winch 4.Nylon cable section elasticity is larger, is conducive to subtract
Small maximum tension, on the other hand, under same rupture strength, high molecular polythene cable section diameter compared with nylon cable section diameter compared with
It is small, be conducive to the Miniaturization Design of 4 scale of winch and the chock being mutually arranged, therefore 1 this special setting of mooring line can be simultaneously
Ensure the balance of its mechanical property and application convenience and economic benefit.In addition, 1 housing buoyant material of mooring line so that mooring
Cable 1 still can float on sea after being freed with drum 2, and be convenient for and 2 tieback of drum.
See that Fig. 1, the anchor chain 3 arrange that anchor chain 3 is made of the steel chain of two sections of different-diameters, the big anchor of diameter for catenary suspension type continuous vulcanization
Segment is connected with seabed anchorage 6, and under operation and existence sea situation, anchor chain 3 is always ensured that the bottom section of lying of certain length so that seabed
Anchorage does not bear the vertical pulling force of anchor chain directly.
For ease of connection, disengagement and the tieback of mooring line 1 and drum 2, the top of drum 2 is equipped with mooring staple（Do not show in figure
Go out）, mooring line 1 connect with the mooring staple.
The drum 2 is steel circular cylindrical float structure, as drum 2 is lowered into the depth in water in anchor chain force effect
It is continuously increased, the buoyancy provided constantly increases, and plays the role of that anchor chain 3 is prevented to be tightened up to which tension steeply rises.In drum 2
Buoyant material at least two independent volume of compartments and is filled in part inside drum 2, after local damage occurs in drum still
Buoyancy can be provided, while buffer is also added on drum periphery, avoid colliding with neighbouring object and drum is caused to damage
Evil.
Anchor chain 3 with each to the connecting component of rotational freedom by being rotatably connected on seabed anchorage 6, specifically
Ground, seabed anchorage 7 are equipped with hanging ring, and snapping is slided in 3 one end of anchor chain by latch closure and the hanging ring, so that anchor chain is around seabed
Anchor point is rotatable.
Shallow water floating platform anchoring method of the present invention, is shown in Fig. 2, and floating platform 5 is arranged along water front parallel direction, when
When sea situation meets operating condition, mooring line 1 is tensioned to by design pretension by the winch 4 of 5 fore body of floating platform, stern, this
When floating platform 5 be in the job states of double drum moorings, wait for that dock vessels 7 carry out lateral berthing, that is, wait for 7 berthing of dock vessels
In the lateral side of floating platform 5；When environmental condition deteriorates and is more than design critical sea, what it is by 5 fore body of floating platform is
The mooring staple moored on the drum 2 of cable 1 and fore body side disengages, or by the mooring line 1 of 5 stern of floating platform and stern side
The mooring staple of drum 2 disengages, and specifically disengages which end depending on platform superstructure layout, principle is work of the wind-force on platform
Should be far from the mooring line not disengaged in the tie point of platform deck with point, so that the Mooring Arrangements of floating platform 5 is become has wind direction
The single point mooring for marking single drum mooring of effect, sees Fig. 3, and under wind wave action, floating platform 2 is rotated around seabed anchor solid point,
Ensure the Anti-Typhoon living safety in floating platform 5 original place, described in arrow direction is stormy waves direction in Fig. 3；When sea situation is restored to making
When industry condition, the mooring staple of the mooring line 1 of disengagement and drum 2 is reconnected, the strand of the fore body of floating platform 5, stern is passed through
Mooring line 1 is tensioned to design pretension by vehicle 4, and floating platform 5 restores to job state at this time, waits for that dock vessels 7 carry out transverse direction
Berthing.According to sea situation situation, floating platform 5 can work pattern and the single drum mooring of double drum moorings wind and wave resistance pattern it
Between switch over.
5 bow stern of floating platform, two drums are arranged along water front parallel direction, it is contemplated that wave is to basic with water front at offshore
Vertical relation, under normal operation condition, floating platform 5 is in athwart sea, using 5 fore body of floating platform, stern four winches,
Four mooring lines, two anchor chains, two anchor points, you can the mooring positioning for realizing floating platform, when floating platform 5 is subjected to displacement
When, drum displacement is driven, seabed anchor chain is made gradually to be tightened up, thus the further displacement for replying power limit floating platform is provided.
Mooring line is tensioned to design pretension by four winches, make mooring gear of the present invention reach enough horizontal direction rigidity from
And realize the positioning requirements of floating platform and berthing ship；Under single point mooring's state, the single point mooring side with vane effect
Formula makes floating platform fore body or stern（It is i.e. longitudinal）Be directed toward environmental forces resultant force come to.Due to floating platform fore body or stern
Area is much smaller than the area of floating platform length direction side, and this Mooring Arrangements can substantially reduce environment suffered by floating platform
Power meets the Anti-Typhoon survivability requirement in floating platform original place to improve the capacity of anti-storm of floating platform.
Above description is explanation of the invention, is not the restriction to invention, limited range of the present invention is referring to right
It is required that within protection scope of the present invention, any type of modification can be made.
Claims (7)
1. shallow water floating platform mooring gear, including mooring line (1), drum (2), anchor chain (3), it is characterised in that：It is flat in floating
The fore body of platform (5), the transverse ends of stern are equipped with winch (4), divide in the fore body of floating platform (5), the longitudinally outboard of stern
It does not set there are one drum (2), the stretching of the mooring line (1) wound on two winches (4) of floating platform (5) fore body transverse ends
End is connect with the drum (2) on the outside of floating platform (5) fore body, on two winches (4) of floating platform (5) stern transverse ends
The external part of the mooring line (1) of winding is connect with the drum (2) on the outside of floating platform (5) stern, the drum (2) be located at
Two mooring lines (1) that it is connected are between the lateral line of the external part on winch (4)；Two drums (2) pass through one respectively
Root anchor chain (3) is fixed on seabed anchorage (6).
2. shallow water floating platform mooring gear as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mooring line (1) is composite rope,
Include the nylon cable section spliced along mooring line (1) length direction and high molecular polythene cable section, described nylon cable section one end and water
Drum (2) connection, the nylon cable section other end are connect with the high molecular polythene cable section, and the high molecular polythene cable section is another
One ends wound is on winch (4).
3. shallow water floating platform mooring gear as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The anchor chain (3) is catenary suspension type continuous vulcanization cloth
It sets.
4. shallow water floating platform mooring gear as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The top of the drum (2) is equipped with
Mooring staple, mooring line (1) are connect with the mooring staple.
5. shallow water floating platform mooring gear as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The drum (2) is steel cylinder
Shape float structure, drum (2) is internal to be divided at least two independent volume of compartments.
6. shallow water floating platform mooring gear as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The anchor chain (3) rotationally connects
It is connected on seabed anchorage (6).
7. using the shallow water floating platform anchoring method of the shallow water floating platform mooring gear described in claim 6, feature exists
In：By floating platform (5) along water front parallel direction arrange, when sea situation meets operating condition, by floating platform (5) fore body,
Mooring line (1) is tensioned to design pretension by the winch (4) of stern, and floating platform (5) is in job state, ship to be stopped at this time
Oceangoing ship (7) carries out lateral berthing；When environmental condition deteriorates and is more than design critical sea, by the mooring of floating platform (5) fore body
Mooring staple on the drum (2) of cable (1) and fore body side disengages, or by the mooring line (1) and stern of floating platform (5) stern
The mooring staple of the drum (2) of side disengages, and the mooring of floating platform (5) is made to become the single point mooring with vane effect；When
When sea situation is restored to operating condition, the mooring staple of the mooring line mutually disengaged (1) and drum (2) is reconnected, floating platform
(5) mooring line (1) is tensioned to design pretension by the winch (4) of fore body, stern, and floating platform (5) restores to operation at this time
State waits for that dock vessels (7) carry out lateral berthing；According to sea situation situation, make floating platform (5) in the operation mould of double drum moorings
It is switched between formula and the wind and wave resistance pattern of single drum mooring.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610543335.7A CN106114762B (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | Shallow water floating platform mooring gear and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610543335.7A CN106114762B (en) | 2016-07-12 | 2016-07-12 | Shallow water floating platform mooring gear and method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106114762A CN106114762A (en) | 2016-11-16 |
| CN106114762B true CN106114762B (en) | 2018-08-28 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106741668B (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-07-10 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | The mounting process of floating production storage offloading's tieback |
| WO2020095084A1 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2020-05-14 | Total Sa | Floating fluid loading/offloading structure moored in a body of water, related installation, method and process |
| CN109941398A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-06-28 | 华中科技大学 | Multipoint mooring structure and offshore wind generating suitable for offshore floating type blower |
| CN109757448B (en) * | 2019-03-27 | 2024-01-26 | 中国船舶科学研究中心（中国船舶重工集团公司第七0二研究所） | Fishery cultivation platform |
| CN110395364A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-01 | 上海蕤洋海洋工程技术有限公司 | The construction method on offshore floating type island, offshore floating type island group and offshore floating type island |
| GB2590508B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-12-22 | Sustainable Marine Energy Ltd | Improved turret mooring system |
| CN112937764B (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-08-05 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Anchoring system applied to near-shore fishery breeding platform |
| CN114162268B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-10-14 | 清华大学深圳国际研究生院 | Mooring device for floating body in shallow and medium water area and mounting method |
| CN115465415B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-05-09 | 中国船舶科学研究中心 | Method for transferring marine floating structure through shallow channel |
| CN116101440A (en) * | 2023-04-14 | 2023-05-12 | 广州睿海海洋科技有限公司 | Offshore platform for carrying marine equipment and offshore solar photovoltaic equipment |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB581601A (en) * | 1940-09-05 | 1946-10-18 | William Arthur Phillips | Improvements relating to the mooring of floating hulls intended particularly for defence purposes |
| CN1261311A (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 2000-07-26 | Fmc有限公司 | Double point mooring system |
| CN101503110A (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2009-08-12 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Offshore shipping mooring apparatus |
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2016
- 2016-07-12 CN CN201610543335.7A patent/CN106114762B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB581601A (en) * | 1940-09-05 | 1946-10-18 | William Arthur Phillips | Improvements relating to the mooring of floating hulls intended particularly for defence purposes |
| CN1261311A (en) * | 1997-07-08 | 2000-07-26 | Fmc有限公司 | Double point mooring system |
| CN101503110A (en) * | 2009-03-04 | 2009-08-12 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Offshore shipping mooring apparatus |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106114762A (en) | 2016-11-16 |
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