CN113771466A - 一种阻燃tpu复合面料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种阻燃tpu复合面料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113771466A CN113771466A CN202111008354.7A CN202111008354A CN113771466A CN 113771466 A CN113771466 A CN 113771466A CN 202111008354 A CN202111008354 A CN 202111008354A CN 113771466 A CN113771466 A CN 113771466A
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- composite fabric
- tpu
- flame
- silver
- tpu composite
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000009726 composite fabrication method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-, phosphite (3:1) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1OP(OC=1C(=CC(=CC=1)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1C(C)(C)C JKIJEFPNVSHHEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxy]-2,2-bis[3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyloxymethyl]propyl] 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CCC(=O)OCC(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)(COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)COC(=O)CCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 BGYHLZZASRKEJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylpropanoate Chemical group CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)C DAFHKNAQFPVRKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L silver sulfate Chemical compound [Ag+].[Ag+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O YPNVIBVEFVRZPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000367 silver sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012802 nanoclay Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 72
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 72
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010382 chemical cross-linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010096 film blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013008 moisture curing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/02—Making granules by dividing preformed material
- B29B9/06—Making granules by dividing preformed material in the form of filamentary material, e.g. combined with extrusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/28—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of blown tubular films, e.g. by inflation
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
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- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
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- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
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- B32B2307/714—Inert, i.e. inert to chemical degradation, corrosion
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
本申请涉及复合面料领域,具体公开了一种阻燃TPU复合面料及其制备方法。阻燃TPU复合面料包括依次贴合在一起的外层聚丙烯无纺布、TPU膜和内层聚丙烯无纺布,且三者之间均通过PUR胶粘合固接在一起;所述TPU膜由包括以下重量份的原料制成:TPU颗粒85‑95份、阻燃剂0.2‑1.8份、增韧剂1‑3份,其中阻燃剂为含纳米银的黏土。TPU复合面料的制备方法为:混料、挤出、吹塑、复合得到TPU复合面料。本申请的阻燃TPU复合面料可用于制作各种家纺用品,其具有良好的阻燃性能。
Description
技术领域
本申请涉及复合面料制造技术领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种阻燃TPU复合面料及其制备方法。
背景技术
热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)是一类加热可以塑化、溶剂可以溶解的弹性体,其分子基本上是线型的,没有或很少有化学交联。线型聚氨酶分子链之间存在着许多氢键构成的物理交联,氢键对其形态起到强化作用,从而赋予许多优良的性能,如高强度、耐化学品、耐水解性、耐高低温和耐霉菌性。这些良好的性能使得热塑性聚氨酯被广泛应用于鞋材、电缆、武装、汽车、医疗卫生、管材、薄膜和片材等许多领域。
但是,TPU树脂同样是易燃材料,复合后使得复合面料的整体阻燃性差,限制了TPU复合面料的使用。
针对上述中的相关技术,发明人认为TPU复合面料存在阻燃性差的问题,因此限制了其使用与发展。
发明内容
为了提高TPU复合面料阻燃性,本申请提供一种阻燃TPU复合面料及其制备方法。
第一方面,本申请提供的一种阻燃TPU复合面料,采用如下的技术方案:
一种阻燃TPU复合面料,包括依次贴合在一起的外层聚丙烯无纺布、TPU膜和内层聚丙烯无纺布,且三者之间均通过PUR胶粘合固接在一起;
所述TPU膜由包括以下重量份的原料制成:TPU颗粒85-95份、阻燃剂0.2-1.8份和增韧剂1-3份;
所述阻燃剂为含纳米银的黏土。
通过采用上述技术方案,由于TPU颗粒具有高强度、耐水性和耐霉菌等优异特性;而黏土本身为硅酸盐类的无机物,本身就具有不易燃的特性,但其本身的阻燃性不足,只能作为阻燃配方中的配角,故本申请在黏土中加入银离子,制备成的阻燃剂为含纳米银的黏土,纳米银可将燃烧中的树脂所产生的一氧碳转化成二氧碳,所产生的不可燃二氧碳将TPU复合面料包围,阻止其进一步燃烧。因此,将含纳米银的黏土作为阻燃剂制备的TPU膜具有良好的阻燃性,从而TPU膜与具有防潮、透气的聚丙烯无纺布复合形成的TPU复合面料不仅具有良好的防水、抑菌效果,更具有良好的阻燃性。
优选的,所述含纳米银的黏土的制备方法如下:
将银盐、纳米黏土置于水中加热并搅拌均匀,静置沉淀后以倾析的方式将水移出,再以水冲洗沉淀物,并采用离心脱水方式即可得到含银离子的黏土;
将所述含银离子的黏土置于水中,搅拌均匀;加入还原剂,还原银离子,再以水冲洗沉淀物,并采用离心脱水的方式即可得到含纳米银的黏土。
通过采用上述技术方案,制备方法简单易行,可操作性高。
优选的,所述原料中还包括1.2重量份的抗氧剂,所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168中的混合物,且抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168的重量比为1:(1-3)。
通过采用上述技术方案,抗氧剂1010能有效地防止聚合物材料在长期老化过程中的热氧化降解,同时与抗氧剂168并用具有协同效应,可有效地延长制品的使用期限。
优选的,所述原料还包括0.6重量份的光稳定剂,所述光稳定剂为UV-329和UV-622的混合物,且UV-329和UV-622的重量比为1:(1-2)。
通过采用上述技术方案,结合抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168,选用UV-329和UV-622可以在其波长范围内尽可能提高吸收紫外线,进一步延长TPU复合面料的使用寿命。
优选的,所述增韧剂为2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯。
通过采用上述技术方案,添加增韧剂进一步提高了TPU膜的韧性,消除了随着阻燃剂等助剂的添加,TPU膜的力学性能随之降低的问题。
优选的,所述银盐为硝酸银、硫酸银的一种。
通过采用上述技术方案,硝酸银和硫酸银均为银盐的常见物,经济适用性强。
优选的,所述还原剂为柠檬酸钠、硼化氢钠的一种。
通过采用上述技术方案,柠檬酸钠不仅具有还原性而且对金属银离子具有很好的络合能力;硼化氢钠有很强的还原性,可以还原有一定氧化性的无机物,还原时具有选择性。
第二方面,本申请提供一种阻燃TPU复合面料的制备方法,采用如下的技术方案:
一种阻燃TPU复合面料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
将相应重量的原料进行混合,形成混合料;
将所述混合料进行挤出、冷却、切粒得到预混颗粒;
将所述预混颗粒进行塑化挤出,将塑化挤出料进行吹胀牵引成薄膜;
将所述外层聚丙烯无纺布、TPU颗粒薄膜以及内层聚丙烯无纺布按照辊涂的方式,通过PUR胶粘合在一起形成阻燃TPU复合面料。
通过上述技术方案,所制得的TPU复合面料具有优良的阻燃性和力学性能,利用PUR胶粘合强度大、速度快的优点将无纺布和TUP膜粘接在一起,使得TPU复合面料具有良好的结构强度。
优选的,所述原料混合时采用加热搅拌的方式,其中加热温度为70-80℃,搅拌速度为160-180r/min,搅拌时间为20-25min。
优选的,所述塑化挤出采用双螺杆挤出机,所述双螺杆挤出机的转速为150-200r/min,所述双螺杆挤出机的料筒及挤出口模的温度为110-130℃。
通过采用上述技术方案,优化了控制参数,有利于更好地制备TPU膜。
综上所述,本申请具有以下有益效果:
1、由于本申请通过在TPU颗粒中加入含纳米银的黏土,由于纳米银可将燃烧中的树脂所产生的一氧化碳转化二氧化碳,二氧化碳将TPU复合面料包围,阻止TPU复合面料进一步燃烧,从而使得TPU复合面料具有阻燃性;
2、本申请中优选采用抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168的重量比为1:(1-3),抗氧剂1010与抗氧剂168具有协同效应,有效地延长了TPU复合面料的使用期限。
3、本申请优选采用光稳定剂为UV-329和UV-622的混合物,且UV-329和UV-622的重量比为1:(1-2),通过光稳定剂吸收紫外线强度进一步延长了TPU复合面料的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本申请作进一步详细说明。
制备例和实施例中所用的相关原材料中:
外层聚丙烯无纺布的面密度为40g/m2;内层聚丙烯无纺布的面密度为25g/m2;PUR胶购自东莞市德宝工业材料有限公司;TPU颗粒密度为1.15g/cm3;硝酸银和硫酸银购自上海浙铂新材料科技有限公司,为工业级;纳米黏土密度为2.3g/cm3。
制备例
制备例1
本制备例制备了一种含纳米银的黏土,具体方法如下:
将1.7g硝酸银和1g纳米黏土置于500毫升去离子水中加热至90℃,搅拌24h,静置沉淀后以倾析的方式将水移出,再以去离子水冲洗沉淀物并以离心脱水即可得到含银离子的黏土;
将所得到的含银离子的黏土置于100毫升去离子水中,并加磁石搅拌;在室温下加入0.15g硼氢化钠,还原银离子,再以去离子水冲洗沉淀物,并以离心脱水即可得到含纳米银的黏土。
制备例2
本制备例与制备例1的不同之处在于,将硝酸银替换为硫酸银。
制备例3
本制备例与制备例1的不同之处在于,将硼氢化钠替换为柠檬酸钠。
实施例
实施例1-13
如表1所述,实施例1-13的主要区别在于TPU膜的原料配比不同。
以下以实施例1为例进行说明。本申请实施例公开了一种阻燃TPU复合面料,包括包括依次贴合在一起的外层聚丙烯无纺布、TPU膜和内层聚丙烯无纺布,且三者之间均通过PUR胶粘合固接在一起;PUR胶即湿气固化反应型聚氨酯热熔胶,其粘接性和韧性可调节,具有优异的粘接强度、耐温性、耐化学腐蚀和耐老化性,故通过PUR胶粘接的TPU复合材料具有优良的结构强度和较长的使用寿命;
其中TPU膜以TPU颗粒85Kg、含纳米银的黏土0.2Kg、2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯1Kg、抗氧剂1010 0.6Kg、抗氧剂168 0.6Kg、UV-3290.3Kg以及UV-622 0.3Kg为原料制备而成;含纳米银的黏土采用制备例1所得。
本申请实施例还公开了一种阻燃TPU复合面料的制备方法:包括以下步骤:
按配方称取TPU膜的原料并置于拌料机中,在加热温度为70℃,搅拌速度为160r/min的条件下,搅拌25min,使原料充分混合,形成混合料。
将混合料加入双螺杆挤出机进行挤出、冷却、切粒得到预混颗粒;其中前段温度为90-110℃,中段温度为140-150℃,后段温度为160-170℃,挤出口模的温度为110℃,螺杆的转速为200r/min。
将预混颗粒送入吹膜机进行吹胀牵引制成薄膜,然后风环冷却,收卷分切后得到TPU膜;其中吹胀比为2-3,牵引比为3-5,送料段温度设定在130-145℃,塑化段温度设定在160-180℃,模头温度设定为140℃.
将外层聚丙烯无纺布、TPU膜以及内层聚丙烯无纺布按照辊涂的方式,通过PUR胶粘合在一起,PUR胶为点状分布,且其用量为2.5g/m2。
表1实施例1-11中TPU膜中各原料配比
实施例14
本实施例与实施例13不同的是,含纳米银的黏土采用制备例2所得。
实施例15
本实施例与实施例13不同的是,含纳米银的黏土采用制备例3所得。
实施例16
本实施例与实施例13不同的是,制备方法中,搅拌机的加热温度为80℃,搅拌速度为180r/min,搅拌时间为20min;双螺杆挤出机的挤出口模的温度为130℃,螺杆的转速为150r/min。
对比例
对比例1
本对比例与实施例2不同之处在于,含纳米银的黏土加入量为0Kg。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例2不同之处在于,含纳米银的黏土加入量为5Kg。
对比例3
本实施例与实施例5不同之处在于,2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯的加入量为0Kg。
对比例4
本实施例与实施例5不同之处在于,2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯的加入量为5Kg。
性能检测试验
采用相同重量的由实施例1-16获得的TPU复合面料,采用与试验样相同重量的由对比例1-4获得的TPU复合面料作为对照样1-4。对试验样和对照样进行性能检测,结果如表2。
一、力学性能
力学性能试验在温度为25℃、湿度为50%的条件下进行的,试验如下;
根据IS09073-3-1989,对相应的试验样、对照样进行拉伸断裂强力测试,记录数据并分析,其中伸长速度为100mm/min。
根据GB8808-1988,对相应的试验样、对照样进行剥离强度试验,记录数据并分析,其中试验尺寸为A法,宽度15mm,长度200mm。
二、阻燃性能
根据GB/T5455-2014,对相应的试验样、对照样进行测试,记录数据并分析,其中试样按条件A准备(尺寸为300mm×89mm),在温度为10-30℃,相对湿度为30-80%的大气环境中进行试验。
三、耐老化性能
根据FZ/T01008-2008,对相应的试验样、对照样进行测试,记录数据并分析,其中试验按照方法B进行测试,通过计算每个试验的质量损失率,来确定抗氧化剂和光稳定剂对TPU复合面料耐老化性的影响。
表2性能检测数据表
参照表2,结合实施例2、4、5、6、7和对比例1和2,可以看出,随着含纳米银的黏土加入量的增加,纳米银可将燃烧中的树脂所产生的一氧化碳转化成二氧化碳,所产生的不可燃的二氧化碳将TPU复合面料包围,阻止其进一步燃烧,起到阻燃效果,故续然时间、阴燃时间和损毁长度均呈下降趋势,试验的阻燃性得到提高;当含纳米银的黏土的加入过量时,会导致试验的拉绳断裂强力和剥离强力下降。
参照表2,结合实施例5、8、9和对比例3和4,可以看出,2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯作为一种增韧剂,将其加入到TPU膜的配方中,提高了TPU膜的韧性,从而使得TPU复合面料的断裂强度和剥离强度不断提升,消除了随着阻燃剂等助剂的添加,TPU复合面料力学性能随之降低的问题;当2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯的加入量过多时,会导致TPU复合面料的阻燃性性能有所下降。
参照表2,结合实施例1-3,可以看出,适量TPU颗粒的加入对试样的力学性能有一定的提高作用;这是由于TPU颗粒本身具有优良的抗撕裂性和拉伸强度,且能保证组合物整体的力学性能。同时TPU颗粒的加入对试验的阻燃性能影响不大。
参照表2,结合实施例8、10和11,可以看出,抗氧剂1010与抗氧剂168并用时具有协同作用,且当两者比为1:2时,TPU复合面料的质量损失比最小,即TPU复合面料抗老化性能最优,从而有效地延长了TPU复合面料的使用期限。
参照表2,结合实施例10、12和13,可以看出,UV-329和UV-622作为光稳定剂具有吸收紫外线的作用,可以有效提高TPU复合面料的抗老化性,且在UV-329和UV-622的重量比为1:1.5时,两者对TPU复合面料的抗老化性达到最优,从而进一步延长了TPU复合面料的使用寿命。
参照表2,结合实施例13、14和15可以看出,在适当范围内改变制备例中的参数,得到的试样均具有优异的力学性能、阻燃性能和抗老化性。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本申请的解释,其并不是对本申请的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本申请的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (10)
1.一种阻燃TPU复合面料,其特征在于,包括依次贴合在一起的外层聚丙烯无纺布、TPU膜和内层聚丙烯无纺布,且三者之间均通过PUR胶粘合固接在一起;
所述TPU膜由包括以下重量份的原料制成:TPU颗粒85-95份、阻燃剂0.2-1.8份和增韧剂1-3份;
所述阻燃剂为含纳米银的黏土。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃TPU复合面料,其特征在于:所述含纳米银的黏土的制备方法如下:
将银盐、纳米黏土置于水中加热并搅拌均匀,静置沉淀后以倾析的方式将水移出,再以水冲洗沉淀物,并采用离心脱水方式即可得到含银离子的黏土;
将所述含银离子的黏土置于水中,搅拌均匀;加入还原剂,还原银离子,再以水冲洗沉淀物,并采用离心脱水的方式即可得到含纳米银的黏土。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃TPU复合面料,其特征在于:所述原料中还包括1.2重量份的抗氧剂,所述抗氧剂为抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168的混合物,且抗氧剂1010和抗氧剂168的重量比为1:(1-3)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃TPU复合面料,其特征在于:所述原料中还包括0.6重量份的光稳定剂,所述光稳定剂为UV-329和UV-622的混合物,且UV-329和UV-622的重量比为1:(1-2)。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃TPU复合面料,其特征在于:所述增韧剂为2,2,4-三甲基-1,3-戊二醇单异丁酸酯。
6.根据权利要求2所述的一种阻燃TPU复合面料,其特征在于:所述银盐为硝酸银、硫酸银中的一种。
7.根据权利要求2所述的一种阻燃TPU复合面料,其特征在于:所述还原剂为柠檬酸钠、硼氢化钠中的一种。
8.权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的阻燃TPU的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
将相应重量的原料进行混合,形成混合料;
将所述混合料进行挤出、冷却、切粒得到预混颗粒;
将所述预混颗粒进行塑化挤出,将塑化挤出料进行吹胀牵引成薄膜;
将所述外层聚丙烯无纺布、TPU薄膜以及内层聚丙烯无纺布按照辊涂的方式,通过PUR胶粘合在一起形成阻燃TPU复合面料。
9.根据权利要求8所述的一种阻燃TPU复合面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述原料混合时采用加热搅拌的方式,其中加热温度为70-80℃,搅拌速度为160-180r/min,搅拌时间为20-25min。
10.根据权利要求8所述的一种阻燃TPU复合面料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述塑化挤出采用双螺杆挤出机,所述双螺杆挤出机的转速为150-200r/min,所述双螺杆挤出机的料筒及挤出口模的温度为110-130℃。
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CN114709030A (zh) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-07-05 | 广东新亚光电缆股份有限公司 | 一种b1级线电缆制备方法 |
CN115852555A (zh) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-28 | 汕头市大江电子商务有限公司 | 环保抗菌地毯及其制备方法 |
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CN115852555A (zh) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-28 | 汕头市大江电子商务有限公司 | 环保抗菌地毯及其制备方法 |
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