CN113770711B - Bolt dismounting tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bolt dismounting tool, comprising: the bolt rotating mechanism comprises a first hydraulic pedestal, a first telescopic joint, a transmission rod, a bolt sleeve, a sleeve magnet, a motor and a torque sensor; the bolt clamping mechanism comprises a second hydraulic pedestal, a second telescopic joint, a compression bar, a screw groove, a groove magnet and an observation hole; an alignment monitoring mechanism comprising a third hydraulic mount, a third telescopic joint, a monitoring rod and a camera; the height adjusting mechanism comprises a fourth hydraulic pedestal, a fourth telescopic joint and a main rod; the hydraulic control system comprises a control box, a controller, a motor controller, a hydraulic controller and a hydraulic sensing wire; and a display screen. The invention can automatically or semi-automatically assemble and disassemble the bolt in a narrow space environment.

Description

Bolt dismounting tool

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of electromechanical installation, in particular to a bolt dismounting tool.

Background

In the narrow space environment, due to the fact that the operation space is small, a hand cannot extend into the to-be-connected piece to carry out assembly of the screw rod and screwing operation of the nut, and therefore the bolt cannot be assembled on the to-be-connected piece. For example, when the air pipe flange in the building is connected, the flange is positioned on the wall surface side or between two adjacent air pipe arrangements, when the bolts are assembled manually, hands cannot extend into the bolt holes of the flange, so that the screw cannot be assembled to the bolt holes, the screw cannot be screwed down by a spanner, and the corresponding flange has no serious defect of air leakage of the air pipe due to the fact that the screw is connected with the flange. In addition, when the bolt of the air conditioner water pipe and the bolt of the outdoor unit are connected to a narrow space such as a wall surface side, there is a case where the bolt cannot be manually connected, and thus the air conditioner has a defect in terms of use, life or safety. On some other pieces to be connected, there are also cases where the bolts cannot be manually connected because of a small space environment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a bolt dismounting tool so as to solve the problem that bolts cannot be assembled in a narrow space environment.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a bolt removing tool comprising:

the bolt rotating mechanism comprises a first hydraulic pedestal, a first telescopic joint which is arranged on the first hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the X direction, a transmission rod which is arranged on the first telescopic joint along the X direction, a bolt sleeve which is provided with sleeve magnets at the side part and/or the bottom, a motor which is arranged on the transmission rod and connected with the bolt sleeve through a motor shaft, and a torque sensor which is arranged on the motor;

the bolt clamping mechanism is arranged in parallel with the bolt rotating mechanism and comprises a second hydraulic pedestal, a second expansion joint which is arranged on the second hydraulic pedestal and stretches out and draws back along the X direction, a pressing rod which is arranged on the second expansion joint along the X direction, a screw groove which is matched with the specification of the bolt sleeve and corresponds to the screw groove in position, a groove magnet is arranged at the side part and/or the bottom of the screw groove, the screw groove is arranged opposite to the opening direction of the bolt sleeve, an observation hole which is communicated with the screw groove is arranged on the pressing rod, and the observation hole and the screw groove penetrate through the pressing rod and the center of the cross section is positioned on the same vertical central line;

The alignment monitoring mechanism comprises a third hydraulic pedestal, a third expansion joint which is arranged on the third hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the X direction, and a monitoring rod which is arranged on the third expansion joint along the X direction, wherein the third hydraulic pedestal, the third expansion joint and the monitoring rod are arranged above the bolt clamping mechanism, a camera is arranged below the monitoring rod, and the camera is aligned on the observation hole;

the height adjusting mechanism comprises a fourth hydraulic pedestal, a fourth expansion joint which is arranged on the fourth hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the Z direction, and a main rod which is arranged on the fourth expansion joint along the Z direction; the second hydraulic pedestal and the third hydraulic pedestal are vertically connected to the main rod; the height adjusting mechanism is directly connected or indirectly connected with the bolt rotating mechanism;

the control box is internally provided with a controller, the controller is connected with a motor controller and a hydraulic controller, the motor controller is connected with the motor, and the hydraulic controller is connected with the first hydraulic pedestal, the second hydraulic pedestal, the third hydraulic pedestal and the fourth hydraulic pedestal through hydraulic sensing lines; the moment sensor and the camera are connected with the controller;

The display screen is embedded on the control box or arranged outside the control box, and the display screen is connected with the controller.

Further, the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention further comprises:

the display adjusting mechanism comprises a fifth hydraulic pedestal arranged on the control box along the Y direction, the fifth hydraulic pedestal is connected with the hydraulic controller through a hydraulic sensing line, a fifth expansion joint arranged on the fifth hydraulic pedestal along the Y direction is connected with the display screen arranged outside the control box along the Y direction.

Further, the transmission rod is provided with the groove, the bolt sleeve is arranged in the groove, the motor is positioned below the transmission rod, and the motor shaft penetrates through the transmission rod and is connected with the bolt sleeve.

Further, according to the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention, the control box is connected with the manual operation panel, the manual operation panel is provided with the hydraulic control key and/or the operation lever, and the manual operation panel is provided with the motor control key.

Further, according to the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention, the height adjusting mechanism is indirectly connected with the bolt rotating mechanism through the control box.

Further, the bolt sleeve and the screw groove have the same cross-sectional shape and are compatible with various specification and size settings, and the depth of the bolt sleeve and the screw groove is greater than or equal to the height of the nut and/or the screw head.

Further, the bolt rotating mechanism, the bolt clamping mechanism and the alignment monitoring mechanism mirror-image exchange positions along the X direction.

Further, the alignment monitoring mechanism comprises a support arranged above the compression bar, the camera is positioned on a transverse frame of the support, and the support is used for replacing the third hydraulic pedestal, the third expansion joint and the monitoring bar.

Further, according to the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention, the height adjusting mechanism further comprises a sixth hydraulic pedestal which is directly or indirectly connected with the fourth hydraulic pedestal along the opposite direction, the sixth hydraulic pedestal is connected with the hydraulic controller through a hydraulic sensing line, a sixth expansion joint which is arranged on the sixth hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the Z direction, and a secondary rod which is arranged on the sixth expansion joint along the Z direction; the bolt rotation mechanism is vertically connected to the secondary rod through the first hydraulic mount.

Further, the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention further comprises:

the Y-direction adjusting mechanism is arranged on the bolt rotating mechanism and/or the height adjusting mechanism; the Y-direction adjusting mechanism comprises a seventh hydraulic pedestal, a seventh expansion joint which is arranged on the seventh hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the Y direction, a push rod which is arranged on the seventh expansion joint along the Y direction, and the seventh hydraulic pedestal is connected with the hydraulic controller through a hydraulic sensing line.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention, when the bolt is assembled, the screw rod in the bolt is filled on the bolt sleeve of the bolt rotating mechanism, so that the head of the screw rod is adsorbed by the sleeve magnet on the bolt sleeve and does not fall, the nut in the bolt is filled in the screw groove of the bolt clamping mechanism, and the nut is adsorbed by the groove magnet on the screw groove and does not fall; the hydraulic controller in the controller controls the bolt rotating mechanism, the bolt clamping mechanism and the alignment monitoring mechanism to synchronously stretch and retract to a hole area to be connected of the to-be-connected piece along the X direction through the hydraulic sensing wire, the camera monitors whether the positions of the nut and the screw rod are aligned on the hole to be connected along the axis through the observation hole of the bolt clamping mechanism, and the nut, the screw rod and the hole to be connected are aligned along the axis through controlling the bolt rotating mechanism, the bolt clamping mechanism and the alignment monitoring mechanism to synchronously stretch and retract along the X direction to adjust when the screw rod and the screw rod are not aligned; the motor is controlled to rotate through a motor controller in the controller, the motor drives the bolt sleeve and a screw rod in the bolt sleeve to rotate through a motor shaft, the whole bolt dismounting tool is controlled to push in the direction close to the to-be-connected piece through an external lifting platform, meanwhile, the height adjusting mechanism is controlled to push in the direction close to the to-be-connected piece through a hydraulic controller in the controller, the height adjusting mechanism keeps abutting contact on the to-be-connected piece, the screw rod penetrates through a to-be-connected hole of the to-be-connected piece to enable the screw rod to be in threaded connection with the screw rod, and assembly operation of the screw rod is achieved. The torque sensor is used for sensing the rotating torque of the bolt sleeve to the controller so as to judge whether the screw rod and the nut are screwed, the controller controls the motor to stop running through the motor controller when the screw rod and the nut are screwed, controls the height adjusting mechanism to push away from the direction of the to-be-connected piece along the Z direction through the hydraulic controller so as to separate the screw groove of the bolt clamping mechanism from the nut, namely, the nut is loosened, and controls the bolt dismounting tool to push away from the direction of the to-be-connected piece along the Z direction through the external lifting platform so as to separate the bolt sleeve of the bolt rotating mechanism from the screw rod, namely, the screw rod is loosened; the hydraulic controller is used for controlling the bolt rotating mechanism, the bolt clamping mechanism and the alignment monitoring mechanism to synchronously stretch along the X direction so as to be far away from the to-be-connected piece in the X direction, so that the bolt dismounting tool can be withdrawn.

According to the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention, the position of the hole to be connected on the piece to be connected is observed through the camera, the result is displayed on the display screen, the bolt and the nut are automatically aligned on the piece to be connected in the area of the piece to be connected by controlling the bolt rotating mechanism, the bolt clamping mechanism and the alignment monitoring mechanism to stretch into the narrow space environment, the motor is controlled to rotate through the motor controller, and the bolt and the nut are automatically assembled through dynamic control of the bolt rotating mechanism and the bolt clamping mechanism in the Z direction, so that the problem that the bolt cannot be assembled in the narrow space environment is solved.

According to the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention, whether the bolt is screwed down is sensed by the torque sensor, so that the defect that whether the bolt is screwed down or not is sensed by manpower when the bolt is screwed down manually is replaced, and the bolt dismounting tool has the advantage of good bolt connection effect.

According to the bolt dismounting tool provided by the invention, when the bolt is dismounted, the bolt rotating mechanism, the bolt clamping mechanism and the alignment monitoring mechanism are controlled by the hydraulic controller to synchronously stretch and retract along the X direction, the head of the nut or the screw rod is automatically positioned by the camera, the bolt clamping mechanism is driven to advance towards the direction close to the to-be-connected piece by the height adjusting mechanism in the Z direction, so that the screw groove of the bolt clamping mechanism is sleeved on the nut of the bolt or the head of the screw rod and is in sleeved connection, the whole bolt dismounting tool is controlled by the external lifting platform to advance towards the direction close to the to-be-connected piece in the Z direction, so that the bolt sleeve of the bolt rotating mechanism is sleeved on the head of the screw rod of the bolt or the nut, the motor is controlled by the motor controller to reversely rotate, and the whole bolt dismounting tool is controlled by the external lifting platform to advance away from the to-be-connected piece in the Z direction, and/or the screw rod or the nut on the screw rod is driven by the motor shaft to screw out from the nut or the screw rod of the bolt clamping mechanism, so that the dismounting operation of the bolt is realized. The hydraulic controller is used for controlling the bolt clamping mechanism to continuously push in the direction away from the to-be-connected piece along the Z direction, so that the bolt clamping mechanism is separated from the to-be-connected piece, a nut or a screw rod on the bolt clamping mechanism is adsorbed by a groove magnet and does not fall off, the external lifting platform is used for controlling the bolt dismounting tool to continuously push in the direction away from the to-be-connected piece along the Z direction, so that the bolt rotating mechanism is separated from the to-be-connected piece, the screw rod or the screw nut on the bolt rotating mechanism is adsorbed by a sleeve magnet and does not fall off, and the hydraulic controller is used for controlling the bolt rotating mechanism, the bolt clamping mechanism and the alignment monitoring mechanism to synchronously stretch out and draw back along the X direction so as to keep away from the to-be-connected piece along the X direction, and take out the dismantled screw rod and the nut. Through the dismantling operation to the bolt, can dismantle the bolt of waiting on the connecting piece in the narrow and small space environment and treat the corresponding equipment of connecting piece and maintain the operation.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic main structure of a bolt attaching/detaching tool according to the first embodiment;

fig. 2 is a schematic main structure of a bolt attaching/detaching tool of a second embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic main structure of a bolt attaching/detaching tool of a third embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic main structure of a bolt attaching/detaching tool of the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic main structure of a bolt attaching/detaching tool of a fifth embodiment;

fig. 6 to 7 are main structural schematic diagrams of a bolt attaching/detaching tool of a sixth embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic main body structure of a bolt attaching/detaching tool of a seventh embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an alignment monitor mechanism and a bolt clamping mechanism according to the eighth embodiment;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a main body of a bolt attaching/detaching tool of a ninth embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of an adjusting mechanism and a display screen;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the first telescopic joint and its hydraulic mount;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a construction of an embodiment of a bolt rotation mechanism;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a construction in which the depth of the bolt sleeve of the bolt rotation mechanism is greater than the height of the threaded rod therein;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a construction in which the depth of the bolt sleeve of the bolt rotation mechanism is greater than the height of the nut therein;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a structure in which the depth of the bolt sleeve of the bolt rotation mechanism is equal to the height of the threaded rod therein;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of the structure of the bolt sleeve of the bolt rotation mechanism having a depth equal to the height of the nut therein;

FIG. 18 is a block schematic diagram of a control system within a control box;

the figure shows:

100. a bolt dismounting tool;

110. the hydraulic device comprises a bolt rotating mechanism, 111, a first hydraulic pedestal, 112, a first telescopic joint, 1121, an upright hydraulic cylinder, 1122, a scissor type hydraulic telescopic frame, 1123, a lifting disk, 1124, an outer package soft joint, 113, a transmission rod, 1131, a groove, 114, a motor, 115, a motor shaft, 116, a bolt sleeve, 117, a sleeve magnet, 118, a torque sensor, 119 and a rubber pad;

120. the device comprises a bolt clamping mechanism 121, a second hydraulic pedestal 122, a second telescopic joint 123, a compression bar 124, a screw groove 125, an observation hole 126 and a groove magnet;

130. the alignment monitoring mechanism, 131, the third hydraulic pedestal, 132, the third telescopic joint, 133, the monitoring rod, 134, the camera, 135, the bracket, 136, the display screen, 137 and the illuminating lamp;

140. a height adjusting mechanism 141, a fourth hydraulic pedestal 142, a fourth telescopic joint 143, a main rod 144, a sixth hydraulic pedestal 145, a sixth telescopic joint 146, a secondary rod;

150. Display adjustment mechanism 151, fifth hydraulic mount, 152, fifth telescopic joint;

160. control box 161, controller 162, motor controller 163, hydraulic controller 164, hydraulic pressure sensing wire 165, manual operation panel;

170. a Y-direction adjusting mechanism 171, a seventh hydraulic pedestal 172, a seventh telescopic joint 173 and a push rod;

201. a screw, 202, nut;

300. to-be-connected pieces 301 and to-be-connected holes.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures: the advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, 11-12, and 14-18, a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may include:

the bolt rotating mechanism 110 comprises a first hydraulic pedestal 111, a first telescopic joint 112 which is arranged on the first hydraulic pedestal 111 and stretches out and draws back along the X direction, a transmission rod 113 which is arranged on the first telescopic joint 112 along the X direction, a bolt sleeve 116 which is provided with a sleeve magnet 117 at the side part and/or the bottom of the bolt sleeve 116, a motor 114 which is provided with a motor 114 on the transmission rod 113, the motor 114 is connected with the bolt sleeve 116 through a motor shaft 115, the motor 114 drives the bolt sleeve 116 to rotate through the motor shaft 115, and a torque sensor 118 is provided on the motor 114. Wherein the motor 114 may be a variable frequency motor to rotate at a small speed when initially screwing in or unscrewing, avoiding the situation that the screw 201 or the nut 202 of the bolt is knocked off. The motor 114 may be disposed on the upper surface of the transmission rod 113, which has the advantage of being convenient for replacing the bolt sleeves 116 with different specifications and sizes, so as to be suitable for the disassembling and assembling operations of bolts with different specifications and sizes.

The bolt clamping mechanism 120 is arranged in parallel with the bolt rotating mechanism 110, and comprises a second hydraulic pedestal 121, a second telescopic joint 122 which is arranged on the second hydraulic pedestal 121 and stretches out and draws back along the X direction, a pressing rod 123 which is arranged on the second telescopic joint 122 along the X direction, a screw groove 124 which is matched with the specification of the bolt sleeve 116 and corresponds to the position of the bolt sleeve, a groove magnet 126 is arranged on the side part and/or the bottom of the screw groove 124, the screw groove 124 is arranged opposite to the opening direction of the bolt sleeve 116, an observation hole 125 which is communicated with the screw groove 124 is arranged on the pressing rod 123, and the observation hole 125 and the screw groove 124 penetrate through the pressing rod 123 and the center of the cross section is positioned on the same vertical central line. In order to allow the shank of the screw 201 to be tightened by threading the nut 202 out of the screw 201 when the shank is long, the diameter of the observation hole 125 or inscribed circle is larger than the shank diameter of the screw 201. For example, when the observation hole 125 is a circular hole, the diameter of the observation hole 125 is larger than the diameter of the shaft portion of the screw 201, and when the observation hole 126 is a regular polygon, the inscribed circle diameter of the observation hole 125 is larger than the diameter of the shaft portion of the screw 201. Wherein the sleeve magnet 117 and the slot magnet 126 may be permanent magnets or electromagnets 117; in the case of an electromagnet 117, the coil of the electromagnet 117 is connected to the controller 161.

The alignment monitoring mechanism 130 comprises a third hydraulic pedestal 131, a third telescopic joint 132 which is arranged on the third hydraulic pedestal 131 and stretches out and draws back along the X direction, a monitoring rod 133 which is arranged on the third telescopic joint 132 along the X direction, the third hydraulic pedestal 131, the third telescopic joint 132 and the monitoring rod 133 are arranged above the bolt clamping mechanism 120, a camera 134 is arranged below the monitoring rod 133, and the camera 134 is aligned on the observation hole 125. In order to enable the camera to clearly monitor the image information, the monitor rod 133 may be provided with an illumination lamp 137, so as to avoid that the clear image information cannot be monitored in a narrow space environment due to weak light, and the alignment operation cannot be completed.

A height adjusting mechanism 140 including a fourth hydraulic mount 141, a fourth telescopic joint 142 provided on the fourth hydraulic mount 141 to be telescopic in the Z direction, and a main lever 143 provided on the fourth telescopic joint 142 in the Z direction; the second hydraulic pedestal 121 and the third hydraulic pedestal 131 are vertically connected to the main rod 143; the height adjusting mechanism 140 is directly or indirectly connected to the bolt rotating mechanism 110. Wherein the second hydraulic mount 121 may be detachably connected to said main rod 143 for adjusting the distance of the bolt clamping mechanism 120 relative to the bolt rotation mechanism 110 according to the length of the threaded rod 201.

A control box 160, wherein a controller 161 is arranged in the control box 160, the controller 161 is connected with a motor controller 162 and a hydraulic controller 163, the motor controller 162 is connected with the motor 114, and the hydraulic controller 163 is connected with the first hydraulic pedestal 111, the second hydraulic pedestal 121, the third hydraulic pedestal 131 and the fourth hydraulic pedestal 141 through hydraulic sensing lines 164; the torque sensor 118 and the camera 134 are connected to the controller 161. Wherein both the hydraulic controller 163 and the motor controller 162 are well known in the art and the related art will not be specifically described herein.

The display screen 136 is embedded on the control box 160 or arranged outside the control box 160, and the display screen 136 is connected with the controller 161. The display 136 is used to display image information monitored by the camera 134. Wherein fig. 1 illustrates an example in which the display 136 is embedded in the control box 160.

Referring to fig. 11, in order to avoid the situation that the display screen 136 is blocked by the position limitation of the control box 160 when the display screen 136 is embedded in the control box 160, the display screen 136 may be disposed outside the control box 160, and the bolt disassembling tool 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention may further include:

The display adjustment mechanism 150 includes a fifth hydraulic mount 151 provided on the control box 160 in the Y direction, the fifth hydraulic mount 151 being connected to the hydraulic controller 163 through a hydraulic pressure sensing line 164, a fifth telescopic joint 152 provided on the fifth hydraulic mount 151 in the Y direction, the fifth telescopic joint 152 being connected to the display screen 136 provided outside the control box 160 in the Y direction. The hydraulic controller 163 controls the expansion and contraction of the fifth telescopic joint 152 via the hydraulic pressure sensing line 164 and the fifth hydraulic mount 151 so that the display screen 136 can be adjusted in the Y direction so as to observe the image information monitored by the camera 134.

Referring to fig. 12, in the bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the first expansion joint 112 includes an upright hydraulic cylinder 1121, a scissor type hydraulic expansion frame 1122, a lifting plate 1123, and an outer packing flexible joint 1124, wherein the lifting plate 1123 is connected to one end of the upright hydraulic cylinder 1121 on the same side as the scissor type hydraulic expansion frame 1122, and the outer packing flexible joint 1124 is sleeved outside the upright hydraulic cylinder 1121 and the scissor type hydraulic expansion frame 1122. Wherein the lifting disk 1123 is connected to the drive rod 113 and the other identical side of the upright hydraulic ram 1121 and the scissor jack 1122 is connected to the first hydraulic mount 111. The hybrid design of the upright hydraulic ram 1121 and the scissor jack 1122 can improve the reliability and stability of the first telescopic joint 112 after telescoping. Wherein the outer package is flexibly connected 1124 for safety and protection against injury to a person or object. Wherein the first expansion joint 112, the second expansion joint 122, the third expansion joint 132, the fourth expansion joint 142 and the fifth expansion joint 152 may have the same structure. Wherein the overwrap flexible joint 1124 may be a bellows or canvas for safety.

Referring to fig. 1, 12 and 18, the principle of controlling the expansion and contraction of the bolt rotating mechanism 110, the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 in the X direction is the same, and only the bolt rotating mechanism 110 will be described as an example. The controller 161 in the control box 160 controls the hydraulic controller 163 to control the hydraulic pressure amount in the first hydraulic mount 111 through the hydraulic pressure sensing line 164 so that the first telescopic joint 112 composed of the upright hydraulic cylinder 1121, the scissor type hydraulic telescopic frame 1122, the lifting disk 1123 and the outer packing soft joint 1124 is telescopic, so that the transmission rod 113 is driven to perform telescopic movement through telescopic movement of the first telescopic joint 112, and the bolt sleeve 116 thereon is driven to perform position adjustment in the X direction through the transmission rod 113. The telescoping control principle of the height adjusting mechanism 140 is the same as that of the bolt rotating mechanism 110, except that the height adjusting mechanism 140 is adjusted in the Z direction. And will not be described in detail herein.

Referring to fig. 1, in order to enable the bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100 to realize semi-automatic control, in the bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the control box 160 is connected with a manual operation panel 165, a hydraulic control key and/or an operation lever are provided on the manual operation panel 165, and a motor control key is provided on the manual operation panel 165. Wherein the manual operation pad 165 is well known in the art and is not specifically described herein. For example: the hydraulic control keys and/or levers may be set to three speeds, fast, slow and fine. The motor control key may be various physical keys, such as an operation key, a stop key, a forward/reverse rotation key, and a speed control key, control levers, etc., connected to the controller 161. The automatic mode of the bolt dismounting tool 100 for bolt dismounting can be switched to a semiautomatic mode by corresponding keys and operation levers on the manual operation panel 165, namely, semiautomatic control of the screw 201 and the nut 202 penetrating through the hole 301 to be connected and being arranged on the piece 300 to be connected is realized by corresponding keys and operation levers on the manual operation panel 165. The display screen 136 displays the image information monitored by the camera 134 to finish the axial alignment of the screw 201 and the nut 202 in the hole 301 to be connected.

Referring to fig. 1, in order to integrate the bolt rotating mechanism 110 with the bolt clamping mechanism 120, to facilitate the overall position adjustment operation of the bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, in the bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the height adjusting mechanism 140 and the bolt rotating mechanism 110 may be indirectly connected through the control box 160. Of course, in the case where the condition is satisfied, the connection may be made indirectly through other members.

Referring to fig. 1, in order to improve compatibility, the cross-sectional shapes of the bolt sleeve 116 and the screw groove 124 are the same and compatible with various specifications and dimensions. The cross-sectional shape of a single specification may be two or more types, including the present number. For example: providing the cross-sectional shape of the hexagonal bolt with three specifications.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 14 to fig. 17, in order to avoid the situation that the nut 202 or the screw 201 is knocked off during rotation, in the bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the depth D of the bolt sleeve 116 and the screw groove 124 may be greater than or equal to the height H of the nut 202 and/or the head of the screw 201.

In the bolt disassembling tool 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the bolt is assembled, the screw 201 in the bolt is filled on the bolt sleeve 116 of the bolt rotating mechanism 110, the head of the screw 201 is adsorbed by the magnet 117 on the bolt sleeve 116 and does not fall, the nut 202 in the bolt is filled in the screw groove 124 of the bolt clamping mechanism 120, and the nut 202 is adsorbed by the magnet 117 on the screw groove 124 and does not fall; the hydraulic controller 163 in the controller 161 controls the bolt rotating mechanism 110, the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 to synchronously stretch and retract to the region of the hole 301 to be connected of the piece 300 along the X direction through the hydraulic sensing wire 164, the camera 134 is used for monitoring whether the positions of the nut 202 and the screw 201 are aligned on the hole 301 to be connected along the axle center through the observation hole 125 of the bolt clamping mechanism 120, and the bolt rotating mechanism 110, the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 are controlled to synchronously stretch and retract along the X direction to adjust when the positions of the nut 202, the screw 201 and the hole 301 to be connected are misaligned along the axle center; the motor 114 is controlled to rotate by the motor controller 162 in the controller 161, then the motor 114 drives the bolt sleeve 116 and the screw 201 therein to rotate by the motor shaft 115, the whole bolt dismounting tool is controlled to push along the Z direction towards the direction close to the to-be-connected piece 300 by the external lifting platform, meanwhile, the height adjusting mechanism 140 is controlled to push along the Z direction towards the direction close to the to-be-connected piece 300 by the hydraulic controller 163 in the controller 161 to keep abutting contact on the to-be-connected piece 300, so that the screw 201 passes through the to-be-connected hole 301 of the to-be-connected piece 300 to connect the screw 201 on the nut 202 in a threaded manner, and the assembly operation of the bolt is realized. The torque sensor 118 senses the rotation torque of the bolt sleeve 116 to the controller 161 so as to judge whether the screw 201 and the nut 202 are screwed, the controller 161 controls the motor 114 to stop running through the motor controller 162 when the screw is screwed, the hydraulic controller 163 controls the height adjusting mechanism 140 to push along the direction away from the to-be-connected piece 300 along the Z direction so as to separate the screw groove 124 of the bolt clamping mechanism 120 from the nut 202, namely, the nut 202 is loosened, and the external lifting platform controls the whole bolt dismounting tool to push along the direction away from the to-be-connected piece 300 along the Z direction so as to separate the bolt sleeve 116 of the bolt rotating mechanism 110 from the screw 201, namely, the screw 201 is loosened; the screw rotating mechanism 110, the screw clamping mechanism 120, and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 are controlled by the hydraulic controller 163 to be synchronously telescopic in the X direction to be away from the to-be-connected member 300 in the X direction to withdraw the screw attaching and detaching tool.

According to the bolt disassembling tool 100 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the position of the hole 301 to be connected on the to-be-connected piece 300 is observed through the camera 134, the result is displayed on the display screen 136, the bolt 201 and the nut 202 of the bolt are automatically aligned on the to-be-connected piece 300 in the area of the to-be-connected piece 300 by controlling the telescopic extension of the bolt rotating mechanism 110, the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 into the narrow space environment, the rotation of the motor 114 is controlled through the motor controller 162, and the automatic assembly of the bolt 201 and the nut 202 of the bolt is realized by dynamically controlling the bolt rotating mechanism 110 and the bolt clamping mechanism 120 in the Z direction, so that the problem that the bolt cannot be assembled in the narrow space environment is solved.

The bolt disassembling tool 100 provided by the first embodiment of the invention senses whether the bolt is screwed down or not through the torque sensor 118, replaces the defect that whether the bolt is screwed down or not is sensed by manpower when the bolt is screwed down manually, and has the advantage of good bolt connecting effect.

In the bolt disassembling tool 100 provided by the first embodiment of the invention, when the bolt is disassembled, the hydraulic controller 163 controls the bolt rotating mechanism 110, the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 to synchronously stretch and retract along the X direction, the camera 134 is used for automatically positioning the head of the nut 202 or the screw 201, the height adjusting mechanism 140 is used for driving the bolt clamping mechanism 120 to push towards the direction close to the to-be-connected piece 300, the screw groove 124 of the bolt clamping mechanism 120 is sleeved on the head of the nut 202 or the screw 201 of the bolt and keeps the sleeved relation, the external lifting platform is used for controlling the whole of the bolt disassembling tool to push towards the direction close to the to-be-connected piece 300 along the Z direction, the motor 114 is used for driving the bolt sleeve 116 of the bolt rotating mechanism 110 to sleeve on the head of the screw 201 or the nut 202 of the bolt, then the motor controller 162 is used for controlling the motor 114 to reversely rotate, the external lifting platform is used for controlling the whole of the bolt disassembling tool to push away from the to-be-connected piece 300 along the Z direction, and/or the hydraulic controller 163 is used for controlling the bolt clamping mechanism 120 to push away from the to be-connected piece 300 along the Z direction, and the motor 114 is driven by the motor 115 to push away from the screw 201 or the screw sleeve 116 on the motor 202 along the direction away from the direction to the to be-connected piece 300 along the Z direction, so that the bolt is disassembled from the nut 201 or the bolt is disassembled. The hydraulic controller 163 controls the bolt clamping mechanism 120 to continuously push in the Z direction away from the to-be-connected piece 300, so that the bolt clamping mechanism 120 is separated from the to-be-connected piece 300, the nut 202 or the screw 201 on the bolt clamping mechanism 120 is adsorbed by the groove magnet 126 and does not fall, the whole external lifting platform controls the bolt dismounting tool to continuously push in the Z direction away from the to-be-connected piece 300, so that the bolt rotating mechanism 110 is separated from the to-be-connected piece 300, the screw 201 or the nut 202 on the bolt rotating mechanism 110 is adsorbed by the sleeve magnet 117 and does not fall, and the hydraulic controller 163 controls the bolt rotating mechanism 110, the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 to synchronously stretch in the X direction so as to be away from the to-be-connected piece 300 in the X direction, and the removed screw 201 and the nut 202 are taken out. Through the dismantling operation of the bolts, the bolts on the to-be-connected piece 300 in the narrow space environment can be dismantled to maintain the corresponding equipment of the to-be-connected piece 300.

In the bolt disassembling tool 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present invention, during assembling the bolt, the nut 202 is required to be filled in the screw groove 124 of the bolt clamping mechanism 120, so that the alignment positioning is performed by the camera 134, and during disassembling the bolt, the screw 201 or the nut 202 is not limited in the screw groove 124 of the bolt clamping mechanism 120, so that the disassembling operation of the bolt is more convenient to complete.

The bolt disassembling tool 100 provided by the first embodiment of the invention is suitable for the situation that the air duct flange in a building is positioned on the wall surface side or is positioned between two adjacent air duct arrangements, and the manual assembly of bolts cannot be performed, and is also suitable for the situation that the bolts of the air conditioner water pipes and the bolts of the outdoor unit are connected on the wall surface side and other narrow spaces, and the bolts cannot be manually connected. And the device is also applicable to the conventional bolt connection condition, so that labor is saved, and the assembly efficiency is improved. The location where the duct flange waits for the connector 300 to be located on the wall side is also referred to as the inside corner.

Example two

Referring to fig. 2, 11-12 and 14-18, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, which is an improvement on the basis of the first embodiment, and is characterized in that a motor 114 is disposed on the lower surface of a transmission rod 113, a motor shaft 115 is disposed through the transmission rod 113, and a bolt sleeve 116 is still disposed above the transmission rod 113. The advantage of this is that the height of the bolt sleeve 116 is reduced and the stability of the bolt sleeve 116 in rotation is improved.

Example III

Referring to fig. 3, 11-12 and 14-18, a third embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, which is an improvement on the basis of the second embodiment, and is characterized in that a groove 1131 is provided on the transmission rod 113, and the bolt sleeve 116 is provided in the groove 1131. The bolt sleeve 116 is disposed in the groove 1131, so that the bolt sleeve 116 is limited in the groove 1131 when the bolt sleeve 116 is separated, and potential safety hazards caused by the separation and the flying-out of the bolt sleeve 116 when the bolt sleeve 116 rotates can be prevented.

Referring to fig. 13, the sleeve magnet 117 may be disposed on the transmission rod 113 and directly below the bolt sleeve 116, and has weak magnetic strength and poor adsorption capacity compared to the sleeve magnet 117 disposed on the side and/or bottom of the bolt sleeve 116. In order to avoid electromagnetic interference, a rubber pad 119 is disposed between the motor shaft 115 and the sleeve magnet 117, and the rubber pad 119 has an insulating effect, so that the motor 114 is prevented from being leaked and transmitted to the transmission rod 113.

Example IV

Referring to fig. 4, 11 to 12, and 14 to 18, in order to avoid the interference of the control box 160 in the semi-automatic mode during the overall adjustment of the position and to prevent the inconvenience of the manual operation panel 165 in the semi-automatic mode control, the fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, which is an improvement on the basis of the third embodiment, wherein the control box 160 is disposed outside, and the bolt rotating mechanism 110 and the height adjusting mechanism 140 are directly or indirectly connected, for the purpose of integrating the bolt rotating mechanism 110 with the bolt clamping mechanism 120, the alignment monitoring mechanism 130, and the height adjusting mechanism 140. That is, the fourth embodiment has an advantage of facilitating semi-automatic control in a semi-automatic mode.

Example five

Referring to fig. 5, 11 to 12, and 14 to 18, a fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, which is an improvement on the fourth embodiment, wherein the height adjusting mechanism 140 further comprises a sixth hydraulic base 145 directly or indirectly connected to the fourth hydraulic base 141 in the opposite direction, the sixth hydraulic base 145 is connected to the hydraulic controller 163 through a hydraulic pressure sensing line 164, a sixth expansion joint 145 extending and contracting in the Z direction is provided on the sixth hydraulic base 145, and a sub-rod 146 provided on the sixth expansion joint 145 in the Z direction; the bolt rotation mechanism 110 is vertically connected to the secondary lever 146 via the first hydraulic mount 111. Wherein the structure of sixth expansion joint 145 may be the same as the structure of first expansion joint 112. The hydraulic control device 163 controls the sixth hydraulic pedestal 145, the sixth expansion joint 145 and the secondary rod 146 in the height adjusting mechanism 140 to drive the bolt rotating mechanism 110 to dynamically adjust in the Z direction when the bolt rotating mechanism 110 rotates, so that the screw 201 penetrates into the hole 301 to be connected of the to-be-connected piece 300 and is in threaded connection with the nut 202 on the bolt clamping mechanism 120, the bolt is assembled, and when the bolt is removed, the height adjusting mechanism 140 is used for dynamically controlling the bolt rotating mechanism 110 to enable the bolt rotating mechanism 110 to approach or separate from the to-be-connected piece 300, and the bolt removing operation is realized. An advantage of this sixth embodiment is that the bolt rotation mechanism 110 is dynamically controlled without the aid of an external lifting platform.

Example six

Referring to fig. 6 to 7, 11 to 12, and 14 to 18, in order to implement the adjustment in the Y direction without the aid of the translation operation of the external lifting platform in the Y direction, thereby implementing the alignment of the screw 201 and the nut 202 with the hole 301 to be connected in the Y direction, a sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, which is an improvement on the basis of the fifth embodiment, and is characterized in that a Y-direction adjusting mechanism 170 is provided on the bolt rotating mechanism 110 and/or the height adjusting mechanism 140, and includes a seventh hydraulic pedestal 171, a seventh expansion joint 172 extending and contracting in the Y direction provided on the seventh hydraulic pedestal 171, and a push rod 173 provided on the seventh expansion joint 172 in the Y direction, and the seventh hydraulic pedestal 171 is connected with the hydraulic controller 163 through a hydraulic sensor line 164. The structure of the seventh telescopic joint 173 may be the same as that of the first telescopic joint 112. The telescoping control principle of the Y-direction adjusting mechanism 170 is the same as that of the bolt rotating mechanism 110, except that the Y-direction adjusting mechanism is telescoping in the Y-direction. Through the arrangement of the Y-direction adjusting mechanism 170, after the screw 201 and the nut 202 are aligned with the hole 301 to be connected in the X direction, the screw 201 and the nut 202 can be aligned with the hole 301 to be connected in the Y direction through the Y-direction adjusting mechanism 170, so that the screw 201 and the nut 202 are positioned on the same axis with the hole 301 to be connected. When the Y-direction adjustment is performed by an external machine, the Y-direction adjustment mechanism 170 may be only the push rod 173. The sixth advantage of the present embodiment is that the bolt assembly and disassembly tool 100 can be controlled integrally to achieve X, Y, Z direction adjustment.

Example seven

Referring to fig. 8, 11-12, and 14-18, a seventh embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, which is an improvement on any one of the first to sixth embodiments, wherein the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 includes a bracket 135 disposed above the pressing rod 123, the camera 134 is disposed on a transverse frame of the bracket 135, and the bracket 135 is used to replace the third hydraulic pedestal 131, the third expansion joint 132, and the monitoring rod 133. The illumination lamp 137 may be disposed on the bracket 135 (not shown), and the illumination lamp 137 may be supplied with power in the same manner as the power supply of the above embodiment, that is, may be separately supplied with power, or may be connected to the controller 161. The telescopic control device has the advantages that the structure of the support 135 is simple, the support 135 can keep synchronous telescopic with the bolt clamping mechanism 120 without telescopic control, namely, the bolt clamping mechanism 120 is telescopic controlled, and the support 135 can be driven to synchronously adjust in the X direction, so that the telescopic control device has the advantages of simple structure and convenience in control.

Example eight

Referring to fig. 9, 11-12, and 14-18, in order to achieve the effects of simple structure and convenient control, an eighth embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, which is an improvement on the basis of the seventh embodiment, and is different in that the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 thereon are mirror-image interchanged in the X direction with respect to the to-be-connected member 300.

Example nine

Referring to fig. 10 to 12 and 14 to 18, a ninth embodiment of the present invention provides a bolt assembling and disassembling tool 100, which is an improvement of the first to seventh embodiments, wherein the bolt rotating mechanism 110, the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 are mirror-exchanged in position along the X direction. That is, the bolt rotation mechanism is mirrored in the X-direction and then is disposed on the main lever 143 of the height adjustment mechanism 140, and the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 are mirrored in the X-direction and then are disposed on the control box 160. The adjustment of the bolt rotation mechanism 100 in the Z direction may be performed by the height adjustment mechanism 140 or may be performed in addition to the external lift platform. Whereas the overall adjustment of the bolt clamping mechanism 120 and the alignment monitoring mechanism 130 in the Z-direction needs to be accomplished by means of an external lifting platform.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but rather, the above-described embodiments are merely examples of some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which are obtained by a person skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the invention, fall within the scope of protection of the invention. Other levels of modification and variation to the present invention may occur to those skilled in the art. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A bolt assembly and disassembly tool, comprising:

the bolt rotating mechanism comprises a first hydraulic pedestal, a first telescopic joint which is arranged on the first hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the X direction, a transmission rod which is arranged on the first telescopic joint along the X direction, a bolt sleeve which is provided with sleeve magnets at the side part and/or the bottom, a motor which is arranged on the transmission rod and connected with the bolt sleeve through a motor shaft, and a torque sensor which is arranged on the motor;

the bolt clamping mechanism is arranged in parallel with the bolt rotating mechanism and comprises a second hydraulic pedestal, a second expansion joint which is arranged on the second hydraulic pedestal and stretches out and draws back along the X direction, a pressing rod which is arranged on the second expansion joint along the X direction, a screw groove which is matched with the specification of the bolt sleeve and corresponds to the screw groove in position, a groove magnet is arranged at the side part and/or the bottom of the screw groove, the screw groove is arranged opposite to the opening direction of the bolt sleeve, an observation hole which is communicated with the screw groove is arranged on the pressing rod, and the observation hole and the screw groove penetrate through the pressing rod and the center of the cross section is positioned on the same vertical central line;

The alignment monitoring mechanism comprises a third hydraulic pedestal, a third expansion joint which is arranged on the third hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the X direction, and a monitoring rod which is arranged on the third expansion joint along the X direction, wherein the third hydraulic pedestal, the third expansion joint and the monitoring rod are arranged above the bolt clamping mechanism, a camera is arranged below the monitoring rod, and the camera is aligned on the observation hole;

the height adjusting mechanism comprises a fourth hydraulic pedestal, a fourth expansion joint which is arranged on the fourth hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the Z direction, and a main rod which is arranged on the fourth expansion joint along the Z direction; the second hydraulic pedestal and the third hydraulic pedestal are vertically connected to the main rod; the height adjusting mechanism is directly connected or indirectly connected with the bolt rotating mechanism;

the control box is internally provided with a controller, the controller is connected with a motor controller and a hydraulic controller, the motor controller is connected with the motor, and the hydraulic controller is connected with the first hydraulic pedestal, the second hydraulic pedestal, the third hydraulic pedestal and the fourth hydraulic pedestal through hydraulic sensing lines; the moment sensor and the camera are connected with the controller;

The display screen is embedded on the control box or arranged outside the control box, and the display screen is connected with the controller.

2. The bolt-removing tool according to claim 1, further comprising:

the display adjusting mechanism comprises a fifth hydraulic pedestal arranged on the control box along the Y direction, the fifth hydraulic pedestal is connected with the hydraulic controller through a hydraulic sensing line, a fifth expansion joint is arranged on the fifth hydraulic pedestal along the Y direction, the fifth expansion joint is connected with a display screen arranged outside the control box along the Y direction, and the fifth expansion joint and the first expansion joint have the same structure.

3. The bolt dismounting tool of claim 1, wherein a groove is formed in the transmission rod, the bolt sleeve is arranged in the groove, the motor is located below the transmission rod, and the motor shaft penetrates through the transmission rod to be connected with the bolt sleeve.

4. The bolt dismounting tool of claim 1, wherein the control box is connected with a manual operation panel, a hydraulic control key and/or an operation lever are arranged on the manual operation panel, and a motor control key is arranged on the manual operation panel.

5. The bolt removing tool according to claim 1, wherein the height adjusting mechanism is indirectly connected to the bolt rotating mechanism through the control box.

6. The bolt assembly and disassembly tool according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shapes of the bolt sleeve and the screw groove are the same and compatible with a plurality of specification and size settings, and the depth of the bolt sleeve and the screw groove is greater than or equal to the height of the nut and/or the screw head.

7. The bolt removing tool according to claim 1, wherein the bolt rotating mechanism exchanges positions with the bolt clamping mechanism and the alignment monitoring mechanism in mirror images in the X-direction.

8. The bolt assembly and disassembly tool of claim 1, wherein the alignment monitoring mechanism includes a bracket disposed above the compression bar, the camera being located on a lateral shelf of the bracket, the bracket being used to replace the third hydraulic mount, third telescopic joint, and monitor rod.

9. The bolt assembling and disassembling tool according to claim 1, wherein the height adjusting mechanism further includes a sixth hydraulic mount directly or indirectly connected to the fourth hydraulic mount in an opposite direction, the sixth hydraulic mount being connected to the hydraulic controller through a hydraulic pressure sensing line, a sixth expansion joint provided on the sixth hydraulic mount to expand and contract in a Z direction, a sub-lever provided on the sixth expansion joint in the Z direction; the bolt rotation mechanism is vertically connected to the secondary rod through the first hydraulic mount.

10. The bolt-removing tool according to claim 9, further comprising:

the Y-direction adjusting mechanism is arranged on the bolt rotating mechanism and/or the height adjusting mechanism; the Y-direction adjusting mechanism comprises a seventh hydraulic pedestal, a seventh expansion joint which is arranged on the seventh hydraulic pedestal and stretches along the Y direction, a push rod which is arranged on the seventh expansion joint along the Y direction, and the seventh hydraulic pedestal is connected with the hydraulic controller through a hydraulic sensing line.