CN113768034A - Method for converting kitchen waste into organic feed by using organisms - Google Patents
Method for converting kitchen waste into organic feed by using organisms Download PDFInfo
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- CN113768034A CN113768034A CN202111063643.7A CN202111063643A CN113768034A CN 113768034 A CN113768034 A CN 113768034A CN 202111063643 A CN202111063643 A CN 202111063643A CN 113768034 A CN113768034 A CN 113768034A
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- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002781 deodorant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 butts Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000193385 Geobacillus stearothermophilus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193744 Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000209082 Lolium Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000209046 Pennisetum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019624 protein content Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000015696 Portulacaria afra Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000177175 Typha elephantina Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000018747 Typha elephantina Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for converting kitchen waste into organic feed by using organisms, and particularly relates to the field of biological organic feed. The method comprises the steps of pretreatment of the kitchen waste, crushing and reprocessing of the kitchen waste, mixing, enzymolysis and post-treatment. According to the invention, the kitchen waste is soaked and cleaned, so that the salt content in the kitchen waste is reduced, and the kitchen waste is used as a main raw material to prepare the biological organic feed, so that the harmless treatment and resource recycling of the kitchen waste can be realized; the odor problem in the kitchen waste fermentation process can be solved by adding the deodorant, the protein content in the biological organic feed can be enriched by adding the high-protein plants subsequently, then the biological fermentation is carried out by using the biological fermentation bacteria, the obtained biological organic feed has a good effect on the growth of the meat quality of animals, and all the components adopted by the invention belong to common components in the nature, so that the secondary damage to the environment can not be caused.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological organic feed, in particular to a method for converting kitchen waste into organic feed by using organisms.
Background
The kitchen waste refers to waste generated in daily life and food processing, food service, unit catering and other activities of residents, and comprises abandoned vegetable leaves, leftovers, fruit peels, egg shells, tea leaves, bones and the like, and the main sources of the kitchen waste are household kitchens, restaurants, dining halls, markets and other industries related to food processing.
Illegal collection and recycling of kitchen waste can pose a threat to the environment and the health of residents. The kitchen waste contains extremely high moisture and organic matters, is easy to rot and generates stink. When the kitchen waste is treated, the kitchen waste is mainly buried on the spot, and can be decomposed by microorganisms in the nature due to organic substances, but the kitchen waste is not treated, so that the kitchen waste is rotten and smelly in the decomposition process, and meanwhile, vectors such as mosquitoes, flies, insects, cockroaches and the like are bred, so that the environment is polluted, and the sanitation is influenced.
The existing treatment mode of the kitchen waste is too single, and the harmless treatment and resource recycling of the kitchen waste are restricted. At present, some patents for preparing organic fertilizers by using kitchen garbage exist, but on one hand, the preparation method of the patents depends on large-scale instrument treatment equipment; on the other hand, the prepared fertilizer is not ideal in aspects of deodorization and the like, and the taste of the prepared fertilizer is relatively unacceptable; however, no report has been made on the preparation of organic feeds from kitchen waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a method for converting kitchen waste into organic feed by using organisms, and aims to solve the problems that the kitchen waste is treated in a single mode, the kitchen waste is restricted to be harmless and recycled in the prior art, and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a bio-organic feed using kitchen waste, the method comprising the steps of:
step one, pretreatment of kitchen garbage
Primarily treating the collected kitchen waste, removing plastic, stone, cigarette ends, waste paper, batteries, metal, wood and other non-kitchen waste in the kitchen waste, and soaking and cleaning to obtain low-salt kitchen waste;
step two, crushing and reprocessing of kitchen garbage
Adding a deodorant into the low-salt kitchen waste, crushing, sieving, and performing pressure filtration to obtain a garbage liquid to obtain kitchen waste with the water content of 35-50%;
step three, mixing
Uniformly mixing the kitchen waste with the water content of 50-65% treated in the step two with auxiliary materials to obtain primary mixed kitchen waste;
step four, enzymolysis
Adding the microbial compound bacteria agent into the preliminary mixed kitchen waste in the third step, performing compost fermentation, turning and throwing when the compost temperature reaches 55-65 ℃, and continuing fermentation after turning and throwing to obtain a fermented product;
step five, post-treatment
And drying, crushing, granulating and drying the fermented product to obtain the biological organic feed.
Furthermore, in the second step, the mesh number of the sieve is 20 meshes.
Furthermore, in the third step, the auxiliary materials are one or more of moistening grass, sweet grassiness, pennisetum hydridum or ryegrass.
Furthermore, in the fourth step, the microbial compound inoculant is formed by mixing two or more of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus aminogenes or EM (effective microorganisms) inoculant liquid.
Further, in the fourth step, the number of turning and throwing is 3-5.
Further, in the fifth step, the drying is a drum dryer, and the drying is simple; the drying temperature is 50-65 ℃.
Further, in the fifth step, the pulverization is performed by a pulverizer, the particle size after the pulverization is not larger than that of the pulverization performed by the ultrafine pulverizer, and the particle size after the pulverization is not larger than 105 meshes to 3000 meshes.
Further, in the fifth step, the granulation is made into granules by a granulator.
Further, in the fifth step, the granulating and drying are drying by a drum dryer, the drying temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the moisture content is not higher than 13%.
According to another aspect of the invention, the biological organic feed prepared by the method for preparing the biological organic feed by utilizing the kitchen waste can be used for preparing high, medium and low livestock feeds with different protein contents.
The invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, the kitchen waste is soaked and cleaned, so that the salt content in the kitchen waste is reduced, and the kitchen waste is used as a main raw material to prepare the biological organic feed, so that the harmless treatment and resource recycling of the kitchen waste can be realized; the odor problem in the kitchen waste fermentation process can be solved by adding the deodorant, a high-protein plant is added subsequently, a large amount of water is consumed in the kitchen waste fermentation process, the high-temperature baking is carried out by mechanical energy after the fermentation is finished, the granulation is carried out, the protein content in the biological organic feed can be enriched, then the biological fermentation is carried out by biological fermentation bacteria, the obtained biological organic feed has a good effect on the growth of animal meat quality, and all the components adopted by the invention belong to common components in the nature, so that the secondary damage to the environment can not be caused. The biological organic feed can be prepared into various functional animal feeds, can be matched with various feeds with different high, medium and low protein contents in livestock breeding, has mineral elements with wind degrees, has good advantages for healthy growth of the livestock, reduces the grain consumption of the livestock directly eating people, and realizes waste recycling.
The preparation process of the invention is simple, the industrial production can be realized, and the prepared biological organic feed fertilizer has good effect, thereby realizing the reutilization of kitchen garbage, improving the yield of crops and being an environment-friendly preparation method of biological organic feed.
The fermentation time of the invention is generally not more than 24 hours, if the fermentation is completed basically within 12 hours, the fermentation time is short, and is much shorter than other fermentation times, thereby saving time. The invention has the advantages that the power consumption per ton is about 20 degrees, which is far lower than that of other biological fermentation, and the energy is saved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a biological organic feed by using kitchen waste provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1 method for preparing bio-organic feed by using kitchen waste
A method for preparing a biological organic feed by utilizing kitchen waste according to a flow chart shown in figure 1;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreatment of kitchen garbage
Primarily treating the collected kitchen waste, removing plastic, stone, cigarette ends, waste paper, batteries, metal, wood and other non-kitchen waste in the kitchen waste, and soaking and cleaning to obtain low-salt kitchen waste;
step two, crushing and reprocessing of kitchen garbage
Adding a deodorant into the low-salt kitchen waste for crushing, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, and performing pressure filtration to obtain a garbage liquid to obtain kitchen waste with the water content of 35-50%;
step three, mixing
Uniformly mixing the kitchen waste with the water content of 50-65% treated in the step two with the mixed grass of the moistening grass and the sweet grassiness, wherein the mixing proportion is that the kitchen waste: the mixed grass is 10: 17, obtaining preliminary mixed kitchen waste;
step four, enzymolysis
Adding the microbial compound bacteria agent into the preliminary mixed kitchen waste in the third step, performing compost fermentation, turning over for 3-5 times when the compost temperature reaches 55-65 ℃, and continuing fermentation after turning over to obtain a fermented product;
step five, post-treatment
And (3) drying the fermented product at 50 ℃ by using a roller dryer, crushing by using an ultrafine crusher, granulating by controlling the granulation viscosity at high and low temperatures, and drying at 50 ℃ by using a roller dryer after granulation to obtain the biological organic feed.
Preferably, the deodorant is a microbial deodorant bacterium which is developed by Shanghai Chuanjing organisms, can be quickly decomposed and quickly inhibit various peculiar smells, metabolize toxic and harmful gas volatilization, eliminates and inhibits components such as odor, musty odor, peculiar smell and the like released by organic matters, and improves the air quality.
Preferably, the pulverization is carried out by an ultrafine pulverizer, and the particle size after pulverization is not more than 105 meshes to 3000 meshes.
Preferably, the microbial compound inoculant is bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus aminogenes according to the weight ratio of 1: 1: 2, mixing the components.
Example 2 method for preparing bio-organic feed by using kitchen waste
A method for preparing a biological organic feed by utilizing kitchen waste according to a flow chart shown in figure 1;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreatment of kitchen garbage
Primarily treating the collected kitchen waste, removing plastic, stone, cigarette ends, waste paper, batteries, metal, wood and other non-kitchen waste in the kitchen waste, and soaking and cleaning to obtain low-salt kitchen waste;
step two, crushing and reprocessing of kitchen garbage
Adding a deodorant into the low-salt kitchen waste for crushing, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, and performing pressure filtration to obtain a garbage liquid to obtain kitchen waste with the water content of 35-50%;
step three, mixing
Uniformly mixing the kitchen waste with the water content of 50-65% treated in the step two with mixed grass of moistening grass, pennisetum hydridum and ryegrass, wherein the mixing ratio is that the kitchen waste: the mixed grass is 10: 7, obtaining preliminary mixed kitchen waste;
step four, enzymolysis
Adding the microbial compound bacteria agent into the preliminary mixed kitchen waste in the third step, performing compost fermentation, turning over for 3-5 times when the compost temperature reaches 55-65 ℃, and continuing fermentation after turning over to obtain a fermented product;
step five, post-treatment
And (3) drying the fermented product at 55 ℃ by using a drum dryer, crushing by using a crusher, granulating by controlling the granulation viscosity at high and low temperatures, and drying at 55 ℃ by using a drum dryer after granulation to obtain the biological organic feed.
Preferably, the deodorant is a microbial deodorant bacterium which is developed by Shanghai Chuanjing organisms, can be quickly decomposed and quickly inhibit various peculiar smells, metabolize toxic and harmful gas volatilization, eliminates and inhibits components such as odor, musty odor, peculiar smell and the like released by organic matters, and improves the air quality.
Preferably, the pulverization is carried out by an ultrafine pulverizer, and the particle size after pulverization is not more than 105 meshes to 3000 meshes.
Preferably, the microbial compound inoculant is a bacterial solution of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus stearothermophilus and EM (effective microorganisms) according to the weight ratio of 1: 2: 2, mixing the components.
Example 3 method for preparing bio-organic feed by using kitchen waste
A method for preparing a biological organic feed by utilizing kitchen waste according to a flow chart shown in figure 1;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreatment of kitchen garbage
Primarily treating the collected kitchen waste, removing plastic, stone, cigarette ends, waste paper, batteries, metal, wood and other non-kitchen waste in the kitchen waste, and soaking and cleaning to obtain low-salt kitchen waste;
step two, crushing and reprocessing of kitchen garbage
Adding a deodorant into the low-salt kitchen waste for crushing, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, and performing pressure filtration to obtain a garbage liquid to obtain kitchen waste with the water content of 35-50%;
step three, mixing
Uniformly mixing the kitchen waste with the water content of 50-65% treated in the step two with mixed grass of pennisetum hydridum, ryegrass and sweet grassiness, wherein the mixing ratio is that the kitchen waste: the mixed grass is 10: 27, obtaining preliminary mixed kitchen waste;
step four, enzymolysis
Adding the microbial compound bacteria agent into the preliminary mixed kitchen waste in the third step, performing compost fermentation, turning over for 3-5 times when the compost temperature reaches 55-65 ℃, and continuing fermentation after turning over to obtain a fermented product;
step five, post-treatment
And drying the fermented product at 65 ℃ by using a drum dryer, crushing by using a crusher, granulating by controlling the granulation viscosity at high and low temperatures, and drying at 50 ℃ by using a drum dryer after granulation to obtain the biological organic feed.
Preferably, the deodorant is a microbial deodorant bacterium which is developed by Shanghai Chuanjing organisms, can be quickly decomposed and quickly inhibit various peculiar smells, metabolize toxic and harmful gas volatilization, eliminates and inhibits components such as odor, musty odor, peculiar smell and the like released by organic matters, and improves the air quality.
Preferably, the pulverization is carried out by an ultrafine pulverizer, and the particle size after pulverization is not more than 105 meshes to 3000 meshes.
Preferably, the microbial compound inoculant is a bacterial solution of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus aminogenes and EM (effective microorganisms) according to the weight ratio of 1: 3: 1: 2, mixing the components.
Example 4 method for preparing bio-organic feed by using kitchen waste
A method for preparing a biological organic feed by utilizing kitchen waste according to a flow chart shown in figure 1;
the method comprises the following steps:
step one, pretreatment of kitchen garbage
Primarily treating the collected kitchen waste, removing plastic, stone, cigarette ends, waste paper, batteries, metal, wood and other non-kitchen waste in the kitchen waste, and soaking and cleaning to obtain low-salt kitchen waste;
step two, crushing and reprocessing of kitchen garbage
Adding a deodorant into the low-salt kitchen waste for crushing, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, and performing pressure filtration to obtain a garbage liquid to obtain kitchen waste with the water content of 35-50%;
step three, mixing
Uniformly mixing the kitchen waste with the water content of 50-65% treated in the step two with the sweet elephant grass mixed grass, wherein the mixing ratio is that the kitchen waste: the mixed grass is 10: 2, obtaining preliminary mixed kitchen waste;
step four, enzymolysis
Adding the microbial compound bacteria agent into the preliminary mixed kitchen waste in the third step, performing compost fermentation, turning over for 3-5 times when the compost temperature reaches 55-65 ℃, and continuing fermentation after turning over to obtain a fermented product;
step five, post-treatment
And (3) drying the fermented product at 50 ℃ by using a drum dryer, crushing by using a crusher, granulating by controlling the granulation viscosity at high and low temperatures, and drying at 50 ℃ by using the drum dryer after granulation to obtain the biological organic feed.
Preferably, the deodorant is a microbial deodorant bacterium which is developed by Shanghai Chuanjing organisms, can be quickly decomposed and quickly inhibit various peculiar smells, metabolize toxic and harmful gas volatilization, eliminates and inhibits components such as odor, musty odor, peculiar smell and the like released by organic matters, and improves the air quality.
Preferably, the pulverization is carried out by an ultrafine pulverizer, and the particle size after pulverization is not more than 105 meshes to 3000 meshes.
Preferably, the microbial compound bacteria agent is EM bacteria liquid, Bacillus stearothermophilus and Bacillus aminogenes according to the proportion of 2: 1: 2, mixing the components.
Experimental example 1
The bioorganic feeds prepared by the methods of examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and the bioorganic feed purchased from Taobao on the market were fed to different breeds of sheep, and the change in body weight of each breed of sheep in one month was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 feeding results of different breeds of sheep with bioorganic feed
As can be seen from Table 1, the biological organic feed of the invention has good effect on the weight gain of different varieties of sheep, and the biological organic feed obtained by mixing and fermenting the four biological fermentation tubes has better effect.
Experimental example 2
The preparation method of the bio-organic fertilizer in the embodiment 3 of the invention is compared with the preparation process of the bio-organic fertilizer prepared by other aerobic bacteria, and is shown in table 2.
Table 2 table comparing example 3 with other aerobic bacteria directly fermented grain bio-organic fertilizer
The fermentation time of the invention is generally not more than 24h, if the fermentation is completed basically within 12h, the fermentation time is short, and is much shorter than other fermentation times, thereby saving time. The invention has the advantages that the power consumption per ton is about 20 degrees, which is far lower than that of other biological fermentation, and the energy is saved.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a biological organic feed by utilizing kitchen waste is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, pretreatment of kitchen garbage
Primarily treating the collected kitchen waste, removing non-kitchen waste such as plastics, stones, butts, waste paper, batteries, metals and wood in the kitchen waste, and soaking and cleaning to obtain low-salt kitchen waste;
step two, crushing and reprocessing of kitchen garbage
Adding a deodorant into the low-salt kitchen waste, crushing, sieving, and performing pressure filtration to obtain a garbage liquid to obtain kitchen waste with the water content of 35-50%;
step three, mixing
Uniformly mixing the kitchen waste with the water content of 50-65% treated in the step two with auxiliary materials to obtain primary mixed kitchen waste;
step four, enzymolysis
Adding the microbial compound bacteria agent into the primarily mixed kitchen waste in the third step, uniformly mixing, performing composting fermentation, turning and throwing when the composting temperature reaches 55-65 ℃, and continuing fermentation after turning and throwing to obtain a fermented product;
step five, post-treatment
And drying, crushing, granulating and drying the product obtained after fermentation to obtain the biological organic feed.
2. The method for preparing bio-organic feed by using kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, the mesh number of the screen is 20 meshes.
3. The method for preparing a bio-organic feed by using kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the auxiliary material is one or more of Zealand grass, sweet elephant grass, pennisetum hydridum or ryegrass.
4. The method for preparing the bio-organic feed by using the kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the microbial compound inoculant is a mixture of two or more of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus aminogenes or EM (effective microorganisms) inoculant liquid.
5. The method for preparing the bio-organic feed by using the kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, the turning and throwing times are 3-5 times.
6. The method for preparing the bio-organic feed by using the kitchen waste according to the claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the drying is a drum dryer, and the drying is simple; the drying temperature is 50-65 ℃.
7. The method for preparing a bio-organic feed by using kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the grinding is performed by an ultrafine grinder, and the grain size after grinding is not more than 105 meshes to 3000 meshes.
8. The method for preparing a bio-organic feed by using kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the granulation is to mix the crushed kitchen waste with a high protein substance by using a granulator and make the mixture into granules.
9. The method for preparing the bio-organic feed by using the kitchen waste according to the claim 1, wherein in the step five, the granulation drying is drying by a drum dryer, the drying temperature is 50-55 ℃, and the moisture is not higher than 13%.
10. The bio-organic feed prepared by the method for preparing the bio-organic feed by utilizing the kitchen waste as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 can be used for preparing high, medium and low livestock feeds with different protein contents.
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