CN113759549A - Waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system - Google Patents
Waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113759549A CN113759549A CN202010502132.XA CN202010502132A CN113759549A CN 113759549 A CN113759549 A CN 113759549A CN 202010502132 A CN202010502132 A CN 202010502132A CN 113759549 A CN113759549 A CN 113759549A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/005—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/0001—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
- G02B6/0011—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
- G02B6/0033—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
- G02B6/0056—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide for producing polarisation effects, e.g. by a surface with polarizing properties or by an additional polarizing elements
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Abstract
The invention provides a waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system, which relates to the technical field of augmented reality and comprises the following components: the waveguide lens is provided with an inner surface, an outer surface, a light coupling-in surface and a light coupling-out surface, and the sum of an included angle between the light coupling-in surface and the outer surface and an included angle between the light coupling-in surface and the inner surface is 180 degrees; at least one image display arranged on the light coupling-in surface; the first reflection amplifier is arranged on one side of the outer surface of the waveguide lens and used for splicing the fields of view formed by the light rays coupled out from the different light ray coupling-out surfaces. The large-field-of-view type LED lamp has the beneficial effects that the large field angle is realized by adopting a field-of-view splicing mode, the structure is compact and light, the perspective distortion is small, the wearing comfort is improved, and the immersion feeling of a user in use is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of augmented reality, in particular to a waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of communication technology, Augmented Reality (AR) display devices have been rapidly developed, and since the system belongs to a head-mounted system, it must be compact and light and thin to improve the wearing comfort of users. The focal length of the optical system must be reduced as much as possible to achieve compact structure; meanwhile, the large field angle can increase the immersion feeling of the user, so that an observer can observe a high-quality dynamic image to the maximum extent. However, structural parameters of the optical system, such as the field of view, the large entrance pupil diameter, and the short focal length, are restricted from each other, and it is difficult to satisfy the above conditions.
It is therefore desirable to provide an augmented reality optical system that can simultaneously satisfy the requirements of compact structure, lightness and large field of view.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system, which specifically comprises:
the waveguide lens is provided with an inner surface, an outer surface, a light coupling-in surface and a light coupling-out surface, and the sum of an included angle between the light coupling-in surface and the outer surface and an included angle between the light coupling-in surface and the inner surface is 180 degrees;
at least one image display arranged on the light coupling-in surface;
the first reflection amplifier is arranged on one side of the outer surface of the waveguide lens and used for splicing the view fields formed by the light rays coupled out from the different light ray coupling-out surfaces.
Preferably, the waveguide lens is composed of a plurality of uniform-thickness waveguide sheets, each waveguide sheet is longitudinally stacked, each waveguide sheet is provided with the light coupling-in surface with the same opening angle, and the light coupling-in surfaces are in the same plane;
the light coupling-out surfaces with different optical paths but same opening angles are arranged in the waveguide pieces.
Preferably, the waveguide lens is composed of a uniform-thickness waveguide sheet, and a plurality of light coupling-out surfaces with opening angles in different directions are arranged in the waveguide sheet; the waveguide sheet is provided with a plurality of light coupling-in surfaces with opening angles in different directions, and each light coupling-in surface is provided with one image display. Further, the light coupling-in surface of each waveguide sheet is provided with one image display, and the light coupling-in surfaces are not in the same plane.
Preferably, the optical waveguide module further comprises a compensation lens, and the first reflection amplifier is arranged between the compensation lens and the waveguide lens.
Preferably, the waveguide mirror further comprises a second reflection amplifier, and the waveguide mirror is arranged between the first reflection amplifier and the second reflection amplifier.
Preferably, a first polarizing film is disposed on the fourth surface of each of the waveguide plates, and light having a polarization direction perpendicular to a transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film is reflected and light having the same polarization direction as the transmission axis direction is transmitted.
Preferably, a first acute angle is formed between the light-coupling-out surface and the outer surface of each waveguide sheet, a second acute angle is formed between the light-coupling-in surface and the inner surface or the outer surface, and the second acute angle is twice as large as the first acute angle.
Preferably, the compensation lens is a plano-concave lens or a uniform-thickness concave lens, the first reflection amplifier is a plano-convex lens or a uniform-thickness convex lens, and the concave surface of the compensation lens is close to the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier.
Preferably, the radius of curvature of the concave surface of the compensation lens is the same as the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier.
Preferably, the concave surface of the compensation lens is sequentially provided with a first semi-reflecting and semi-transparent film layer and a first quarter-wave plate film.
Preferably, said concave surface of said compensation lens and said convex surface of said first reflection amplifier are cemented.
Preferably, the first reflection amplifier and the second reflection amplifier are plano-convex lenses or uniform thickness convex lenses, and the convex surface orientation of the second reflection amplifier is consistent with that of the first reflection amplifier.
Preferably, the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier is provided with a second semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer, and a second quarter-wave plate film is arranged between the second semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer and the waveguide lens.
Preferably, the second transflective film layer has a reflectivity of 25% to 35% and a transmittance of 65% to 75%.
Preferably, the convex surface of the second reflection amplifier is provided with a third semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer, and a third quarter-wave plate film is arranged between the third semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer and the waveguide lens.
Preferably, the reflecting surface of the first reflection amplifier on the side away from the outer surface is a fresnel surface type or a diffractive surface.
Preferably, the reflecting surface of the first reflection amplifier, which is away from the outer surface, is a discontinuous curved surface formed by splicing a plurality of curved surfaces, and each curved surface corresponds to one waveguide sheet.
Preferably, projections of the light outcoupling surfaces of the waveguide pieces in the direction of the inner surface do not overlap.
Preferably, a second polarizing film is disposed on a side of the waveguide lens close to the second reflection amplifier.
The technical scheme or the embodiment has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the large field angle is realized by adopting a field splicing mode, the structure is compact and light, the perspective distortion is small, the wearing comfort is improved, and the immersion feeling of a user during use is enhanced. Unlike conventional optical waveguide AR solutions.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the optical path of a prior art image display device disposed on a non-cutting surface of a waveguide sheet;
FIG. 1(b) is a schematic optical path diagram of the image display device disposed on the cut surface of the waveguide sheet according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide type spliced view field near-eye display optical system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide type spliced field of view near-eye display optical system with a compensation lens according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide type spliced field of view near-eye display optical system with two reflection amplifiers according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide-type spliced view-field near-eye display optical system in which light-guiding waveguide sheets on two sides are spliced according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and other embodiments may be included in the scope of the present invention as long as the gist of the present invention is satisfied.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, based on the above problems in the prior art, there is provided a waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system, as shown in fig. 2 to 5, specifically including:
at least one waveguide lens 1, the waveguide lens 1 has an inner surface 11 facing to the eye 2 side, an outer surface 12 far away from the eye 2 side, a light coupling-in surface 13 and a light coupling-out surface, and the sum of the included angle between the light coupling-in surface 13 and the outer surface 12 and the included angle between the light coupling-in surface 13 and the inner surface 11 is 180 degrees;
at least one image display 3 disposed on the light coupling-in surface 13;
and the first reflection amplifier 4 is arranged on one side of the outer surface 12 of the waveguide lens 1 and is used for splicing the fields of view formed by the light rays coupled out from different light ray coupling-out surfaces.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the waveguide lens 1 is formed by stacking or splicing a plurality of waveguide sheets 15. Each waveguide piece 15 has a first surface 151, a second surface 152, a third surface 153 and a fourth surface 154, said first surface 151 and second surface 152 being non-cut surfaces of the waveguide piece 15, said third surface 153 being cut surfaces of the waveguide piece 15. As shown in fig. 1(a), in the existing placement position of the image display 3, the image display 3 is located on the waveguide sheet 15 close to the non-cutting surface, at this time, light emitted by the image display 3 will undergo secondary reflection at the cutting surface, normal light can vertically enter and vertically exit, and light reflected by the secondary light will not vertically exit, so that stray light b' will be formed at the eye end, which affects the imaging effect. In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1(b), the image display 3 is placed on the cut surface of the waveguide sheet 15, on one hand, the thickness of the waveguide sheet 15 can be reduced, and the image display 3 does not need to be arranged in a protruding manner, so that the overall volume is reduced and the structure is more compact; on the other hand, the light path a' of the emitted light can be vertically incident and vertically emergent, and the influence of stray light is effectively eliminated.
Further, the first reflection amplifier 4 is a refractive convex lens or a concave reflection element with a reflection surface, and light emitted by the image display 3 is transmitted by the waveguide lens 1 and is finally amplified by the first reflection amplifier 4, so that the waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system of the invention realizes lightness, thinness and large viewing angle, and a wearer can obtain comfortable wearing experience and good augmented reality display effect.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waveguide lens 1 is composed of a plurality of uniform thickness waveguide sheets 15, each waveguide sheet 15 is longitudinally laminated, each waveguide sheet 15 is provided with a light coupling-in surface 13 with an opening angle in the same direction, and each light coupling-in surface 13 is in the same plane;
light exit surfaces with different optical paths but the same opening angle are arranged in each waveguide slice 15.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the waveguide lens 1 includes a plurality of waveguide sheets 15, each waveguide sheet 15 has a first surface 151, a second surface 152, a third surface 153, and a fourth surface 154, and the waveguide lens 1 is formed by stacking the waveguide sheets 15;
the first surface 151 of the innermost waveguide sheet 15 forms the inner surface 11 of the waveguide lens 1, the second surface 152 of the outermost waveguide sheet 15 forms the outer surface 12 of the waveguide lens 1, the third surfaces 153 of the waveguide sheets 15 are spliced to form the light coupling-in surface 13 of the waveguide lens 1, the fourth surfaces 154 of the waveguide sheets 15 are respectively used as the light coupling-out surfaces of the waveguide lens 1, and the first surfaces 151 and the second surfaces 152 of two adjacent waveguide sheets 15 are attached to each other.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waveguide lens 1 is composed of a uniform thickness waveguide sheet 15, and a plurality of light coupling-out surfaces with non-equidirectional opening angles are arranged in the waveguide sheet 15; the waveguide sheet is provided with a plurality of light coupling-in surfaces with different opening angles in the same direction, and each light coupling-in surface is provided with an image display 3.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the waveguide lens 1 includes a plurality of waveguide sheets 15, each waveguide sheet 15 has a first surface 151, a second surface 152, a third surface 153, and a fourth surface 154, and the waveguide lens 1 is formed by splicing the waveguide sheets 15;
the second surface 152 of each waveguide plate 15 is spliced to form the outer surface 12 of the waveguide lens 1, the first surface 151 of each waveguide plate 15 forms the inner surface 11 of the waveguide lens 1, the third surface 153 of each waveguide plate 15 is used as the light coupling-in surface 13 of the waveguide lens 1, and the fourth surface 154 of each waveguide plate 15 is used as the light coupling-out surface of the waveguide lens 1.
Further specifically, the number of the waveguide pieces 15 and the splicing manner are not limited, and only the spliced waveguide lens 1 can cover the whole field range.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a compensation lens 8 is further included, and the first reflection amplifier 4 is disposed between the compensation lens 5 and the waveguide lens 1.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second reflection amplifier 9 is further included, and the waveguide lens 1 is disposed between the first reflection amplifier 4 and the second reflection amplifier 9.
Specifically, in this embodiment, by setting the second reflection amplifier 9, the light intensity can be further improved, and a better imaging effect can be achieved.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light coupling-out surface of each waveguide plate 15 is respectively provided with a first polarizing film 51, and the light with the polarization direction perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51 is reflected, and the light with the polarization direction same as the transmission axis direction is transmitted.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first acute angle β is formed between the light-coupling-out surface of each waveguide sheet 15 and the outer surface 12, a second acute angle α is formed between the light-coupling-in surface 13 and the inner surface 11 or the outer surface 12, and the second acute angle α is twice as large as the first acute angle β.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the compensation lens 8 is a plano-concave lens or a uniform thickness concave lens, the first reflection amplifier 4 is a plano-convex lens or a uniform thickness convex lens, and the concave surface of the compensation lens 8 is close to the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier 4.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radius of curvature of the concave surface of the compensation lens 8 is the same as the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier 4.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concave surface of the compensation lens 8 is sequentially provided with a first semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer 61 and a first quarter-wave plate film 71.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the concave surface of the compensation lens 8 is cemented to the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier 4.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first reflection amplifier 4 and the second reflection amplifier 9 are plano-convex lenses or uniform thickness convex lenses, and the convex surface orientation of the second reflection amplifier 9 is the same as the convex surface orientation of the first reflection amplifier 4.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier 4 is provided with a second transflective film 62, and a second quarter-wave plate film 72 is disposed between the second transflective film 62 and the waveguide lens 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second transflective film layer 61 has a reflectivity of 25% to 35% and a transmittance of 65% to 75%.
Specifically, in this example, the optimal reflectance was 30% and the optimal transmittance was 70%.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the convex surface of the second reflection amplifier 9 is provided with a third transflective film 63, and a third quarter-wave plate film 73 is disposed between the third transflective film 63 and the waveguide lens 1.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the reflecting surface of the first reflection amplifier 4 on the side facing away from the outer surface 12 is of fresnel surface type or diffractive surface.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflecting surface of the first reflection amplifier 4 facing away from the outer surface 12 is a discontinuous curved surface formed by splicing a plurality of curved surfaces, and each curved surface corresponds to one waveguide sheet 15.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a gap layer is disposed between the first surface 151 and the second surface 152 of two adjacent waveguide sheets 15, and the refractive index of the filling material of the gap layer is smaller than that of the waveguide sheet 15.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the filling material may be air, i.e., the gap layer is an air layer. The filler may be an optical paste having a low refractive index so as to satisfy the total reflection condition of the light in each waveguide sheet.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the projections of the light-coupling-out surfaces of the waveguide pieces 15 in the direction of the inner surface 11 do not overlap.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, each waveguide sheet 15 is provided with an image display 3 facing the light-coupling-in surface 13, and the light-coupling-in surfaces 13 are not in the same plane.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second polarizing film 52 is disposed on the waveguide lens 1 near the second reflection amplifier 4.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of the image displays 3 may be one, or two or more, preferably, one image display 3 is disposed on each waveguide sheet 15 near the third surface 153, light emitted by each image display 3 is coupled out after being transmitted by total reflection of the corresponding waveguide sheet 15, and forms a virtual amplified image in front of the eye 2 after being amplified by the first reflection amplifier 4, and the virtual amplified images formed in front of the eye 2 by each image display 3 can be spliced into a complete image after being processed by software.
Example one
Specifically, as a first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the waveguide lens 1 includes two waveguide pieces 15, the two waveguide pieces 15 are stacked in the thickness direction of the waveguide lens 1, and the fourth surfaces 154 of the two waveguide pieces 15 serve as light coupling-out surfaces of the waveguide lens 1, and projections in the direction of the first surface 151 do not overlap. The angle α between the third surface 153 and the second surface 152 of each waveguide sheet 15 is preferably 60 degrees, and the angle β between the fourth surface 154 and the second surface 152 is preferably 30 degrees; the third surface 153 of each waveguide plate 15 is a light coupling-in surface, the fourth surface 154 is a light coupling-out surface, and the fourth surface 154 of each waveguide plate 15 is provided with a first polarizing film 51, the first polarizing film 51 includes but is not limited to a reflective polarizing film or other polarizing films such as PBS, the first polarizing film 51 can reflect light with a polarization direction perpendicular to a transmission axis direction thereof, and transmit light with the polarization direction same as the transmission axis direction thereof. The first reflection amplifier 4 is preferably a convex lens, and the optical surface of the first reflection amplifier at the side far from the eye 2 is a convex surface, a second transflective film layer 62 is disposed on the convex surface, and a second quarter-wave plate film 72 is disposed between the second transflective film layer 62 and the waveguide lens 1 adjacent to the first reflection amplifier 4.
Based on the above-described structure, for each waveguide sheet, the light emitted from the image display 3 enters the waveguide sheet 15 through the third surface 153 of the waveguide sheet 15, which is a light coupling-in surface, is guided to be incident to the fourth surface 154, which is a light coupling-out surface, through total reflection of the waveguide sheet 15, and at this time, the light having a polarization direction perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51 on the fourth surface 154 is reflected. The reflected light then exits the waveguide plate 15, passes through the second quarter-wave plate film 72 between the first reflection-amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1, and is incident on the second semi-reflective semi-transparent film layer 62 on the convex surface of the first reflection-amplifier 4, and part of the light is reflected. The reflected light again passes through the second quarter wave plate film 72 between the first reflection amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1, the polarization direction of the light is changed to be the same as the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51, at this time, the light transmits the fourth surface 154 to enter the eye 2, and the eye 2 receives the virtually amplified image. Meanwhile, light from the real scene sequentially passes through the first reflection amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1 and then enters the eye 2, and the eye 2 observes a virtual-real superposed image at the entrance pupil.
Example two
Specifically, as a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, an angle α between the third surface 153 and the second surface 152 of each waveguide sheet is preferably 60 degrees, and an angle β between the fourth surface 154 and the second surface 152 is preferably 30 degrees; as a structural improvement of the first embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, a compensation lens 8 is disposed on the side of the first reflection amplifier 4 away from the eye 2 to eliminate the distortion generated by the external real scene light perspective system.
Based on the above-described structure, for each waveguide sheet 15, the light emitted from the image display 3 enters the waveguide sheet 15 through the third surface 153 of the waveguide sheet 15, which is a light coupling-in surface, is guided by total reflection of the waveguide sheet 15 to be incident on the fourth surface 154, which is a light coupling-out surface, and at this time, the light having the polarization direction perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51 on the fourth surface 154 is reflected. The reflected light then exits the waveguide plate, passes through the second quarter-wave plate film 72 between the first reflection amplifier 4 and the waveguide plate 1, and is incident on the second semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer 62 on the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier 4, and part of the light is reflected. The reflected light passes through the second quarter wave plate film 72 between the first reflection amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1 again, and since the light passes through the second quarter wave plate film 72 twice in succession, the polarization direction of the light is changed to be the same as the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51, at this time, the light transmits through the fourth surface 154 to enter the eye 2, and the eye 2 receives the virtually amplified image. Meanwhile, light from the real scene sequentially passes through the compensation lens 8, the first reflection amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1 and then enters the eye 2, and the eye 2 observes a virtual-real superposed image at the entrance pupil.
EXAMPLE III
Further preferably, as a third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the waveguide lens 1 includes three waveguide sheets 15, and the three waveguide sheets 15 are vertically stacked, so as to effectively improve the definition and integrity of the image. The optical path length of each waveguide sheet 15 is not limited, and it is sufficient that the positions of the light-coupling-out surfaces of the fourth surfaces 154 of the three waveguide sheets 15 do not overlap in the direction of the first surface 151. The image display 3 is divided into 3 sub-regions, which correspond to three waveguide sheets 15, respectively, and a first reflection amplifier 4 and a second reflection amplifier 9 are disposed on the front and rear sides of the waveguide lens 1. The image display 3 may be 3 independent image displays, each of which corresponds to one layer of the waveguide sheet 15. The image emitted by the image display 3 is transmitted by each waveguide sheet 15, reflected and amplified by the first reflection amplifier 4 and the second reflection amplifier 9, and spliced into a virtual amplified image at the eye 2.
The first reflection amplifier 4 is preferably a concave shell, which is concave toward the eye 2. And the concave surface is provided with a second semi-reflecting and semi-permeable membrane layer 62 on which a second quarter-wave plate membrane 72 is arranged.
The second reflection amplifier 9 is preferably a concave shell, the side facing away from the eye 2 being convex. And a third semi-reflecting and semi-permeable film 63 is arranged on the convex surface, and a third quarter-wave film 73 is arranged on the convex surface.
The basal surface of the waveguide sheet on the side close to the eye 2 is provided with a second polarizing film 52 having a transmission axis direction perpendicular to that of the first polarizing film 51 on the fourth surface 154 of the waveguide sheet. The light reflected by the first reflection amplifier 4 can transmit the second polarizing film 52.
Based on the above-described structure, for each layer of the waveguide sheet 15, the light emitted from the image display 3 enters the waveguide sheet 15 through the third surface 153, which is the light coupling-in surface, of the corresponding waveguide sheet 15, is guided by total reflection of the waveguide sheet 15 to be incident on the fourth surface 154, which is the light coupling-out surface, and at this time, the light having the polarization direction perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51 on the fourth surface 154 is reflected. The reflected light then exits the waveguide plate and passes through the second quarter-wave plate film 72 between the first reflection-amplifier 4 and the waveguide plate 1, and is incident on the second semi-reflective semi-transparent film layer 62 on the concave surface of the first reflection-amplifier 4, and part of the light is reflected. The reflected light passes through the second quarter-wave plate film 72 between the first reflection amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1 again, and since the light passes through the second quarter-wave plate film 72 twice in succession, the polarization direction of the light is changed to be the same as the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51, at this time, the light transmits the first polarizing film 51 of the fourth surface 154. Then the light enters the third transflective film 63 on the convex surface of the second reflection amplifier 9 through the third quarter-wave film 73, part of the light is reflected, the reflected light reaches the second polarizing film 52 through the third quarter-wave film 73, the polarization direction of the light is rotated by 90 degrees due to passing through the third quarter-wave film 73 twice in succession, the light is reflected by the second polarizing film 52 again, and then the light enters the eye 2 through the second reflection amplifier 9, and the eye 2 receives the virtual amplified image.
Meanwhile, light from the real scene sequentially passes through the first reflection amplifier 4, the waveguide lens 1 and the second reflection amplifier 9 and then enters the eye 2, and the eye 2 observes a virtual-real superposed image at the entrance pupil.
Example four
As a fourth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 5, an angle α between the third surface 153 and the second surface 152 of each waveguide sheet 15 is preferably 60 degrees, and an angle β between the fourth surface 154 and the second surface 152 is preferably 30 degrees; as a structural improvement of the second embodiment, the waveguide lenses 1 arranged in a stacked manner are adjusted to a splicing arrangement on the basis of the second embodiment. The waveguide lens 1 includes two waveguide pieces 15 (or one waveguide lens 1 is divided into two or more waveguide sections 15), the two waveguide pieces 15 are spliced along the length direction of the waveguide lens 1, the two waveguide pieces 15 are preferably arranged in bilateral symmetry, meanwhile, the image display 3 is also two and symmetrically distributed on two sides of human eyes, the corresponding second semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer 62 of the first reflection amplifier 4 is formed by splicing a left off-axis curved surface and a right off-axis curved surface, and each off-axis curved surface corresponds to one waveguide piece 15.
Based on the above-described structure, for each image display 3, the light emitted from the image display 3 enters the waveguide 15 through the third surface 153, which is the light coupling-in surface, of the corresponding waveguide 15, is guided by total reflection of the waveguide 15 to be incident on the fourth surface 154, which is the light coupling-out surface, and at this time, the light having the polarization direction perpendicular to the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51 on the fourth surface 154 is reflected. The reflected light then exits the waveguide plate 15, passes through the second quarter-wave plate film 72 between the first reflection-amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1, and is incident on the second semi-reflective semi-transparent film layer 62 on the convex surface of the first reflection-amplifier 4, and part of the light is reflected. The reflected light passes through the second quarter wave plate film 72 between the first reflection amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1 again, and since the light passes through the second quarter wave plate film 72 twice in succession, the polarization direction of the light is changed to be the same as the transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film 51, at this time, the light transmits through the fourth surface 154, enters the eye 2, and the eye 2 receives the virtual amplified image. Further, the light rays emitted by the two image displays 3 are respectively transmitted through the corresponding waveguide pieces 15 through the light paths, and then spliced into the virtual enlarged image at the eye 2.
Meanwhile, light from the real scene sequentially passes through the compensation lens 8, the first reflection amplifier 4 and the waveguide lens 1 and then enters the eye 2, and the eye 2 observes a virtual-real superposed image at the entrance pupil.
In this embodiment, splicing of the 2-side or symmetric-side waveguide segments is not limited, and splicing of a plurality of waveguide segments may be performed, as long as the view field of the coupling-out surface is satisfied, and the view field may be subjected to complete image splicing.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (19)
1. A waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system is characterized by specifically comprising:
the waveguide lens is provided with an inner surface, an outer surface, a light coupling-in surface and a light coupling-out surface, and the sum of an included angle between the light coupling-in surface and the outer surface and an included angle between the light coupling-in surface and the inner surface is 180 degrees;
at least one image display arranged on the light coupling-in surface;
the first reflection amplifier is arranged on one side of the outer surface of the waveguide lens and used for splicing the view fields formed by the light rays coupled out from the different light ray coupling-out surfaces.
2. The waveguide-type spliced view-field near-to-eye display optical system according to claim 1, wherein the waveguide lens is composed of a plurality of uniform-thickness waveguide sheets, each waveguide sheet is longitudinally stacked, each waveguide sheet is provided with the light incoupling surface with the same opening angle, and each light incoupling surface is in the same plane;
the light coupling-out surfaces with different optical paths but same opening angles are arranged in the waveguide pieces.
3. The waveguide-type spliced view-field near-to-eye display optical system according to claim 1, wherein the waveguide lens is composed of a uniform-thickness waveguide sheet, and a plurality of light-ray outcoupling surfaces with non-equidirectional opening angles are arranged in the waveguide sheet; the waveguide sheet is provided with a plurality of light coupling-in surfaces with opening angles in different directions, and each light coupling-in surface is provided with one image display.
4. The waveguide-based tiled-field near-to-eye display optical system of claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a compensation lens, wherein the first reflection amplifier is disposed between the compensation lens and the waveguide optic.
5. The waveguide-based tiled-field near-to-eye display optical system of claim 1, 2 or 3, further comprising a second reflection amplifier, the waveguide optic disposed between the first reflection amplifier and the second reflection amplifier.
6. The waveguide type spliced view field near-eye display optical system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a first polarizing film is respectively provided on the fourth surface of each of the waveguide sheets, and light having a polarization direction perpendicular to a transmission axis direction of the first polarizing film is reflected, and light having the same polarization direction as the transmission axis direction is transmitted.
7. The spliced-field near-eye display optical system of claim 2 or 3, wherein the light-out surface and the outer surface of each waveguide sheet form a first acute angle therebetween, the light-in surface and the inner surface or the outer surface form a second acute angle therebetween, and the second acute angle is twice the first acute angle.
8. The waveguide-type spliced field-of-view near-eye display optical system of claim 4, wherein the compensation lens is a plano-concave lens or a uniform-thickness concave lens, the first reflection amplifier is a plano-convex lens or a uniform-thickness convex lens, and the concave surface of the compensation lens is proximate to the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier.
9. The waveguide-type tiled-field near-to-eye display optical system of claim 8, wherein the radius of curvature of the concave surface of the compensation lens is the same as the radius of curvature of the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier.
10. The waveguide-type spliced field-of-view near-eye display optical system of claim 8, wherein the concave surface of the compensation lens is sequentially provided with a first semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer and a first quarter-wave plate film.
11. The waveguide-type tiled-field near-to-eye display optical system of claim 8, wherein the concave surface of the compensation lens and the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier are cemented.
12. The waveguide-type tiled-field near-to-eye display optical system of claim 5, wherein the first and second reflection amplifiers are plano-convex lenses or equi-thickness convex lenses, and the convex orientation of the second reflection amplifier is coincident with the convex orientation of the first reflection amplifier.
13. The waveguide-based tiled-view, near-to-eye display optical system of claim 12, wherein the convex surface of the first reflection amplifier has a second semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer, and a second quarter-wave plate film is disposed between the second semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer and the waveguide lens.
14. The waveguide-type spliced view-field near-to-eye display optical system according to claim 13, wherein the second transflective film layer has a reflectivity of 25% to 35% and a transmittance of 65% to 75%.
15. The waveguide-based tiled-view, near-to-eye display optical system of claim 12, wherein the convex surface of the second reflection amplifier has a third semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer, and a third quarter-wave plate film is disposed between the third semi-reflective and semi-transparent film layer and the waveguide lens.
16. The waveguide type spliced field of view near-to-eye display optical system according to claim 1, wherein a reflecting surface of the first reflection amplifier on a side facing away from the outer surface is a fresnel surface type or a diffractive surface.
17. The optical system for near-to-eye display in a waveguide type spliced field of view according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the reflecting surface of the first reflection amplifier on the side away from the outer surface is a discontinuous curved surface formed by splicing a plurality of curved surfaces, and each curved surface corresponds to one waveguide sheet.
18. The waveguide-type spliced-field near-eye display optical system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein projections of the light-outcoupling surfaces of the waveguide sheets on the inner surface do not overlap.
19. The waveguide-based tiled-view, near-to-eye display optical system of claim 5, wherein a second polarizer is disposed on the side of the waveguide lens near the second reflection amplifier.
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| CN202010502132.XA CN113759549A (en) | 2020-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system |
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| CN202010502132.XA CN113759549A (en) | 2020-06-04 | 2020-06-04 | Waveguide type spliced view field near-to-eye display optical system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115291412A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-04 | 南方科技大学 | Three-dimensional display device and three-dimensional display method based on AR geometric optical waveguide |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115291412A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-04 | 南方科技大学 | Three-dimensional display device and three-dimensional display method based on AR geometric optical waveguide |
| CN115291412B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2023-01-24 | 南方科技大学 | Three-dimensional display device and three-dimensional display method based on AR geometric optical waveguide |
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