CN116449566A - Near-to-eye display module and head-mounted display device - Google Patents
Near-to-eye display module and head-mounted display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116449566A CN116449566A CN202310332098.XA CN202310332098A CN116449566A CN 116449566 A CN116449566 A CN 116449566A CN 202310332098 A CN202310332098 A CN 202310332098A CN 116449566 A CN116449566 A CN 116449566A
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- 210000001508 eye Anatomy 0.000 claims description 61
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0093—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for monitoring data relating to the user, e.g. head-tracking, eye-tracking
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a near-to-eye display module and a head-mounted display device; the near-eye display module sequentially comprises a first lens, a second lens and a third lens along the same optical axis, wherein the outer diameter of the first lens is smaller than that of the second lens and smaller than that of the third lens; the near-eye display module further comprises a light splitting element, a first phase retarder and a polarization reflecting element, wherein the light splitting element is positioned at any side of the first lens, and the first phase retarder and the polarization reflecting element are positioned between the second lens and the third lens; the near-eye display module further comprises an eyeball tracking assembly, the eyeball tracking assembly comprises an illumination device and an imaging device, the illumination device is located on one side of the periphery of the first lens, and the imaging device is located on the other side of the periphery of the first lens opposite to the illumination device. According to the embodiment of the application, the illuminating device and the imaging device of the eyeball tracking assembly are arranged inside the optical module and are respectively located at two sides, the module volume is not additionally increased, and the precision of the eyeball tracking assembly is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of optical imaging, in particular to a near-to-eye display module and a head-mounted display device.
Background
In order for a virtual reality device to perform a specific function, it is necessary to track the eyeballs of a user. Currently, an eye tracking module is generally introduced to realize real-time tracking of the eye position during eye tracking. However, in the virtual reality device, the eye tracking module is generally located outside the optical module, so that the volume of the virtual reality device can be increased to a certain extent, which violates the requirement of the user on the small volume of the virtual reality device, and affects the wearing sense of the user. In addition, the illumination device and the imaging device of the eye tracking module may lose the accuracy of eye tracking at a large angle outside the optical module.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the application is to provide a near-to-eye display module and a novel technical scheme of head-mounted display equipment.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a near-eye display module. The near-to-eye display module comprises a first lens, a second lens and a third lens along the same optical axis in sequence, wherein the outer diameter D1 of the first lens, the outer diameter D2 of the second lens and the outer diameter D3 of the third lens meet the following conditions: d1 is more than D2 and less than D3;
the near-eye display module further comprises a light splitting element, a first phase retarder and a polarization reflecting element, wherein the light splitting element is positioned on any side of the first lens, and the first phase retarder and the polarization reflecting element are positioned between the second lens and the third lens;
The near-eye display module further comprises an eyeball tracking assembly, wherein the eyeball tracking assembly comprises an illumination device and an imaging device, the illumination device is positioned on one side of the periphery of the first lens, and the imaging device is positioned on the other side of the periphery of the first lens opposite to the illumination device; the light emitted by the lighting device is transmitted through the second lens and the third lens, then is incident to human eyes, is reflected by the human eyes, then is transmitted through the third lens and the second lens again, and is incident to the imaging device.
Optionally, an included angle θ between a line connecting the highest outer diameter point of the first lens and the highest outer diameter point of the third lens and a direction perpendicular to the optical axis satisfies: θ is less than or equal to 50 °.
Optionally, the illumination device comprises an infrared light source and the imaging device comprises an infrared camera.
Optionally, the lighting device further comprises a first reflecting structure, and the first reflecting structure is located on the light emitting path of the infrared light source; the imaging device further includes a second reflective structure positioned on an incident light path of the infrared camera device.
Optionally, the first reflecting structure and the second reflecting structure are plane mirrors or curved mirrors.
Optionally, the first reflecting structure is not higher than the highest point of the outer diameter of the third lens, and the second reflecting structure is not lower than the lowest point of the outer diameter of the third lens.
Optionally, the eyeball tracking assembly further includes a first driving device and a second driving device, wherein the first driving device can drive the first reflecting structure to swing, and the second driving device can drive the second reflecting structure to swing.
Optionally, the first swing angle α exists between the first reflecting structure and the optical axis, and the second swing angle β exists between the second reflecting structure and the optical axis, so that the following conditions are satisfied: alpha is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 85 degrees, and beta is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 85 degrees.
Optionally, the combined focal power of the second lens and the third lens is positive, the combined focal power phi of the second lens and the third lens 23 The method meets the following conditions: phi is more than or equal to 0 23 ≤0.1。
Optionally, the system optical power Φ of the near-eye display module meets the following conditions: phi is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.15.
Optionally, the near-eye display module further includes a first polarizing element, where the first polarizing element, the polarizing reflection element and the first phase retarder are sequentially stacked to form a first stacked film layer;
the light splitting element is arranged on the surface, close to the first lens, of the second lens, and the first stacked film layer is arranged on the surface, close to the second lens, of the third lens.
Optionally, the near-eye display module further includes a second stacked film layer, the second stack is disposed between the first lens and the second lens, and the second stacked film layer includes a second phase retarder, a second polarizing element, and a third phase retarder, where the second polarizing element is disposed between the second phase retarder and the third phase retarder.
Optionally, the near-eye display module further includes a display screen, the display screen is located at a side of the first lens away from the second lens, and the display screen is configured to be capable of emitting circularly polarized light or natural light.
Optionally, a sagittal height d of a side surface of the first lens facing away from the second lens satisfies: and d is the distance from any point on the side surface of the first lens away from the second lens to the center point on the side surface of the first lens away from the second lens.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a head mounted display device comprising:
a housing; and
the near-to-eye display module of the first aspect.
According to the embodiment of the application, the near-eye display module is provided, a folding light path structural design is adopted, through limiting the outer diameter size relation of each lens, the accommodating space can be formed at the peripheries of the two lenses at the left side and the right side, so that an introduced eyeball tracking assembly can be arranged in the accommodating space, and an illuminating device and an imaging device in the eyeball tracking assembly are respectively arranged at two sides of the accommodating space, so that the volume of the module is not additionally increased, and the precision of the eyeball tracking assembly is also improved.
Other features of the present specification and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the specification and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the specification.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-eye display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first stacked film layer of a near-eye display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second stacked film layer of the near-eye display module provided in the embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a dot column diagram of the near-to-eye display module shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph of MTF of the near-eye display module shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a graph of distortion of the field curvature of the near-to-eye display module shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a vertical axis color difference chart of the near-to-eye display module shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a sagittal view of the near-eye display module of FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another structure of the first reflective structure and the second reflective structure of the near-to-eye display module shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an included angle θ of the near-eye display module shown in fig. 1;
FIG. 11 is a second schematic diagram of a near-to-eye display module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 12 is a dot column diagram of the near-to-eye display module shown in FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a graph of MTF of the near-eye display module shown in FIG. 11;
FIG. 14 is a graph of distortion of the field curvature of the near-to-eye display module shown in FIG. 11;
FIG. 15 is a vertical axis color difference chart of the near-to-eye display module shown in FIG. 11;
fig. 16 is a sagittal view of the near-eye display module shown in fig. 11.
Reference numerals illustrate:
10. a first lens; 11. a first surface; 12. a second surface; 20. a second lens; 21. a third surface; 22. a fourth surface; 30. a third lens; 31. a fifth surface; 32. a sixth surface; 40. a display screen; 50. a lighting device; 51. an infrared light source; 52. a first reflective structure; 60. an imaging device; 61. an infrared camera device; 62. a second reflective structure; 70. a first stacked film layer; 71. a first polarizing element; 72. a polarizing reflective element; 73. a first phase retarder; 74. a first anti-reflection film; 80. a second stacked film layer; 81. a second anti-reflection film; 82. a second phase retarder; 83. a second polarizing element; 84. a third phase retarder; 90. a spectroscopic element; 100. screen protection glass; 01. and (5) human eyes.
Detailed Description
Various exemplary embodiments of the present application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the application, its application, or uses.
Techniques and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate.
In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
According to one aspect of embodiments of the present application, a near-eye display module is provided that may be adapted for application to a head-mounted display device (Head mounted display, HMD), such as a VR head-mounted device. The VR headset may include, for example, VR glasses or VR helmets, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment.
The embodiment of the application provides a near-to-eye display module, as shown in fig. 1, the near-to-eye display module includes first lens 10, second lens 20 and third lens 30 in proper order along same optical axis, the external diameter D1 of first lens 10 the external diameter D2 of second lens 20 and the external diameter D3 of third lens 30 satisfy: d1 is more than D2 and less than D3;
the near-eye display module further comprises a light splitting element 90, a first phase retarder 73 and a polarization reflecting element 72, wherein the light splitting element 90 is positioned on either side of the first lens 10, and the first phase retarder 73 and the polarization reflecting element 72 are positioned between the second lens 20 and the third lens 30; to form an accommodating space at the outer circumferences of the third lens 30 and the first lens 10;
the near-eye display module further comprises an eyeball tracking assembly, the eyeball tracking assembly comprises an illumination device 50 and an imaging device 60, the illumination device 50 is positioned on one side of the periphery of the first lens 10, and the imaging device 60 is positioned on the other side of the periphery of the first lens 10 opposite to the illumination device 50; the light emitted from the illumination device 50 is incident on the human eye 01 after passing through the second lens 20 and the third lens 30, reflected by the human eye 01, and then transmitted through the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 again, and is incident on the imaging device 60.
According to the near-eye display module provided by the embodiment of the application, the eye tracking assembly is introduced into the folded light path structural design, referring to fig. 1, the eye tracking assembly comprises an illumination device 50 and an imaging device 60, light rays emitted by the illumination device 50 penetrate through the second lens 20 and the third lens 30 and then enter the human eye 01, reflected by the human eye 01 and then penetrate through the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 again, and then enter the imaging device 60. The imaging device 60 receives light for capturing an image of the user's eyes. The eyeball position of the user can be obtained through the eyeball tracking assembly, namely, the eyeball position in the human eye 01 can be tracked in real time through the eyeball tracking assembly. This gives the near-eye display module an eye tracking function.
By adding the eyeball tracking component in the near-eye display module, the specific eyeball position of a user can be tracked, and the two effects can be brought: on the one hand, according to the tracked eyeball position, the interpupillary distance of the user can be obtained, so that the near-eye display module can start an accurate interpupillary distance adjusting function, and the near-eye display module can be accurately matched with the interpupillary distance of the user when in use, and discomfort caused by mismatching of the interpupillary distance of the user and worn equipment can be avoided; on the other hand, the rendering of the gaze point (gaze point) can be realized according to the position of the tracked eyeball, namely, the module can capture the gaze angle of the eyeball so as to find the gaze point, and the rendering of some detail aspects can be performed near the gaze point, so that the imaging quality is improved, and the user can obtain good visual experience.
It should be noted that, in the optical display module without eye tracking, if the frame needs to be rendered, the whole frame is generally rendered, which has a high requirement on the hardware of the rendered computer and increases the production cost. In fact, the best way to render a picture is to render near the gaze point of the user's eyes. This is because the image seen near the gaze point is clearer, and the image seen more toward the periphery is more blurred. The method and the device can achieve picture rendering near the gaze point of the eyes of the user.
In the embodiment of the present application, the eye tracking assembly includes an illumination device 50 and an imaging device 60, the illumination device 50 is located at one side of the periphery of the first lens 10, the imaging device 60 is located at the other side of the periphery of the first lens 10 opposite to the illumination device 50, in the design of each lens provided in the embodiment of the present application, by limiting the outer diameter size relationship of each lens, that is, the outer diameter D1 of the first lens 10 < the outer diameter D2 of the second lens 20 < the outer diameter D3 of the third lens 30, so that a containing space can be formed at the outer circumferences of the two lenses at the left and right sides, the introduced eye tracking assembly is arranged in the containing space, so that any size increase is not introduced in the lateral direction and the longitudinal direction of the near-eye display module, so that the module volume is not additionally increased, and by arranging the illumination device 50 and the imaging device 60 in the two sides of the containing space respectively, the angle of the eye tracking assembly relative to the eye tracking module (the illumination device 50 and the imaging device 60) can be effectively reduced, so that the eye tracking accuracy of the eye tracking assembly is improved.
The near-eye display module provided in the embodiment of the present application is a folded light path structure, which includes, in addition to the first lens 10, the second lens 20 and the third lens 30, a light splitting element 90, a first phase retarder 73 and a polarization reflecting element 72, and these optical elements (optical films) can be used to form a folded light path between the lenses, so that light is folded back therein, and the thickness of the whole optical module is reduced. In addition, the number of lenses includes, but is not limited to, the three described above, and the number of lenses may be designed and adjusted according to specific needs.
In the near-eye display module provided in this embodiment of the present application, the light splitting element 90 may be a semi-transmissive semi-reflective film, and the light splitting element 90 may be used for transmitting a part of light and reflecting another part of light. It should be noted that, the reflectivity of the light splitting element 90 may be flexibly adjusted according to specific needs, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.
In the near-eye display module provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first phase retarder 73 may be a quarter-wave plate. It should be noted that the first phase retarder 73 may be configured as other phase retarders, such as a half wave plate, as required. The first phase 73 is used to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light or circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light.
In the near-eye display module provided in the embodiment of the present application, the polarizing reflection element 72 may be a polarizing reflection film. The polarizing reflective element 72 is a horizontally linear polarized light reflecting, vertically linear polarized light transmitting polarizing reflector, or any other linear polarized light reflecting at a specific angle and linearly polarized light transmitting at a direction perpendicular to the angle. The first retarder 73 is coupled to the polarizing reflection element 72, and can be used to analyze and transmit light. The polarization reflecting element 72 has a transmission axis, and the transmission axis direction of the polarization reflecting element 72 makes an angle of 45 ° with the fast axis or the slow axis of the first phase retarder 73.
It should be noted that, the arrangement positions of the beam splitter 90, the first retarder 73 and the polarizing reflection element 72 in the folded light path are flexible, but it is necessary to ensure that the first retarder 73 is located between the beam splitter 90 and the polarizing reflection element 72. Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the light splitting element 90 is disposed on a surface of the second lens 20 adjacent to the first lens 10, and the first retarder 73 is attached to the polarizing reflective element 72 and disposed on a surface of the third lens 30 adjacent to the second lens 20. Such an assembly is relatively simple. The spectroscopic element 90, the first phase retarder 73, and the polarization reflecting element 72 may be not only in a film structure but also may be provided as separate devices in a folded optical path.
As shown in fig. 1, the optical path of the near-eye display module in the embodiment of the application mainly includes two following components:
virtual reality light path: the circularly polarized light is transmitted to the second surface 12 through the first surface 11 of the first lens 10, then passes through the light splitting element 90 of the third surface 21 of the second lens 20, one part of the light is transmitted through the light splitting element 90, the other part of the light is reflected, the light transmitted through the light splitting element 90 sequentially irradiates to the second surface 21 of the second lens 20 and the fourth surface 22 of the second lens 20, then the light transmitted through the fourth surface 22 irradiates to the first phase retarder 73 of the fifth surface 31 of the third lens 30, at this time, the polarization state of the circularly polarized light is changed, the circularly polarized light is converted into linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light irradiates to the polarized reflecting element 72 again, at this time, the vibration direction of the linearly polarized light is different from the transmission direction of the polarized reflecting element 72, and the reflected light is reflected again through the first phase retarder 73, so that the linearly polarized light is changed into reflected light to sequentially pass through the second lens 20 and the first lens 10, and the circularly polarized light sequentially passes through the first lens 10 and the second lens 20 after the light is reflected again when the light passes through the light again the light reflecting element 90. At this time, the light is circularly polarized light, and after reflection, the rotation direction of the light is changed, and when the light passes through the first retarder 73 again, the light is converted into linearly polarized light again, and at this time, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light is the same as the transmission direction of the polarizing reflection element 72, and the light passes through the third lens 30, and is imaged at the position of the human eye 01.
Eye tracking light path: the light emitted from the illumination device 50 is transmitted through the second lens 20 and the third lens 30, then is incident on the human eye 01, is reflected by the human eye 01, then is transmitted through the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 again, and is incident on the imaging device 60.
In some examples of the present application, the included angle θ between the line of the highest outer diameter point of the first lens 10 and the highest outer diameter point of the third lens 30 and the direction perpendicular to the optical axis is as follows: θ is less than or equal to 50 °. In this parameter range design, a larger accommodation space can be formed at the outer periphery of the first lens 10 and the third lens 30, so that enough accommodation space is reserved for the illumination device 50 and the imaging device 60 in the eye tracking assembly, and the size of the whole module in the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction is not increased.
In the folded optical path provided in this embodiment of the present application, the second lens 20 is located between the first lens 10 and the third lens 30, and a certain space is reserved for arranging the illumination device 50 and the imaging device 60 in the eye tracking assembly on the peripheral side of the first lens 10 due to the need, so as to design the outer diameter D of the third lens 30 3 < outer diameter D of the first lens 10 1 . Meanwhile, in order that the illumination device 50 and the imaging device 60 in the eye tracking assembly are not interfered by the second lens 20, therefore, the outer diameter D of the second lens 20 2 Should be between the outer diameter D of the third lens 30 3 And an outer diameter D of the first lens 10 1 Between, i.e. the outer diameter D of the third lens 30 3 < outer diameter D of the second lens 20 2 < outer diameter D of the first lens 10 1 . It is worth noting that in the embodiment of the present application, the outer diameter D of the first lens 10 1 An outer diameter D of the second lens 20 2 And an outer diameter D of the third lens 30 3 The difference between the two can be flexibly adjusted according to the size requirement of the assembly space without specific numerical limitation.
In some examples of the present application, referring to fig. 1, the illumination device 50 includes an infrared light source 51 and the imaging device 60 includes an infrared camera 61. The illumination device 50 includes an infrared light source 51, which can emit infrared light, and the infrared light is incident on the human eye 01 after passing through the second lens 20 and the third lens 30, reflected by the human eye 01, and then passes through the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 again, and is incident on the imaging device 60.
Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the lighting device 50 further includes a first reflecting structure 52, where the first reflecting structure 52 is located on a light emitting path of the infrared light source 51, and at least part of light emitted by the infrared light source 51 can be reflected into the second lens 20 and the third lens 30 by the first reflecting structure 52; the imaging device 60 further includes a second reflecting structure 62, where the second reflecting structure 62 is located on the light incident path of the infrared imaging device 61, at least part of the light emitted by the infrared light source 51 can be transmitted to the third lens 30 and the second lens 20, and the emitted light is reflected by the second reflecting structure 62 to the infrared imaging device 61. That is, for the eye tracking assembly introduced into the near-eye display module, the first reflecting structure 52 and the second reflecting structure 62 can be correspondingly added in the illumination device 50 and the imaging device 60, the illumination device 50 emits infrared light, the infrared light is incident to the human eye 01 after passing through the second lens 20 and the third lens 30, is reflected by the human eye 01, passes through the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 again, and is incident to the imaging device 60, the optical path length can be properly increased, and more infrared light can be received, which is also beneficial to improving the precision of eye tracking to a certain extent.
In some examples of the present application, the first reflective structure and the second reflective structure may be flat mirrors or curved mirrors, as shown with reference to fig. 1 and 9. It should be noted that, whether the first reflecting structure and the second reflecting structure are plane mirrors or curved mirrors, the functions implemented are to reflect infrared light, and the structure itself does not limit the function of the first reflecting structure and the second reflecting structure in the eye tracking assembly.
In addition, in the eye tracking assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first reflection structure is not higher than the highest point of the outer diameter of the third lens, and the second reflection structure is not lower than the lowest point of the outer diameter of the third lens. The parameter design defines the position of the eye tracking assembly in the optical module, that is, the accommodating space is formed at the peripheries of the first lens 10 and the third lens 30, the introduced eye tracking assembly is arranged in the accommodating space and cannot exceed the positions outside the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of the near-eye display module, so that the volume of the whole optical module cannot be additionally increased, and the illumination device 50 and the imaging device 60 in the eye tracking assembly are respectively arranged at two sides of the accommodating space, so that the angle of the human eye 01 relative to the eye tracking module (the illumination device 50 and the imaging device 60) can be effectively reduced, and the precision of the eye tracking assembly is improved.
In some examples of the present application, the eye tracking assembly further includes a first driving device configured to drive the first reflective structure 52 to oscillate, and a second driving device configured to drive the second reflective structure 62 to oscillate, so as to satisfy the adjustment of the dynamic range of the human eye.
Specifically, in some examples of the present application, the first swing angle α exists between the first reflecting structure 52 and the optical axis, and the second swing angle β exists between the second reflecting structure 62 and the optical axis, so that: alpha is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 85 degrees, and beta is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 85 degrees. The above design can enable the first reflecting structure 52 and the second reflecting structure 62 in the eyeball tracking assembly to swing and scan within a certain angle range through the first driving device and the second driving device respectively, so that the eyeball tracking range is enlarged.
In some examples of the present application, the combined optical power of the second lens 20 and the third lens 30 is positive, the combined optical power phi of the second lens 20 and the third lens 30 23 The method meets the following conditions: phi is more than or equal to 0 23 Less than or equal to 0.1. Referring to fig. 1, the illumination device 50 includes an infrared light source 51, and may emit an infrared light, where the infrared light is transmitted through the second lens 20 and the third lens 30 and then is incident on the human eye 01, reflected by the human eye 01 and then transmitted through the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 again, and incident on the imaging device 60, and when the combined focal power of the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 is set to be positive, the incident angle of the light reflected by the human eye 01 relative to the imaging device 60 after sequentially transmitted through the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 may be correspondingly reduced, so that the positioning accuracy of the eyeball may be improved. Wherein the optical power of the second lens 20 is positive, the optical power of the third lens 30 is positive, for example, the optical power range of the second lens 20 is The third lens 30 has an optical power range +.>
Wherein the center thickness T of the second lens 20 2 In the range of 3mm < T 2 < 10mm, comprising two optical faces, see fig. 1, a third surface 21 close to the first lens 10 and a fourth surface 22 close to the third lens 30, respectively. Center thickness T of the third lens 30 3 In the range of 3mm < T 3 < 10mm, comprising two optical faces, see fig. 1, a fifth surface 31 close to the second lens 20 and a sixth surface 32 facing away from the second lens 20, respectively.
In some examples of the present application, the optical power of the first lens is positive, and the system optical power Φ of the near-eye display module satisfies: phi is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.15.
For example, the first lens 10 has an optical power range of
Wherein the center thickness T of the first lens 10 1 In the range of 1mm < T 1 < 10mm, comprising two optical faces, see fig. 1, a first surface 11 facing away from the second lens 20 and a second surface 12 adjacent to the second lens 20, respectively.
Optionally, the first surface 11 and the second surface 12 are aspheric or planar.
Optionally, the light splitting element 90 is disposed on the third surface 21, and the third surface 21 may be a plane or an aspheric surface.
Optionally, an anti-reflection film may be optionally provided on the fourth surface 22. The fourth surface 22 may be planar or aspherical. It is worth to say that the anti-reflection film can reduce reflection, reduce reflection energy and improve light efficiency utilization rate. The anti-reflection film can be formed on the optical component in a sticking or coating mode to form interfaces, so that the transmittance is increased, the reflectivity is reduced, the image distortion is reduced, a user can enjoy clearer image quality, and the glare is reduced.
Alternatively, the fifth surface 31 may be designed as an aspherical surface, the sixth surface 32 may be designed as a planar or aspherical surface. The first phase retarder 73 and the polarizing reflection element 72 forming a folded optical path may be stacked and disposed on the fifth surface 31 of the third lens 30.
Optionally, an anti-reflection film is also optionally provided on the sixth surface 32.
In some examples of the present application, referring to fig. 1 and 11, the near-eye display module further includes a display screen 40, where the display screen 40 is located on a side of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20;
the display screen 40 is configured to emit circularly polarized light or natural light;
When the light emitted by the display screen 40 is natural light, a second stacked film layer 80 is disposed between the first lens 10 and the second lens 20, and can be used to convert the natural light into circularly polarized light and then enter the second lens 20 and the third lens 30.
When the display screen 40 emits natural light, the natural light needs to be converted into polarized light, so that the natural light is converted into circularly polarized light and then enters the left imaging lens group, and finally, the light emitted by the imaging lens group is transmitted into the human eye 01 for imaging.
Optionally, the second stacked film layer 80 is disposed on a surface of the first lens 10 away from the display screen 40; the second stacked film 80 includes a second phase retarder 82, a second polarizing element 83, and a third phase retarder 84, wherein the second polarizing element 83 is located between the second phase retarder 82 and the third phase retarder 84.
In the embodiment of the present application, the means for converting natural light into circularly polarized light is the second stacked film layer 80 described above. The lamination sheet 80 includes two retarders and a polarizing element disposed between the two retarders. Specifically, the display 40 emits natural light, which is still natural light after passing through the third phase retarder 84, is linearly polarized after passing through the second polarizing element 83, and is circularly polarized after passing through the second phase retarder 82.
In the second stacked film 80, both phase retarders are, for example, quarter wave plates; one of the quarter-wave plates can be used to adjust the polarization state of light, and the other one of the quarter-wave plates is located at the outermost side, and can be used to block a portion of the incident light, specifically, the portion of the light is unwanted light in the imaging, and if the portion of the light is not blocked, the portion of the light is reflected back to enter the human eye 01 through the light-emitting surface of the display screen 40, which is disadvantageous for the final imaging.
In the embodiment of the present application, the second stacked film layer 80 is designed to be located on the second surface 12 of the first lens 10, referring to fig. 3, the second stacked film layer 80 includes a second anti-reflection film 81, a second phase retarder 82, a second polarizing element 83, and a third phase retarder 84 stacked in sequence, and the third phase retarder 84 is attached to the second surface 12.
Specifically, the second stacked film layer 80 is a composite film structure, and is formed by sandwiching a polarizing film between two quarter-wave plates. The second stacked film 80 is designed to be directly attached to the second surface 12 by, for example, optical adhesive. The assembly mode is simple, the production cost can be reduced, and the product yield can be improved.
In the near-eye display module provided in this embodiment of the present application, the second stacked film layer 80 is disposed between the display screen 40 and the first lens 10, so that the polarization state of natural light is converted, the natural light emitted by the display screen 40 can be converted into circularly polarized light, and then enters the folded light path structure on one side of the near-eye 01 for light foldback, and finally, the light can be emitted through the third lens 30 to form a clear image. This is favorable to promoting near-to-eye display module assembly's display effect for final imaging quality is good. Thus, the viewing experience of the user can be improved.
Optionally, the light-emitting surface of the display screen 40 is provided with a screen protection glass 100. Light emitted from the display screen 40 is transmitted through the screen protection glass 100 on the surface and enters the lamination sheet 80 to perform polarization state conversion.
In some examples of the present application, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first polarizing element 71 is further disposed in the imaging lens group, and the first polarizing element 71, the polarizing reflective element 72 and the first retarder 73 are sequentially stacked to form a first stacked film layer 70; the light splitting element 90 is disposed on a surface of the second lens 20 adjacent to the first lens 10, and the composite film 70 is disposed on a surface of the third lens 30 adjacent to the second lens 20.
Wherein the first polarizing element 71 may be used to reduce stray light.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the first stacked film layer 70 may further include a first anti-reflection film 74, and then the first anti-reflection film 74, the first phase retarder 73, the polarizing reflection element 72, and the first polarizing element 71 are sequentially stacked. The first stacked film layer 70 is attached to a surface of the third lens 30 close to the second lens 20, and at this time, an anti-reflection film may also be provided on a surface of the third lens 30 away from the second lens 20. The anti-reflection film can be formed on the optical component in a sticking or coating mode to form interfaces, so that the transmittance is increased, the reflectivity is reduced, the image distortion is reduced, a user can enjoy clearer image quality, and the glare is reduced.
In the near-eye display module of the embodiment of the present application, the light splitting element 90 and the first phase retarder 73 are disposed at intervals. For example, the beam splitter 90 is disposed on a side of the second lens 20 close to the first lens 10, and the first retarder 73 is disposed between the second lens 20 and the third lens 30, so that the beam splitter 90 and the first retarder 73 are disposed on both sides of the second lens 20, that is, the beam splitter 90 and the first retarder 73 are separated by the second lens 20. Of course, the beam splitting element 90 and the first phase retarder 73 may be mounted together and disposed on either side of the second lens 20, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
Alternatively, the polarizing reflective element 72 is attached to the first retarder 73 and then disposed on the surface of the third lens 30 adjacent to the second lens 20. In addition, the polarization reflecting element 72 and the first phase retarder 73 may be provided independently.
The near-eye display module of the present embodiment includes a first lens 10, a second lens 20 and a third lens 30, wherein the refractive index n ranges of the first lens 10, the second lens 20 and the third lens 30 are as follows: n is more than 1.4 and less than 1.7; the first lens 10, the second lens 20 and the third lens 30 have a dispersion coefficient v in the range of: v is more than 20 and less than 75. The imaging quality of the near-eye display module can be improved by adjusting the refractive indexes and the dispersion coefficients of the three lenses to be matched.
In a specific example of the present application, the refractive index of the first lens 10 is 1.54, and the dispersion coefficient is 56.3; the second lens 20 has a refractive index of 1.54 and an abbe number of 56.3; the refractive index of the third lens 30 is 1.54 and the dispersion coefficient is 55.7.
In the near-eye display module of this embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 15, a sagittal height d of a side surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20 is as follows: d < 1.5mm, d being the distance from any point on the side surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20 to the center point on the side surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20, to improve fringe field imaging quality by this parametric design.
The following describes the near-eye display module provided in the embodiments of the present application in detail through two embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the near-eye display module includes a first lens 10, a second lens 20 and a third lens 30 in order along the same optical axis; further comprising a spectroscopic element 90, a first phase retarder 73, a polarizing reflective element 72, and a first polarizing element 71; the first polarizing element 71, the polarizing reflecting element 72 and the first retarder 73 are sequentially stacked to form a first stacked film layer 70, and the first retarder 73 is located between the light splitting element 90 and the polarizing reflecting element 72; wherein, the focal power of the second lens 20 is positive, the focal power of the third lens 30 is positive, and the combined focal power of the second lens 20 and the third lens 30 is 0.0568; the light splitting element 90 is located on the third surface 21 of the second lens 20, and the first stacked film 70 is disposed on the fifth surface 31 of the third lens 30; the focal power of the first lens 10 is positive, and the system focal power of the near-eye display module is 0.0566;
an outer diameter D1 of the first lens, an outer diameter D2 of the second lens, and an outer diameter D3 of the third lens satisfy: d1 is more than D2 and less than D3, so that accommodating spaces can be formed on the peripheries of the two lenses on the left side and the right side;
The near-eye display module further comprises an eyeball tracking assembly, the eyeball tracking assembly comprises an illumination device 50 and an imaging device 60, the illumination device 50 is positioned on one side of the periphery of the first lens 10, and the imaging device 60 is positioned on the other side of the periphery of the first lens 10 opposite to the illumination device 50; the light emitted from the illumination device 50 is incident to the human eye 01 after passing through the second lens 20 and the third lens 30, reflected by the human eye 01, and then transmitted through the third lens 30 and the second lens 20 again, and is incident to the imaging device 60;
the near-eye display module further comprises a display screen 40, wherein the display screen 40 is positioned on one side of the first lens 10 away from the second lens 20; the display screen 40 is capable of emitting natural light, and the second surface 12 of the first lens 10 is provided with a second stacked film 80 for converting the natural light into circularly polarized light and then injecting the circularly polarized light into the second lens 20 and the third lens 30; the second stacked film 80 includes a second phase retarder 82, a second polarizing element 83, and a third phase retarder 84, wherein the second polarizing element 83 is located between the second phase retarder 82 and the third phase retarder 84.
Table 1 shows optical parameters of each lens in the near-eye display module provided in example 1.
TABLE 1
According to the near-eye display module shown in the above example, please continue to see fig. 1, the propagation of the virtual imaging light is understood as follows: the display screen 40 emits natural light, transmits the natural light to the first lens 10, changes the natural light into linear polarized light through the second polarizing element 83, changes the linear polarized light through the second phase retarder 82, changes the linear polarized light into circular polarized light through the first phase retarder 73, changes the linear polarized light (P-ray) through the first phase retarder 73, and transmits the linear polarized light (S-ray) to the human eye 01 after the light transmitted through the third lens 30, wherein the light transmitted through the first phase retarder 90 sequentially irradiates the second surface 21 of the second lens 20 and the fourth surface 22 of the second lens 20, and then irradiates the first phase retarder 73 of the fifth surface 31 of the third lens 30, changes the linear polarized light (S-ray) through the first phase retarder 73, changes the linear polarized light (P-ray) through the first phase retarder 73, and transmits the linear polarized light (P-ray) through the third surface 21 of the second lens 20.
For the near-eye display module provided in the above embodiment 1, the optical performance of the near-eye display module may be as shown in fig. 4 to 7: fig. 4 is a schematic view of a dot column of the near-eye display module, fig. 5 is an MTF graph of the near-eye display module, fig. 6 is a field curvature distortion graph of the near-eye display module, and fig. 7 is a vertical axis color difference graph of the near-eye display module.
The point column graph refers to a dispersion graph scattered in a certain range, which can be used for evaluating the imaging quality of the near-eye display module set, after a plurality of light rays emitted by one point pass through the near-eye display module set, the intersection point of the light rays and the image plane is not concentrated at the same point due to aberration. As shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment 1, the maximum value of the image points in the point train image corresponds to the maximum field of view, and the maximum value of the image points in the point train image is less than 8 μm.
The MTF curve graph is a modulation transfer function graph, and the imaging definition of the near-eye display module is represented by the contrast ratio of the black-white line pair. As shown in FIG. 5, the MTF in this example 1 was >0.3 at 40lp/mm, and the center MTF was >0.7 at 40lp/mm, resulting in clear imaging.
The distortion map reflects the difference of image plane positions of clear images of different view fields, and in the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 6, the maximum distortion occurs in 1 view field, and the absolute value is less than 30%; the field curvature map reflects the difference of image plane positions of the clear images of different fields of view, and in the embodiment 1, the field curvature maximum value is smaller than 5mm.
The vertical axis chromatic aberration is also called as chromatic aberration of magnification, and mainly refers to a multi-color principal ray of an object side, which is changed into a plurality of rays when exiting from an image side due to chromatic dispersion of a refraction system, and the difference of focus positions of blue light and red light on an image plane. In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 7, the maximum color difference value of the near-eye display module is less than 200 μm.
As shown in fig. 8, the first lens 10 is slightly concave toward the display screen 40, and the sagittal height d of the surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20 is as follows: d < 0.51mm, d being the distance from any point on the side surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20 to the center point on the side surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20, to improve fringe field imaging quality by this parametric design.
Example 2
The near-eye display module provided in embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 11, is different from the near-eye display module provided in embodiment 1 in that the first lens 10 slightly protrudes toward the display screen 40.
Table 2 shows the optical parameters of each lens in the near-eye display module provided in example 2.
TABLE 2
For the near-eye display module provided in the above embodiment 2, the optical performance of the near-eye display module is not greatly different from that of the near-eye display module shown in the above embodiment 1, and fig. 12 to 15 may be continued.
As shown in fig. 12, in the present embodiment 2, the maximum value of the image points in the point train image corresponds to the maximum field of view, and the maximum value of the image points in the point train image is less than 9 μm.
As shown in FIG. 13, in this example 2, the MTF was >0.5 at 40lp/mm, and the center MTF was >0.8 at 40lp/mm, resulting in clear imaging.
As shown in fig. 14, in the present embodiment 2, the distortion occurs at 1 field of view at maximum, and the absolute value is less than 35%; in case 2, the field curvature maximum is less than 6mm.
As shown in fig. 15, in embodiment 2, the maximum color difference value of the near-eye display module is less than 200 μm.
According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is also provided a head-mounted display device, including a housing, and a near-eye display module set as described above.
As shown in fig. 16, the first lens 10 slightly protrudes toward the display screen 40, and the sagittal height d of the surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20 satisfies: d < 1.3mm, d being the distance from any point on the side surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20 to the center point on the side surface of the first lens 10 facing away from the second lens 20, to improve fringe field imaging quality by this parametric design.
The head-mounted display device is, for example, a VR head-mounted device, including VR glasses or VR helmets, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.
The specific implementation manner of the head-mounted display device in this embodiment may refer to each embodiment of the above-mentioned near-eye display module, so at least the technical solution of the above-mentioned embodiment has all the beneficial effects, which are not described in detail herein.
The foregoing embodiments mainly describe differences between the embodiments, and as long as there is no contradiction between different optimization features of the embodiments, the embodiments may be combined to form a better embodiment, and in consideration of brevity of line text, no further description is given here.
Although some specific embodiments of the present application have been described in detail by way of example, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. The scope of the application is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. The utility model provides a near-to-eye display module assembly, its characterized in that includes first lens, second lens and third lens in proper order along same optical axis, the external diameter D1 of first lens, the external diameter D2 of second lens and the external diameter D3 of third lens satisfies: d1 is more than D2 and less than D3;
The near-eye display module further comprises a light splitting element, a first phase retarder and a polarization reflecting element, wherein the light splitting element is positioned on any side of the first lens, and the first phase retarder and the polarization reflecting element are positioned between the second lens and the third lens;
the near-eye display module further comprises an eyeball tracking assembly, wherein the eyeball tracking assembly comprises an illumination device and an imaging device, the illumination device is positioned on one side of the periphery of the first lens, and the imaging device is positioned on the other side of the periphery of the first lens opposite to the illumination device; the light emitted by the lighting device is transmitted through the second lens and the third lens, then is incident to human eyes, is reflected by the human eyes, then is transmitted through the third lens and the second lens again, and is incident to the imaging device.
2. The near-eye display module of claim 1, wherein an included angle θ between a line connecting the highest outer diameter point of the first lens and the highest outer diameter point of the third lens and a direction perpendicular to the optical axis satisfies: θ is less than or equal to 50 °.
3. The near-eye display module of claim 1 wherein the illumination device comprises an infrared light source and the imaging device comprises an infrared camera.
4. A near-eye display module set as claimed in claim 3, wherein the illumination device further comprises a first reflective structure located in the light-emitting path of the infrared light source; the imaging device further includes a second reflective structure positioned on an incident light path of the infrared camera device.
5. The near-eye display module of claim 4, wherein the first reflective structure and the second reflective structure are planar mirrors or curved mirrors.
6. The near-eye display module of claim 4, wherein the first reflective structure is not higher than an outer diameter highest point of the third lens, and the second reflective structure is not lower than an outer diameter lowest point of the third lens.
7. The near-eye display module of claim 4, wherein the eye tracking assembly further comprises a first drive device operable to oscillate the first reflective structure and a second drive device operable to oscillate the second reflective structure.
8. The near-eye display module of claim 7, wherein the first swing angle α exists between the first reflective structure and the optical axis, and the second swing angle β exists between the second reflective structure and the optical axis, so as to satisfy the following conditions: alpha is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 85 degrees, and beta is more than or equal to 45 degrees and less than or equal to 85 degrees.
9. The near-eye display module of claim 1 wherein the combined optical power of the second lens and the third lens is positive, the combined optical power Φ of the second lens and the third lens 23 The method meets the following conditions: phi is more than or equal to 0 23 ≤0.1。
10. The near-eye display module of claim 1, wherein the system power Φ of the near-eye display module satisfies: phi is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.15.
11. The near-eye display module of claim 1, further comprising a first polarizing element, wherein the first polarizing element, the polarizing reflective element and the first phase retarder are sequentially stacked to form a first stacked film layer;
the light splitting element is arranged on the surface, close to the first lens, of the second lens, and the first stacked film layer is arranged on the surface, close to the second lens, of the third lens.
12. The near-eye display module of claim 1, further comprising a second stack of film layers disposed between the first lens and the second lens, the second stack of film layers comprising a second phase retarder, a second polarizing element, and a third phase retarder, wherein the second polarizing element is disposed between the second phase retarder and the third phase retarder.
13. The near-eye display module of claim 1, further comprising a display screen positioned on a side of the first lens remote from the second lens, the display screen configured to emit circularly polarized light or natural light.
14. The near-eye display module of claim 1 wherein a sagittal height d of a side surface of the first lens facing away from the second lens satisfies: and d is the distance from any point on the side surface of the first lens away from the second lens to the center point on the side surface of the first lens away from the second lens.
15. A head-mounted display device, comprising:
a housing; and
the near-eye display module of any one of claims 1-14.
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