CN115291412B - Three-dimensional display device and three-dimensional display method based on AR geometric optical waveguide - Google Patents
Three-dimensional display device and three-dimensional display method based on AR geometric optical waveguide Download PDFInfo
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- CN115291412B CN115291412B CN202211205685.4A CN202211205685A CN115291412B CN 115291412 B CN115291412 B CN 115291412B CN 202211205685 A CN202211205685 A CN 202211205685A CN 115291412 B CN115291412 B CN 115291412B
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- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention provides a three-dimensional display device and a three-dimensional display method based on an AR (augmented reality) geometric optical waveguide, and relates to the technical field of display. The three-dimensional display device includes: the light source comprises a light source component, a geometric optical waveguide and a display unit, wherein a waveguide cavity and more than one reflecting surface unit which are sequentially, uniformly and parallelly arranged in the waveguide cavity are formed in the geometric optical waveguide. The light source assembly is located on the side edge of the geometric light guide, light signals emitted by the switchable light source penetrate through the lens group and vertically enter the coupling-in surface of the waveguide cavity along the optical axis, and are sequentially emitted to the display unit through the reflecting surface unit to be displayed in a three-dimensional mode. Different directive property is shaded to the utilization is located the changeable light source of side and the realization of geometry optical waveguide, through adjusting the light source subassembly at the side from three-dimensional display device's fore-and-aft direction for three-dimensional display device's inner structure space increases, can be with the thinness of three-dimensional display device design, and the structure is compacter, can increase more optical element in inner structure as required by the demonstration, in order to promote display effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a three-dimensional display device and a three-dimensional display method based on AR geometric optical waveguides.
Background
The three-dimensional display technology is a display technology for forming a three-dimensional image in the brain by allowing two eyes of a person to see different parallax images. For example, when viewing a 3D movie, the polarized glasses may be worn so that the left and right eyes receive parallax images having different polarization angles, respectively, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional display effect. With the development of the technology, the optical element and the display screen can be integrated, the two-eye parallax image pair can be directly and spatially separated without the help of auxiliary glasses, and images are formed on corresponding eyes, so that a person can directly see a three-dimensional picture without using additional equipment, namely naked eye three-dimensional display.
In the related art, the naked eye three-dimensional display technology utilizes a backlight module to control directional backlight of left and right eyes, and alternately switches light sources, so that different parallax images are displayed through a display screen, and two images with parallax displayed by a display panel are fused into a three-dimensional image in the brain of a user after being sent to the left and right eyes of the user. However, the backlight module is usually located behind the display screen, and the backlight module includes a directional light source and other optical structures, and the structure space of the three-dimensional display realized by the backlight module is narrow, so that the thickness of the display screen cannot be reduced. In addition, the optical elements cannot be added according to the requirement to enhance the display effect due to the narrow structural space, and the user experience is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application mainly aims to provide a three-dimensional display device and a three-dimensional display method based on an AR geometric optical waveguide, which can expand the structural space of the three-dimensional display device, reduce the screen thickness of the three-dimensional display device and improve the user experience.
To achieve the above object, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional display device, including:
a light source assembly; the light source assembly comprises a switchable light source and a lens group arranged along an optical axis; the switchable light source is used for alternately transmitting a first optical signal and a second optical signal according to a first preset frequency;
a geometric optical waveguide; the geometric light guide comprises a first surface and a coupling-in surface, wherein the first surface is perpendicular to the light emergent direction, and the coupling-in surface is positioned on one side of the geometric light guide; a waveguide cavity is formed in the geometric optical waveguide, and a reflecting surface array is arranged in the waveguide cavity; the reflecting surface array comprises more than one reflecting surface unit which are sequentially, uniformly and parallelly arranged in the waveguide cavity;
the light source assembly is positioned on the side edge of the geometric optical waveguide, a first optical signal or a second optical signal emitted by the switchable light source penetrates through the lens group to be vertically incident to the coupling-in surface of the waveguide cavity along the optical axis, and is vertically coupled out from the first surface of the geometric optical waveguide to form a coupling-out area after being sequentially emergent through more than one reflecting surface unit;
the display unit is used for switching a first display state or a second display state according to a second preset frequency so as to perform three-dimensional display, wherein the first display state is used for receiving the first optical signal passing through the coupling-out area so as to form a first parallax image; the second display state is to receive the second optical signal passing through the coupling-out region to form a second parallax image.
In some embodiments, the coupling-in surface forms a coupling-in angle with the second surface, the array of reflective surfaces forms a reflective surface tilt angle with the first surface, the coupling-in angle being 2 times the reflective surface tilt angle.
In some embodiments, the geometric optical waveguide includes an end surface opposite to the coupling-in surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the reflecting surface unit includes an upper edge end connected to the second surface and a lower edge end contacting the first surface; along the direction from the coupling-in surface to the end surface, the projection point of the upper edge end of the reflecting surface unit on the first surface is coincided with the lower edge end of the reflecting surface unit at the previous position.
In some embodiments, the distance of the reflective surface unit from the coupling-in surface is positively correlated to the reflective surface unit reflectivity.
In some embodiments, the reflective surface array comprises N reflective surface units, and the reflectivity of the ith reflective surface unit is:
。
in some embodiments, further comprising: an optical lens to transmit the first light signal passing through the coupling-out region or the second light signal passing through the coupling-out region to the display unit.
In some embodiments, the second preset frequency is set according to the first preset frequency.
In some embodiments, the switchable light source comprises: a first light source to generate the first optical signal and a second light source to generate the second optical signal.
In some embodiments, the display unit is a liquid crystal display device.
In order to achieve the above object, a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a three-dimensional display method applied to the three-dimensional display device according to any one of the first aspects, the method including:
controlling the light source component to switch according to the first preset frequency so as to obtain the first optical signal or the second optical signal;
controlling the display unit to switch between the first display state and the second display state according to the second preset frequency so as to generate the first parallax image or the second parallax image.
The embodiment of the application provides a three-dimensional display device and a three-dimensional display method based on AR geometric optical waveguide, wherein the three-dimensional display device comprises: the light source assembly comprises a switchable light source, and the switchable light source is used for alternately emitting a first light signal and a second light signal according to a first preset frequency to serve as directional backlight signals of a left eye and a right eye. The geometric optical waveguide is internally provided with a waveguide cavity and more than one reflecting surface unit which are sequentially, uniformly and parallelly arranged in the waveguide cavity. The light source assembly is located on the side edge of the geometric optical waveguide, and a first optical signal or a second optical signal emitted by the switchable light source penetrates through the lens group to vertically enter the coupling-in surface of the waveguide cavity along the optical axis, is sequentially emitted through the more than one reflecting surface units, and is vertically coupled out from the first surface of the optical waveguide to form a coupling-out area. The display unit is used for switching a first display state or a second display state according to a second preset frequency so as to perform three-dimensional display, wherein the first display state is used for receiving a first optical signal passing through the coupling-out area so as to form a first parallax image; the second display state is to receive a second optical signal passing through the coupling-out region to form a second parallax image, and the first parallax image and the second parallax image received by human eyes are fused into a three-dimensional image in the brain, so that a user can view a 3D display effect without wearing an additional tool. In this embodiment, different directional backlight signals are implemented by using the switchable light source and the geometric light guide located at the side, the directional backlight signals emitted from the light source assembly are coupled to the display unit by using the geometric light guide, and the light source assembly is adjusted at the side from the front-back direction of the three-dimensional display device, so that the internal structural space of the three-dimensional display device is increased, on one hand, the three-dimensional display device can be designed to be thinner, and on the other hand, more optical elements can be added in the internal structure according to the display requirements, so as to improve the display effect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device in the related art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module in the related art.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a waveguide cavity according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a geometric optical waveguide according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a geometric optical waveguide according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a geometric optical waveguide according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a reflective surface array according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an image of a display unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
in the related art: the backlight module 100, the fresnel lens array 110, the liquid crystal display 120, the left eye path module 101, the left eye light source 102, the left eye optical assembly 103, the right eye path module 104, the right eye light source 105 and the right eye optical assembly 106;
in the embodiment of the application:
the three-dimensional display device 10 includes: light source assembly 200, geometric light guide 300, display unit 400, and optical lens 500;
the light source assembly 200 includes: a first light source 211, a second light source 212, a lens group 220;
the geometric optical waveguide 300 includes: waveguide cavity 310, first surface 311, second surface 312, coupling-in surface 313, end surface 314, first side surface 315, second side surface 316, reflecting surface unit 321, upper edge end 3211 connected to second surface 312, and lower edge end 3212 in contact with first surface 311.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
For ease of understanding, the following terms referred to in the present invention are first resolved:
geometric optical waveguide: namely, the AR geometric array optical waveguide, realizes the output of light rays or images through the stacking of array reflectors. Generally, a beam of light is coupled into a geometric light guide, and after multiple rounds of total reflection through a reflecting surface or a prism, the beam of light encounters a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror array, each mirror reflects part of the light out of the light guide, the remaining light is transmitted to continue to advance in the geometric light guide, and then the portion of the advancing light encounters another semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, so that the above "reflection-transmission" process is repeated until the last mirror in the mirror array reflects the remaining light out of the geometric light guide.
AR (Augmented Reality, AR): the method is a new technology for seamlessly integrating real world information and virtual world information, and is characterized in that entity information (visual information, sound, taste, touch and the like) which is difficult to experience in a certain time space range of the real world originally is overlapped after simulation through scientific technologies such as computers and the like, virtual information is applied to the real world and is perceived by human senses, and therefore the sensory experience beyond reality is achieved.
The three-dimensional display technology is a display technology for forming a three-dimensional image in the brain by allowing two eyes of a person to see different parallax images. For example, when viewing a 3D movie, the polarized glasses may be worn so that the left and right eyes receive parallax images with different polarization angles, respectively, thereby obtaining a three-dimensional display effect. With the development of the technology, the optical element and the display screen can be integrated, the binocular parallax image pair can be directly and spatially separated without the help of auxiliary glasses, and images are formed on corresponding eyes, so that a person can directly see a three-dimensional picture without using additional equipment, namely, naked eye three-dimensional display.
The applicant finds that, in the naked eye three-dimensional display technology of the related art, a backlight module is used for controlling directional backlight of left and right eyes, and light sources are switched alternately, so that different parallax images are displayed through a display screen, and two images with parallax displayed by a display panel are fused into a three-dimensional image in the brain of a user after being sent to the left and right eyes of the user. However, the backlight module is usually located behind the display screen, the backlight module includes a directional light source and other optical structures, and the backlight module is used for realizing the three-dimensional display, so that the structural space is narrow, and the thickness of the display screen cannot be reduced. In addition, the optical elements cannot be added according to the requirement to enhance the display effect due to the narrow structural space, and the user experience is poor.
Based on this, embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional display device and a three-dimensional display method based on an AR geometric optical waveguide, which utilize a switchable light source and a geometric optical waveguide located at a side edge to implement different directional backlight signals, utilize the geometric optical waveguide to couple out the directional backlight signals emitted by a light source assembly to a display unit, and adjust the light source assembly at the side edge from the front-back direction of the three-dimensional display device, so that the internal structural space of the three-dimensional display device is increased, on one hand, the three-dimensional display device can be designed to be thinner, and on the other hand, more optical elements can be added in the internal structure according to the display requirements, so as to improve the display effect.
Embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional display device and a three-dimensional display method based on AR geometric optical waveguides, and are specifically described in the following embodiments, where the three-dimensional display device in the embodiments of the present invention is first described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device in the related art.
Referring to fig. 1, it can be seen that the related art three-dimensional display device includes: backlight unit 100, fresnel lens array 110 and liquid crystal display 120. The fresnel lens array 110 is arranged between the backlight module 100 and the liquid crystal display 120, the long edge of the liquid crystal display 120 is vertically placed and refreshed from left to right, and the fresnel lens array 110 images two groups of backlight signals (distinguished by dotted lines and implementation in the figure) of the backlight module 100 on the liquid crystal display 120 respectively to display parallax images to the area where two eyes are located, so that a left-eye and a right-eye visual areas are formed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a backlight module in the related art.
In the figure, the backlight module 100 includes two backlight modules for providing illumination for a screen area of the same liquid crystal display 120, where the two backlight modules are a left-eye path module 101 and a right-eye path module 104, respectively, the left-eye path module 101 includes a left-eye light source 102 and a left-eye optical component 103, and the right-eye path module 104 includes a right-eye light source 105 and a right-eye optical component 106. When the liquid crystal display 120 refreshes the parallax image of the right eye (or the left eye), after the screen area in the liquid crystal display 120 is refreshed, the right eye path module 104 (or the left eye path module 101) of the backlight module 100 is turned on from off, the light emitted by the corresponding right eye light source 105 or the left eye light source 102 is refracted by the fresnel lens array 110, passes through the screen area, carries the parallax image information of the right eye (or the left eye), and is projected to the visual area of the right eye (or the left eye). Under the effect of persistence of vision, the user sees a complete right eye (or left eye) parallax image.
As can be seen from the above, the backlight module in the related art is usually located behind the display screen, the backlight module includes a directional light source and other optical structures, and the position between the backlight module and the display screen is limited, resulting in a narrow structural space. If backlight signals with different directivities are formed, fewer optical devices can be used, the operation space is narrow, and the thickness of the display screen cannot be reduced. In addition, if the backlight uniformity and the backlight directivity of the backlight module are poor, the optical elements cannot be added according to needs in a narrow structural space so as to enhance the display effect, the user experience is poor, and the satisfaction degree of the user on the product is reduced.
Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention provides a new structure of a three-dimensional display device based on an AR geometric optical waveguide, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the three-dimensional display device in this embodiment.
The three-dimensional display device 10 in the present embodiment includes: a light source assembly 200, a geometric light guide 300, and a display unit 400.
In one embodiment, the light source assembly 200 includes: the switchable light source may be two independent light sources capable of alternately emitting a first light signal (shown by a solid line in the figure) and a second light signal (shown by a dotted line in the figure) according to a first preset frequency, and the type of the light source is not limited, and may be, for example, an LED lamp, a laser, or the like. The lens group can be two independent lens groups aiming at two optical signals, and can also be a lens group which acts on the two optical signals together.
In an embodiment, a switchable light source comprises: a first light source 211 and a second light source 212, wherein the first light source 211 is configured to generate a first light signal and the second light source 212 is configured to generate a second light signal. In an embodiment, the lens group 220 may be a single lens or a zoom optical system including a plurality of lenses, and is mainly used to correspondingly adjust the optical paths of the first optical signal or the second optical signal emitted by the first light source 211 and the second light source 212, so that the optical paths meet the optical path requirements of the three-dimensional display device 10, and the specific structure of the lens group is not limited herein.
In an embodiment, the first optical signal is a left-eye directional light source for different parallax images during three-dimensional display, and the second optical signal is a right-eye directional light source for different parallax images during three-dimensional display. It is to be understood that, in an embodiment, the light source assembly 200 further includes a light switching controller for switching the state of the switchable light source according to a first preset frequency, so as to alternately generate the first light signal and the second light signal. In one embodiment, the first predetermined frequency is set according to the principle of persistence of vision of human eyes.
In view of the above, the light source assembly is removed from the backlight module of the three-dimensional display device in the related art, and the inner space of the three-dimensional display device along the display direction is not occupied, so that the thickness of the three-dimensional display device can be reduced.
In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 3, a waveguide cavity 310 is formed within the geometric optical waveguide 300, the waveguide cavity 310 having an array of reflective surfaces disposed therein. The geometric light guide 300 is configured to output light or an image by stacking the reflective surface units, and specifically, after a first light signal or a second light signal incident from the light source assembly 200 is transmitted through the lens group, the first light signal or the second light signal is coupled into the geometric light guide 300, and is transmitted by total reflection in the waveguide cavity 310 of the geometric light guide 300, because the waveguide cavity 310 includes the reflective surface array, the light signal transmitted in the waveguide cavity 310 changes a propagation direction when encountering the reflective surface array, and is coupled out from a preset coupling-out region, where the coupling-out region is an illumination light beam range in which the display unit 400 generates an illumination effect.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a waveguide cavity is shown. The waveguide cavity 310 may be regarded as a channel of light, and referring to fig. 3 and 4, the waveguide cavity 310 includes: a first surface 311 arranged perpendicular to the light exit direction, a second surface 312 opposite to the first surface 311, a coupling-in surface 313 at one side of the geometrical light guide, an end surface 314 opposite to the coupling-in surface 313, a first side surface 315 and a second side surface 316. Referring to fig. 3, a first surface 311 and a second surface 312 of the waveguide cavity 310 are parallel, the first surface 311 faces the display unit 400, and the coupling-in surface 313 is an inclined surface for receiving the first optical signal or the second optical signal incident from the light source assembly 200. It is understood that the present embodiment is not limited to whether the end surface 314, the first side surface 315 and the second side surface 316 are plane or curved, and may be designed according to the design requirements of the product. For example, the first side 315 is curved, the second side 316 is flat, etc.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, a reflecting surface array is located in the waveguide cavity 310, and the reflecting surface array includes a plurality of reflecting surface units 321, wherein the plurality of reflecting surface units 321 are sequentially arranged in parallel and uniformly in the waveguide cavity 310.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the light source module 200 is located at a side of the geometric light waveguide 300, and the switchable light source emits the first optical signal or the second optical signal through the lens set, which is illustrated by taking the first optical signal (solid line) as an example. The first optical signal passing through the lens group 220 is vertically incident on the coupling-in surface 313 of the waveguide cavity 310 along the optical axis, and is sequentially emitted from right to left through the plurality of reflective surface units 321, and then is vertically coupled out from the first surface 311 of the waveguide cavity 310 to form a coupling-out region, which is a coupling-out region enclosed by a dashed line in the drawing. Therefore, the geometric optical waveguide 300 allows the first optical signal or the second optical signal to be transmitted in the waveguide cavity 310 by total reflection, and the light transmitted by total reflection is coupled out of the geometric optical waveguide 300 by the reflection surface unit 321, so as to form an illumination backlight used by the display unit 400.
In an embodiment, since the width range of the outcoupling region is related to the position of the reflective surface unit, in order to enable the outcoupling region to cover the display unit 400, referring to fig. 6, the reflective surface unit 321 may be fully or nearly fully filled in the waveguide cavity 310. The term "tiling" means that after the angle and structure requirements of the reflector unit 321 are met, there is not enough space in the waveguide cavity 310 to put a new reflector unit 321, i.e., the resulting outcoupling area matches the display width of the display unit 400, which is illustrated by the black frame of the display unit 400 in fig. 6, and the display unit 400 can display three-dimensional images in the largest range. The meaning of being nearly full means that the coupling-out area can partially cover the display width of the display unit 400, satisfying the minimum three-dimensional display requirement, and a display boundary of the display unit 400 may appear to be wide, which cannot display a three-dimensional image. And is not particularly limited herein.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 7, a reflecting surface unit 321 may be filled in the waveguide cavity 310, wherein the reflecting surface unit 321 includes: an upper edge end 3211 connected to the second surface 312 and a lower edge end 3212 contacting the first surface 311 are aligned in the direction from the coupling-in surface 313 to the end surface 314, that is, in the right-to-left direction, in the waveguide cavity 310, a projection point of the upper edge end 3211 of the reflecting surface unit 321 on the first surface 311 coincides with the lower edge end 3212 of the reflecting surface unit 321 in the previous position. In addition, the projection sections obtained by projecting the reflecting surface units 321 onto the first surface 311 do not overlap with each other. The upper edge end of the reflecting surface unit is connected with the lower edge end of the reflecting surface unit at the next position in the embodiment, so that the continuity and the uniformity of light emitting of the coupling-out area can be ensured.
Referring to FIG. 7, since the first surface 311 and the second surface 312 are parallel, the thickness d of the geometric optical waveguide 300, i.e. the vertical distance between the first surface 311 and the second surface 312 in the waveguide cavity 310, and the included angle between the reflecting surface unit 321 and the first surface 311 is the inclination angle of the reflecting surface
The projection section obtained by projecting the reflecting surface unit 321 onto the first surface 311 is
The relationship between the three is described as:
in fig. 7, the structure in which the reflecting surface units 321 are sequentially and uniformly arranged in the waveguide cavity 310 and the projections of the reflecting surface units are not overlapped is the full structure described in the embodiment of the present application, the range of the obtained coupling-out region is maximum, and the uniformly arranged reflecting surface units can uniformly distribute light in the coupling-out region, so that the display accuracy of three-dimensional display can be improved.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5, the geometric optical waveguide 300 is used for performing total reflection transmission on the first optical signal or the second optical signal transmitted through the vertical incident coupling surface 313, and a part of light coupled out is vertically coupled out during the total reflection to form a coupling-out region. In this embodiment, the first optical signal or the second optical signal is transmitted by total reflection between the first surface 311 and the second surface 312 of the waveguide cavity 310, and therefore the design of the first surface 311 and the second surface 312 of the waveguide cavity 310 needs to satisfy the total reflection condition. In addition, the reflecting surface unit 321 transmits a part of the light during the light transmission process, so that the light continues to be transmitted along the light path, and reflects a part of the light, so that the light is coupled out along a direction perpendicular to the first surface 311 to form a coupling-out region, and the incident linear light source is converted into a surface light source to be coupled out as an illumination light source of the display unit 400.
In an embodiment, in order to ensure that the transmitted first optical signal or the transmitted second optical signal can be vertically incident on the coupling-in surface 313 and can be vertically coupled out after being transmitted and reflected by the reflective surface unit 321 to form a coupling-out region, an angle of the coupling-in surface 313 needs to be defined. In one embodiment, the included angle between the coupling-in surface 313 and the second surface 312 forms a coupling-in angle
Angle of coupling-in
In order to satisfy the following relationship:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is the inclination angle of the reflecting surface between the reflecting surface unit and the first surface.
In one embodiment, in order to make the optical signals passing through the geometric optical waveguide 300 in the coupling-out region all spread and uniformly distributed, the reflectivity of the reflecting surface unit 321 needs to be defined. In this embodiment, the distance between the reflective surface unit 321 and the coupling-in surface 313 is positively correlated with the reflectivity of the reflective surface unit 321. By positively correlated is meant that the greater the distance, the greater the reflectivity.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the reflecting surface units 321 may be sequentially ordered along the direction from the coupling-in surface 313 to the end surface 314, and the ordering order represents the distance from the coupling-in surface 313. Fig. 8 shows that the reflecting surface array includes N reflecting surface units 321, which are obtained by sorting according to the distance from the coupling-in surface 313: the 1 st reflective surface unit 321, \8230, the ith reflective surface unit 321, \8230, and the nth reflective surface unit 321, whereinThe reflectivity R of the reflecting surface unit i Comprises the following steps:
it can be understood that:
reflectivity R of the 1 st reflecting surface unit 321 1 Comprises the following steps:
at this time, the 1 st reflecting surface unit 321 can transmit the light energy E transmitted to the rear reflecting surface unit 321 1 Expressed as:
in order to ensure uniformity of the illumination beam, the reflectivity R of the 2 nd reflecting surface unit 321 2 Comprises the following steps:
in the same way, the reflectivity R of the ith reflection surface unit i Comprises the following steps:
as can be seen from the above, the reflectivity of the Nth reflecting surface unit 321 in the reflecting surface array
The reflectivity of the last reflector element 321, which is 1, is 100%, no transmission occurs, and all incident light is coupled out in a reflective manner.
In an embodiment, the reflective surface array includes 10 reflective surface units 321 uniformly arranged in sequence, and according to the above setting, the reflectivity of each reflective surface unit 321 is: 10.00%, 11.11%, 12.50%, 14.29%, 16.67%, 20.00%, 25.00%, 33.33%, 50.00%, 100.00%.
As can be seen from the above, in the embodiment of the present application, if the coupling angle and the inclination angle of the reflection surface satisfy the predetermined relationship, and the reflectivity of the reflection surface unit satisfies the predetermined relationship, and the reflection surface units are sequentially and uniformly arranged and fully spread in the entire waveguide cavity, the transmitted first optical signal or the second optical signal can be vertically incident on the coupling surface of the geometric optical waveguide, and can be vertically coupled out after being transmitted and reflected by the reflection surface unit to form a coupling-out area, and the coupling-out area (illumination beam area) formed at the same time is the largest, which can satisfy the requirement of three-dimensional display.
In an embodiment, the display unit 400 is configured to switch the first display state or the second display state according to a second preset frequency for three-dimensional display. The first display state is to receive a first optical signal passing through the coupling-out region to form a first parallax image; the second display state is to receive the second optical signal passing through the coupling-out region to form a second parallax image. In one embodiment, the first parallax image can be projected to the viewing zone of the left eye, the second parallax image can be projected to the viewing zone of the right eye, and the user sees the complete parallax image of the right eye (or the left eye) under the action of persistence of vision.
In an embodiment, the display unit 400 is a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device refreshes each frame of image and displays the image, the non-refreshed region of the current frame retains the parallax image of the previous frame, the display time is set according to the persistence of vision of human eyes, and each refreshing is to switch the first display state or the second display state. And when the display unit receives the switching signal at a second preset frequency, the display unit overturns the liquid crystal molecules in the driving pixel lattice. Due to the capacitive effect, the fet is able to maintain a potential state, so the liquid crystal molecules that have completed flipping will remain in this state until a refresh signal is received again.
In an embodiment, the switchable light source alternately emits the first optical signal and the second optical signal according to a first preset frequency, and the display unit 400 is configured to switch the first display state or the second display state according to a second preset frequency, where the second preset frequency is set according to the first preset frequency. In an embodiment, the first predetermined frequency and the second predetermined frequency have the same frequency, so as to avoid the problem that the first parallax image or the second parallax image of the left and right eyes is mistakenly sent to the inverse viewing area, which causes the three-dimensional display blur and the display effect is poor.
In the related art, in the application of the geometric optical waveguide in the AR imaging, an imaging surface of the geometric optical waveguide is a virtual image surface, which is limited to fall in front of an AR lens by three meters to five meters, and a human eye can observe a large virtual picture of 50 inches or 80 inches.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 9, a schematic diagram of an image of a display unit is shown.
In this embodiment, the parameter design of the geometric optical waveguide in the embodiment of the present application enables the coupling-out region to generate uniform backlight for lighting and displaying the display unit, and the formed imaging surface is not a virtual image surface but a real image surface, and the imaging position of the real image surface is close to the geometric optical waveguide 300 and is located on the display unit 400, so that a user can view a three-dimensional display picture without wearing an additional tool.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 10, the three-dimensional display device 10 further includes: further comprising: an optical lens 500, wherein the optical lens 500 is located between the geometric light guide 300 and the display unit 400, and the optical lens 500 is used for transmitting the first optical signal passing through the coupling-out region or the second optical signal passing through the coupling-out region to the display unit 400.
In one embodiment, the optical lens 500 may be a fresnel lens, wherein the fresnel lens includes: equal-height Fresnel lenses, equal-spacing Fresnel lenses and the like. In cross section, the surface of the Fresnel lens consists of a series of sawtooth-shaped grooves, the central part of each groove is an elliptic arc line, the angles of the grooves are different from those of the adjacent grooves, but the grooves concentrate light rays to form a central focus, namely the focus of the lens, and each groove can be regarded as an independent small lens to regulate the light rays into parallel light or concentrated light. In this embodiment, the fresnel lens converges the collimated light beam incident from the coupling-out region to a certain viewing angle of the display unit 400. It can be understood that, parallel light rays passing through any part of the fresnel lens will converge to the same viewing angle, and without loss of generality, by changing the relative positions between the fresnel lens, the geometric optical waveguide 300 and the display unit 400, the position of the light ray converging viewing angle can be adjusted, and in this embodiment, the position can be adjusted according to the actual product requirements.
The three-dimensional display device based on AR geometric optical waveguide that this application embodiment provided includes: the light source assembly comprises a switchable light source, and the switchable light source is used for alternately emitting a first light signal and a second light signal according to a first preset frequency to serve as directional backlight signals of a left eye and a right eye. The geometric optical waveguide is internally provided with a waveguide cavity and more than one reflecting surface unit which are sequentially, uniformly and parallelly arranged in the waveguide cavity. The light source assembly is located on the side edge of the geometric light guide, and a first optical signal or a second optical signal emitted by the switchable light source penetrates through the lens group and is vertically incident to the coupling-in surface of the waveguide cavity along the optical axis, and is vertically coupled out from the first surface of the light guide to form a coupling-out area after being sequentially emitted through the more than one reflecting surface units. The display unit is used for switching a first display state or a second display state according to a second preset frequency so as to perform three-dimensional display, wherein the first display state is used for receiving a first optical signal passing through the coupling-out area so as to form a first parallax image; the second display state is to receive a second optical signal passing through the coupling-out region to form a second parallax image, and human eyes receive the first parallax image and the second parallax image and fuse the first parallax image and the second parallax image into a three-dimensional image in the brain, so that a user can view a 3D display effect without wearing additional tools.
The embodiment of the application utilizes the switchable light source and the geometric light guide which are positioned on the side edge to realize different directional backlight signals, the directional backlight signals emitted by the light source component are coupled out to the display unit by utilizing the geometric light guide, and the light source component is adjusted on the side edge from the front and back directions of the three-dimensional display device, so that the internal structure space of the three-dimensional display device is increased, on one hand, the three-dimensional display device can be designed to be thinner, on the other hand, more optical elements can be added in the internal structure according to the display requirement, and the display effect is improved.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides a three-dimensional display method based on the AR geometric optical waveguide, including: but is not limited to including step S110 to step S120.
Step S110, controlling the light source module to switch according to a first preset frequency to obtain a first optical signal or a second optical signal.
Step S120, controlling the display unit to switch between the first display state and the second display state according to a second preset frequency to generate the first parallax image or the second parallax image.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 11, a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional display method is shown, which includes the following steps:
step S111: a first light source generates a first light signal for left eye parallax;
step S112: the first optical signal transmitted by the lens group is used as illumination light and enters the geometric optical waveguide from the coupling-in surface of the geometric optical waveguide;
step S113: the illumination light is transmitted in the geometric optical waveguide in a total reflection manner;
step S114: in the total reflection process, the reflecting surface unit couples out the illuminating light to obtain an illuminating backlight to form a coupling-out area;
step S115: the uniform illumination backlight signals of the coupling-out area are converged to a display unit (such as a liquid crystal layer) through the focusing action of a Fresnel lens;
step S116: the display unit is in a first display state, and a first parallax image is displayed under backlight;
step S117: the first parallax image enters a visual area of a left eye;
step S118: switching the light source component at a first preset frequency to generate a second light signal, and switching the display unit at a second preset frequency to be in a second display state;
step S119: obtaining a second parallax image through the similar steps;
step S1110: human eyes see a three-dimensional display picture according to the persistence of vision principle.
As can be seen from the above, in the embodiment of the present application, different directional backlight signals are implemented by using the switchable light source and the geometric light guide located at the side, the directional backlight signals emitted from the light source assembly by using the geometric light guide are coupled to the display unit, and the light source assembly is adjusted at the side from the front-back direction of the three-dimensional display device, so that the internal structural space of the three-dimensional display device is increased, on one hand, the three-dimensional display device can be designed to be thinner, and on the other hand, more optical elements can be added in the internal structure according to the display requirement, so as to improve the display effect.
The specific implementation of the three-dimensional display method of this embodiment is substantially the same as the specific implementation of the three-dimensional display device, and is not described herein again.
In an embodiment, the three-dimensional display method may be applied to a three-dimensional display terminal or a server remotely connected to the three-dimensional display terminal, and the steps are implemented by using a computer program running in the terminal or the server. For example, the computer program may be a native program or a software module in an operating system of the three-dimensional display terminal; the application program can be a local application program, namely a program which can be operated only by being installed in an operating system, such as a client, or an applet, namely a program which can be operated only by being downloaded to a browser environment; but also an applet that can be embedded in any terminal APP. In general, the computer programs described above may be any form of application, module or plug-in. Wherein the terminal communicates with the server via a network. The three-dimensional display method may be executed by a terminal or a server, or executed by the terminal and the server in cooperation.
In an embodiment, the three-dimensional display terminal may be a three-dimensional liquid crystal display, a display panel, a handheld display, and the like, which is not limited herein.
The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments shown in the figures are not limiting, and may include more or fewer steps than those shown, or some of the steps may be combined, or different steps.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, wherein the units illustrated as separate components may or may not be physically separate, i.e. may be located in one place, or may also be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like in the description of the application and the above-described figures, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It should be understood that, in this application, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" for describing an association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships, e.g., "a and/or B" may indicate: only A, only B and both A and B are present, wherein A and B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", wherein a, b, c may be single or plural.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
The preferred embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present application is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalents and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the embodiments of the present application are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. A three-dimensional display device based on an AR geometric optical waveguide, comprising:
a light source assembly comprising a switchable light source and a lens group disposed along an optical axis; the switchable light source is used for alternately emitting a first optical signal and a second optical signal according to a first preset frequency;
the geometrical light guide comprises a first surface and a coupling-in surface, wherein the first surface is arranged perpendicular to the light emergent direction, and the coupling-in surface is positioned on one side of the geometrical light guide; a waveguide cavity is formed in the geometric optical waveguide, and a reflecting surface array is arranged in the waveguide cavity; the reflecting surface array comprises more than one reflecting surface unit which are sequentially, uniformly and parallelly arranged in the waveguide cavity;
the light source assembly is positioned on the side edge of the geometric optical waveguide, a first optical signal or a second optical signal emitted by the switchable light source penetrates through the lens group to vertically enter the coupling-in surface along the optical axis, and is vertically coupled out from the first surface of the geometric optical waveguide after being sequentially emitted by the reflecting surface units to form a coupling-out area;
the display unit is used for switching a first display state or a second display state according to a second preset frequency so as to perform three-dimensional display, wherein the first display state is used for receiving the first optical signal passing through the coupling-out area so as to form a first parallax image; the second display state is to receive the second optical signal passing through the coupling-out region to form a second parallax image;
the geometric optical waveguide comprises an end face opposite to the coupling-in face and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the reflecting face unit comprises an upper edge end connected with the second surface and a lower edge end contacted with the first surface; along the direction from the coupling-in surface to the end surface, the projection point of the upper edge end of the reflecting surface unit on the first surface is coincided with the lower edge end of the reflecting surface unit at the previous position;
the reflecting surface array comprises N reflecting surface units, and the reflectivity of the ith reflecting surface unit is as follows:
；
the three-dimensional display device further includes: an optical lens for transmitting the first light signal passing through the coupling-out region or the second light signal passing through the coupling-out region to the display unit;
the geometric optical waveguide comprises a second surface, a coupling-in angle is formed between the coupling-in surface and the second surface, the reflecting surface array and the first surface form a reflecting surface inclination angle, and the coupling-in angle is 2 times of the reflecting surface inclination angle.
2. The AR geometry optical waveguide-based three dimensional display device of claim 1, wherein the second predetermined frequency is set according to the first predetermined frequency.
3. The AR geometric lightguide-based three-dimensional display device of claim 1, wherein the switchable light source comprises: a first light source to generate the first optical signal and a second light source to generate the second optical signal.
4. The AR geometry optical waveguide-based three dimensional display apparatus of claim 1, wherein the display unit is a liquid crystal display device.
5. A three-dimensional display method based on an AR geometric optical waveguide, which is applied to the three-dimensional display device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising:
controlling the light source assembly to switch according to the first preset frequency so as to obtain the first optical signal or the second optical signal;
controlling the display unit to switch between the first display state and the second display state according to the second preset frequency so as to generate the first parallax image or the second parallax image.
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