CN110286496B - Stereoscopic display device based on front directional light source - Google Patents

Stereoscopic display device based on front directional light source Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110286496B
CN110286496B CN201910661201.9A CN201910661201A CN110286496B CN 110286496 B CN110286496 B CN 110286496B CN 201910661201 A CN201910661201 A CN 201910661201A CN 110286496 B CN110286496 B CN 110286496B
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light source
light
liquid crystal
display panel
crystal display
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CN110286496A (en
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吕国皎
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Chengdu Technological University CDTU
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Chengdu Technological University CDTU
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02FOPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Abstract

The invention provides a stereoscopic display device based on a front directional light source. The display device consists of a directional light source, a vertical scattering layer, a reflecting layer and a liquid crystal display panel. The directional light source, the vertical scattering layer and the reflecting layer are used for controlling the light propagation direction in the device, and by selectively controlling the illumination of part of the light sources in the directional light source, the emitted light is reflected by the reflecting layer to form a plurality of light projection areas, the liquid crystal display panel provides parallax images corresponding to the light projection areas, so that a plurality of visual areas can be formed in space, and when human eyes are in different visual areas, the parallax images corresponding to the human eyes can be seen, so that stereoscopic vision is generated.

Description

Stereoscopic display device based on front directional light source
Technical Field
The present invention relates to display technology, and more particularly, to stereoscopic display technology.
Background
The stereoscopic display device may be used for display of stereoscopic images. The common stereoscopic display device is composed of components such as a lenticular lens grating and a 2D display panel, provides parallax composite images through the 2D display panel, and realizes stereoscopic image display by utilizing the beam splitting effect of the lenticular lens. However, it is difficult to realize full resolution image display by the conventional stereoscopic display device, and thus the present invention proposes a stereoscopic display device based on a front directional light source, which realizes stereoscopic image display by providing a parallax image using a liquid crystal display panel and controlling a projection direction of the parallax image using the front directional light source. Compared with the traditional stereoscopic display device, the liquid crystal display panel only provides one parallax image in the same time slot and projects the parallax image to a designated visual area position by utilizing the front directional light source. Time-division multiplexing, it can project different parallax images at different viewing zone positions, thereby realizing high-resolution stereoscopic display.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a stereoscopic display device based on a front directional light source. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the stereoscopic display device based on the front directional light source. The stereoscopic display device based on the front directional light source consists of a directional light source, a vertical scattering layer, a reflecting layer and a liquid crystal display panel. The liquid crystal display panel, the vertical scattering layer and the reflecting layer are sequentially and closely placed.
The directional light source consists of a light source array and a first cylindrical lens grating, wherein the first cylindrical lens grating is formed by arranging a plurality of cylindrical lenses in the horizontal direction and is used for directionally projecting light rays in the horizontal direction. The vertical scattering layer is arranged in front of the reflecting layer and is composed of a second cylindrical lens grating, and the second cylindrical lens grating is formed by arranging a plurality of cylindrical lenses in the vertical direction and is used for scattering light rays in the vertical direction. The reflecting layer is a plane reflecting layer and can carry out specular reflection on incident light rays. The liquid crystal display panel is used to provide parallax images, and adopts a low scattering panel, which does not change the propagation direction of light.
The directional light source, the vertical scattering layer and the reflecting layer are used for controlling the light propagation direction in the device. In the directional light source, the light emitted by the light source array is projected through the first cylindrical lens grating in the directional light source, and the light can be projected to the vertical scattering layer, the reflecting layer and the position of the liquid crystal display panel and reflected by the reflecting layer. The light sources at different positions in the light source array are lightened, and the light rays can be directionally projected through the horizontal light splitting effect of the first cylindrical lens grating and are converged to different horizontal space positions after being reflected by the reflecting layer. In the above process, the vertical scattering layer may scatter light in a vertical direction so that the projected light may be distributed in a vertical projection area of each horizontal spatial position.
At the same time, part of the light sources in the light source array are lightened, so that only a unique horizontal space position has light projection in the time, and meanwhile, the liquid crystal display panel provides a parallax image corresponding to the light projection, so that a visual area can be formed on the horizontal space position. The light sources in the light source array are turned on sequentially in a time division multiplexing manner, and the liquid crystal display panel provides parallax images corresponding to the light sources, so that a plurality of viewing areas can be formed in space. When the human eye portions are in different visual areas, parallax images corresponding to the human eye portions can be seen, so that stereoscopic vision is generated.
Specifically, in the light source array, part of the light sources are lighted, the emitted light rays are projected through the first cylindrical lens grating in the directional light source and are incident to the liquid crystal display panel, the liquid crystal display panel does not change the rebroadcasting direction of the light rays, and the light rays reach the second cylindrical lens grating after passing through the liquid crystal display panel. At this time, the propagation of light is described in the vertical and horizontal directions.
In the horizontal direction, the second cylindrical lens grating is formed by arranging a plurality of cylindrical lenses in the vertical direction, does not have a lens condensing effect in the horizontal direction, and does not change the light propagation direction in the horizontal direction, so that the second cylindrical lens grating can be omitted. Therefore, after being reflected by the reflecting layer, the light rays are finally converged in the horizontal direction to form a visual area. This process is understood to be that the mirror image formed by the directional light source in the reflective layer will focus and project the light to the viewing area position due to the planar reflection effect of the reflective layer.
In the vertical propagation direction, the second cylindrical lens grating is formed by arranging a plurality of cylindrical lenses in the vertical direction, and has a lens condensing effect in the vertical direction. So that the light beam passes through the second cylindrical lens grating and then changes in propagation direction in the vertical direction. Then, after reaching the reflective layer and being specularly reflected, the light passes through the second lenticular lens again, and is scattered again in the vertical propagation direction.
Therefore, the light rays can form different viewing zones in the horizontal direction through the above process, and parallax images corresponding to the different viewing zones can be seen in the vertical projection areas in the viewing zones.
Preferably, the pixel pitch of the liquid crystal display panel should be greater than the second lenticular pitch.
Alternatively, the front and rear positions of the liquid crystal display panel and the vertical diffusion layer may be interchanged.
Alternatively, the first lenticular lens grating in the directional light source may be replaced with a slit grating.
Alternatively, the second cylindrical lens grating may be replaced with other optical structures having one-dimensional scattering capability, such as a cylindrical concave lens array, a holographic optical element, an irregular prism array, or the like.
In the invention, the resolution of the parallax image in each visual area is consistent with that of the liquid crystal display panel, so that the resolution loss in the traditional structure is avoided, and the high-resolution stereoscopic image display can be realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a directional light source according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a horizontal light path diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a view of a light path in a vertical direction in the present invention.
Icon: 010-a stereoscopic display device based on a front directional light source; a 100-reflection layer; 200-vertical scattering layer; 300-a liquid crystal display panel; 400-directional light source; 020-directional light source structure; 410-an array of light sources; 420-a first cylindrical lens grating; 030-the principle of horizontal direction splitting; 301-an image of a liquid crystal display panel in a reflective layer; 411-an image of the light source array in the reflective layer; 421-an image of the first lenticular lens grating in the reflective layer; 040-principle of vertical scattering, 210-second cylindrical lens grating.
It should be understood that the above-described figures are merely schematic and are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a stereoscopic display device 010 based on a front directional light source according to the present embodiment. In the figure, the x-coordinate represents the horizontal direction in space, the y-coordinate represents the vertical direction in space, and z represents the direction perpendicular to the x-y plane. Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a stereoscopic display device 010 based on a front directional light source, which is composed of a directional light source 400, a vertical scattering layer 200, a reflective layer 100 and a liquid crystal display panel 300. The liquid crystal display panel 300, the vertical scattering layer 200 and the reflective layer 100 are sequentially disposed in close proximity to each other.
The directional light source 400 is composed of a light source array 410 and a first lenticular lens 420, wherein the first lenticular lens 420 is formed by arranging a plurality of lenticular lenses in a horizontal direction, and is used for directing and projecting light in the horizontal direction, please refer to fig. 2. The vertical scattering layer 200 is disposed in front of the reflective layer 100, and is formed of a second lenticular lens 210, and the second lenticular lens 210 is formed by arranging a plurality of lenticular lenses in a vertical direction, for scattering light in the vertical direction. The reflecting layer 100 is a planar reflecting layer, and can reflect incident light in a specular manner. The liquid crystal display panel 300 is used to provide a parallax image, and employs a low scattering panel that does not change the propagation direction of light.
The stereoscopic display device 010 based on the front directional light source provided in the present embodiment will be further described below.
The directional light source 400, the vertical scattering layer 200 and the reflective layer 100 are used to control the direction of light propagation in the device. In the directional light source 400, the light emitted by the light source array 410 is projected through the first lenticular lens 420 in the directional light source, and the light can be projected to the vertical scattering layer 200, the reflective layer 100 and the liquid crystal display panel 300, and reflected by the reflective layer 100. The light sources at different positions in the light source array 410 are turned on, and the light rays can be directionally projected through the horizontal light splitting action of the first cylindrical lens grating 420 and are converged to different horizontal space positions after being reflected by the reflecting layer. In the above process, the vertical scattering layer 200 may scatter light in a vertical direction so that the projected light may be distributed in a vertical projection area of each horizontal spatial position.
At the same time, part of the light sources in the light source array 410 are lighted, so that only a single horizontal space position has light projection in the time, and meanwhile, the liquid crystal display panel 300 provides a parallax image corresponding to the light projection, so that a visual area can be formed on the horizontal space position. The light sources in the light source array 410 are sequentially turned on in time division multiplexing, and the liquid crystal display panel 300 provides parallax images corresponding thereto, so that a plurality of viewing zones can be formed in space. When the human eye portions are in different visual areas, parallax images corresponding to the human eye portions can be seen, so that stereoscopic vision is generated.
Specifically, the directional light source structure is similar to the structure of the conventional stereoscopic display device, the light source array 410 is similar to the 2D display panel of the conventional stereoscopic display device, and the first lenticular lens grating is a light splitting element. Each light source in the light source array 410 can be understood as a pixel on a 2D display panel, and its spatial location is also the same as that on the 2D display panel in the conventional stereoscopic display device. The light sources at the corresponding positions in each period may be projected by the first lenticular lens 410 and converged to form an optic zone. The light source array 410 is lighted up corresponding to the same visual area, and the emitted light is projected by the first lenticular lens 420 in the directional light source 400 and is incident to the liquid crystal display panel 300, the liquid crystal display panel 300 does not change the retransmission direction of the light, and the light passes through the liquid crystal display panel 300 and then reaches the second lenticular lens 210. At this time, the propagation of light is described in the vertical and horizontal directions.
In the horizontal direction, since the second lenticular lens 210 is formed by arranging a plurality of lenticular lenses in the vertical direction, it has no lens condensing effect in the horizontal direction, and it does not change the light propagation direction in the horizontal direction, the second lenticular lens 210 can be omitted. Referring to fig. 3, for clarity of the imaging process, the imaging path is optically expanded after omitting the element second cylindrical lens grating 210 that does not change the propagation direction. In fig. 3, the light source array 410 and the first lenticular lens 420 can form an image in the reflective layer 100, wherein the light emitted by the image 411 of the light source array 410 can be projected through the image 421 of the first lenticular lens 420. After the light source array images 410 to illuminate three groups of light sources at different positions, the first lenticular lens grating images 421 can project the light to the positions of the viewing areas 1-3. In this process, light passes through the image 301 of the liquid crystal display panel in the reflective layer and the liquid crystal display panel 300, respectively, thereby realizing parallax image display and forming 3 viewing zones.
In the vertical propagation direction, please refer to fig. 4 for light transmission. Since the second cylindrical lens grating 210 is formed by arranging a plurality of cylindrical lenses in the vertical direction, it has a lens condensing effect in the vertical direction. The light passes through the second lenticular lens 210 and then changes its propagation direction in the vertical direction. Subsequently, the light reaches the reflective layer 100 and is specularly reflected, passes through the second lenticular grating 210 again, and is scattered again in the vertical propagation direction.
Therefore, the light rays can form different viewing zones in the horizontal direction through the above process, and parallax images corresponding to the different viewing zones can be seen in the vertical projection areas in the viewing zones.
In summary, the principle of the present embodiment for implementing parallax image display in each horizontal direction is shown in fig. 3. At the first moment, in the light source array 410, the light source corresponding to the dot-dash line is turned on, and the light beam can be projected to the viewing zone 1 by the first lenticular lens 420, and meanwhile, the liquid crystal display panel 300 displays the parallax image corresponding to the spatial position of the viewing zone 1, so as to realize the parallax image display of the viewing zone 1. Similarly, at the second moment, in the light source array 410, the light source corresponding to the solid line is turned on, and the liquid crystal display panel 300 displays the parallax image corresponding to the spatial position of the viewing zone 2, thereby realizing the parallax image display of the viewing zone 2; at the third time, in the light source array 410, the light source corresponding to the broken line is turned on, and the liquid crystal display panel 300 displays the parallax image corresponding to the spatial position of the viewing zone 3, thereby realizing the parallax image display of the viewing zone 3. When the left eye and the right eye of the viewer are respectively positioned in different visual areas, the parallax images corresponding to the left eye and the right eye of the viewer can be respectively seen, so that stereoscopic vision is generated.
In the present embodiment, since the resolution of the parallax image in each viewing zone is identical to that of the liquid crystal display panel 300, there is no resolution loss in the conventional structure, and high-resolution stereoscopic image display can be realized.

Claims (4)

1. A stereoscopic display device based on a front directional light source, characterized in that: the stereoscopic display device based on the front directional light source consists of a directional light source, a vertical scattering layer, a reflecting layer and a liquid crystal display panel; the liquid crystal display panel, the vertical scattering layer and the reflecting layer are sequentially and closely placed front and back, wherein the directional light source is composed of a light source array and a first cylindrical lens grating, the first cylindrical lens grating is formed by arranging a plurality of cylindrical lenses in the horizontal direction and is used for directionally projecting light rays in the horizontal direction, the vertical scattering layer is arranged in front of the reflecting layer and is composed of a plurality of cylindrical lenses in the vertical direction and is used for scattering the light rays in the vertical direction, the reflecting layer is a plane reflecting layer and can be used for carrying out specular reflection on incident light rays, and the liquid crystal display panel is used for providing parallax images and adopts a low scattering panel without changing the propagation direction of the light rays; the directional light source, the vertical scattering layer and the reflecting layer are used for controlling the light propagation direction in the device, wherein the light emitted by the light source array is projected through the first cylindrical lens grating in the directional light source, the light can be projected to the vertical scattering layer, the reflecting layer and the position of the liquid crystal display panel and reflected by the reflecting layer, the light sources at different positions in the light source array are lightened, the light can be directionally projected through the horizontal spectroscopic action of the first cylindrical lens grating and reflected by the reflecting layer and then converged to different horizontal space positions, in the process, the vertical scattering layer can scatter the light in the vertical direction, so that the projected light can be distributed in the vertical projection area of each horizontal space position, at the same time, part of the light sources in the light source array are lightened, only the only horizontal space position has the light projection, and meanwhile, the liquid crystal display panel provides parallax images corresponding to the light source projections, the parallax images can be formed on the horizontal space positions, the light sources in the light source array are sequentially turned on, the liquid crystal display panel provides parallax images corresponding to the liquid crystal display panel, and accordingly, when a plurality of stereoscopic vision areas are formed, the stereoscopic vision areas can be different in different vision areas, and the stereoscopic vision areas can be seen.
2. A stereoscopic display device based on a front directional light source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front and rear positions of the liquid crystal display panel and the vertical diffusion layer are interchanged.
3. A stereoscopic display device based on a front directional light source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first lenticular grating in the directional light source is replaced with a slit grating.
4. A stereoscopic display device based on a front directional light source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the second cylindrical lens grating can be replaced by a columnar concave lens array, a holographic optical element and an irregular prism array.
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