CN113749111B - Application of folic acid in promoting grape fruit precocity, grape fruit precocity promoter and method - Google Patents

Application of folic acid in promoting grape fruit precocity, grape fruit precocity promoter and method Download PDF

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CN113749111B
CN113749111B CN202111162287.4A CN202111162287A CN113749111B CN 113749111 B CN113749111 B CN 113749111B CN 202111162287 A CN202111162287 A CN 202111162287A CN 113749111 B CN113749111 B CN 113749111B
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precocity
grape fruit
grape
folic acid
promoter
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CN113749111A (en
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郭大龙
何光琪
韦同路
李青海
裴茂松
刘海楠
余义和
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
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  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to application of folic acid in promoting grape fruit precocity, a grape fruit precocity promoter and a method, and belongs to the technical field of planting. Application of folic acid in promoting grape fruit prematurity is provided. The folic acid belongs to an environment-friendly medicament without toxic or side effect, can effectively promote the early ripening of grape fruits, is one of essential amino acids for human bodies, is favorable for the growth and development of organisms, and provides richer nutrition for the human bodies on the basis of the original nutrition of the grapes.

Description

Application of folic acid in promoting grape fruit precocity, grape fruit precocity promoter and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to application of folic acid in promoting grape fruit precocity, a grape fruit precocity promoter and a method, and belongs to the technical field of planting.
Background
The grape yield in China is the first in the world, and fresh grapes are mainly used for production. 'Kyoho' belongs to a middle-late-maturing grape variety, and is deeply favored by consumers because of large fruit grains, bright color and agreeable sour and sweet taste. Meanwhile, the method also has the advantages of strong adaptability, strong disease resistance, high yield, easy management and reproduction in production and the like, and the method is widely cultivated in a plurality of regions, provinces and markets in China. In recent years, the grape industry also plays an important role in the village pleasure strategy in China. However, most of the current grape cultivars are middle and late maturing varieties, mainly concentrated in late 7 months and late 8 months, and the concentrated maturation period causes the grapes to be large in quantity and low in price, so that the economic benefit is difficult to promote. The maturation period has become one of the important factors that limit the normal marketing and commercial value of grapes. Therefore, the grape early ripening is promoted, the field management cost can be reduced, the pattern that the grapes appear on the market in a concentrated mode can be broken, the grapes appear on the market in a staggered mode, the commercial value of the grapes is improved, and the economic income of vast fruit growers is increased. In view of the above, the present invention particularly provides a method for promoting the early ripening of 'Kyoho' grape fruits.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide application of folic acid in promoting early ripening of grape fruits, and solves the problems that the ripening period of middle-late-ripe grape varieties is concentrated, the grape quantity is large, the cost is low, and the economic benefit is difficult to improve at present.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a grape fruit precocity promoter.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a method for promoting the precocity of grape fruits.
The application of folic acid in promoting the early ripening of grape fruits adopts the technical scheme that:
application of folic acid in promoting grape fruit prematurity is provided.
The folic acid belongs to an environment-friendly medicament without toxic or side effect, can effectively promote the early ripening of grape fruits for 20-30 days, is one of essential amino acids for a human body, is favorable for the growth and development of organisms, and provides richer nutrition for the human body on the basis of the original nutrition of the grapes.
Preferably, the application of folic acid in promoting the early ripening of grape fruits comprises the following steps: and applying folic acid to the surfaces of young fruits which are grown 20-35 days after the grapes blossom.
Preferably, the variety of the grape is a middle-late maturing grape variety.
Preferably, the variety of grapes is Kyoho grapes or red globe grapes.
The technical scheme adopted by the grape fruit precocity promoter is as follows:
a grape fruit precocity promoter mainly comprises folic acid and solvent.
The grape fruit precocity promoter can effectively promote grape fruit precocity, and folic acid belongs to an environment-friendly medicament without toxic or side effect; meanwhile, folic acid is one of essential amino acids of human body, is beneficial to the growth and development of organisms, and provides more abundant nutrition for human body on the basis of the original nutrition of grapes.
Preferably, the concentration of the folic acid in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.1-1 mmol/L. When the concentration of folic acid in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.1-1 mmol/L, the grape fruit precocity promoter can effectively promote 20-30 days.
Preferably, the grape fruit precocity promoting agent further comprises a pH adjusting agent. Preferably, the pH value of the grape fruit precocity promoter is 6.8-7.3. For example, the pH value of the grape fruit precocity promoter is 6.85-7.11.
Preferably, the pH adjusting agent is a buffer salt. Preferably, the buffer salt is a phosphate salt. Preferably, the phosphate consists essentially of disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Preferably, the mass ratio of the disodium hydrogen phosphate to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.44-4.18: 1. For example, the mass ratio of disodium hydrogen phosphate to potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.44: 1.
Preferably, the grape fruit precocity promoting agent further comprises a surfactant. Preferably, the concentration of the surfactant in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.3075 g/L. Preferably, the surfactant is a silicone surfactant. Preferably, the silicone surfactant is a Silwet L-77 type surfactant. The surfactant is added into the grape fruit precocity promoter, so that the surface tension of the solution can be greatly reduced, the surfaces of young fruits can be wetted, the coverage of the folic acid solution on the fruit ears can be remarkably improved, the surfactant can enhance the permeability and the water scouring resistance of the folic acid solution on the surfaces of the grape fruits, the effective utilization rate of folic acid can be remarkably improved, and the folic acid solution can be attached to the surface of each fruit of the grape fruit ears so as to enable each fruit to be precocity.
Preferably, the grape fruit precocity promoter is obtained by a preparation method comprising the following steps: dissolving folic acid into an aqueous solution containing buffer salt to obtain a folic acid solution, adding a surfactant into the folic acid solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the folic acid-containing water-soluble nano-particles.
Preferably, the buffer salt is a phosphate salt. Preferably, the phosphate consists essentially of disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Preferably, the mass ratio of the disodium hydrogen phosphate to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.44-4.18: 1. For example, the mass ratio of disodium hydrogen phosphate to potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.44: 1. The aqueous solution containing the buffer salt and the grape fruit precocity promoter of the present invention are preferably used as they are, and are generally used immediately after the completion of the preparation. If the product is not used immediately, the product should be protected from light and placed in a refrigerator for refrigeration (2-8 ℃), and the refrigeration time is not suitable to be too long.
Preferably, the pH value of the aqueous solution containing the buffer salt is 7.17-7.38. For example, the pH of the aqueous solution containing the buffer salt is 7.17. The grape fruit precocity promoter is prepared by using a phosphate buffer solution with the pH value of 7.17-7.38, so that complete dissolution of folic acid can be ensured, and a sufficient amount of negative divalent HPO exists in a phosphate buffer solution consisting of weak base disodium hydrogen phosphate and weak acid potassium dihydrogen phosphate4 2-For the reason that when a certain amount of folic acid is added to the above phosphate buffer solution, H in folic acid+HPO whose ion can be negatively divalent4 2-The ions are consumed, thereby maintaining the neutrality of the folic acid solutions of different concentrations.
Preferably, the variety of grapes is Kyoho grapes or red globe grapes.
The method for promoting the early ripening of the grape fruits adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for promoting the precocity of grape fruits comprises the following steps: the grape fruit precocity promoter is applied to the surfaces of young fruits of grapes.
The method for promoting the early ripening of the grape fruits is convenient and simple to operate, has an obvious effect of promoting the early ripening, can effectively shorten the management time of the grape fruit period, saves the management cost, advances the marketing and selling time of the grapes, preempts the market opportunity, and further increases the economic income of fruit growers.
Preferably, the variety of grapes is Kyoho grapes or red globe grapes.
Preferably, the young fruits of the grapes are young fruits grown 20-35 days after the grapes blossom.
Preferably, the grape fruit precocity promoting agent is applied to the surface of young fruits of grapes by immersing grape ears in the grape fruit precocity promoting agent. The grape fruit cluster is soaked, young fruits can be in full contact with the folic acid solution, the early ripening of the grape fruits can be effectively promoted for 20-30 days, meanwhile, the folic acid solution contains the surfactant, the surface tension of the solution can be greatly reduced, the surfaces of the young fruits can be wetted, the coverage surface of the folic acid solution on the fruit cluster can be remarkably improved, the permeability is high, the washing resistance is high, and the effective utilization rate of folic acid can be remarkably improved.
Preferably, the concentration of folic acid in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.1-1 mmol/L.
Preferably, the soaking time is 5-10 min.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the development of the fruits of grapes treated in examples 4-6 and comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the specific embodiments.
The specific examples of the application of the folic acid in promoting the early ripening of the grape fruits are as follows:
soaking grape cluster of Kyoho grape 35 days after blooming in folic acid-containing solution.
Secondly, specific examples of the grape fruit precocity promoter of the invention are as follows:
example 1
The grape fruit precocity promoter of the embodiment comprises folic acid, a phosphate buffer solution and a Silwet L-77 surfactant, wherein the phosphate buffer solution comprises disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, the pH value of the phosphate buffer solution is 7.17, the mass ratio of the disodium hydrogen phosphate to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.44:1, the concentration of the folic acid in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.1mmol/L, the concentration of the Silwet L-77 surfactant in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.3075g/L, and the pH value of the grape fruit precocity promoter of the embodiment is 6.85.
Example 2
The grape fruit precocity promoter of the embodiment comprises folic acid, a phosphate buffer solution and a Silwet L-77 surfactant, wherein the phosphate buffer solution comprises disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, the pH value of the phosphate buffer solution is 7.17, the mass ratio of the disodium hydrogen phosphate to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.44:1, the concentration of the folic acid in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.55mmol/L, the concentration of the Silwet L-77 surfactant in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.3075g/L, and the pH value of the grape fruit precocity promoter of the embodiment is 7.06.
Example 3
The grape fruit precocity promoter of the embodiment comprises folic acid, a phosphate buffer solution and a Silwet L-77 surfactant, wherein the phosphate buffer solution comprises disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, the pH value of the phosphate buffer solution is 7.17, the mass ratio of the disodium hydrogen phosphate to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.44:1, the concentration of the folic acid in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 1mmol/L, the concentration of the Silwet L-77 surfactant in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.3075g/L, and the pH value of the grape fruit precocity promoter of the embodiment is 7.11.
Comparative example 1
The grape fruit precocity promoter of the comparative example consists of phosphate buffer solution and Silwet L-77 surfactant; the phosphate buffer solution consists of disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, the pH value of the phosphate buffer solution is 7.17, the mass ratio of the disodium hydrogen phosphate to the potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 2.44:1, the concentration of the Silwet L-77 surfactant in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.3075g/L, and the pH value of the grape fruit precocity promoter in the comparative example is 7.15.
Thirdly, the specific embodiment of the method for promoting the early ripening of the grape fruits of the invention is as follows:
example 4
The method for promoting grape fruit precocity of the embodiment uses Kyoho grapes as test material (simultaneously, tests are carried out on 10 grape plants with consistent growth conditions), and comprises the following steps:
in the first 6 th of the month, that is, 35 days after the flowering of grapes, grape clusters (5 bunches per grape plant) were completely immersed in the grape fruit precocity promoter of example 1 for 10min, so that the grape fruit precocity promoter was attached to the surfaces of the grape cluster fruits and the grape stalks. During soaking, the method is selected to be carried out in the morning of clear and calm, and the soaked fruit clusters are hung on a hanging tag to be marked. The soil, fertilizer and water management and the pest control of the vineyard in which the experiment is carried out are carried out according to the conventional method.
Example 5
The test material of Kyoho grape used in the method for promoting the precocity of grape fruits in this example is the same as that of example 4, and the only difference between this example and example 4 is that grape clusters (5 clusters per grape plant) which were not soaked with the grape fruit precocity promoter of example 2 are soaked with the grape fruit precocity promoter.
Example 6
The method for promoting grape fruit precocity of the present example uses the same Kyoho grape test material as that of example 4, and the only difference between this example and example 4 is that grape ears (5 clusters per grape plant) which are not soaked with the grape fruit precocity promoter of example 3 are soaked with the grape fruit precocity promoter.
Comparative example 2
The method for promoting grape fruit precocity of this comparative example uses Kyoho grape test material the same as that of example 4, and this example differs from example 4 only in that grape ears (5 clusters per grape plant) which are not soaked with the grape fruit precocity promoter of comparative example 1 are soaked with the grape fruit precocity promoter.
Examples of the experiments
By observing the development of the grapes treated in examples 4-6 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that the grape fruit early ripening accelerators of examples 1-3 can accelerate the ripening of the Kyoho grapes, the grapes treated in example 6 are advanced in ripening time by 30 days on average, the grapes treated in examples 4 and 5 are advanced in ripening time by 10 days and 20 days on average, respectively, compared with the grapes treated in comparative example 2, and the grapes treated in examples 4, 5 and 6 have uniform color and substantially uniform ripening, and the grapes treated in examples 4-6 and comparative example 2 are shown in FIG. 1.

Claims (10)

1. Application of folic acid in promoting grape fruit prematurity is provided.
2. Use according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: and applying folic acid to the surfaces of young fruits which are grown 20-35 days after the grapes blossom.
3. A grape fruit precocity promoter is characterized by mainly comprising folic acid and a solvent.
4. The grape fruit precocity promoting agent of claim 3, further comprising a pH adjusting agent; the pH value of the grape fruit precocity promoter is 6.8-7.3.
5. The grape fruit precocity promoting agent according to claim 4, wherein the pH adjusting agent is a buffer salt; the buffer salt is phosphate; the phosphate is mainly composed of disodium hydrogen phosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
6. The grape fruit precocity promoting agent of claim 3, further comprising a surfactant; the concentration of the surfactant in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.3075 g/L; the surfactant is an organic silicon surfactant; the organic silicon surfactant is a Silwet L-77 type surfactant.
7. The grape fruit precocity promoter according to claim 6, which is obtained by a production method comprising the steps of: dissolving folic acid into an aqueous solution containing buffer salt to obtain a folic acid solution, adding a surfactant into the folic acid solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain the folic acid-containing water-soluble nano-particles.
8. A method for promoting the precocity of grape fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps: the grape fruit precocity promoting agent as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 7 is applied to the young fruit surface of grapes.
9. The method for promoting grape fruit precocity according to claim 8, wherein the young grape fruit is grown 20-35 days after the flowering of the grape.
10. The method for promoting grape fruit precocity according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the grape fruit precocity promoter is applied to the surface of young fruit of grapes by immersing grape ears in the grape fruit precocity promoter; the concentration of folic acid in the grape fruit precocity promoter is 0.1-1 mmol/L; the soaking time is 5-10 min.
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