CN113740508A - Test method for simulating landslide to convert landslide into debris flow - Google Patents
Test method for simulating landslide to convert landslide into debris flow Download PDFInfo
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- CN113740508A CN113740508A CN202110942112.9A CN202110942112A CN113740508A CN 113740508 A CN113740508 A CN 113740508A CN 202110942112 A CN202110942112 A CN 202110942112A CN 113740508 A CN113740508 A CN 113740508A
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 231
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 183
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002083 X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow, which comprises the following steps of: step 1: sampling a soil body, screening the soil body, and constructing a soil body test model, wherein the soil body test model is positioned at the top end of a base rock plate, and a sensor module is arranged in the soil body test model; through setting up the body test model of different grade type, and then test the soil body test model of different properties, thereby can obtain more diversified test data, and can tentatively derive multiunit test data contrast, in the actual test process, when sand soil property lies in between the soil body test model of certain two kinds of differences, then in this sand soil, pore water pressure maximum value also lies in between certain two maximum values, and then can predict the conversion between landslide and the mud-rock flow according to the nature of actual rainfall and sand soil, thereby make counter-measures in advance, reduce actual loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geological engineering, and particularly relates to a test method for converting simulated landslide into debris flow.
Background
The landslide refers to the phenomenon that a soil layer or a rock stratum integrally or dispersedly slides downwards along a slope under the influence of factors such as river scouring, rainfall, earthquake, artificial slope cutting and the like. Landslide is also called land slide, and people also have common names of mountain walking, mountain collapse or mountain peeling and the like; the debris flow refers to a special flood flow which is generated on a valley or a slope under the action of ground running water formed by precipitation, dam break or ice and snow melting and carries a large amount of solid substances such as silt, stones and the like, and is commonly called as 'flood walking', 'dragon out', 'flood dragon' and the like.
At present, the consideration of a debris flow simulation test device mainly focuses on the length, the width and the gradient of a debris flow forming area and a circulation area, physical parameters of a channel source, an intersection angle of a stacking area and the like; the test devices restore and simulate the debris flow disaster conditions under different conditions to a certain extent.
In the test of converting landslide into debris flow, the property of soil has an important influence on the test data of converting landslide into debris flow, and in the existing test of converting landslide into debris flow, the property of a soil model is single, and the construction of soil models with different properties is troublesome, so that the test result is not accurate enough, and the test efficiency is low, therefore, the test method of converting landslide into debris flow is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the existing defects and provide a test method for simulating landslide to be converted into debris flow, so as to solve the problems that in the existing test for converting landslide into debris flow, the nature of a soil body model is single, and the construction of soil body models with different natures is troublesome, so that the test result is not accurate enough, and the test efficiency is low.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow comprises the following steps:
step 1: sampling a soil body, screening the soil body, and constructing a soil body test model, wherein the soil body test model is positioned at the top end of a base rock plate, and a sensor module is arranged in the soil body test model;
step 2: placing the soil body test model in a test box, wherein the test box is rotatably connected with a slope plate, the bedrock plate is connected to the inner side of the slope plate in a clamping manner, and an electric push rod is arranged at the bottom of the slope plate;
and step 3: performing rain simulation in the test box, wherein a spray pipe is arranged at the top end of the test box, and a flowmeter is arranged at one end of the spray pipe;
and 4, step 4: monitoring the soil test model, monitoring the soil test model through a monitoring camera on the outer side of the test box, and monitoring the internal change condition of the soil test model through the sensor module;
and 5: and analyzing the state change of the soil test model through the monitoring data of the sensor module and the flowmeter, and obtaining a test analysis result.
Preferably, the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: collecting mountain body sample soil on the spot, and analyzing the mineral composition of the soil sample by utilizing X-ray spectrum;
step 1.2: screening the sample soil to obtain quartz and clay minerals;
step 1.3: constructing the soil test model according to the obtained quartz and the clay minerals, wherein in the soil test model, the ratio of the clay minerals to the quartz is 3:7, 4:6 and 1: 1;
step 1.4: and uniformly arranging sensor modules in the soil test model, and detecting the soil pressure and the pore water pressure in the soil test model through the sensor modules.
Preferably, the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: opening a double door on one side of the test box, placing the soil body test model on the bedrock plate in the test box, combining the bedrock plate on the inner side of the slope plate, and then closing the double door;
step 2.2: and starting the electric push rod, pushing the slope plate to rotate through the electric push rod, and setting the angle of the slope plate to be 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees.
Preferably, the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: the spray pipe uniformly sprays to the soil test model through a spray head at the bottom;
step 3.2: in the spraying process of the spraying pipe, the flow meter monitors the spraying amount, and transmits monitoring data to the terminal computer through the acquisition device to obtain a change curve of the spraying amount L along with time t.
Preferably, the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: visually monitoring the soil test model through a monitoring camera on the outer side of the test box, and recording the change condition of the soil test model;
step 4.2: and acquiring monitoring data of the sensor module through an acquisition device, and obtaining a change curve of the soil pressure F and the pore water pressure P along with time t according to the data acquired by the sensor module.
Preferably, the step 5 comprises the following steps:
step 5.1: fitting curves obtained according to the sensor module and the flowmeter to obtain a relation curve of soil pressure F, pore water pressure P and spraying amount L;
step 5.2: and obtaining a test result according to the test data of the multiple groups of soil test models.
Preferably, in the step 2, a containing box is arranged on one side of the bottom end of the test box, which is far away from the electric push rod, and a through groove is formed in the bottom end of the test box corresponding to the containing box.
Preferably, in the step 1, the soil test model is subjected to spray soaking treatment when the thickness of the soil test model is set to be 10 cm.
Preferably, in the step 1, the total thickness of the soil test model is 60-70 cm.
Preferably, in the step 2, a transparent observation window is arranged on the outer side of the test chamber.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a test method for simulating landslide and converting the landslide into debris flow, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the invention, different types of body test models are arranged, and soil body test models with different properties are tested, so that more various test data can be obtained, and a plurality of groups of test data can be obtained preliminarily by comparison, in the actual test process, when the properties of sand are positioned between two different soil body test models, the maximum value of pore water pressure in the sand is also positioned between two maximum values, and the transformation between a landslide and a debris flow can be estimated according to the actual rainfall and the properties of the sand, so that the countermeasure can be taken in advance, and the actual loss can be reduced;
2. according to the invention, by arranging the sensor module, the sensor module can detect the soil pressure and the pore water pressure of the soil test model, so that the change condition in the soil test model is obtained, and the factor of converting landslide into debris flow is visualized, so that the fact that landslide is converted into debris flow in nature is more clearly known, and meanwhile, the authenticity of test data is increased;
3. according to the invention, the slope plate is arranged, the slope plate is connected with the soil body test model in a clamping manner, so that the slope plate is convenient to disassemble and install, the electric push rod is arranged at the bottom end of the slope plate, and the angle of the slope plate is adjusted through the electric push rod, so that the slope plate is more convenient to use during test operation, and the working efficiency is further improved.
The device has the advantages that the structure is scientific and reasonable, the use is safe and convenient, and great help is provided for people.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention without limiting the invention in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a flow structure of a test method for simulating landslide and converting the landslide into a debris flow according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a test box in the test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a main structure of a test box in the test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a test box in the test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow according to the invention;
in the figure: soil body test model 1, basic rock plate 2, sensor module 3, ramp plate 4, electric putter 5, shower 6, flowmeter 7, proof box 8, two 9, monitoring camera 10, containing box 11 of opening the door.
Detailed Description
In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow comprises the following steps:
step 1: sampling a soil body, screening the soil body, constructing a soil body test model 1, wherein the soil body test model 1 is positioned at the top end of a base rock plate 2, and a sensor module 3 is arranged in the soil body test model 1;
step 2: placing the soil body test model 1 in a test box 8, wherein the interior of the test box 8 is rotatably connected with a slope plate 4, the foundation slab 2 is clamped and connected to the inner side of the slope plate 4, and the bottom of the slope plate 4 is provided with an electric push rod 5;
and step 3: performing rain simulation in a test box 8, wherein a spray pipe 6 is arranged at the top end of the test box 8, and a flowmeter 7 is arranged at one end of the spray pipe 6;
and 4, step 4: monitoring the soil test model 1, monitoring the soil test model 1 through a monitoring camera 10 on the outer side of the test box 8, and monitoring the internal change condition of the soil test model 1 through the sensor module 3;
and 5: and analyzing the state change of the soil test model 1 through the monitoring data of the sensor module 3 and the flowmeter 7, and obtaining a test analysis result.
In the present invention, preferably, step 1 comprises the steps of:
step 1.1: collecting mountain body sample soil on the spot, and analyzing the mineral composition of the soil sample by utilizing X-ray spectrum;
step 1.2: screening the sample soil to obtain quartz and clay minerals;
step 1.3: constructing a soil body test model 1 according to the obtained quartz and the clay minerals, wherein in the soil body test model 1, the ratio of the clay minerals to the quartz is 3: 7;
step 1.4: the sensor modules 3 are uniformly arranged in the soil body test model 1, and the soil pressure and the pore water pressure in the soil body test model 1 are detected through the sensor modules 3.
In the present invention, preferably, step 2 includes the steps of:
step 2.1: opening a double door 9 on one side of the test box 8, placing the soil body test model 1 placed on the base rock plate 2 in the test box 8, clamping the base rock plate 2 on the inner side of the slope plate 4, and then closing the double door 9;
step 2.2: the electric push rod 5 is started, the ramp plate 4 is pushed to rotate by the electric push rod 5, and the angle of the ramp plate 4 is set to 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °.
In the present invention, preferably, step 3 includes the steps of:
step 3.1: starting the spray pipe 6 at the top end of the test box 8, and uniformly spraying the spray pipe 6 to the soil test model 1 through a spray head at the bottom;
step 3.2: in the spraying process of the spraying pipe 6, the flow meter 7 monitors the spraying amount, and transmits monitoring data to the terminal computer through the acquisition device to obtain a change curve of the spraying amount L along with the time t.
In the present invention, preferably, step 4 includes the steps of:
step 4.1: the soil test model 1 is visually monitored through a monitoring camera 10 on the outer side of the test box 8, and the change condition of the soil test model 1 is recorded;
step 4.2: the monitoring data of the sensor module 3 is obtained through the acquisition device, and the change curves of the soil pressure F and the pore water pressure P along with the time t are obtained according to the data obtained by the sensor module 3.
In the present invention, preferably, step 5 includes the steps of:
step 5.1: fitting the curves obtained by the sensor module 3 and the flowmeter 7 to obtain a relation curve of the soil pressure F, the pore water pressure P and the spraying amount L;
step 5.2: and obtaining a test result according to the test data of the multiple groups of soil test models 1.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 2, a storage box 11 is disposed at a side of the bottom end of the test box 8 away from the electric push rod 5, and a through groove is disposed at the bottom end of the test box 8 corresponding to the storage box 11.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 1, the soil test model 1 is subjected to spray soaking treatment when the thickness is set to 10 cm.
In the invention, preferably, in the step 1, the total thickness of the soil test model 1 is 60-70 cm.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 2, a transparent observation window is provided outside the test chamber 8.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow comprises the following steps:
step 1: sampling a soil body, screening the soil body, constructing a soil body test model 1, wherein the soil body test model 1 is positioned at the top end of a base rock plate 2, and a sensor module 3 is arranged in the soil body test model 1;
step 2: placing the soil body test model 1 in a test box 8, wherein the interior of the test box 8 is rotatably connected with a slope plate 4, the foundation slab 2 is clamped and connected to the inner side of the slope plate 4, and the bottom of the slope plate 4 is provided with an electric push rod 5;
and step 3: performing rain simulation in a test box 8, wherein a spray pipe 6 is arranged at the top end of the test box 8, and a flowmeter 7 is arranged at one end of the spray pipe 6;
and 4, step 4: monitoring the soil test model 1, monitoring the soil test model 1 through a monitoring camera 10 on the outer side of the test box 8, and monitoring the internal change condition of the soil test model 1 through the sensor module 3;
and 5: and analyzing the state change of the soil test model 1 through the monitoring data of the sensor module 3 and the flowmeter 7, and obtaining a test analysis result.
In the present invention, preferably, step 1 comprises the steps of:
step 1.1: collecting mountain body sample soil on the spot, and analyzing the mineral composition of the soil sample by utilizing X-ray spectrum;
step 1.2: screening the sample soil to obtain quartz and clay minerals;
step 1.3: constructing a soil body test model 1 according to the obtained quartz and the clay minerals, wherein in the soil body test model 1, the ratio of the clay minerals to the quartz is 4: 6;
step 1.4: the sensor modules 3 are uniformly arranged in the soil body test model 1, and the soil pressure and the pore water pressure in the soil body test model 1 are detected through the sensor modules 3.
In the present invention, preferably, step 2 includes the steps of:
step 2.1: opening a double door 9 on one side of the test box 8, placing the soil body test model 1 placed on the base rock plate 2 in the test box 8, clamping the base rock plate 2 on the inner side of the slope plate 4, and then closing the double door 9;
step 2.2: the electric push rod 5 is started, the ramp plate 4 is pushed to rotate by the electric push rod 5, and the angle of the ramp plate 4 is set to 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °.
In the present invention, preferably, step 3 includes the steps of:
step 3.1: starting the spray pipe 6 at the top end of the test box 8, and uniformly spraying the spray pipe 6 to the soil test model 1 through a spray head at the bottom;
step 3.2: in the spraying process of the spraying pipe 6, the flow meter 7 monitors the spraying amount, and transmits monitoring data to the terminal computer through the acquisition device to obtain a change curve of the spraying amount L along with the time t.
In the present invention, preferably, step 4 includes the steps of:
step 4.1: the soil test model 1 is visually monitored through a monitoring camera 10 on the outer side of the test box 8, and the change condition of the soil test model 1 is recorded;
step 4.2: the monitoring data of the sensor module 3 is obtained through the acquisition device, and the change curves of the soil pressure F and the pore water pressure P along with the time t are obtained according to the data obtained by the sensor module 3.
In the present invention, preferably, step 5 includes the steps of:
step 5.1: fitting the curves obtained by the sensor module 3 and the flowmeter 7 to obtain a relation curve of the soil pressure F, the pore water pressure P and the spraying amount L;
step 5.2: and obtaining a test result according to the test data of the multiple groups of soil test models 1.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 2, a storage box 11 is disposed at a side of the bottom end of the test box 8 away from the electric push rod 5, and a through groove is disposed at the bottom end of the test box 8 corresponding to the storage box 11.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 1, the soil test model 1 is subjected to spray soaking treatment when the thickness is set to 10 cm.
In the invention, preferably, in the step 1, the total thickness of the soil test model 1 is 60-70 cm.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 2, a transparent observation window is provided outside the test chamber 8.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow comprises the following steps:
step 1: sampling a soil body, screening the soil body, constructing a soil body test model 1, wherein the soil body test model 1 is positioned at the top end of a base rock plate 2, and a sensor module 3 is arranged in the soil body test model 1;
step 2: placing the soil body test model 1 in a test box 8, wherein the interior of the test box 8 is rotatably connected with a slope plate 4, the foundation slab 2 is clamped and connected to the inner side of the slope plate 4, and the bottom of the slope plate 4 is provided with an electric push rod 5;
and step 3: performing rain simulation in a test box 8, wherein a spray pipe 6 is arranged at the top end of the test box 8, and a flowmeter 7 is arranged at one end of the spray pipe 6;
and 4, step 4: monitoring the soil test model 1, monitoring the soil test model 1 through a monitoring camera 10 on the outer side of the test box 8, and monitoring the internal change condition of the soil test model 1 through the sensor module 3;
and 5: and analyzing the state change of the soil test model 1 through the monitoring data of the sensor module 3 and the flowmeter 7, and obtaining a test analysis result.
In the present invention, preferably, step 1 comprises the steps of:
step 1.1: collecting mountain body sample soil on the spot, and analyzing the mineral composition of the soil sample by utilizing X-ray spectrum;
step 1.2: screening the sample soil to obtain quartz and clay minerals;
step 1.3: constructing a soil body test model 1 according to the obtained quartz and the clay minerals, wherein in the soil body test model 1, the ratio of the clay minerals to the quartz is 1: 1;
step 1.4: the sensor modules 3 are uniformly arranged in the soil body test model 1, and the soil pressure and the pore water pressure in the soil body test model 1 are detected through the sensor modules 3.
In the present invention, preferably, step 2 includes the steps of:
step 2.1: opening a double door 9 on one side of the test box 8, placing the soil body test model 1 placed on the base rock plate 2 in the test box 8, clamping the base rock plate 2 on the inner side of the slope plate 4, and then closing the double door 9;
step 2.2: the electric push rod 5 is started, the ramp plate 4 is pushed to rotate by the electric push rod 5, and the angle of the ramp plate 4 is set to 30 °, 45 ° and 60 °.
In the present invention, preferably, step 3 includes the steps of:
step 3.1: starting the spray pipe 6 at the top end of the test box 8, and uniformly spraying the spray pipe 6 to the soil test model 1 through a spray head at the bottom;
step 3.2: in the spraying process of the spraying pipe 6, the flow meter 7 monitors the spraying amount, and transmits monitoring data to the terminal computer through the acquisition device to obtain a change curve of the spraying amount L along with the time t.
In the present invention, preferably, step 4 includes the steps of:
step 4.1: the soil test model 1 is visually monitored through a monitoring camera 10 on the outer side of the test box 8, and the change condition of the soil test model 1 is recorded;
step 4.2: the monitoring data of the sensor module 3 is obtained through the acquisition device, and the change curves of the soil pressure F and the pore water pressure P along with the time t are obtained according to the data obtained by the sensor module 3.
In the present invention, preferably, step 5 includes the steps of:
step 5.1: fitting the curves obtained by the sensor module 3 and the flowmeter 7 to obtain a relation curve of the soil pressure F, the pore water pressure P and the spraying amount L;
step 5.2: and obtaining a test result according to the test data of the multiple groups of soil test models 1.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 2, a storage box 11 is disposed at a side of the bottom end of the test box 8 away from the electric push rod 5, and a through groove is disposed at the bottom end of the test box 8 corresponding to the storage box 11.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 1, the soil test model 1 is subjected to spray soaking treatment when the thickness is set to 10 cm.
In the invention, preferably, in the step 1, the total thickness of the soil test model 1 is 60-70 cm.
In the present invention, preferably, in step 2, a transparent observation window is provided outside the test chamber 8.
The working principle and the using process of the invention are as follows: when the device is used, mountain sample soil is collected on the spot, mineral composition of the soil sample is analyzed by X-ray spectrum, the sample soil is sieved to obtain quartz and clay minerals, a soil body test model 1 is constructed according to the quartz and the clay minerals, when the thickness of the soil body test model 1 is set to be 10cm, spraying and soaking are carried out, the total thickness of the soil body test model 1 is 60-70 cm, the proportion of the clay minerals to the quartz in the soil body test model 1 is 3:7, 4:6 and 1:1, sensor modules 3 are uniformly arranged in the soil body test model 1, soil pressure and pore water pressure in the soil body test model 1 are detected through the sensor modules 3, a double door 9 on one side of a test box 8 is opened, the soil body test model 1 arranged on a base rock plate 2 is arranged in the test box 8, the base rock plate 2 is clamped on the inner side of a slope plate 4, the double door 9 is closed, starting the electric push rod 5, pushing the slope plate 4 to rotate through the electric push rod 5, setting the angle of the slope plate 4 to 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees, further carrying out tests with different angles on each group of soil test models 1, increasing the accuracy of test data, during the test, starting the spray pipe 6 at the top end of the test box 8, uniformly spraying the spray pipe 6 to the soil test models 1 through the bottom spray head, in the spraying process of the spray pipe 6, monitoring the spraying amount through the flowmeter 7, transmitting the monitoring data to a terminal computer through the acquisition device, obtaining the change curve of the spraying amount L along with the time t, visually monitoring the soil test models 1 through the monitoring camera 10 at the outer side of the test box 8, recording the change condition of the soil test models 1, acquiring the monitoring data of the sensor module 3 through the acquisition device, and acquiring the change of the soil pressure F and the change of the pore water pressure P along with the time t according to the data acquired by the sensor module 3 And (3) transforming a curve, fitting the curve obtained according to the sensor module 3 and the flowmeter 7 to obtain a relation curve of the soil pressure F, the pore water pressure P and the spraying amount L, and finally obtaining a test result according to the test data of the multiple groups of soil test models 1.
According to the test results of the examples 1, 2 and 3, the maximum pore water pressure P of the soil test model 1 in different types is as follows:
pore water pressure P of soil body test model 1>PmaxWhen the soil sample stops sliding, the pore pressure of the soil test model 1 is increased again along with the spraying, and the pore pressure reaches the pore pressure againAfter the peak value, the soil body test model 1 is indicated to have a debris flow phenomenon.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A test method for simulating landslide and converting landslide into debris flow is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: sampling a soil body, screening the soil body, and constructing a soil body test model (1), wherein the soil body test model (1) is positioned at the top end of a base rock plate (2), and a sensor module (3) is arranged in the soil body test model (1);
step 2: the soil body test model (1) is placed in a test box (8), a slope plate (4) is rotatably connected in the test box (8), the foundation slab (2) is connected to the inner side of the slope plate (4) in a clamping mode, and an electric push rod (5) is arranged at the bottom of the slope plate (4);
and step 3: performing rain simulation in the test box (8), wherein a spray pipe (6) is arranged at the top end of the test box (8), and a flowmeter (7) is arranged at one end of the spray pipe (6);
and 4, step 4: monitoring the soil test model (1), monitoring the soil test model (1) through a monitoring camera (10) on the outer side of the test box (8), and monitoring the internal change condition of the soil test model (1) through the sensor module (3);
and 5: and analyzing the state change of the soil test model (1) through the monitoring data of the sensor module (3) and the flowmeter (7) and obtaining a test analysis result.
2. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: the step 1 comprises the following steps:
step 1.1: collecting mountain body sample soil on the spot, and analyzing the mineral composition of the soil sample by utilizing X-ray spectrum;
step 1.2: screening the sample soil to obtain quartz and clay minerals;
step 1.3: constructing the soil body test model (1) according to the obtained quartz and clay minerals, wherein in the soil body test model (1), the ratio of the clay minerals to the quartz is 3:7, 4:6 and 1: 1;
step 1.4: the soil mass testing model is characterized in that sensor modules (3) are uniformly arranged in the soil mass testing model (1), and the soil pressure and the pore water pressure in the soil mass testing model (1) are detected through the sensor modules (3).
3. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: the step 2 comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: opening a double door (9) on one side of the test box (8), placing the soil body test model (1) placed on the foundation slab (2) in the test box (8), clamping the foundation slab (2) on the inner side of the slope slab (4), and then closing the double door (9);
step 2.2: the electric push rod (5) is started, the slope plate (4) is pushed to rotate through the electric push rod (5), and the angle of the slope plate (4) is set to be 30 degrees, 45 degrees and 60 degrees.
4. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: the step 3 comprises the following steps:
step 3.1: the spray pipe (6) uniformly sprays to the soil body test model (1) through a spray head at the bottom;
step 3.2: in the spraying process of the spraying pipe (6), the flow meter (7) monitors the spraying amount, and transmits monitoring data to a terminal computer through a collecting device to obtain a change curve of the spraying amount L along with time t.
5. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1: the soil test model (1) is visually monitored through a monitoring camera (10) on the outer side of the test box (8), and the change condition of the soil test model (1) is recorded;
step 4.2: acquiring monitoring data of the sensor module (3) through an acquisition device, and obtaining a change curve of soil pressure F and pore water pressure P along with time t according to the data acquired by the sensor module (3).
6. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: the step 5 comprises the following steps:
step 5.1: fitting curves obtained according to the sensor module (3) and the flowmeter (7) to obtain a relation curve of soil pressure F, pore water pressure P and spraying amount L;
step 5.2: and obtaining a test result according to the test data of the multiple groups of soil test models (1).
7. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, a containing box (11) is arranged on one side, away from the electric push rod (5), of the bottom end of the test box (8), and a through groove is formed in the bottom end of the test box (8) corresponding to the containing box (11).
8. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the soil body test model (1) is subjected to spraying and soaking treatment when the thickness is set to be 10 cm.
9. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1, the total thickness of the soil test model (1) is 60-70 cm.
10. The test method for simulating conversion of landslide to debris flow according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2, a transparent observation window is arranged on the outer side of the test box (8).
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115267142A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-11-01 | 深圳市深水水务咨询有限公司 | Water and soil loss dynamic monitoring and early warning system and method based on data analysis |
| CN114622606B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2024-05-14 | 胡利航 | Slope rainfall instability test simulation device |
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2021
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114622606B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2024-05-14 | 胡利航 | Slope rainfall instability test simulation device |
| CN115267142A (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-11-01 | 深圳市深水水务咨询有限公司 | Water and soil loss dynamic monitoring and early warning system and method based on data analysis |
| CN115267142B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2022-12-02 | 深圳市深水水务咨询有限公司 | Water and soil loss dynamic monitoring and early warning system and method based on data analysis |
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