CN113738416B - Method for preventing ledge from improving recovery safety performance by reversely pulling net plate - Google Patents
Method for preventing ledge from improving recovery safety performance by reversely pulling net plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113738416B CN113738416B CN202111035129.2A CN202111035129A CN113738416B CN 113738416 B CN113738416 B CN 113738416B CN 202111035129 A CN202111035129 A CN 202111035129A CN 113738416 B CN113738416 B CN 113738416B
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- roof
- stope
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- ore
- room
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000008262 pumice Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002367 phosphate rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)O OJMIONKXNSYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/08—Filling-up hydraulically or pneumatically
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
A method for preventing the ledge from improving the stoping safety performance by reversely pulling the net plate is characterized in that after layering on a stope, a roof plate is supported by a top anchor assembly, side edges on two sides of the stope are supported by a side anchor assembly, after layering below the stope, the stope is filled by combining wet filling and cementing top filling, after layering on a stope, a rubber filling body and a part of wet filling body are disclosed, a top anchor assembly is used for supporting a column top plate, the side net plate is tightly attached to the surface of the wet filling body through reversely pulling an embedded anchor, the side net plate is subjected to guniting support, layering below the stope is carried out, local blasting disturbance deformation is effectively prevented from forming the ledge, pumice scattering during stoping is avoided, the layered safety stope below the stope is facilitated, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ore body exploitation support, and relates to a method for preventing a ledge from improving recovery safety performance by reversely pulling a net ledge.
Background
Part of phosphorite exploitation gradually starts to develop towards the position below the erosion reference surface, the topography is more complicated, the depth of the ore burial is more than 100 meters, the thickness of the ore body is higher (can reach 8-13 meters), the method is a medium-thickness ore body, and a filling mining method is adopted for mines according to occurrence conditions, topography conditions and construction scale. Because the filling mining can effectively prevent roof from falling, control the ground pressure of the dead zone and the geological disaster of the earth surface, the zero discharge of solid waste is realized, and the safety and environmental protection benefits are considerable; the stoping rate is high, and the resource utilization rate can be improved, so that the state currently carries out the filling mining method to the greatest extent and brings out the relevant incentive policy, and the filling mining is a trend of later application and development in the mine industry.
The filling mining method is popularized and applied because of the advantages of safety, environment friendliness, high resource recovery rate and the like. The phosphorite exploitation is also changed from a room pillar to a filling mining method, and the filling mining method becomes a main mining method of phosphorite exploitation along with the transition of the mine exploitation from a shallow part to a deep part. The main way of improving the recovery rate by the filling mining method is to recover the ore pillar on or under the protection of the formed filling body. However, in the process of extracting the ore pillar, there are the following problems:
due to the influence of blasting disturbance and the like, the surface of the filling body can be damaged, even part of the filling body can be scattered and deformed, so that the overall strength of the filling body is reduced;
when a downward layered filling mining method is adopted to recover a medium-thickness ore body, in the process of recovering the lower layered ore body, filling bodies on two sides of the upper part are subjected to blasting disturbance, and the surface of the filling bodies possibly scatter pumice, even a ledge is formed, so that the safe recovery of the lower layered ore body is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for preventing the caving from improving the stoping safety performance by reversely pulling a net sheet, wherein after layering on a stope, roof boards are supported by a top anchor assembly, side edges on two sides of the stope are supported by a side anchor assembly, after layering below the stope, the stope is filled by combining wet filling and cementing roof filling, after layering on a stope, a rubber filling body and a part of wet filling body are disclosed, a top anchor assembly is used for supporting a column roof board, reversely pulling an embedded anchor enables the side net sheet to be clung to the surface of the wet filling body, the side net sheet is subjected to shotcrete supporting, and then layering below the stope is effectively prevented from being formed into the caving by blasting disturbance deformation, so that floating stones are prevented from scattering during stoping, the layered safety stope below the stope is facilitated, and the operation is simple and convenient.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for preventing a ledge from improving recovery safety performance by reversely pulling a net plate comprises the following steps:
step 1, layering on a stope room;
step 2, supporting the roof board in a layered manner on the ore room, supporting the side walls on two sides of the ore room by adopting a roof bolt assembly and supporting the side walls on two sides of the ore room by adopting a side bolt assembly;
step 3, stoping the lower part of the ore room to form the ore room after stoping, wherein ore pillars are arranged on the side face of the ore room;
step 4, filling the ore room, namely filling the ore room by combining wet filling with cementing roof filling, and forming a wet filling body and a glue filling body in the ore room respectively, wherein the pre-embedded anchor of the auxiliary anchor assembly is positioned in the wet filling body;
step 5, layering on the stope, wherein a stope rubber filling body and a part of wet filling body are disclosed;
step 6, supporting the pillar roof layer by adopting a roof bolt assembly;
step 7, reversely pulling the support, after the wet filling body is revealed, revealing one side of the upper net sheet and one end of the embedded anchor, reversely pulling the embedded anchor to enable the upper net sheet to be clung to the surface of the wet filling body, and carrying out guniting support on the upper net sheet;
and 8, layering under the stope.
The roof anchor assembly comprises a plurality of inclined anchors connected with the roof net, the inclined anchors and the roof plate are anchored in an inclined mode, and the roof net is contacted with the roof plate.
The upper anchor assembly comprises side anchors and embedded anchors which are respectively connected with two sides of the upper net sheet, and the side anchors and the embedded anchors are mutually opposite.
The side anchors and the embedded anchors are perpendicular to the side walls, and the trays of the side anchors and the embedded anchors are respectively positioned at two sides of the wall net piece and are clung to the side wall net piece.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
after the stope room is layered, roof boards are supported by the roof anchor assemblies, side walls on two sides of the stope room are supported by the side anchor assemblies, a safe stope space is provided for the lower layering of the stope room, and side walls are avoided.
After the stoping room is layered, the stoping room is filled by combining wet filling and cementing roof filling, so that the wet filling body and the cementing roof filling are combined to form an effective support for the roof slab, the roof is prevented from being supported by the structural strength of the roof slab when adjacent ore pillars are stoped later, and meanwhile, the side support is formed for the ore pillars.
After the ore pillar is layered, the roof of the pillar is supported by the top anchor assembly, the pre-buried anchor is reversely pulled to enable the upper net sheet to be clung to the surface of the wet filling body, the upper net sheet is subjected to guniting support, and a safe stoping space is provided for the lower layering of the ore pillar.
When the ore room is supported in a layered manner, the upper net piece of the upper anchor assembly supports the side walls at two sides of the ore room, and after the ore room is filled, the embedded anchor and the wet filling body form a whole; when the ore pillar is supported in a layered manner, the upper net piece is activated by reversely pulling the embedded anchor to be reused, the upper net piece is clung to the surface side of the wet filling body, and disturbance deformation caused by stoping blasting on the surface of the ore pillar is effectively prevented after guniting is dried, so that pumice on the surface layer of the wet filling body is prevented from scattering.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the plane distribution of the pillar according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the invention after a layered ore is mined from a chamber.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a layered support on a room according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the invention after sublevel ore stope.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the chamber of the present invention after filling.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the invention after extraction of layered ore from a pillar.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a layered support on a pillar according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a layered guniting and lasting on a pillar according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view at a of fig. 5.
In the figure: the concrete pile comprises a room 1, an upper room layer 11, a lower room layer 12, a roof board 13, a side wall 14, a roof bolt assembly 2, a roof net 21, an inclined bolt 22, a side bolt assembly 3, a side net 31, a side bolt 32, a pre-buried bolt 33, a wet filling body 4, a rubber filling body 5, a pillar 6, an upper pillar layer 61, a lower pillar layer 62 and a pillar roof board 63.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, a method for preventing the ledge from improving the recovery safety performance by reverse pulling the net sheet comprises the following steps:
step 1, layering 11 on a stope room; after this step is completed, the resulting extraction space becomes part of the room 1.
Step 2, supporting the roof plate 13 in a layered manner on the ore room, adopting the roof anchor assembly 2 to support the side walls 14 on two sides of the ore room 1, and adopting the side anchor assembly 3 to support the side walls; the purpose of this step is to improve the structural strength and stability of the roof 13, providing safe recovery space for the sub-room strata 12, avoiding spalling.
Step 3, stoping the lower strata 12 of the ore room to form an ore room 1 after stoping, wherein an ore pillar 6 is arranged on the side surface of the ore room 1; in this step, the pillars 6 are formed simultaneously during the stope sub-room stratification 12.
Step 4, filling the ore room, namely filling the ore room 1 by combining wet filling with cementing roof filling, and forming a wet filling body 4 and a cementing body 5 in the ore room 1 respectively, wherein an embedded anchor 33 of the auxiliary anchor assembly 3 is positioned in the wet filling body 4; the purpose of this step is to provide effective support for the roof panel 13, while providing lateral support for the pillar 6, using the wet filler 4 in combination with the glue filler 5.
Preferably, the wet filling body 4 extends from the bottom of the ore room 1 to the upper part of the ore room 1, and is positioned in a reserved space between the upper end surface of the wet filling body 4 and the roof board 13, and the reserved space is filled with the glue filling body 5.
Preferably, before the wet filling of the ore room 1, the tray at one end of the side anchor 32 is located at one side of the upper mesh 31 and contacts with the upper wall of the ore room 1, and the other end of the side anchor 32 penetrates through the upper mesh 31 and goes deep into the wet filling area in the ore room 1.
Step 5, layering 61 on the stope, wherein the stope rubber filling body 5 and part of wet filling body 4 are disclosed; after this step is completed, the trays at one end of the upper mesh 31 and the side anchors 32 are positioned in the layered goaf on the pillar.
Step 6, supporting the pillar roof 63 by adopting the roof bolt assembly 2 in a layered manner on the pillar; the purpose of this step is to improve the structural strength and stability of the roof pillar 63.
Step 7, reversely pulling the support, after the wet filling body 4 is revealed, revealing one side of the upper net sheet 31 and one end of the embedded anchor 33, reversely pulling the embedded anchor 33 to enable the upper net sheet 31 to be clung to the surface of the wet filling body 4, and performing guniting support on the upper net sheet 31; the purpose of this step is to reuse the upper mesh 31 originally used for supporting the return mining room 1 for supporting the pillar 6 and to avoid scattering of pumice on the surface of the wet filling 4.
And 8, stoping the subpillar stratification 62.
In a preferred embodiment, the roof anchor assembly 2 includes a plurality of inclined anchors 22 connected to the roof panel 21, the inclined anchors 22 being anchored obliquely to the roof panel 13, the roof panel 21 being in contact with the roof panel 13. In use, the plurality of diagonal anchors 22 are symmetrically distributed on both sides with the center of the top mesh 21.
In a preferred scheme, the upper anchor assembly 3 comprises a side anchor 32 and a pre-buried anchor 33 which are respectively connected with two sides of the upper net sheet 31, and the side anchor 32 and the pre-buried anchor 33 are mutually opposite. In use, both the side anchors 32 and the pre-buried anchors 33 are laterally perpendicular to the upper wall.
In a preferred embodiment, the side anchors 32 and the embedded anchors 33 are perpendicular to the side wall 14, and the trays of the side anchors 32 and the embedded anchors 33 are respectively positioned at two sides of the wall mesh 31 and are tightly attached to the wall mesh 31. When the wet filling body 4 is used, in the process of reversely pulling the embedded anchors 33, the tray is abutted against the upper net sheet 31 to form a pretightening force, so that the upper net sheet 31 is tightly attached to the surface side of the wet filling body 4.
Examples:
the width of a ore room is 4-6 m, the width of ore pillars is 5-8 m, and the length and width specifications of the top net sheet 21 are the same as those of the top of the ore room;
the top net piece 21 is welded by adopting phi 4mm disc steel, the net piece mesh degree is 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the specification is 1.2m multiplied by 2.7m, the top net piece 21 is tightly attached to the house roof 13, and the overlapping of the adjacent top net pieces 21 is not less than 10cm but not more than 20cm;
the inclined anchor 22 adopts a pipe seam anchor rod with L=1.8m or 2.0m and phi=40mm; or adopting a medicated roll anchor rod with L=2m, phi=20mm;
the included angle between the inclined anchor 22 and the roof board 13 is not smaller than 70 degrees;
the tray at the tail of the inclined anchor 22 is pre-tensioned by force to enable the top net sheet 21 to be tightly attached to the roof 13;
the diagonal anchors 22 have a mesh of 1m x 1.3m.
The upper net piece 31 is made of steel net, the net piece has the net degree of 50mm multiplied by 100mm and the specification of 1.5m multiplied by 20m, the net piece clings to the side wall 14, and the maximum gap between the part and the side wall 14 is not more than 10cm;
the side anchors 32 are seam anchors with l=1.2m or 1.5m, phi=40 mm;
side anchors 32 perpendicular to side wall 14;
the tray at the tail of the side anchor 32 is pre-tightened to enable the upper net piece 31 to be clung to the rock surface;
the side anchors 32 have a mesh of 1m×2m or 1.5m×3m;
the wall spraying thickness is 3-5 cm, the exposed wall net piece 31 is covered, and the strength is not lower than C20.
The foregoing embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without collision. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and the protection scope includes equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this invention are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for preventing a ledge from improving recovery safety performance by reversely pulling a net plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, layering (11) on a stope room;
step 2, supporting the roof board (13) layer by layer on the ore room by adopting the roof bolt assembly (2), and supporting the side walls (14) at the two sides of the ore room (1) by adopting the side bolt assembly (3);
step 3, stoping the lower strata (12) of the ore room to form the ore room (1) after stoping, wherein ore pillars (6) are arranged on the side face of the ore room (1);
filling the ore room, namely filling the ore room (1) by combining wet filling with cementing roof filling, forming a wet filling body (4) and a cementing body (5) in the ore room (1), and arranging an embedded anchor (33) of the anchor assembly (3) in the wet filling body (4);
step 5, layering (61) on the stope, wherein the stope rubber filling body (5) and part of wet filling body (4) are disclosed;
step 6, supporting the pillar roof (63) in a layered manner by adopting a roof bolt assembly (2);
step 7, reversely pulling the support, after the wet filling body (4) is exposed, exposing one side of the upper net sheet (31) and one end of the embedded anchor (33), reversely pulling the embedded anchor (33) to enable the upper net sheet (31) to be tightly attached to the surface of the wet filling body (4), and performing guniting support on the upper net sheet (31);
step 8, stoping ore pillar lower stratification (62);
the roof anchor assembly (2) comprises a plurality of inclined anchors (22) connected with a roof net sheet (21), wherein the inclined anchors (22) are anchored with a roof plate (13) or a column top plate (63) in an inclined mode, and the roof net sheet (21) is contacted with the roof plate (13) or the column top plate (63);
the upper anchor assembly (3) comprises a side anchor (32) and a pre-buried anchor (33) which are respectively connected with two sides of the upper net piece (31), and the side anchor (32) and the pre-buried anchor (33) are mutually reversed.
2. The method for preventing the ledge from improving the recovery safety performance by reverse pulling the net plate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the side anchors (32) and the embedded anchors (33) are perpendicular to the side wall (14), and the trays of the side anchors (32) and the embedded anchors (33) are respectively positioned at two sides of the wall net piece (31) and are clung to the two sides of the wall net piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111035129.2A CN113738416B (en) | 2021-09-05 | 2021-09-05 | Method for preventing ledge from improving recovery safety performance by reversely pulling net plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111035129.2A CN113738416B (en) | 2021-09-05 | 2021-09-05 | Method for preventing ledge from improving recovery safety performance by reversely pulling net plate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113738416A CN113738416A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
| CN113738416B true CN113738416B (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| SU1266988A1 (en) * | 1985-06-03 | 1986-10-30 | Магнитогорский горно-металлургический институт им.Г.И.Носова | Method of working pillars |
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2021
- 2021-09-05 CN CN202111035129.2A patent/CN113738416B/en active Active
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| CN113738416A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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