CN113736967A - Method for strengthening inner surface of pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling - Google Patents
Method for strengthening inner surface of pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling Download PDFInfo
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- CN113736967A CN113736967A CN202111045081.3A CN202111045081A CN113736967A CN 113736967 A CN113736967 A CN 113736967A CN 202111045081 A CN202111045081 A CN 202111045081A CN 113736967 A CN113736967 A CN 113736967A
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- ultrasonic
- metal pipe
- rolling
- pipe fitting
- strengthening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
- C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
- C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for strengthening the inner surface of a pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling, which comprises the following steps: s1, clamping the metal pipe fitting to the clamping end of the machine tool clamp, wherein the clamping end drives the metal pipe fitting to rotate; s2, the ultrasonic amplifier provides a supporting force by an external mechanical arm, presses the rolling head on the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting and moves transversely on the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting; s3, one end of the ultrasonic amplifier is electrically connected with an ultrasonic generator and provides low-frequency ultrasonic waves for the ultrasonic amplifier, and the ultrasonic amplifier converts the low-frequency ultrasonic waves into high-frequency ultrasonic waves and acts on the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting; and S4, the material of the inner wall of the metal pipe generates severe plastic deformation under the impact of the high-frequency ultrasonic wave and the high-speed rolling of the rolling head. The invention can realize the improvement of the hardness of the inner surface of the metal pipe, the deep surface hardening layer and the further improvement of the wear resistance, the corrosion resistance and the fatigue resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of processing of the inner surface of a metal pipe fitting, and particularly relates to a method for strengthening the inner surface of the pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling.
Background
The basic pipe ring parts such as bearings, gears, pistons, hydraulic elements and the like are widely applied to the industries such as aerospace, automobiles, petrifaction and high-speed rail. Their surface quality is the basis for the survival and development of equipment manufacturing, the level of which directly determines the quality, life and reliability of the main equipment and host products. At the same time, in industrial applications, the inner surface of the pipe is required to have high strength to improve wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. Therefore, various surface treatment methods have been proposed. Among the surface treatment methods, the surface plastic deformation technology has attracted extensive attention because of the advantages of mature process, low cost, no pollution and the like. Over the course of 20 years, scientists have proposed various surface plastic deformation processes, such as surface mechanical milling, etc. The processes provide large stress through a small contact area, promote more defects to be generated inside the crystal grains to refine the crystal grains, and greatly improve the hardness, the wear resistance and the like of the surface of the material. But severe surface plastic deformation can degrade the surface quality and affect the service life of the material. Metal surfaces with lower roughness can be prepared by surface rolling burnishing techniques which reduce roughness by flattening the peaks of the surface asperity profile by high pressure induced cold deformation. However, smooth surfaces with a uniform low roughness require a large contact area, so that large surface plastic deformations are avoided as far as possible. This is clearly not suitable for producing high strength metal surfaces. Therefore, high strength metal surfaces with good surface quality cannot be obtained using conventional machining methods.
When small deformations are rapidly accumulated, large plastic deformations may also be generated, and it is possible to generate a high-strength hardened layer surface having good surface quality. Ultrasonic treatment is a method for strengthening a surface by ultrahigh frequency cyclic loading, which improves the surface quality by small deformation in the cyclic process, and large deformation accumulated rapidly is beneficial to structure refinement so as to strengthen the surface. Therefore, the introduction of ultrasonic treatment into the pipe inner surface preparation process is the direction of major research hereafter.
Therefore, how to provide a method for strengthening the inner surface of a pipe by ultrasonic-assisted rolling to improve the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance of the pipe is one of the technical problems to be solved in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for strengthening the inner surface of a pipe by ultrasonic-assisted rolling. The purpose is to solve the above-mentioned deficiency and offer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for strengthening the inner surface of a pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling comprises the following steps: s1, clamping the metal pipe fitting to the clamping end of the machine tool clamp, wherein the clamping end drives the metal pipe fitting to rotate; s2, the ultrasonic amplifier provides a supporting force by an external mechanical arm, presses the rolling head on the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting and moves transversely on the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting; s3, wherein one end of the ultrasonic amplifier is electrically connected with an ultrasonic generator and provides low-frequency ultrasonic waves for the ultrasonic amplifier, the ultrasonic amplifier converts the low-frequency ultrasonic waves into high-frequency ultrasonic waves with the vibration frequency range of 19000-20000Hz and the amplitude range of 4-8 μm, and the high-frequency ultrasonic waves act on the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting through the rolling head; s4, the material of the inner wall of the metal pipe generates severe plastic deformation under the impact of the high-frequency ultrasonic wave and the high-speed rolling of the rolling head until the grain is refined to generate a strengthening layer.
Preferably, the metal pipe inner surface and the rolling head are cleaned of oxides prior to operation.
Preferably, the clamping force of the clamping end on the metal pipe fitting is 250-1300N.
Preferably, the pressing force for pressing the rolling head against the inner wall of the metal pipe is 3-25N.
The beneficial effect of this technical scheme is: by limiting the reasonable clamping force range, the phenomenon that the metal pipe fitting is not clamped due to too small clamping force or the metal pipe fitting is deformed due to too large clamping force is avoided.
Preferably, the rotational speed of the clamping end is 68-255 r/min.
Preferably, the feeding speed of the transverse movement of the rolling head is 1-10 mm/min.
The beneficial effect of this technical scheme is: the roughness of the inner surface of the metal pipe is effectively improved by matching the optimum rotation speed of the clamping end with the feed speed of the transverse movement of the rolling head.
Preferably, the pressing amount of the rolling head pressing the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting is 40-80 μm.
Preferably, lubricating oil is injected into the rolling head for cooling during operation.
The beneficial effect of this technical scheme is: effectively avoiding high-temperature sintering.
Preferably, the rolling head is parallel to the axis of the metal tube.
Preferably, the hardness of the surface of the rolling head is 240-250 HBS.
The beneficial effect of this technical scheme is: damage to the surface of the rolling head is effectively avoided.
Preferably, the rolling head is a cylindrical roller bearing.
Preferably, the metal pipe fitting is a 304 stainless steel pipe with the selected outer diameter of 80mm, the selected inner diameter of 50mm and the selected initial hardness of 190 HV.
Preferably, the processing pass of the ultrasonic-assisted rolling treatment is 1-4 times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
oxides on the inner surface of the metal pipe fitting and the rolling head are removed before operation, so that the interference of the oxides is avoided, and the operation precision is improved; the reasonable clamping force range is limited, and the phenomenon that the metal pipe fitting is not clamped due to too small clamping force or the metal pipe fitting is deformed due to too large clamping force is avoided; the feeding speed of the transverse movement of the rolling head is adjusted and controlled in a matched manner, so that the roughness of the inner surface of the metal pipe fitting is effectively improved; the surface layer of the material is subjected to severe plastic deformation by ultrasonic impact and surface rolling, so that grains are refined to generate a strengthening layer, and the surface quality of the material is greatly improved; lubricating oil is injected into the rolling head for cooling in the operation process; high-temperature sintering is effectively avoided; and the hardness range of the surface of the rolling head is controlled, so that the damage to the surface of the rolling head can be effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a process for strengthening the inner surface of a pipe by ultrasonic-assisted rolling according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the hardness change of the cross section of a 304 stainless steel pipe ring along the depth direction of a surface layer;
in the figure: 1. a clamping end; 2. a metal pipe fitting; 3. rolling a head; 4. an ultrasonic amplifier; 5. an ultrasonic generator.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1-2, a method for strengthening the inner surface of a pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling comprises the following steps: a304 stainless steel pipe 2 with an outer diameter of 80mm, an inner diameter of 50mm and an initial hardness of 190HV is subjected to solution treatment at 1100 ℃ for 1 hour before operation, and an oxide layer is removed by acid washing. Clamping a 304 stainless steel tube 2 at a clamping end 1 of a machine tool clamp, driving the 304 stainless steel tube 2 to rotate by the clamping end 1, wherein the rotating speed is 68r/min, providing a supporting force by an external mechanical arm by an ultrasonic amplifier 4, pressing a cylindrical roller bearing 3 on the inner wall of the 304 stainless steel tube 2, enabling the cylindrical roller bearing 3 to be parallel to the axis of the 304 stainless steel tube 2, the pressing depth to be about 80 mu m, enabling the cylindrical roller bearing 3 to transversely move on the inner wall of the 304 stainless steel tube 2, and enabling the feeding speed to be 10 mm/min; one end of the ultrasonic amplifier 4 is electrically connected with an ultrasonic generator 5 and provides low-frequency ultrasonic waves for the ultrasonic amplifier 4, the ultrasonic amplifier 4 converts the low-frequency ultrasonic waves into high-frequency ultrasonic waves with the vibration frequency range of 20000Hz and the amplitude range of 8 mu m, and the high-frequency ultrasonic waves act on the inner wall of the 304 stainless steel pipe 2 through the cylindrical roller bearing 3; the material of the inner wall of the 304 stainless steel pipe 2 is impacted by the high-frequency ultrasonic waves and the high-speed rolling of the cylindrical roller bearing 3, lubricating oil is sprayed on the cylindrical roller bearing 3 in the operation process for cooling, and the processing pass is 4.
In this embodiment, the surface roughness of the treated 304 pipe is measured by a TIME2000 handheld surface roughness tester; and measuring the hardness information of the cross section of the sample from the surface layer to the deep layer by using a micro Vickers hardness tester, wherein the used load is 25g, the loading time is 10s, and each hardness value is an average value measured for not less than 3 times. The micro Vickers hardness of the hardened layer after treatment is shown in figure 2, the hardness of the matrix is about 190HV, and after treatment, the hardness of the surface layer reaches more than 450HV, which is about doubled compared with the matrix; the hardness decreases with increasing depth, and the initial hardness is reached at a sample depth of 600 μm. Table 1 shows comparison data of roughness change of the inner surface of a 304 stainless steel pipe ring processed by common turning, simple rolling and the process of the invention, and the parameters Ra, Rz, RzJIS and Rp of the surface of an ultrasonic rolling sample are improved by 13.4-23.3 times compared with the parameters of common turning and the Rs is also improved by 1.4 times from the table 1. The improvement of the surface quality after the reverse simple rolling treatment is limited, and has a certain difference with the ultrasonic rolling processing effect. After ultrasonic rolling treatment, the surface quality of the inner surface of the 304 pipe fitting is greatly improved, the surface hardness is obviously improved, and the practicability is improved.
In table 1, the arithmetic mean deviation Ra of the profile; the maximum height Rz of the profile; microscopic unevenness ten point height RzJIS; average spacing Rs of profile singlet peaks within one sample length; the maximum profile peak height Rp within one sample length.
TABLE 1
In other embodiments, the type of metal pipe 2 may be selected as the case may be.
In other embodiments, the range of clamping force of the clamping end 1 on the metal tube 2 can be selected according to the actual situation.
In other embodiments, the range of rotational speeds of the clamping end 1 may be selected as practical.
In other embodiments, the range of the feed speed of the transverse movement of the roller compaction head 3 can be selected according to the circumstances.
In other embodiments, the range of the pressing amount of the rolling head 3 to press the inner wall of the metal pipe 2 can be selected according to actual situations.
In other embodiments, the range of hardness of the surface of the roller compaction head 3 may be selected as the case may be.
Has the advantages that:
the hardness of the inner surface of the processed metal pipe fitting is improved, the surface hardening layer is deep, and the wear resistance, corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance are further improved; the method has the following treatment effects on the AISI304 stainless steel pipe ring: the surface ultrasonic-assisted rolling processing can greatly improve the surface smoothness (by less than 5 times) and the surface hardness by 2 times, a hardened layer with the depth of 600 mu m is obtained, and the grain size of a surface structure is refined to 42.3 nm.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for strengthening the inner surface of a pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, clamping the metal pipe fitting (2) at the clamping end (1) of the machine tool clamp, wherein the clamping end (1) drives the metal pipe fitting (2) to rotate;
s2, the ultrasonic amplifier (4) provides a supporting force by an external mechanical arm, the rolling head (3) is pressed on the inner wall of the metal pipe (2) and moves transversely on the inner wall of the metal pipe (2);
s3, wherein one end of the ultrasonic amplifier (4) is electrically connected with an ultrasonic generator (5) and provides low-frequency ultrasonic waves for the ultrasonic amplifier (4), the ultrasonic amplifier (4) converts the low-frequency ultrasonic waves into high-frequency ultrasonic waves with the vibration frequency range of 19000-20000Hz and the amplitude range of 4-8 μm, and the high-frequency ultrasonic waves act on the inner wall of the metal pipe (2) through the rolling head (3);
s4, the material of the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting (2) is subjected to severe plastic deformation under the impact of the high-frequency ultrasonic wave and the high-speed rolling of the rolling head (3) until the grains are refined to generate a strengthening layer.
2. Method for strengthening the inner surface of a pipe by ultrasonic-assisted rolling according to claim 1, wherein the oxides of the inner surface of the metal pipe (2) and the rolling head (3) are removed before the operation.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the clamping force of the clamping end (1) on the metal pipe (2) is 250-1300N.
4. A method of strengthening the inner surface of a pipe by ultrasonic assisted rolling according to claim 1, wherein the rotational speed of the gripping end (1) is 68-255 r/min.
5. Method for the reinforcement of the inner surface of pipes by ultrasound-assisted rolling according to claim 1, characterised in that the feed rate of the transverse movement of the rolling head (3) is 1-10 mm/min.
6. The method for strengthening the inner surface of the pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling according to claim 1, wherein the rolling head (3) presses the inner wall of the metal pipe fitting (2) by an amount of 40-80 μm.
7. Method for the reinforcement of the inner surface of pipes by ultrasound-assisted rolling according to claim 1, characterized in that lubricating oil is injected into the rolling heads (3) during operation for cooling.
8. A method of pipe internal surface strengthening by ultrasonic assisted rolling according to claim 1, wherein the rolling head (3) is parallel to the axis of the metal pipe (2).
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hardness of the surface of the rolling head (3) is 240-250 HBS.
10. A method of pipe member inner surface strengthening by ultrasonic assisted rolling according to any of claims 8 or 9, wherein the rolling head (3) is a cylindrical roller bearing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111045081.3A CN113736967A (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Method for strengthening inner surface of pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling |
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| CN202111045081.3A CN113736967A (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Method for strengthening inner surface of pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling |
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| CN113736967A true CN113736967A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
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| CN202111045081.3A Pending CN113736967A (en) | 2021-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Method for strengthening inner surface of pipe fitting by ultrasonic-assisted rolling |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114606499A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-10 | 燕山大学 | Metal with microporous structure on surface and preparation method and application thereof |
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2021
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| CN114606499A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-06-10 | 燕山大学 | Metal with microporous structure on surface and preparation method and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20211203 |