CN113732507A - Laser-arc hybrid welding protective gas blowing device for removing laser plasma - Google Patents
Laser-arc hybrid welding protective gas blowing device for removing laser plasma Download PDFInfo
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- CN113732507A CN113732507A CN202111073768.8A CN202111073768A CN113732507A CN 113732507 A CN113732507 A CN 113732507A CN 202111073768 A CN202111073768 A CN 202111073768A CN 113732507 A CN113732507 A CN 113732507A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment, and discloses a laser-arc hybrid welding protective gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma, which comprises a gas rail and a gas hood; the gas rail is externally connected with a gas source, a round hole and an arc welding gun penetrating hole are arranged above the gas hood, and a through hole matched with the round hole is arranged at the front part of the gas rail; the laser penetrates through the round hole and the through hole in sequence and then penetrates to the bottom of the gas hood; an arc welding gun penetrates through the arc welding gun through hole and then is converged with laser to complete welding; the front end of the gas rail is provided with a guide pipe, and residual gas in the gas rail is discharged along the guide pipe. The invention solves the problem that the stability of the arc plasma is influenced by a protective gas side blowing mode in the prior art, is convenient to operate and has low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of laser welding equipment, in particular to a laser-arc hybrid welding protective gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma.
Background
Laser is used as a welding heat source with extremely high energy density, so that the welding material is violently evaporated, and a large amount of metal steam can be ionized at high temperature to form laser plasma which is distributed above a laser spot and a small hole. The laser plasma blocks on a path of light beam propagation to generate reverse bremsstrahlung absorption, thereby reducing laser energy reaching a base material, reducing welding penetration and reducing stability of a welding process. When a thick plate is welded by a laser arc, because the energy of a laser beam is larger, extremely strong light-induced plasma eruption is often caused, the stability of the welding process is influenced, and the energy utilization rate is greatly reduced. In practical studies, it was found that when the laser energy exceeds a certain value, the laser penetration no longer increases with increasing power due to strong plasma eruption.
In the existing laser welding process, a side-blown protective gas mode is usually adopted to inhibit laser plasma, namely a laser spot blowing device takes away the plasma above the spot through protective gas flow, and the plasma height is reduced. Therefore, the reverse bremsstrahlung absorption of the plasma is weakened, the laser energy reaching the base material is increased, and the welding stability is improved.
Laser-arc hybrid welding is a multi-heat source hybrid technology developed on the basis of laser welding, and combines the advantages of laser and arc: high energy density, high energy utilization rate, high arc stability, lower tool preparation precision and the like, and has great application prospects in the directions of ships, automobiles, aerospace and the like. During welding, the composite welding laser can generate plasma with a certain height, wherein the plasma at the bottom can interact with the arc plasma, so that the welding stability is improved; while the top photo-plasma affects the transmission of laser energy. Particularly, in the process of composite welding of thick plates, the excitation of the light-induced plasma is stronger, and the influence on the welding process is larger. However, the existing shielding gas side blowing method affects the stability of the arc plasma, and is not suitable for the laser-arc hybrid welding process.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the stability of the arc plasma is affected by a side-blowing mode of protective gas in the prior art, the invention provides a protective gas blowing device for laser-arc hybrid welding, which is used for expelling the laser plasma.
The invention adopts the specific scheme that: a laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma, which comprises a gas rail and a gas hood; the gas rail is externally connected with a gas source, a round hole and an arc welding gun penetrating hole are arranged above the gas hood, and a through hole matched with the round hole is arranged at the front part of the gas rail; the laser penetrates through the round hole and the through hole in sequence and then penetrates to the bottom of the gas hood; an arc welding gun penetrates through the arc welding gun through hole and then is combined with the laser to complete welding; the front end of the gas rail is provided with a guide pipe, and residual gas in the gas rail is discharged along the guide pipe.
The number of the guide pipes is 2, the 2 guide pipes surround the arc welding gun and guide gas to the outer side of the arc welding gun.
The round hole is provided with a lens.
And an air rail penetrating hole is formed in the side wall of the air hood, and the air rail penetrates through the air rail penetrating hole and extends into the air hood.
The arc welding gun is obliquely arranged through the hole.
The gas blowing device further comprises a gas guide pipe extending into the gas hood, and the gas guide pipe is externally connected with a gas source.
The air guide pipe and the air rail are arranged on the same side and are uniformly distributed on two sides of the air rail.
The air rail is an L-shaped air rail, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped air rail extends into the air hood.
And the vertical part of the L-shaped gas rail is fixed with the laser head.
The outer wall of the gas hood is provided with a bolt hole, and the bolt hole corresponds to the position of the arc welding gun extending into the gas hood; and tightening the bolt in the bolt hole to fasten the arc welding gun.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the gas hood provided for laser-arc welding is matched with the gas rail, the through hole matched with the round hole in the gas hood is arranged at the front end of the gas rail, when laser passes through the round hole, gas in the gas rail blows laser-induced strongly-sprayed light-induced plasmas, metal steam enters the round through hole after being strongly sprayed from the laser spot small hole and is taken away by the high-speed gas flow in the gas rail, so that the laser plasmas are inhibited, the problem that the stability of the arc plasmas is influenced by a protective gas side-blowing mode is solved, the plasma removing effect is good, and the welding effect is better.
2. According to the invention, the guide pipe is arranged at the front end of the gas rail, the guide pipe plays a role in directional flow guiding on high-pressure gas in the gas rail, the gas is guided to the outer side of the arc welding gun, and protective gas is conveyed for the gas hood, the gas rail can remove plasma for laser on one hand, and can provide uniform and stable protective gas for a welding process on the other hand, so that the cost and energy are saved, and the welding effect is improved.
3. The invention arranges the lens on the round hole. The lens can prevent reflected light from damaging a light source on one hand, and can prevent plasma blown away by high-pressure gas from escaping on the other hand, so that the effect of removing the plasma of the gas rail is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an air blower according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the air rail of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gas shield according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a working principle diagram of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are respectively:
1-an air rail; 2-welding a platform; 3-a laser head; 4-a lens; 5-a laser beam; 6-arc welding torch; 7-gas hood; 8-a workpiece to be welded; 9-a gas-guide tube; 10-a circular hole; 11-arc welding gun passing through hole; 12-a through hole; 13-a catheter; 14-a gas-guide tube through hole; 15-air rail through hole; 16-bolt hole.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
The invention provides a laser-arc hybrid welding protective gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma, which comprises a gas rail 1 and a gas hood 7; the gas rail 1 is externally connected with a gas source, a round hole 10 and an arc welding gun through hole 11 are arranged above the gas hood 7, and a through hole 12 matched with the round hole 10 is arranged at the front part of the gas rail 1; the laser penetrates through the round hole 10 and the through hole 12 in sequence and then penetrates to the bottom of the gas hood 7; the arc welding gun 6 penetrates through the arc welding gun through hole 11 and then is combined with the laser to complete welding; the front end of the air rail 1 is provided with a conduit 13; the residual gas in the gas rail and the entrained light-induced plasma are exhausted along the guide pipe.
The gas rail is a hollow channel and is a high-pressure gas passing channel.
The number of the guide pipes 13 is 2, the 2 guide pipes 13 surround the arc welding gun 6, and gas is guided to the outer side of the arc welding gun 6.
The round hole 10 is provided with a lens 4. The lens plays the role of isolating air and high-pressure protective gas, preventing air from being involved and reducing the protection effect.
An air rail penetrating hole 15 is formed in the side wall of the air hood 7, and the air rail 1 penetrates through the air rail penetrating hole 15 and extends into the air hood 7.
The arc welding torch is inclined through the hole 11. The inclined angle of the arc welding gun through hole is the same as the angle of the arc welding gun extending into the gas hood; the convenience is fixed at the arc welding gun anterior segment with the gas hood, and through-hole inclination is the same with arc welding gun inclination.
The gas blowing device also comprises a gas guide pipe 9 extending into the gas hood 7; the gas-guide tube is externally connected with a gas source. The air duct 9 is arranged at the same side of the air rail 1. The left side surface and the right side surface of the gas hood 7 are respectively provided with a threaded hole, the axis of the threaded hole is intersected with the axis of the arc welding gun, and after the gas hood is sleeved on the arc welding gun, a bolt penetrates through the end part of the arc welding gun of the top column of the threaded hole, so that the gas hood and the arc welding gun are fixed.
The air rail 1 is an L-shaped air rail, and the horizontal part of the L-shaped air rail extends into the air hood 7.
The vertical part of the L-shaped gas rail is fixed with the laser head 3.
The gas source is a high-pressure gas source.
The front end of the gas rail is provided with a guide pipe which is communicated with the guide pipe, and the rest parts are sealed, so that the condition that the front end of the gas rail is opened and high-pressure gas is directly blown onto an arc welding gun to influence the arc welding gun can be avoided. For example, to cause instability of the arc welding gun, which in turn causes a direct adverse effect on the welding effect.
A bolt hole 16 is formed in the outer wall of the gas hood 7, and the bolt hole 16 corresponds to the position of the arc welding gun extending into the gas hood 7; and tightening the bolts in the bolt holes 16 to finish fastening the arc welding gun 6. The left side surface and the right side surface of the gas hood 7 are respectively provided with a threaded hole, the axis of the threaded hole is intersected with the axis of the arc welding gun, and after the gas hood is sleeved on the arc welding gun, a bolt penetrates through the end part of the arc welding gun of the top column of the threaded hole, so that the gas hood and the arc welding gun are fixed.
Example 1
The invention provides a laser-arc hybrid welding protective gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma, which comprises a gas rail and a gas hood; the air rail is L-shaped; the horizontal part of the gas rail is 90 degrees to the vertical part, the horizontal part horizontally extends into the gas hood, the vertical part is connected with the laser head to fix the gas rail, the gas rail is externally connected with a high-pressure gas source, a round hole is arranged above the gas hood 7, an arc welding gun penetrates through the hole, and a through hole matched with the round hole is arranged at the front part of the gas rail; the laser penetrates through the round hole and the through hole in sequence and then penetrates to the bottom of the gas hood; an arc welding gun penetrates through the arc welding gun through hole and then is converged with laser to complete welding; the front end of the gas rail is provided with a guide pipe, and residual gas in the gas rail is discharged along the guide pipe. The number of the guide pipes is 2, the 2 guide pipes surround the arc welding gun and guide gas to the outer side of the arc welding gun. The round hole is provided with a lens. The arc welding gun is obliquely arranged through the hole, and the inclined angle is 45 degrees and is the same as the angle of the arc welding gun extending into the gas hood. The gas blowing device also comprises a gas guide pipe extending into the gas hood. The air guide pipe and the air rail are arranged at the same side, and are uniformly distributed on the two sides of the air rail, so that air can uniformly enter the air hood.
The outer wall of the gas hood is provided with a bolt hole, and the bolt hole corresponds to the position of the arc welding gun extending into the gas hood; and tightening the bolt in the bolt hole to fasten the arc welding gun.
The whole device is sleeved on the arc welding gun through a top round hole and fixed through a bolt through a threaded hole in the side surface of the gas hood.
The invention comprises three paths of protective gases for welding parts, which specifically comprise:
the first path of protective gas is connected with an arc welding gun, is reserved through an arc welding gun head in the welding process, and directly protects an electric arc and a laser action area; the second path of protective gas is high-pressure protective gas, passes through the upper part of the laser facula through the rectangular hollow track of the gas track, and forms high-speed airflow above the plasma. The high-speed airflow passes through the air rail and then reaches the rear part of the air hood through the two guide pipes in front of the air rail, and then enters the rear part of the air hood to protect a welding area; and the third path of protective gas is transmitted through the gas guide tube, the gas guide tube is inserted into two symmetrical small holes on the front side surface of the gas hood, and the protective gas is conveyed to the front part of the gas hood to protect a welding area.
According to the invention, the gas hood provided for laser-arc welding is matched with the gas rail, the through hole matched with the round hole in the gas hood is arranged at the front end of the gas rail, when laser passes through the round hole, gas in the gas rail blows laser-induced light-induced plasma through the through hole, metal steam enters the round through hole after being sprayed from the laser spot small hole and is taken away by high-speed gas flow in the gas rail through the gas rail, so that the laser plasma is inhibited, the problem that the stability of the arc plasma is influenced by a protective gas side blowing mode is solved, and the plasma removing effect is good.
Compared with the method for realizing the protection of the welding process by side-blown shielding gas adopted in the existing laser-arc hybrid welding, the original method can remove laser plasma to a certain extent and reduce the laser energy loss caused by the plasma, but has great influence on the arc plasma, interferes with the stability of the arc plasma, causes great fluctuation of the arc in the welding process and influences the welding quality. Especially for thick plate welding, the laser beam energy is large, strong light-induced plasma is generated, the laser energy is seriously lost, the shielding effect is strong, and more serious unstable fluctuation of the electric arc can be caused if a conventional side-blowing protection mode is adopted. The device of the invention has more outstanding effect of removing the laser plasma under the condition of high laser energy of the thick plate, and overcomes the technical resistance of the conventional side-blowing protection on the thick plate welding in the prior art. The invention adopts multi-path protective gas to respectively realize the removal of the light-induced plasma and the protection of the welding area, effectively avoids the interference to the electric arc while realizing the removal of the light-induced plasma, and effectively overcomes the problem of unstable electric arc caused by the traditional device. Under the application condition of the invention, particularly when thick plates are welded, the laser-excited light-induced plasma is strongly sprayed and enters the high-speed airflow channel to be taken away, and meanwhile, the plasma in the arc area can be effectively protected, and the interference to the stability of the welding process is avoided.
Claims (10)
1. A laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma is characterized in that the blowing device comprises a gas rail (1) and a gas hood (7); a round hole (10) and an arc welding gun through hole (11) are arranged above the gas hood (7), the gas rail (1) is externally connected with a gas source, and the front part of the gas rail (1) is provided with a through hole (12) matched with the round hole (10); the laser penetrates through the round hole (10) and the through hole (12) in sequence and then penetrates to the bottom of the gas hood (7); an arc welding gun (6) penetrates through the arc welding gun through hole (11) and then is combined with laser to complete welding; the front end of the gas rail (1) is provided with a guide pipe (13), and residual gas in the gas rail (1) is discharged along the guide pipe (13).
2. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma according to claim 1, wherein the number of the guide pipes (13) is 2, and the 2 guide pipes (13) surround the arc welding gun and guide the gas to the outer side of the arc welding gun (6).
3. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma according to claim 1, wherein a lens (4) is disposed on the circular hole (10).
4. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma according to claim 1, wherein a gas rail penetration hole (15) is provided in a side wall of the gas hood (7), and the gas rail (1) protrudes into the gas hood (7) through the gas rail penetration hole (15).
5. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device that repels laser plasma according to claim 1, wherein the arc welding torch is disposed obliquely through the hole (11).
6. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma according to claim 1, wherein the gas blowing device further comprises a gas guide tube (9) extending into the gas hood (7), and the gas guide tube (9) is externally connected with a gas source.
7. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma according to claim 6, wherein the gas guide tube (9) is disposed at the same side of the gas rail (1) and is uniformly distributed at two sides of the gas rail (1).
8. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for removing laser plasma according to claim 7, wherein the gas rail (1) is an L-shaped gas rail, and a horizontal portion of the L-shaped gas rail extends into the gas hood (7).
9. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma according to claim 8, characterized in that the vertical portion of the L-shaped gas rail is fixed with the laser head (3).
10. The laser-arc hybrid welding shielding gas blowing device for removing laser plasma according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a bolt hole (16) is provided on the outer wall of the gas hood (7), the bolt hole (16) corresponding to the position where the arc welding torch (6) protrudes into the gas hood (7); and the fastening of the arc welding gun (6) is completed by screwing the bolt in the bolt hole (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111073768.8A CN113732507B (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Laser-arc composite welding protective gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111073768.8A CN113732507B (en) | 2021-09-14 | 2021-09-14 | Laser-arc composite welding protective gas blowing device for expelling laser plasma |
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| CN113732507A true CN113732507A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
| CN113732507B CN113732507B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114571104A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-03 | 山东理工大学 | Device and method for assisting laser drilling by cooperation of external axial electric field and lateral airflow |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2002113588A (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2002-04-16 | Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd | Machining equipment by composite laser/ac plasma |
| CN107790886A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-03-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Pulsed negative pressure formula laser enhancing KTIG and MIG composite welding apparatus and method |
| CN210306247U (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-04-14 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser-arc hybrid welding protective gas hood |
| CN210633115U (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-05-29 | 西南交通大学 | Welding gun head and laser-arc hybrid welding device |
| CN111266756A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-12 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | High-power vacuum laser welding transmission lens protection mechanism and welding system |
-
2021
- 2021-09-14 CN CN202111073768.8A patent/CN113732507B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002113588A (en) * | 2000-10-04 | 2002-04-16 | Nippon Steel Weld Prod & Eng Co Ltd | Machining equipment by composite laser/ac plasma |
| CN107790886A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-03-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Pulsed negative pressure formula laser enhancing KTIG and MIG composite welding apparatus and method |
| CN210306247U (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2020-04-14 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | Laser-arc hybrid welding protective gas hood |
| CN210633115U (en) * | 2019-10-17 | 2020-05-29 | 西南交通大学 | Welding gun head and laser-arc hybrid welding device |
| CN111266756A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-12 | 中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所 | High-power vacuum laser welding transmission lens protection mechanism and welding system |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114571104A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-03 | 山东理工大学 | Device and method for assisting laser drilling by cooperation of external axial electric field and lateral airflow |
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