CN113729124B - Compound plant extract, preparation method and application thereof in feed - Google Patents
Compound plant extract, preparation method and application thereof in feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN113729124B CN113729124B CN202111291486.5A CN202111291486A CN113729124B CN 113729124 B CN113729124 B CN 113729124B CN 202111291486 A CN202111291486 A CN 202111291486A CN 113729124 B CN113729124 B CN 113729124B
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- 239000000419 plant extract Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 235000000832 Ayote Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 235000009804 Cucurbita pepo subsp pepo Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 235000015136 pumpkin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 240000006108 Allium ampeloprasum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 235000005254 Allium ampeloprasum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 147
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 147
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 132
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 114
- 241000229722 Perilla <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims description 110
- 241000169203 Eichhornia Species 0.000 claims description 109
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- SNAMIIGIIUQQSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(6-methylheptyl) hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOP(O)(=O)OCCCCCC(C)C SNAMIIGIIUQQSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000018645 Allium odorum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 235000005338 Allium tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 13
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000186428 Propionibacterium freudenreichii Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 244000000383 Allium odorum Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000003377 Allium tuberosum Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 claims 10
- 240000004244 Cucurbita moschata Species 0.000 abstract description 108
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 240000003826 Eichhornia crassipes Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 description 9
- 239000011345 viscous material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000192710 Microcystis aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000003170 nutritional factors Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 2
- VJDRZAPMMKFJEA-JEDNCBNOSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O VJDRZAPMMKFJEA-JEDNCBNOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIPOFCXYHMWROH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 2-aminoacetate;iron(2+) Chemical compound [Fe+2].NCC([O-])=O.NCC([O-])=O GIPOFCXYHMWROH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 108010011619 6-Phytase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000130270 Fagopyrum tataricum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014693 Fagopyrum tataricum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019742 Vitamins premix Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003403 betaine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000001465 calcium Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HOPSCVCBEOCPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N carboxymethyl(trimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O HOPSCVCBEOCPJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FTSSQIKWUOOEGC-RULYVFMPSA-N fructooligosaccharide Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@](CO)(OC[C@@]2(OC[C@@]3(OC[C@@]4(OC[C@@]5(OC[C@@]6(OC[C@@]7(OC[C@@]8(OC[C@@]9(OC[C@@]%10(OC[C@@]%11(O[C@H]%12O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]%12O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]%11O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]%10O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]9O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]8O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]7O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]6O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]5O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]4O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O FTSSQIKWUOOEGC-RULYVFMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940107187 fructooligosaccharide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020997 lean meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940085127 phytase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002898 threonine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004799 tryptophan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
- B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids
- B01D11/0288—Applications, solvents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a compound plant extract, a preparation method and application thereof in feed, and belongs to the technical field of feed processing. The compound plant extract comprises folium Allii tuberosi extract, herba Eichhorniae extract, caulis Cucurbitae Moschatae extract, and folium Perillae extract; the preparation method comprises the following steps: transferring the prepared folium Allii tuberosi extract, the prepared herba Eichhorniae extract, the prepared caulis Cucurbitae Moschatae extract and the prepared folium Perillae extract into a granulator to obtain feed granules; the application is as follows: the application of the compound plant extract in the feed is the pig feed. According to the application, the leek leaf extract, the water hyacinth extract, the pumpkin vine extract and the perilla leaf extract are creatively introduced, and the interaction among the substances plays a role in synergy, so that the quality and the processability of pork can be effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of feed processing, and particularly relates to a compound plant extract, a preparation method and application thereof in feed.
Background
Due to the introduction and breeding of foreign pig varieties, the lean meat percentage of pigs is continuously improved, but the meat quality is rapidly reduced, the intramuscular fat content is reduced, a large amount of PSE meat is generated, the tenderness is reduced, the taste and the flavor are poor, and the processability is poor. The factors influencing the pork quality are very complex, but are mainly influenced by the factors of heredity, nutrition, feeding management, slaughtering transportation and the like. Wherein, daily ration and nutrient have important influence to the quality of pork, can regulate and control the pork quality to a certain extent, can prevent the production of pig PSE meat effectively, improve the pork quality.
For example, the Chinese patent, application number: CN201610843593.7, publication No.: CN106562038B discloses a functional feed for improving pork quality, which comprises the following technical scheme: the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: corn, wheat bran, barley, tartary buckwheat, soybean meal, alfalfa meal, cane molasses, linseed meal, vegetable oil, calcium hydrophosphate, L-lysine sulfate, stone powder, sodium chloride, a trace element premix, a compound vitamin premix, betaine hydrochloride, a compound microecological preparation, fructooligosaccharide, L-threonine, sodium bicarbonate, ferrous glycinate, phytase, a compound enzyme preparation, small peptide selenium and L-tryptophan. However, the patent has the following problems: although the utilization rate of the feed can be improved by adopting the complex enzyme preparation, in practice, inactivation occurs during operation, the using effect is reduced, and the linseed meal contains cellulose and acidic substances, so that the linseed meal is not beneficial to eating of pigs and the quality of pork grabs is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a compound plant extract, a preparation method and application thereof in feed, which can effectively improve the quality of pork.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A compound plant extract comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
A preparation method of a compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh leek leaves, transferring the fresh leek leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained leek leaves is 3-5 mm, transferring the leek leaves to a fermentation tank, adding 1% of microbial inoculum by mass for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72 hours, obtaining fermentation liquor after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquor, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a sticky matter;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3-5 mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5-8 mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3-5 mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(5) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (3) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (4) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (5), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (5) is 8 mm.
An application of a compound plant extract in feed.
The application of the compound plant extract in feed,
the feed is pig feed.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the application, a leek leaf extract, a water hyacinth extract, a pumpkin vine extract and a perilla leaf extract are creatively introduced, and the interaction among the substances plays a role in synergy; analysis shows that the higher the feed-meat ratio, the poorer the quality of pork, the higher the dressing percentage, the higher the processability of pork, wherein conventional leek leaves are difficult to digest, cellulose in the leek leaves is effectively digested through fermentation treatment of lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the utilization rate of the leek leaves is improved, the water hyacinth belongs to a plant which is easy to form water bloom, effective fermentation can be realized only by integrating propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes, wherein the pumpkin vine and perilla leaves contain nutritional factors which are easy to promote pig growth, and extraction is carried out by means of effective extraction of an extracting agent.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 3mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(5) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (3) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (4) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (5), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (5) is 8 mm.
Example 2
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 5mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 5mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 8mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 5mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(5) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (3) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (4) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (5), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (5) is 8 mm.
Example 3
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 3mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(5) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (3) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (4) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (5), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (5) is 8 mm.
Example 4
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 5mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 5mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 8mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 5mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(5) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (3) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (4) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (5), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (5) is 8 mm.
Comparative example 1
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 3mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper to carry out crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent to carry out fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii, the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5 days, obtaining fermentation precipitate after fermentation, and carrying out air drying;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(5) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (3) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (4) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (5), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (5) is 8 mm.
Comparative example 2
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 3mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper to carry out crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is saccharomycetes, the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5 days, obtaining fermentation precipitate after fermentation, and carrying out air drying;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(5) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (3) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (4) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (5), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (5) is 8 mm.
Comparative example 3
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
40 parts of water hyacinth extractive, namely 40 parts of water hyacinth extractive,
20 parts of a pumpkin vine extract, namely,
20 parts of perilla leaf extract.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(2) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(3) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparing a compound plant extract: and (3) transferring the water hyacinth extract prepared in the step (1), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in the step (2) and the perilla leaf extract prepared in the step (3) into a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (4), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (4) is 8 mm.
Comparative example 4
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of an extract of leek leaves,
20 parts of a pumpkin vine extract, namely,
20 parts of perilla leaf extract.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 3mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(3) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (2) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (3) into a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (4), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (4) is 8 mm.
Comparative example 5
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of an extract of leek leaves,
40 parts of water hyacinth extractive, namely 40 parts of water hyacinth extractive,
20 parts of perilla leaf extract.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 3mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(3) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (3) into a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (4), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (4) is 8 mm.
Comparative example 6
The compound plant extract of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weight:
14 parts of an extract of leek leaves,
40 parts of water hyacinth extractive, namely 40 parts of water hyacinth extractive,
20 parts of pumpkin vine extract.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
The compound plant extract is prepared by mixing the above components,
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh folium Allii tuberosi, transferring into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained folium Allii tuberosi is 3mm, transferring the folium Allii tuberosi into a fermentation tank, adding 1% by mass of a microbial inoculum for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72h, obtaining a fermentation liquid after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquid, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a viscous substance;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the leek leaf extract prepared in the step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in the step (2) and the pumpkin vine extract prepared in the step (3) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
in the step (4), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
The preparation method of the compound plant extract,
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (4) is 8 mm.
Example 5
Use of the feed prepared in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-6 in pig feed:
the beneficial effect of the application in the pig feed is verified by utilizing a pig raising base of Linyi Kyushu Fang pasture Co.
The 'Jiangtong black pig' with the weight of about 32 kg is selected as a research object and divided according to the principles of similar weight and same sex proportion, wherein 20 pigs in each group are provided with a blank control group (fed with a commercial silver Zhengpai mixed fermented feed purchased from Dezhou Kangmu feed science and technology Co., Ltd.), and the test is finished and the pigs are slaughtered when the weight reaches about 55 kg.
Tests show that compared with a blank control group, the feed-meat ratios of the groups of examples 1 to 4 are respectively 2.91, 2.90 and 2.88, and the dressing percentage is respectively 80.2%, 80.5%, 80.6% and 80.6%; the feed-meat ratios of the groups of comparative examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were 3.12, 3.18, 3.35, 3.56, 3.46 and 3.62, and the slaughter rates were 77.4%, 79.1%, 70.5%, 71.7%, 66.4% and 73.2%, respectively.
In summary, the leek leaf extract, the water hyacinth extract, the pumpkin vine extract and the perilla leaf extract are creatively introduced into the composition, and the interaction among the substances plays a role in synergy; analysis shows that the higher the feed-meat ratio, the poorer the quality of pork, the higher the dressing percentage, the higher the processability of pork, wherein conventional leek leaves are difficult to digest, cellulose in the leek leaves is effectively digested through fermentation treatment of lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the utilization rate of the leek leaves is improved, the water hyacinth belongs to a plant which is easy to form water bloom, effective fermentation can be realized only by integrating propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes, wherein the pumpkin vine and perilla leaves contain nutritional factors which are easy to promote pig growth, and extraction is carried out by means of effective extraction of an extracting agent.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A compound plant extract is characterized in that:
the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a leek leaf extract: preparing fresh leek leaves, transferring the fresh leek leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained leek leaves is 3-5 mm, transferring the leek leaves to a fermentation tank, adding 1% of microbial inoculum by mass for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is lactobacillus amyloliquefaciens, the fermentation temperature is 37 ℃, the fermentation time is 72 hours, obtaining fermentation liquor after fermentation, performing centrifugal treatment on the fermentation liquor, and performing low-temperature vacuum concentration on supernatant to obtain a sticky matter;
(2) preparing a water hyacinth extract: preparing fresh water hyacinth, transferring the fresh water hyacinth into a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained water hyacinth is 3-5 mm, transferring the water hyacinth into a fermentation tank, and adding 2% of microbial inoculum by mass percent for fermentation treatment, wherein the microbial inoculum is propionibacterium freudenreichii and saccharomycetes according to the mass ratio of 1: 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃, the fermentation time is 5d, and fermentation precipitates are obtained after fermentation and air-dried;
(3) preparing the pumpkin vine extract: preparing fresh pumpkin stems, transferring the fresh pumpkin stems to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained pumpkin stems is 5-8 mm, then transferring the pumpkin stems to an extraction tank, and adding acetone and ethyl acetate, wherein the total mass of the acetone and the ethyl acetate is 10 times of the total mass of the pumpkin stems, and the mass ratio of the acetone to the ethyl acetate is 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 60 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 8 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(4) preparation of perilla leaf extract: preparing fresh perilla leaves, transferring the fresh perilla leaves to a chopper for crushing treatment, wherein the average diameter of the obtained perilla leaves is 3-5 mm, transferring the perilla leaves to an extraction tank, and adding acetone, diisooctyl phosphate and diethyl ether, wherein the total mass of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 15 times of that of the perilla leaves, and the mass ratio of the acetone, the diisooctyl phosphate and the diethyl ether is 3: 1: 5, controlling the temperature in the extraction tank to be 55 ℃ and the time in the extraction tank to be 12 hours, taking the solution in the extraction tank after extraction, carrying out centrifugal treatment, taking supernate, and then preparing dry powder in a spray drying mode;
(5) preparing a compound plant extract: transferring the folium Allii tuberosi extract prepared in step (1), the water hyacinth extract prepared in step (2), the pumpkin vine extract prepared in step (3) and the folium Perillae extract prepared in step (4) to a granulator to obtain feed granules.
2. The compounded plant extract of claim 1, wherein:
the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight:
3. the compounded plant extract as claimed in claim 2, wherein:
the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight:
4. the compounded plant extract of claim 3, wherein:
the variety of the Chinese chives in the Chinese chive leaf extract is shouguang Chinese iris;
the variety of the water hyacinth in the water hyacinth extract is purple-root water hyacinth.
5. The compounded plant extract of claim 3, wherein:
the pumpkin variety in the pumpkin vine extract is small millstone pumpkin;
the variety of the perilla leaf in the perilla leaf extract is ear-tooth variety perilla leaf.
6. The compounded plant extract of claim 1, wherein:
in the step (5), the temperature in the granulator is controlled at 30 ℃.
7. The compounded plant extract of claim 1, wherein:
the average grain diameter of the feed particles in the step (5) is 8 mm.
8. Use of the compounded plant extract as defined in any one of claims 1 to 7 in feed.
9. The application of the compound plant extract as claimed in claim 8 in feed is characterized in that: the feed is pig feed.
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