CN113728796A

CN113728796A - Combine harvester for separating castor seeds and castor stalks

Info

Publication number: CN113728796A
Application number: CN202111090787.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王志明; 周璇; 田立权; 傅云峰; 苏展
Original assignee: Jinhua Polytechnic
Current assignee: Jinhua Polytechnic
Priority date: 2021-09-17
Filing date: 2021-09-17
Publication date: 2021-12-03

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of castor-oil plant harvesting machinery, in particular to a combined harvester for separating castor beans and castor bean stalks, which comprises a harvesting component and a driving vehicle, wherein the harvesting component comprises a rack and a plurality of grain dividers arranged at the front part of the rack side by side, an inlet channel with the width narrowed is formed between the grain dividers, a cutting knife is arranged between the grain dividers, a stalk moving unit is horizontally arranged behind the cutting knife, and castor bean conveying units are arranged at two sides of the stalk moving unit; the machine frame is fixedly provided with a grain pressing device, one end of the grain pressing device, which is close to the grain divider, is provided with a head which is widened from a narrow width, a separating mechanism for separating castor seeds is arranged on the grain pressing device, the separating mechanism comprises a vibration generating unit and a pneumatic separating unit, the vibration generating unit is used for shaking the stems, the pneumatic separating unit is used for blowing the castor seeds, and the technical problem of how to realize accurate and efficient separation of the castor seeds from the stems by falling into a castor seed conveying unit is solved by the technical scheme.

Description

Combine harvester for separating castor seeds and castor stalks

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of castor harvesting machinery, in particular to a combined harvester for separating castor seeds and castor stalks.

Background

The castor, also known as hemp seed and grass hemp, is one of ten oil crops in the world and is an important chemical raw material and strategic material. The seeds, roots, stems, leaves and the like of the castor have high comprehensive development value and are widely applied to the fields of energy chemical industry, biological pharmacy, aerospace and the like. The castor oil is used as a raw material and can be used for developing biodiesel, processing polymers such as nylon and the like, developing deep-processed products such as a plasticizer and the like. Meanwhile, the castor has wide application prospect in the field of biological medicine, and the ricin has the anti-tumor effect; ricinine has strong insecticidal activity, and can be used for preparing biological pesticide. The castor is a salt-tolerant energy crop and can be used for ecological restoration such as soil improvement, saline-alkali soil restoration, heavy metal soil restoration and the like.

China is one of the main production countries and consumption countries of castor, but the total yield of castor in China is far from meeting the domestic demand, and a large amount of castor is imported from foreign countries every year. Therefore, in order to meet domestic consumption needs, the domestic castor planting area needs to be enlarged, the total yield needs to be improved, and the mechanization level of castor planting needs to be improved.

At present, the mechanized development level of main crops in China is good, wheat is basically mechanized, but the mechanized level of castor production is low, and particularly mechanized harvesting cannot meet production requirements and is mainly completed manually. Along with the urbanization process and rural labor force transfer, people engaged in agricultural production are less and less, and the labor intensity of manual castor harvesting is high and the efficiency is low.

Chinese patent application No. CN202010994435.8 discloses a castor harvesting device, which comprises a cutting assembly and a castor seed conveying unit; a group of castor bean conveying units are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the cutting assembly; the cutting assembly comprises a pair of cutters; and the cutting knife is positioned at the middle front side of the castor bean conveying unit by taking the conveying direction of the castor bean conveying unit as a reference. However, the stems of the equipment are kept in a vertical state when the equipment moves and vibrates, the falling direction of the castor beans is uncertain, the castor beans cannot fall into the castor bean conveying unit accurately, and all the castor beans cannot fall off only by means of vibration.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problem, a combined harvester for separating castor beans and castor stalks is provided. According to the technical scheme, the technical problem of how to realize accurate and efficient separation of castor seeds falling into the castor seed conveying unit and the stems is solved.

In order to achieve the above purposes, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

a combine harvester for separating castor beans and castor bean stalks comprises a harvesting assembly and a driving vehicle, wherein the harvesting assembly comprises a rack and a plurality of grain dividers arranged at the front part of the rack side by side, an inlet channel with a narrowed width is formed between the grain dividers, a cutting knife for cutting the stalks is arranged between the grain dividers, a stalk moving unit for conveying the stalks is horizontally arranged behind the cutting knife, and castor bean conveying units are arranged at two sides of the stalk moving unit; the straw pressing device is fixedly installed on the rack, the straw pressing device is horizontally arranged above the stem moving unit, one end, close to the straw divider, of the straw pressing device is provided with a head which is widened from a narrow part, the lower side of the straw pressing device is provided with a certain radian, a separating mechanism for separating castor seeds is arranged on the straw pressing device, the separating mechanism comprises a vibration generating unit and a pneumatic separating unit, the vibration generating unit is used for shaking the stems, the working ends of the pneumatic separating unit face the two sides of the straw pressing device, and the pneumatic separating unit is used for blowing the castor seeds.

Preferably, the vibration generating unit of the separating mechanism comprises a plurality of blocking blocks arranged on the grain pressing device, the blocking blocks are horizontally distributed on two sides of the head at equal intervals, and the shape of the vibration generating unit is matched with that of the side surface of the grain pressing device.

Preferably, the pneumatic separation unit includes the air compressor machine of fixed mounting in the frame, and the trachea is connected to the end of supplying gas of air compressor machine, the trachea extends along the top center pin of standing grain depressor, is equipped with the branch road to the multiunit equidistant distribution that the standing grain depressor both sides level extended on the trachea, installs the shower nozzle that sets up downwards on the branch road, and trachea support fixed mounting is in the top of standing grain depressor, and trachea support is used for the tracheal every branch road of fixed support.

Preferably, still install cowl in the frame, cowl sets up and extends at stem mobile unit top level, and cowl is provided with certain radian towards castor bean conveying unit direction, and the higher one end setting of cowl leaves certain clearance in stem mobile unit top and apart from stem mobile unit, and the lower one end of cowl is pressed close to castor bean conveying unit's working face.

Preferably, the stem mobile unit is including two driving chains of parallel arrangement, the vertical setting of the rotation axis of driving chain, is equipped with the passageway that the stem removed between two driving chains, installs a plurality of fingers on the driving chain, and it is rotatory that the driving chain follows the driving chain to dial on the equidistant distribution of finger, and the stem mobile unit is still including the rotatory actuating mechanism of drive driving chain.

Preferably, castor bean conveying unit is including the conveyer belt, and the working face level of conveyer belt sets up, and the conveyer belt is rotatory through the second transmission shaft drive that the level set up, and the both sides of frame are provided with the side shield, and the side shield laminating conveyer belt one side outwards, and one side that the frame is close to the conveyer belt output is provided with down the flitch.

Preferably, the cutting knives are coaxially arranged below one end, close to the nearside divider, of a transmission chain of the stalk moving unit, the cutting knives are in transmission connection with the transmission chain, and cutting surfaces of the two cutting knives are horizontally staggered.

Preferably, the one end below of keeping away from the divider of stem stalk mobile unit is provided with stem stalk unloading unit, and stem stalk unloading unit changes the roller including parallel arrangement's two relative rotation, two change have certain clearance between the roller, change the rotation axis setting of roller at the direction of movement parallel and castor bean stem stalk, change the all sides level of roller and set up a plurality of equidistant sand grips that distribute.

Preferably, the rotating rollers are provided with a certain taper towards one end of the crop divider, and a channel which is narrowed by width is formed between the two rotating rollers.

Preferably, the rack is provided with a first rotary driving device, the first rotary driving device is in transmission connection with a second transmission shaft of the castor bean conveying unit through a transmission belt, the driving mechanism of the stem moving unit comprises a first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is coaxially arranged with the second transmission shaft of the castor bean conveying unit, one end of the first transmission shaft is in limit connection with one end of the second transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is coaxially provided with two first bevel gears, the toothed surfaces of the first bevel gears face outwards, the first bevel gears are in meshing connection with a second bevel gear, the central shaft of the second bevel gear is vertically arranged and inserted on the rack, the second bevel gear is arranged above the first bevel gear, the first rotary shaft extends above the second bevel gear, the first rotary shaft is used for connecting a transmission chain, and the inner side of a rotating roller of the stem blanking unit is coaxially provided with a third bevel gear, and the third bevel gear is in meshed connection with the second bevel gear.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the beneficial effects that:

1. this application carries out the bending to the castor stem stalk of both sides through the setting at the pressure standing grain ware of castor stem stalk removal route top, and the castor seed removes to castor seed conveying unit's working face top and separates at cooperation separating mechanism to guarantee that the castor seed can directly drop and carry on the working face of castor seed conveying unit, improve the yield of castor seed.

2. This application makes stem mobile unit drive castor bean stem when removing the uneven vibrations that cause the castor bean stem of moving path of castor bean stem through setting up the stopper that distributes at the equal interval in the pressure standing grain ware both sides, and the extrusion collision of the cooperation multiple castor bean stem realizes dropping of castor bean.

3. This application makes easily form the clearance between the castor stem stalk through blowing to the castor stem stalk that moves, makes things convenient for the castor bean to drop to the working face of castor bean conveying unit from the stem stalk clearance and collects, under the dual function of pneumatic separation unit and vibration generating unit, realizes effectively dropping of castor bean and has improved the yield of castor bean.

4. The castor bean is prevented from directly dropping out of the castor bean in the moving process of the castor bean stem through the arc-shaped baffle, so that the yield of the castor bean is improved, and the normal operation of the stem moving unit is prevented from being influenced when the castor bean or the branches are wound into the stem moving unit.

5. This application forms the removal route of stable castor stem stalk through the relative movement of two parallel arrangement's drive chain, and the lower part of castor stem stalk is carried out the centre gripping in crisscross when removing to dialling of installation on the drive chain to drive the stable removal of castor stem stalk.

6. This application realizes avoiding producing the mesh that the gap influences the collection of castor bean through the conveyer belt realization of working face for the belt face, and the integrality of castor bean also can effectively be protected to the belt face, avoids the castor bean breakage.

7. This application can improve the cutting efficiency to the castor bean stem stalk through two crisscross settings of cutting knife level.

8. The rotation that changes the roller phase to phase that this application passes through carries castor bean stem opening part below, realizes the unloading of castor bean stem, avoids the castor bean stem to pile up the subsequent cutting work of influence.

9. This application sets up certain tapering through the change roller towards the one end of divider and thereby forms the passageway by the width narrows down, and castor stem stalk gets into back pressure grow gradually to can guarantee that stem stalk unloading unit can carry the castor stem stalk that removes in the stem stalk mobile unit downwards.

10. This application can practice thrift manufacturing cost through the first rotary driving device through single power supply drive cutting knife, stem stalk mobile unit, castor bean conveying unit and the simultaneous working of stem stalk unloading unit.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second perspective view of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a perspective view of the grain presser and the vibration generating unit of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a pneumatic separation unit of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a curved baffle of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the present invention and a partial enlarged view thereof;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 7 at B;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a stalk blanking unit of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a first perspective view of the stem moving unit of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a second perspective view of the stem moving unit of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a castor bean delivery unit of the present invention

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the frame, cutter, stem moving unit, castor bean conveying unit and stem blanking unit of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a first perspective view of the cutter, the stem moving unit, the castor bean conveying unit and the stem blanking unit of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a second perspective view of the cutter, the stem moving unit, the castor bean conveying unit and the stem blanking unit of the present invention;

the reference numbers in the figures are:

1-a frame; 1 a-side baffle; 1 b-a blanking plate; 1 c-a first rotary drive; 1c 1-drive belt;

2-a divider;

3-a cutter;

4-a stalk moving unit; 4 a-a drive chain; 4 b-finger dialing; 4 c-a drive mechanism; 4c1 — first drive shaft; 4c2 — first bevel gear; 4c3 — second bevel gear; 4c 4-first axis of rotation;

5-a castor bean conveying unit; 5 a-a conveyor belt; 5 b-a second drive shaft;

6-a grain presser; 6 a-a head;

7-a separation mechanism; 7 a-a vibration generating unit; 7a 1-stop block; 7 b-a pneumatic separation unit; 7b 1-air compressor; 7b 2-trachea; 7b 3-spray head; 7b 4-tracheal stent;

8-arc baffle;

9-a stalk blanking unit; 9 a-a roller; 9a 1-ribs; 9 b-third bevel gear.

Detailed Description

The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

In order to solve the technical problem of how to realize the accurate and efficient separation of castor beans falling into a castor bean conveying unit and stalks, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the following preferred technical scheme is provided:

a combine harvester for separating castor beans and castor bean stalks comprises a harvesting assembly and a driving vehicle, wherein the harvesting assembly comprises a rack 1 and a plurality of grain dividers 2 which are arranged in front of the rack 1 side by side, an inlet channel with a narrow width is formed between the grain dividers 2, a cutting knife 3 for cutting the stalks is arranged between the grain dividers 2, a stalk moving unit 4 for conveying the stalks is horizontally arranged behind the cutting knife 3, and castor bean conveying units 5 are arranged on two sides of the stalk moving unit 4; a grain pressing device 6 is fixedly installed on the rack 1, the grain pressing device 6 is horizontally arranged above the stem moving unit 4, a narrow and wide head 6a is arranged at one end, close to the grain divider 2, of the grain pressing device 6, a certain radian is arranged on the lower side of the grain pressing device 6, a separating mechanism 7 for separating castor seeds is arranged on the grain pressing device 6, the separating mechanism 7 comprises a vibration generating unit 7a and a pneumatic separating unit 7b, the vibration generating unit 7a is used for shaking the stems, the working end of the pneumatic separating unit 7b faces to the two sides of the grain pressing device 6, and the pneumatic separating unit 7b is used for blowing the castor seeds.

Specifically, the harvesting component in this embodiment is installed in the front of the driving vehicle, the harvesting component harvests castor beans when the driving vehicle moves in the castor field, the grain divider 2 is arranged in front of the frame 1 of the harvesting component, the movement of castor bean stalks is facilitated through the entrance passage with the width being narrowed between the grain dividers 2, the castor bean stalks are fixed by the stalk moving unit 4 to realize directional movement after moving to between the grain dividers 2, the cutting knife 3 cuts the bottom of the stalks fixed by the stalk moving unit 4, the stalks smoothly move to the inside of the frame 1 after the cutting is completed, because the prior art directly vibrates the castor bean stalks when moving, castor beans and stalks are separated and fall onto the castor bean conveying units 5 at the two sides of the stalk moving unit 4, the falling direction of the castor beans cannot be ensured by the mode, and the castor beans cannot be ensured to fall onto the working surface of the castor bean conveying unit 5 to move, therefore, in the embodiment, the castor stems are bent towards two sides by the grain pressing device 6 arranged above the moving path of the castor stems, so that the castor seeds move to the upper part of the working surface of the castor seed conveying unit 5 and are separated by the separation mechanism 7, thereby ensuring that the castor seeds can directly fall on the working surface of the castor seed conveying unit 5 for conveying, improving the yield of the castor seeds, the head 6a is arranged at the front end of the grain pressing device 6, the head 6a can be allocated with the castor seeds moving inwards in the left and right directions, the radians at two sides of the head 6a can ensure that the castor stems cannot be directly broken in the bending process, the shells of mature castor fruits can be burst by slight external force, the castor seeds fall down, but the castor seeds cannot easily fall off due to the extrusion of a plurality of castor stems, the separation mechanism 7 shakes through the vibration generating unit 7a and the pneumatic separation unit 7b, the castor seeds and the castor stems are efficiently separated, and the problem that the castor seeds are mixed in the stems, branches and leaves and cannot fall off is avoided.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how the vibration generating unit 7a realizes shaking of the castor stalks, as shown in fig. 3, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: the vibration generating unit 7a of the separating mechanism 7 comprises a plurality of stopping blocks 7a1 arranged on the grain pressing device 6, the stopping blocks 7a1 are horizontally distributed on two sides of the head part 6a at equal intervals, and the shape of the vibration generating unit 7a is matched with that of the side surface of the grain pressing device 6.

Specifically, the vibration generating unit 7a in this embodiment realizes shaking of castor stalks by the blocking blocks 7a1 arranged on both sides of the grain presser 6 and distributed at equal intervals, the castor stalks are in rapid contact with the blocking blocks 7a1 when the stalk moving unit 4 fixes the castor stalks to move inward stably, the movement path of the castor stalks is uneven to cause vibration of the castor stalks, and the castor seeds fall down by being matched with extrusion and collision of a plurality of castor stalks.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how the pneumatic separation unit 7b can improve the separation efficiency of castor beans and stalks, as shown in fig. 4, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: the pneumatic separation unit 7b comprises an air compressor 7b1 fixedly mounted on the frame 1, an air feeding end of the air compressor 7b1 is connected with an air pipe 7b2, the air pipe 7b2 extends along the upper central shaft of the grain presser 6, a plurality of groups of branches which are distributed at equal intervals and horizontally extend towards two sides of the grain presser 6 are arranged on the air pipe 7b2, a nozzle 7b3 which faces downwards is mounted on each branch, an air pipe support 7b4 is fixedly mounted above the grain presser 6, and the air pipe support 7b4 is used for fixedly supporting each branch of the air pipe 7b 2.

Specifically, the pneumatic separation unit 7b in this embodiment blows air to the moving castor stalks to achieve effective falling of castor seeds, the air compressor 7b1 provides air into the air pipe 7b2, the air pipe 7b2 is provided with a plurality of groups of branches which are distributed at equal intervals and horizontally extend towards two sides of the grain presser 6, the branches are provided with downward-arranged nozzles 7b3, so that the conveying direction of the air can be ensured to face the working surface of the castor seed conveying unit 5, in another embodiment, the direction of the nozzles 7b3 may be different, so as to form a multi-directional air source to shake the castor stems, under the pneumatic action, gaps are easily formed among the castor stalks, so that the castor seeds fall from the gaps among the stalks to the working surface of the castor seed conveying unit 5 for collection, under the dual action of the pneumatic separation unit 7b and the vibration generation unit 7a, the yield of castor seeds is improved.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to prevent castor beans from falling off and being unable to be collected in the moving process of castor stalks, as shown in fig. 5, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: still install cowl 8 in frame 1, cowl 8 sets up and extends at stem mobile unit 4 top level, and cowl 8 is provided with certain radian towards 5 directions of castor bean conveying unit, and the higher one end setting of cowl 8 leaves certain clearance in stem mobile unit 4 top and apart from stem mobile unit 4, and the working face of castor bean conveying unit 5 is pressed close to the lower one end of cowl 8.

Specifically, the castor stems in this embodiment move in the gap between the two arc-shaped baffles 8, the arc-shaped baffles 8 are arranged above the stem moving unit 4, so that castor seeds can be prevented from directly dropping in the moving process of the castor stems, the castor seeds drop on the arc-shaped baffles 8 and move to the working surface of the castor seed conveying unit 5 along the arc-shaped baffles 8, the yield of the castor seeds is improved, and in addition, the arc-shaped baffles 8 can also prevent the castor seeds or branches from being wound in the stem moving unit 4 to influence the normal operation of the stem moving unit 4.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to stably drive the cut castor stalks by the stalk moving unit 4, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: the stalk moving unit 4 comprises two transmission chains 4a arranged in parallel, a rotating shaft of each transmission chain 4a is vertically arranged, a passage for stalk moving is arranged between the two transmission chains 4a, a plurality of shifting fingers 4b are arranged on the transmission chains 4a, the transmission chains 4a are arranged on the shifting fingers 4b in an equidistant mode and rotate along with the transmission chains 4a, and the stalk moving unit 4 further comprises a driving mechanism 4c for driving the transmission chains 4a to rotate.

Specifically, the stem moving unit 4 in this embodiment forms a stable castor stem moving path by the relative movement of the two parallel transmission chains 4a, and the fingers 4b mounted on the transmission chains 4a clamp the lower portion of the castor stem in a staggered manner when moving, so as to drive the castor stem to move stably.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how the castor bean conveying unit 5 drives the castor beans to move stably, as shown in fig. 2, 12 and 13, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: castor bean conveying unit 5 is including conveyer belt 5a, and the working face level of conveyer belt 5a sets up, and conveyer belt 5a is rotatory through the drive of the second transmission shaft 5b0 drive that the level set up, and the both sides of frame 1 are provided with side shield 1a, and side shield 1a laminating conveyer belt 5a is one side outwards, and frame 1 is close to one side of conveyer belt 5a output and is provided with flitch 1b down.

Specifically, the working face of the conveyor belt 5a in this embodiment may be a belt face, which avoids generating a gap to influence the collection of castor beans, the belt face may also effectively protect the integrity of the castor beans, and avoid the castor beans from being broken, and the side baffle 1a of the rack 1, which is arranged outside the conveyor belt 5a, cooperates with the arc baffle 8 on the other side of the conveyor belt 5a to surround the transmission path of the castor bean conveying unit 5, so as to avoid the castor beans from dropping outside the castor bean conveying unit 5 to influence the yield of the castor beans.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to improve the cutting efficiency of the crop divider 2 on the castor stalks, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: the cutting knife 3 is coaxially arranged below one end of the transmission chain 4a of the stalk moving unit 4 close to the nearside divider 2, the cutting knife 3 is in transmission connection with the transmission chain 4a, and the cutting surfaces of the two cutting knives 3 are horizontally arranged in a staggered mode.

Specifically, cutting knife 3 in this embodiment is connected with the transmission of driving chain 4a and can be guaranteed that driving chain 4a and cutting knife 3 open in step and stop, and the driving chain 4a moves to cutting knife 3 department behind the fixed castor bean stem stalk, and the crisscross setting of two 3 levels of cutting knife can improve the cutting efficiency to the castor bean stem stalk.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to perform blanking when the castor bean stalks are moved to the innermost side of the stalk moving unit 4, as shown in fig. 7 and 9, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: stalk unloading unit 9 is provided with stalk unloading unit 9 below the one end of keeping away from divider 2 of stalk mobile unit 4, and stalk unloading unit 9 has certain clearance including two relative rotation's of parallel arrangement two commentaries on classics rollers 9a, and the rotation axis setting of commentaries on classics roller 9a is in the direction of movement of parallel with castor bean stalk, and the week side level of commentaries on classics roller 9a sets up a plurality of equidistant convex strips 9a1 that distribute.

It is specific, castor stem stalk in this embodiment removes to be blockked by frame 1 unable removal after stem stalk mobile unit 4 is inside, it will lead to blockking up not to shift out the castor stem stalk, can't carry out subsequent work of reaping, stem stalk unloading unit 9 sets up the below at stem stalk mobile unit 4, the rotation relative with castor stem stalk opening part below through stem stalk unloading unit 9's commentaries on classics roller 9a is carried, the unloading of castor stem stalk, the sand grip 9a1 that commentaries on classics roller 9a week side set up can increase the contact strength with stem stalk 35, improve the work efficiency of unloading, debris jam can be avoided to sand grip 9a 1's interval is great, guarantee stem stalk unloading unit 9's work efficiency.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to make the castor stalks completely contact with the rotating roller 9a to facilitate stalk blanking, as shown in fig. 9, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: the end of the rotating roller 9a facing the nearside divider 2 is provided with a certain taper, and a channel which is narrowed by width is formed between the two rotating rollers 9 a.

Specifically, the turning roll 9a in this embodiment sets up a certain taper towards one end of the crop divider 2 to form a passage narrowed by the width, and the pressure of the castor stalks after entering gradually becomes large, so that the stalk blanking unit 9 can convey the castor stalks moved in the stalk moving unit 4 downward.

Further, in order to solve the technical problem of how to realize that a single power source drives the cutting knife 3, the stalk moving unit 4, the castor bean conveying unit 5 and the stalk blanking unit 9 to work, as shown in fig. 8 to fig. 15, the following preferred technical solutions are provided: the rack 1 is provided with a first rotary driving device 1c, the first rotary driving device 1c is in transmission connection with a second transmission shaft 5b0 of the castor bean conveying unit 5 through a transmission belt 1c1, the driving mechanism 4c of the stem moving unit 4 comprises a first transmission shaft 4c1, the first transmission shaft 4c1 is coaxially arranged with the second transmission shaft 5b0 of the castor bean conveying unit 5, the first transmission shaft 4c1 is in limit connection with one end of the second transmission shaft 5b0, the first transmission shaft 4c1 is coaxially provided with two first bevel gears 4c2, the toothed surface of the first bevel gear 4c2 faces outwards, the first bevel gear 4c2 is in mesh connection with a second bevel gear 4c3, the central shaft of the second bevel gear 4c3 is vertically arranged on the rack 1, the second bevel gear 4c3 is arranged above the first bevel gear 4c2, and the first rotary shaft 4c4 extends above the second bevel gear 4c3, the first rotating shaft 4c4 is used for connecting the transmission chain 4a, a third bevel gear 9b is coaxially arranged inside the rotating roller 9a of the stalk blanking unit 9, and the third bevel gear 9b is meshed with the second bevel gear 4c 3.

Specifically, the cutting knife 3, the stem moving unit 4, the castor bean conveying unit 5 and the stem blanking unit 9 in this embodiment are all driven by a first rotary driving device 1c, the first rotary driving device 1c may be a servo motor, the first rotary driving device 1c drives a second transmission shaft 5b0 of the castor bean conveying unit 5 to rotate through a transmission belt 1c1, the second transmission shaft 5b0 rotates in a direction that the transmission belt 5a conveys castor beans to the blanking plate 1b, the second transmission shaft 5b0 rotates to drive a first transmission shaft 4c1 coaxially arranged with the second transmission shaft 5b0 to rotate, a first bevel gear 4c2 coaxially arranged on the first transmission shaft 4c1 drives a second bevel gear 4c3 in meshing connection to rotate so as to drive a transmission chain 4a in transmission connection through a second bevel gear 4c3 to rotate, thereby realizing stable inward conveying of castor beans, the rotation of driving chain 4a drives the cutting knife 3 and rotates and cut the castor bean stem, second bevel gear 4c3 and stem unloading unit 9's commentaries on classics roller 9a meshing is rotatory, the rotatory direction of second bevel gear 4c3 can drive commentaries on classics roller 9a and rotate and realize carrying downwards to the castor bean stem, drive cutting knife 3 through single power supply, stem mobile unit 4, castor bean conveying unit 5 and stem unloading unit 9 simultaneous working can practice thrift manufacturing cost.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. The combined harvester for separating castor beans and castor bean stalks comprises a harvesting assembly and a driving vehicle, wherein the harvesting assembly comprises a rack (1) and a plurality of grain dividers (2) which are arranged at the front part of the rack (1) side by side, an inlet channel with narrow width is formed between the grain dividers (2), a cutting knife (3) for cutting the stalks is arranged between the grain dividers (2), a stalk moving unit (4) for conveying the stalks is horizontally arranged behind the cutting knife (3), and castor bean conveying units (5) are arranged on two sides of the stalk moving unit (4);

the device is characterized in that a grain pressing device (6) is fixedly mounted on the rack (1), the grain pressing device (6) is horizontally arranged above the stem moving unit (4), one end, close to the grain divider (2), of the grain pressing device (6) is provided with a head (6a) which is narrow and wide, a certain radian is arranged on the lower side of the grain pressing device (6), a separating mechanism (7) used for separating castor beans is arranged on the grain pressing device (6), the separating mechanism (7) comprises a vibration generating unit (7a) and a pneumatic separating unit (7b), the vibration generating unit (7a) is used for shaking the stems, the working end of the pneumatic separating unit (7b) faces the two sides of the grain pressing device (6), and the pneumatic separating unit (7b) is used for blowing the castor beans.

2. A combine harvester according to claim 1, characterised in that the vibration generating unit (7a) of the separating mechanism (7) comprises a plurality of stoppers (7a1) arranged on the straw presser (6), the stoppers (7a1) are horizontally arranged at equal intervals on both sides of the head (6a), and the vibration generating unit (7a) is in shape fit with the side surface of the straw presser (6).

3. A combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the pneumatic separation unit (7b) comprises an air compressor (7b1) fixedly mounted on the frame (1), the air supply end of the air compressor (7b1) is connected with an air pipe (7b2), the air pipe (7b2) extends along the upper central axis of the straw presser (6), a plurality of groups of branches which are distributed at equal intervals and horizontally extend towards the two sides of the straw presser (6) are arranged on the air pipe (7b2), a nozzle (7b3) arranged downwards is mounted on each branch, an air pipe bracket (7b4) is fixedly mounted above the straw presser (6), and the air pipe bracket (7b4) is used for fixedly supporting each branch of the air pipe (7b 2).

4. A combine harvester for separating castor beans and castor stalks according to claim 1, wherein an arc-shaped baffle (8) is further mounted on the frame (1), the arc-shaped baffle (8) is horizontally arranged above the stalk moving unit (4) and extends, a certain radian is arranged on the arc-shaped baffle (8) towards the castor bean conveying unit (5), the higher end of the arc-shaped baffle (8) is arranged above the stalk moving unit (4) and leaves a certain gap from the stalk moving unit (4), and the lower end of the arc-shaped baffle (8) is close to the working surface of the castor bean conveying unit (5).

5. A combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the stem moving unit (4) comprises two parallel transmission chains (4a), the rotation axes of the transmission chains (4a) are vertically arranged, a passage for the stem to move is arranged between the two transmission chains (4a), a plurality of fingers (4b) are arranged on the transmission chains (4a), the transmission chains (4a) rotate along with the transmission chains (4a) in the equidistant distribution of the fingers (4b), and the stem moving unit (4) further comprises a driving mechanism (4c) for driving the transmission chains (4a) to rotate.

6. A combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the castor bean conveying unit (5) comprises a conveyor belt (5a), the working surface of the conveyor belt (5a) is horizontally arranged, the conveyor belt (5a) is driven to rotate by a horizontally arranged second transmission shaft (5b), side baffles (1a) are arranged on two sides of the frame (1), the side baffles (1a) are attached to the outward side of the conveyor belt (5a), and a blanking plate (1b) is arranged on one side of the frame (1) close to the output end of the conveyor belt (5 a).

7. A combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the cutting knives (3) are coaxially arranged below the end of the transmission chain (4a) of the straw moving unit (4) close to the nearside divider (2), the cutting knives (3) are in transmission connection with the transmission chain (4a), and the cutting surfaces of the two cutting knives (3) are horizontally staggered.

8. A combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein a straw blanking unit (9) is arranged below one end of the straw moving unit (4) far away from the grain divider (2), the straw blanking unit (9) comprises two rotating rollers (9a) which are arranged in parallel and rotate relatively, a certain gap is formed between the two rotating rollers (9a), the rotating shaft of the rotating roller (9a) is arranged in the moving direction parallel to the castor stalks, and a plurality of convex strips (9a1) which are distributed at equal intervals are horizontally arranged on the peripheral side of the rotating roller (9 a).

9. A combine harvester according to claim 8, characterized in that the rolls (9a) are tapered towards the end of the crop divider (2), and that a channel is formed between the two rolls (9a) that narrows in width.

10. A combine harvester according to claim 1, wherein the frame (1) is provided with a first rotary driving device (1c), the first rotary driving device (1c) is in transmission connection with the second transmission shaft (5b) of the castor bean conveying unit (5) through a transmission belt (1c1), the driving mechanism (4c) of the stem moving unit (4) comprises a first transmission shaft (4c1), the first transmission shaft (4c1) is coaxially arranged with the second transmission shaft (5b) of the castor bean conveying unit (5), the first transmission shaft (4c1) is in limit connection with one end of the second transmission shaft (5b), the first transmission shaft (4c1) is coaxially provided with two first bevel gears (4c2), the tooth-shaped surfaces of the first bevel gears (4c2) face to the outside, the first bevel gears (4c2) are in meshing connection with the second bevel gears (4c3), the central shaft of the second bevel gear (4c3) is vertically arranged and inserted on the rack (1), the second bevel gear (4c3) is arranged above the first bevel gear (4c2), a first rotating shaft (4c4) extends above the second bevel gear (4c3), the first rotating shaft (4c4) is used for being connected with a transmission chain (4a), a third bevel gear (9b) is coaxially arranged on the inner side of a rotating roller (9a) of the straw blanking unit (9), and the third bevel gear (9b) is meshed with the second bevel gear (4c 3).