CN113718363A - 一种水刺复合无纺布及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种水刺复合无纺布及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113718363A CN113718363A CN202111036819.XA CN202111036819A CN113718363A CN 113718363 A CN113718363 A CN 113718363A CN 202111036819 A CN202111036819 A CN 202111036819A CN 113718363 A CN113718363 A CN 113718363A
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- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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Images
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
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- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
- C08F8/40—Introducing phosphorus atoms or phosphorus-containing groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/544—Olefin series
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及水刺布技术领域,具体涉及一种水刺复合无纺布及其制备方法。
背景技术
无纺布具有透气、柔软、质轻、无毒无刺激性、色彩丰富、价格低廉等特点。如采用聚丙烯(PP)粒料为原料,经高温熔融、喷丝、铺网、热压卷取连续一步法生产而成。水刺无纺布是无纺布中的一种,是将高压微细水流喷射到一层或多层纤维网上,使纤维相互缠结在一起,从而使纤网得以加固而具备一定强力,得到的织物即为水刺无纺布。
传统水刺无纺布抗静电能力差,抗菌性较差,为了不改变无纺布的性能的情况下增加非织造布的强力,采用水刺的方法提高无纺布的力学性能和粘结能力,但还需要进一步提高水刺无纺布的抗静电性能和抗菌性能,因此,有必要提出一种复合水刺无纺布。
专利CN109177353A公开了一种复合水刺无纺布,为三层级复合结构,上、下层均为水刺无纺布层,中间层为加强层,所述上层的水刺无纺布层、中间层的加强层和下层的水刺无纺布层三者加固为一体,通过水刺加固为一体,改善了传统水刺无纺布强力差的问题,大大提高了水刺无纺布的抗拉强度。但是,该水刺无纺布硬度较大,柔软性差。
专利CN113026201A公开了一种复合纳米纤维水刺无纺布,主要由PP纤维、纳米纤维素纤维、碳纤维、聚酯纤维按比例配置投入。与现有技术相比,本发明有良好的结构强度、组织紧密性、环保等性能,但是该水刺无纺布制备工艺复杂,不易于工业化生产。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提出一种水刺复合无纺布及其制备方法,具有良好的抗菌、抗静电性能,且力学性能也有明显的提高。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
本发明提供一种水刺复合无纺布,由以下原料制备而成:改性聚丙烯、硅烷偶联剂和氧化石墨烯;
所述改性聚丙烯具有如式Ⅰ所示结构:
其中,n=100-200。
作为本发明的进一步改进,由以下原料按重量份制备而成:改性聚丙烯100-150份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份和氧化石墨烯2-5份。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述改性聚丙烯由以下方法制备而成:
S1.将3-丁烯-1-胺单体、聚丙烯和引发剂混合后,加热熔融,发生接枝共聚反应,过滤,乙醇洗涤,干燥,得到中间体,具有如式Ⅱ所示结构:
S2.三苯基鏻溴化物的制备:将三苯基膦、1,2-二溴丙烷溶于第一溶剂中,加热反应,过滤,乙醚洗涤,干燥,得到三苯基鏻溴化物,具有如式Ⅲ所示结构:
S3.改性聚丙烯的制备:将步骤S2中所述三苯基鏻溴化物溶于第二溶剂中,加入步骤S1中所述中间体,氮气保护下搅拌反应,过滤,乙醇洗涤,加入盐酸溶液中,搅拌反应,过滤,干燥,得到改性聚丙烯。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述改性聚丙烯由以下方法制备而成:
S1.将60-75重量份3-丁烯-1-胺单体、50-60重量份聚丙烯和0.1-0.5重量份引发剂混合后,加热至180-220℃,反应2-3h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,干燥,得到中间体;
S2.三苯基鏻溴化物的制备:将25-27重量份三苯基膦、21-22重量份1,2-二溴丙烷溶于第一溶剂中,加热至120-140℃反应1-2h,过滤,乙醚洗涤,干燥,得到三苯基鏻溴化物;
S3.改性聚丙烯的制备:将45-50重量份步骤S2中所述三苯基鏻溴化物溶于第二溶剂中,加入10-15重量份步骤S1中所述中间体,氮气保护下加热至40-60℃,搅拌反应,过滤,乙醇洗涤,加入1-2mol/L盐酸溶液中,搅拌反应0.5-1h,过滤,干燥,得到改性聚丙烯。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述引发剂选自偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二异庚腈、叔丁基过氧化氢、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化月桂酰、过氧化二叔丁基、过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧化二异丙苯、过氧化环己酮、过氧化叔戊酸叔丁基酯、过氧化甲乙酮、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、过氧化二碳酸二环己酯、过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵中的一种或几种混合。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述第一溶剂选自二甲苯、甲苯、苯、乙苯、丙苯、二乙苯中的至少一种;所述第二溶剂选自二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氢呋喃、乙腈、甲苯、苯中的至少一种。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述硅烷偶联剂为带有氨基的硅烷偶联剂,选自γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷、N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷、N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷、二乙烯三胺基丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或几种。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷的复配混合物,质量比为(2-5):1。
本发明进一步保护一种上述水刺复合无纺布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将改性聚丙烯加入含硅烷偶联剂的乙醇水溶液中,加热至80-90℃,反应1-2h后加入氧化石墨烯,继续反应0.5-1h,用氨水调节pH至为8-10,继续反应3-4h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,得到SiO2@改性聚丙烯;
(2)将SiO2@改性聚丙烯加入螺杆注塑机中,加热熔融喷丝,在热空气作用下拉伸后,得到SiO2@改性聚丙烯纤维;
(3)将SiO2@改性聚丙烯纤维经牵伸气流牵引,吹向滚筒,并收集到滚筒上,依靠自身的热黏合成为布;
(4)将成网后的熔喷无纺布收集在滚筒上再由卷绕机构卷取成卷;
(5)将卷取布料牵伸后装入平网水刺机中,水刺加固,水刺后干燥制得水刺复合无纺布。
作为本发明的进一步改进,所述水刺头压力为1.8-2.5MPa。
本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明制备了一种改性聚丙烯,首先通过将聚丙烯和3-丁烯-1-胺单体聚合改性后,进一步连接三苯基鏻溴化物,经过盐酸质子化后,从而制备了一种具有季铵盐、鏻盐位点的改性聚丙烯,具有明显的抗菌和抗静电效果,季鏻盐、季铵盐具有抗菌高效、广谱、pH适用范围宽、化学稳定性好等优点,首先将带负电荷的细菌细胞表面吸附在季铵盐位点,然后侵入细胞壁,进一步与细胞膜结合和引起细胞膜破裂;进一步地,该结构还是一种阳离子型抗静电结构,亲油基朝向聚丙烯内部,亲水基则向着大气侧排列,并吸收大气中的水分在制品表面形成连续、均匀的具有取向特征的导电分子层,从而降低静电的聚集,因此,也是一种长效耐水洗的抗静电原料,从而提高了制得的水刺无纺布的抗静电性能。
本发明复合水刺无纺布的制备中,将改性聚丙烯进一步通过带有氨基的硅烷偶联剂改性偶联,在碱性条件下,硅烷偶联剂的硅烷部分发生水解生成SiO2,从而固定在改性聚丙烯表面,提高了聚丙烯材料的力学性能,进一步经过水刺加固后,纤网中的纤维发生位移、穿插、缠结、抱合,形成无数个柔性缠结点,从而使纤网得到加固,得到高性能的水刺无纺布。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明中改性聚丙烯的合成路线图。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
制备例1改性聚丙烯
合成路线见图1所示,由以下方法制备而成:
S1.将60g 3-丁烯-1-胺单体、50g聚丙烯和0.1g过氧化月桂酰混合后,加热至180℃,反应2h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,干燥,得到中间体;
S2.三苯基鏻溴化物的制备:将25g三苯基膦、21g 1,2-二溴丙烷溶于100mL甲苯中,加热至120℃反应1h,过滤,乙醚洗涤,干燥,得到三苯基鏻溴化物;
S3.改性聚丙烯的制备:将45g步骤S2中所述三苯基鏻溴化物溶于100mL氯仿中,加入10g步骤S1中所述中间体,氮气保护下加热至40℃,搅拌反应3h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,加入1mol/L盐酸溶液中,搅拌反应1h,过滤,干燥,得到改性聚丙烯。
制备例2改性聚丙烯
合成路线见图1所示,由以下方法制备而成:
S1.将75g 3-丁烯-1-胺单体、60g聚丙烯和0.5g过氧化叔戊酸叔丁基酯混合后,加热至220℃,反应3h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,干燥,得到中间体;
S2.三苯基鏻溴化物的制备:将27g三苯基膦、22g 1,2-二溴丙烷溶于100mL甲苯中,加热至140℃反应2h,过滤,乙醚洗涤,干燥,得到三苯基鏻溴化物;
S3.改性聚丙烯的制备:将50g步骤S2中所述三苯基鏻溴化物溶于100mL氯仿中,加入15重量份步骤S1中所述中间体,氮气保护下加热至60℃,搅拌反应3h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,加入1mol/L盐酸溶液中,搅拌反应1h,过滤,干燥,得到改性聚丙烯。
制备例3改性聚丙烯
合成路线见图1所示,由以下方法制备而成:
S1.将65g 3-丁烯-1-胺单体、55g聚丙烯和0.3g偶氮二异庚腈混合后,加热至200℃,反应2.5h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,干燥,得到中间体;
S2.三苯基鏻溴化物的制备:将26g三苯基膦、21.5g 1,2-二溴丙烷溶于100mL二甲苯中,加热至130℃反应1.5h,过滤,乙醚洗涤,干燥,得到三苯基鏻溴化物;
S3.改性聚丙烯的制备:将47g步骤S2中所述三苯基鏻溴化物溶于100mL氯仿中,加入12g步骤S1中所述中间体,氮气保护下加热至50℃,搅拌反应3h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,加入1mol/L盐酸溶液中,搅拌反应1h,过滤,干燥,得到改性聚丙烯。
对比制备例1
与制备例3相比,未经过三苯基鏻溴化物改性,其他条件均不改变。
由以下方法制备而成:
S1.将65g 3-丁烯-1-胺单体、55g聚丙烯和0.3g偶氮二异庚腈混合后,加热至200℃,反应2.5h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,干燥,得到中间体;
S2.改性聚丙烯的制备:将59g步骤S1中所述中间体加入1mol/L盐酸溶液中,搅拌反应1h,过滤,干燥,得到改性聚丙烯。
实施例1水刺复合无纺布
制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)将100g制备例1制得的改性聚丙烯加入含10g硅烷偶联剂的乙醇水溶液500mL中,加热至85℃,反应2h后加入2g氧化石墨烯,继续反应1h,用氨水调节pH至为9,继续反应4h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,得到SiO2@改性聚丙烯;
硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷的复配混合物,质量比为2:1。
(2)将SiO2@改性聚丙烯加入螺杆注塑机中,加热熔融喷丝,在热空气作用下拉伸后,得到SiO2@改性聚丙烯纤维;
(3)将SiO2@改性聚丙烯纤维经牵伸气流牵引,吹向滚筒,并收集到滚筒上,依靠自身的热黏合成为布;
(4)将成网后的熔喷无纺布收集在滚筒上再由卷绕机构卷取成卷;
(5)将卷取布料牵伸后装入平网水刺机中,水刺加固,水刺头压力为2MPa,水刺后干燥制得水刺复合无纺布。
实施例2
与实施例1相比,原料及其配比不同,其他条件均不改变。
原料组成:制备例2制得的改性聚丙烯150g、硅烷偶联剂15g和氧化石墨烯5g。硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷的复配混合物,质量比为5:1。
实施例3
与实施例1相比,原料及其配比不同,其他条件均不改变。
原料组成:制备例3制得的改性聚丙烯125g、硅烷偶联剂12g和氧化石墨烯3g。硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷和N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷的复配混合物,质量比为3:1。
实施例4
与实施例3相比,硅烷偶联剂为γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷,其他条件均不改变。
实施例5
与实施例3相比,硅烷偶联剂为N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷,其他条件均不改变。
对比例1
与实施例3相比,改性聚丙烯由对比制备例1制得替代,其他条件均不改变。
对比例2
与实施例3相比,改性聚丙烯由普通聚丙烯替代,其他条件均不改变。
对比例3
与实施例3相比,未添加硅烷偶联剂,其他条件均不改变。
对比例4
与实施例3相比,未添加氧化石墨烯,其他条件均不改变。
测试例1抗菌抗螨性能测试
将实施例1-5以及对比例1-4制得水刺复合无纺布采用振荡法(GB/T20944.3-2008)测试。结果见表1。
表1
组别 | 大肠杆菌抗菌率(%) | 金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌率(%) |
实施例1 | 96.7 | 97.2 |
实施例2 | 97.1 | 98.0 |
实施例3 | 98.9 | 99.2 |
实施例4 | 94.2 | 95.4 |
实施例5 | 93.7 | 96.2 |
对比例1 | 83.5 | 82.0 |
对比例2 | 65.2 | 60.1 |
对比例3 | 92.2 | 93.4 |
对比例4 | 88.5 | 89.2 |
将实施例1-5以及对比例1-4制得水刺复合无纺布进行防螨测试,测试指标按照国标GBT24253-2009,结果见表2。
表2
组别 | 防螨率(%) |
实施例1 | 89 |
实施例2 | 92 |
实施例3 | 95 |
实施例4 | 90 |
实施例5 | 91 |
对比例1 | 75 |
对比例2 | 56 |
对比例3 | 89 |
对比例4 | 84 |
由上表可知,本发明制得的水刺复合无纺布具有良好的抗菌、防螨性能。
测试例2性能测试
将实施例1-5以及对比例1-4制得水刺复合无纺布进行性能测试,按照GB/T21295-2014服装理化性能的技术要求方法检测,结果见表3。
表3
组别 | 断裂强力(N) | 顶破强力(N) | 撕破强力(N) | 磨损重量(mg) |
实施例1 | 990 | 740 | 48 | 0.3 |
实施例2 | 997 | 752 | 49 | 0.3 |
实施例3 | 1005 | 760 | 50 | 0.2 |
实施例4 | 920 | 702 | 42 | 0.5 |
实施例5 | 902 | 698 | 43 | 0.6 |
对比例1 | 980 | 730 | 47 | 0.4 |
对比例2 | 940 | 720 | 46 | 0.4 |
对比例3 | 840 | 670 | 39 | 0.9 |
对比例4 | 880 | 690 | 40 | 0.7 |
由上表可知,本发明制得的水刺复合无纺布具有良好的力学性能,耐撕扯,耐磨。
测试例3
将实施例1-5以及对比例1-4制得水刺复合无纺布进行表面电阻测试,按照AATCC76-2019《纺织品表面电阻试验方法》检测,结果见表4。
表4
由上表可知,本发明制得的水刺复合无纺布具有较低的表面电阻,具有极好的抗静电性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述水刺复合无纺布,其特征在于,由以下原料按重量份制备而成:改性聚丙烯100-150份、硅烷偶联剂10-15份和氧化石墨烯2-5份。
4.根据权利要求3所述水刺复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述改性聚丙烯由以下方法制备而成:
S1.将60-75重量份3-丁烯-1-胺单体、50-60重量份聚丙烯和0.1-0.5重量份引发剂混合后,加热至180-220℃,反应2-3h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,干燥,得到中间体;
S2.三苯基鏻溴化物的制备:将25-27重量份三苯基膦、21-22重量份1,2-二溴丙烷溶于第一溶剂中,加热至120-140℃反应1-2h,过滤,乙醚洗涤,干燥,得到三苯基鏻溴化物;
S3.改性聚丙烯的制备:将45-50重量份步骤S2中所述三苯基鏻溴化物溶于第二溶剂中,加入10-15重量份步骤S1中所述中间体,氮气保护下加热至40-60℃,搅拌反应,过滤,乙醇洗涤,加入1-2mol/L盐酸溶液中,搅拌反应0.5-1h,过滤,干燥,得到改性聚丙烯。
5.根据权利要求3或4所述水刺复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述引发剂选自偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二异庚腈、叔丁基过氧化氢、过氧化苯甲酰、过氧化月桂酰、过氧化二叔丁基、过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯、过氧化二异丙苯、过氧化环己酮、过氧化叔戊酸叔丁基酯、过氧化甲乙酮、过氧化二碳酸二异丙酯、过氧化二碳酸二环己酯、过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾、过硫酸铵中的一种或几种混合。
6.根据权利要求3或4所述水刺复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述第一溶剂选自二甲苯、甲苯、苯、乙苯、丙苯、二乙苯中的至少一种;所述第二溶剂选自二氯甲烷、氯仿、四氢呋喃、乙腈、甲苯、苯中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述水刺复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为带有氨基的硅烷偶联剂,选自A174、A171、A172、A151中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求7所述水刺复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述硅烷偶联剂为A174和A172的复配混合物,质量比为(2-5):1。
9.一种如权利要求1-8任一项所述水刺复合无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将改性聚丙烯加入含硅烷偶联剂的乙醇水溶液中,加热至80-90℃,反应1-2h后加入氧化石墨烯,继续反应0.5-1h,用氨水调节pH至为8-10,继续反应3-4h,过滤,乙醇洗涤,得到SiO2@改性聚丙烯;
(2)将SiO2@改性聚丙烯加入螺杆注塑机中,加热熔融喷丝,在热空气作用下拉伸后,得到SiO2@改性聚丙烯纤维;
(3)将SiO2@改性聚丙烯纤维经牵伸气流牵引,吹向滚筒,并收集到滚筒上,依靠自身的热黏合成为布;
(4)将成网后的熔喷无纺布收集在滚筒上再由卷绕机构卷取成卷;
(5)将卷取布料牵伸后装入平网水刺机中,水刺加固,水刺后干燥制得水刺复合无纺布。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述水刺头压力为1.8-2.5MPa。
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