CN113694247A - 一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法属于生物医用材料技术领域,首先利用了过氧化钙特殊的理化性质,在无水环境中如无水乙醇中,利用正硅酸四乙酯在碱性条件下在过氧化钙表面包覆均匀的微孔二氧化硅层,得到核壳结构的纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2。其次,利用交联剂戊二醛和D‑甘露醇与水溶性羧甲基壳聚糖水溶液交联形成水凝胶,再添加核壳结构的纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2的氢氧化钠水溶液,迅速搅拌,得到复合水凝胶,利用冻干技术,得到水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2复合海绵。本发明解决了水溶性壳聚糖海绵遇水即溃散的问题并使复合海绵具有有快速吸收血液和高效抗菌的性能。
Description
技术领域:
本发明属于生物医用材料技术领域,具体涉及一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法。
背景技术:
在全球范围内不可控出血及伤口感染仍是造成死亡的重要原因,在军事和平民创伤中约有50%死于院前失血过度,同时造成了全球经济的巨大损失。因而,开发一种高效安全的止血材料对于创伤失血是必要的。目前临床及市场应用的止血材料,如纱布、海绵、绷带、凝胶、喷雾以及敷料等,其主要成分多源于天然聚合物(如壳聚糖、明胶、胶原蛋白、纤维素和海藻酸盐)、合成聚合物(如聚氰基丙烯酸酯、聚丙烯酸和聚乳酸)或无机物种(如高岭土和沸石)等,但其在应用上存在止血效果较差、潜在毒性、不便存储,以及针对不规则伤口出血止血效果差等问题。因此,制备一种安全高效、有效杀菌、经济便携的功能性止血材料具有重要的临床意义。
止血海绵是临床以及生活中常见的止血材料,目前较为成熟的有海藻酸盐止血海绵、明胶止血海绵、壳聚糖止血海绵以及聚乙烯醇止血海绵等复合海绵。其中,壳聚糖海绵是应用较为广泛的止血材料,其主要成分壳聚糖是一种带正电的天然高分子化合物,具有良好的生物安全性和抗菌活性,通过表面聚阳离子与红细胞表面阴离子结合使红细胞聚集,同时激活血小板聚集活化凝血酶,但其碱化处理的壳聚糖可能造成碱残留导致伤口刺激,减缓愈合,而去碱化的水溶性壳聚糖止血海绵柔韧性差、且易溶于水引起溃散而降低止血性能和抗菌性能,不能满足临床及户外紧急止血的需求。因此,需要开发一种简单有效的技术,以改善并解决水溶性壳聚糖海绵的止血性能和抗菌性能。
纳米技术在疾病诊疗应用中带来新的机遇,其促进了各种纳米材料用于体内外不可控失血,同时赋予止血剂多功能性,如药物缓释递送、靶向止血、抗菌、促愈合等。与传统材料相比纳米材料特殊的尺寸结构表现出的较大的比表面积、多孔机构、表面粘附力等特性为止血剂提供了更多可能性。目前,纳米止血剂可分为无机纳米止血剂和有机纳米止血剂,其中有机纳米止血剂包含自组装多肽类、聚氰基丙烯酸酯、纳米壳聚糖类、纳米海藻酸盐类、自组装有机大分子仿生类,而无机纳米止血剂含有高岭土纳米敷料、二氧化硅纳米颗粒、氧化锌纳米颗粒以及纳米复合材料等。虽然近年来无机纳米止血剂表现出良好的止血性能,但其依然存在一些不足:第一,无机材料大量堆积在血管破损处,可能造成材料从伤口处进入血液并造成其他部位的血栓;第二,某些无机材料依然存在生物毒性,并在伤口处引起水合热造成二次伤害;第三,单独的无机纳米材料吸收液体能力依然较海绵等商用止血剂依然较差,针对严重不可控出血效果微弱。此外,伤口处微生物感染依然是止血及后续治疗的重点之一,引入高效抗菌性材料对伤口愈合重塑具有重要意义,而目前大多数止血剂不具有抗菌性,因此,结合具有抗菌效果的无机纳米材料和水溶性壳聚糖海绵具有较好的应用前景。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术存在的止血性能差、吸收渗血能力不足、不具备抗菌性能等缺陷,提供了一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法。该方法工艺简单、止血迅速、抗菌效果显著以及有一定的促伤口愈合性能。
为了达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:包括以下步骤:
本发明的目的是通过如下技术方案实现的:
一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法,是以水溶性壳聚糖为原料,采用戊二醛为交联剂,采用甘露醇为增孔剂,以纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2为功能性材料,制备壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵。
(1)在搅拌条件下,将水溶性羧化壳聚糖加入pH 8.5氢氧化钠溶液中溶解,得到水溶性壳聚糖溶液,其中,水溶性壳聚糖浓度为1.5~2.5%(w/w);
(2)在搅拌条件下,将1%(w/w)戊二醛溶液和5%(w/w)D-甘露醇溶液加入步骤(1)所述浓度为1.5~2.5%(w/w)的水溶性壳聚糖溶液中,混合均匀,得到混合微凝胶;其中加入的水溶性壳聚糖溶液、戊二醛溶液和D-甘露醇溶液比例为10mL:0.1mL:1mL;
(3)在搅拌条件下,向步骤(2)所述混合微凝胶加入用pH 8.5氢氧化钠溶液配置的纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2溶液并混合均匀,得水溶性壳聚糖/CaO2@pSiO2混合凝胶,真空冷冻干燥,得到所述的功能性复合抗菌止血海绵。
进一步地,步骤(1)中纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2的具体制备步骤包括:
(a)将氯化钙与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶于无水乙醇中,于超声分散,加入0.8M氨水并于25℃下搅拌;其中加入的氯化钙、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、无水乙醇和氨水的比例为(0.5~2)g:(1~5)g:150mL:10mL;
(b)将1M过氧化氢溶液逐滴滴加至(a)中混合溶液中,并于25℃下逐渐搅拌反应,至过氧化氢溶液完全滴加后反应2h,分离提纯;加入的氯化钙和过氧化氢溶液比例为(0.5~2)g:(2~8)mL;
(c)步骤(b)分离提纯得到的过氧化钙纳米粒重悬于无水乙醇中并超声分散,加入10M氨水,搅拌,并加入1.4%~12.5%(v/v)正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液,在20~40℃搅拌反应12~18h;反应结束后,经分离纯化,得到二氧化硅层包覆的过氧化钙纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2;其中加入的过氧化钙、无水乙醇、氨水和正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液比例为(60~120)mg:(10~20)mL:1mL:7.2mL。
进一步地,步骤(b)中的分离提纯在15000rpm下离心10min,然后沉淀重悬于无水乙醇中;步骤(c)中的分离提纯在9000rpm下离心5min,然后无水乙醇清洗并于真空干燥;步骤(c)中正硅酸四乙酯溶液溶剂为无水乙醇。
进一步地,步骤(2)中戊二醛、D-甘露醇溶剂为超纯水或PBS。
进一步地,步骤(2)、(3)中搅拌为800~1000rpm。
进一步地,步骤(3)中纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2与水溶性壳聚糖比例为1:(10、5、2、1)。
进一步地,步骤(3)中水溶性壳聚糖/CaO2@pSiO2混合凝胶在-20℃~-40℃冷冻24h后,于-60℃冷冻干燥机处理24~48h。
利用如上所述制备方法制备的水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵。
如上所述水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵能够应用于战伤、创伤急救等造成地深部创伤性止血、不可压缩创伤止血以及不规则创伤止血等各方面。本发明提供的水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵具有高效快速的止血特性。
本发明利用低浓度戊二醛在水中自发交联的特性,与水溶性壳聚糖分子间交联,在甘露醇作用下经过于800~1000rpm下搅拌,形成交联状水凝胶,解决了单独水溶性壳聚糖海绵遇水快速溃散的问题;通过添加纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2改善了海绵表面的粗糙程度,降低了孔隙大小,加速吸收水的速度,并利用了纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2产生Ca2+以及表面硅醇基对血液凝血因子的作用,加速凝血速度,此外纳米粒子产生的H2O2和O2具有抗菌加速伤口愈合能力。
与现有技术相比,发明具有如下优点:
(1)本发明提供的制备方法利用低浓度戊二醛和甘露醇,与水溶性壳聚糖作用后,冻干后成为海绵,解决了水溶性壳聚糖遇水快速溃散、承载血液能力差的问题;
(2)本发明提供的制备方法,采用具有核壳结构的纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2作为功能性材料,改善了单独CaO2对组织较强的刺激毒害作用,同时增加了二氧化硅对于凝血途径的加速作用,并且长效的H2O2和O2有利于持久抗菌改善组织愈合能力。
(3)本发明制备方法工艺操作性便捷、原料来源广,通过优化工艺条件及原料比例的优化调控,可以具备工业化生产的资格。
附图说明
图1是得到的纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2的微观结构图;
图2是得到的不同比例的水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵微观结构图;
图3是得到的水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵的抗菌能力示意图;
图4是得到的水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵的动态凝血分析示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例和附图对本发明作进一步详述。
核壳结构的CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒的制备
(1)称取1g无水氯化钙和3g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,58000)溶于150mL无水乙醇中,超声分散至无色透明溶液时,加入10mL新鲜配置0.8M氨水,于25℃下转速为350rpm搅拌10min后,将6mL 1M新鲜的过氧化氢溶液以0.05mL/min流速滴加至上述溶液中,在350rpm搅拌速度下,25℃下搅拌4h,产生淡蓝色微乳液,经过离心、洗涤后得到CaO2纳米粒。
(2)将制备好的CaO2纳米粒在洗涤后直接再分散在2ml无水乙醇中,超声分散后取其1mL于装有15mL无水乙醇的圆底烧瓶中,并于超声分散10min后,加入1mL浓度为10M的氨水,于25℃下400rpm搅拌10min。此外将0.8mL正硅酸四乙酯加入至6.4mL无水乙醇混匀得到正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液,于3h内将其滴加至上述溶液中,并于30℃温度250rpm搅拌12h,分离纯化,于60℃真空干燥,制备得到核壳结构的CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒。所制得的样品TEM图见图1。
水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵
(3)称取脱乙酰度≥95%,粘度100~200mPa·s的水溶性羧甲基壳聚糖0.8g于40mL pH8.5氢氧化钠溶液中,于50℃搅拌12h得到水溶性壳聚糖溶液,其中水溶性壳聚糖溶液质量分数为2%。取其5mL与烧杯中,在搅拌速度为800~1000rpm条件下,同时加入50μL1%(w/w)戊二醛溶液和500μL 5%(w/w)甘露醇溶液,800rpm下搅拌5min后,将其倒入模具中,25℃下静止2h后得到透明的凝胶。
(4)称取60mg CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒,加入200μL pH8.5氢氧化钠溶液,混匀后,加入上述制备的凝胶中,于800~1000rpm下搅拌1min混合均匀,立即放在-20℃冰箱冷冻24h后,并于真空冷冻干燥机干燥24h,得到水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵。所制得含有不同比例纳米颗粒的海绵状样品SEM图见图2。
(5)将所制备的水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵裁剪为0.8×0.8×0.25cm,同时将商用明胶海绵和不含材料的水溶性壳聚糖海绵剪裁为同等大小,并于紫外灯下杀菌2h,将野生型致病型金黄色葡萄球菌以109mL-1CFU,取100μL涂布,将明胶海绵、单纯壳聚糖海绵、含有纳米粒的海绵放置在已涂布的固体培养基上,于37℃培养箱培养24h,观察其抗菌效果,即抑菌圈大小,其中复合海绵具有较好的抑菌效果,其示意图图见图3。
(6)将所制备的含有不同质量比例(材料:壳聚糖=0、0.2和0.8)水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵裁剪为0.8×0.8×0.25cm,同时以单独血液为对照,以及医用纱布和明胶海绵剪裁为同等大小,放在6孔板中,并在37℃孵育30min,加入10μL25mM氯化钙溶液后,再加入50μL酸性抗凝血,放置于摇床中在37℃孵育并以50rpm摇晃,产看其动态凝血情况,在1min时加入超纯水,50rpm摇晃1min洗去游离未凝固血细胞,并于酶标仪550nm处测试其未凝固血细胞的吸光度,并用origin作图,其中含有材料比例为0.2和0.8的水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵具有良好的动态凝血效果,其动态凝血分析见图4。
实施例1
(1)称取1g无水氯化钙和3g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,24000)溶于150mL无水乙醇中,超声分散至无色透明溶液时,加入10mL新鲜配置0.8M氨水,于25℃下转速为350rpm搅拌10min后,将6mL 1M新鲜的过氧化氢溶液以0.05mL/min流速滴加至上述溶液中,在350rpm搅拌速度下,25℃搅拌4h,产生淡蓝色微乳液,经过离心、洗涤后得到CaO2纳米粒。
实施例2
(1)称取1g无水氯化钙和2g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,58000)溶于150mL无水乙醇中,超声分散至无色透明溶液时,加入10mL新鲜配置0.8M氨水,于25℃下转速为350rpm搅拌10min后,将6mL 1M新鲜的过氧化氢溶液以0.05mL/min流速滴加至上述溶液中,在350rpm搅拌速度下,25℃下搅拌4h,产生淡蓝色微乳液,经过离心、洗涤后得到CaO2纳米粒。
实施例3
(1)称取1g无水氯化钙和1g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,58000)溶于150mL无水乙醇中,超声分散至无色透明溶液时,加入10mL新鲜配置0.8M氨水,于25℃下转速为350rpm搅拌10min后,将6mL 1M新鲜的过氧化氢溶液以0.05mL/min流速滴加至上述溶液中,在350rpm搅拌速度下,25℃下搅拌4h,产生淡蓝色微乳液,经过离心、洗涤后得到CaO2纳米粒。
实施例4
(1)称取0.5g无水氯化钙和3g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,58000)溶于150mL无水乙醇中,超声分散至无色透明溶液时,加入10mL新鲜配置0.8M氨水,于25℃下转速为350rpm搅拌10min后,将6mL 1M新鲜的过氧化氢溶液以0.05mL/min流速滴加至上述溶液中,在350rpm搅拌速度下,25℃下搅拌4h,产生淡蓝色微乳液,经过离心、洗涤后得到CaO2纳米粒。
实施例5
(1)称取0.5g无水氯化钙和2g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP,58000)溶于150mL无水乙醇中,超声分散至无色透明溶液时,加入10mL新鲜配置0.8M氨水,于25℃下转速为350rpm搅拌10min后,将6mL 1M新鲜的过氧化氢溶液以0.05mL/min流速滴加至上述溶液中,在350rpm搅拌速度下,25℃下搅拌4h,产生淡蓝色微乳液,经过离心、洗涤后得到CaO2纳米粒。
实施例6
(2)将制备好的CaO2纳米粒在洗涤后直接再分散在2ml丙酮中,超声分散后取其1mL于装有15mL丙酮的圆底烧瓶中,并于超声分散10min后,加入1mL浓度为10M的氨水,于25℃下400rpm搅拌10min。此外将0.8mL正硅酸四乙酯加入至6.4mL无水乙醇混匀得到正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液,于3h内将其滴加至上述溶液中,并于30℃温度250rpm搅拌12h,分离纯化、60℃真空干燥,制备得到核壳结构的CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒。
实施例7
(2)将制备好的CaO2纳米粒在洗涤后直接再分散在2ml无水乙醇中,超声分散后取其1mL于装有15mL无水乙醇的圆底烧瓶中,并于超声分散10min后,加入1mL浓度为10M的氨水,于25℃下400rpm搅拌10min。此外将0.4mL正硅酸四乙酯加入至6.8mL无水乙醇混匀得到正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液,于3h内将其滴加至上述溶液中,并于30℃温度250rpm搅拌12h,分离纯化、60℃真空干燥,制备得到核壳结构的CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒。
实施例8
(2)将制备好的CaO2纳米粒在洗涤后直接再分散在2ml无水乙醇中,超声分散后取其1mL于装有15mL无水乙醇的圆底烧瓶中,并于超声分散10min后,加入1mL浓度为10M的氨水,于25℃下400rpm搅拌10min。此外将0.2mL正硅酸四乙酯加入至7.0mL无水乙醇混匀得到正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液,于3h内将其滴加至上述溶液中,并于30℃温度250rpm搅拌12h,分离纯化、60℃真空干燥,制备得到核壳结构的CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒。
实施例9
(2)将制备好的CaO2纳米粒在洗涤后直接再分散在2ml无水乙醇中,超声分散后取其1mL于装有15mL无水乙醇的圆底烧瓶中,并于超声分散10min后,加入1mL浓度为10M的氨水,于25℃下400rpm搅拌10min。此外将0.1mL正硅酸四乙酯加入至7.1mL无水乙醇混匀得到正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液,于3h内将其滴加至上述溶液中,并于30℃温度250rpm搅拌12h,分离纯化、60℃真空干燥,制备得到核壳结构的CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒。
实施例10
(2)将制备好的CaO2纳米粒在洗涤后直接再分散在2ml无水乙醇中,超声分散后取其1mL于装有15mL无水乙醇的圆底烧瓶中,并于超声分散10min后,加入1mL浓度为10M的氨水,于25℃下400rpm搅拌10min。此外将0.4mL正硅酸四乙酯加入至6.8mL无水乙醇混匀得到正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液,于3h内将其滴加至上述溶液中,并于30℃温度250rpm搅拌12h,分离纯化、60℃真空干燥,制备得到核壳结构的CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒。
实施例11
(3)称取脱乙酰度≥95%,粘度200~400mPa·s的水溶性羧甲基壳聚糖0.8g于40mL pH8.5氢氧化钠溶液中,于50℃搅拌12h得到具有一定粘度的澄清溶液,其水溶性壳聚糖质量分数为2%。取其5mL与烧杯中,在搅拌速度为800~1000rpm条件下,同时加入50μL1%(w/w)戊二醛溶液和500μL 5%(w/w)甘露醇溶液,于800~1000rpm下搅拌5min后,将其倒入模具中,25℃下静止2h后得到透明的凝胶。
实施例12
(3)称取脱乙酰度≥95%,粘度100~200mPa·s的水溶性羧甲基壳聚糖0.8g于40mL pH8.5氢氧化钠溶液中,于50℃搅拌12h得到具有一定粘度的澄清溶液,其水溶性壳聚糖质量分数为2%。取其5mL与烧杯中,在搅拌速度为800~1000rpm条件下,同时加入100μL1%(w/w)戊二醛溶液和500μL 5%(w/w)甘露醇溶液,800~1000rpm搅拌5min后,将其倒入模具中,25℃下静止2h后得到透明的凝胶。
实施例13
(3)称取脱乙酰度≥95%,粘度100~200mPa·s的水溶性羧甲基壳聚糖0.8g于40mL pH8.5氢氧化钠溶液中,于50℃搅拌12h得到具有一定粘度的澄清溶液,其水溶性壳聚糖质量分数为2%。取其5mL与烧杯中,在搅拌速度为800~1000rpm条件下,同时加入100μL1%(w/w)戊二醛溶液和1000μL 5%(w/w)甘露醇溶液,800~1000rpm搅拌5min后,将其倒入模具中,25℃下静止2h后得到透明的凝胶。
实施例14
(4)称取80mg CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒,加入200μL pH8.5氢氧化钠溶液,混匀后,加入上述制备的凝胶中,1min于800~1000rpm下搅拌混匀,立即放在-20℃冰箱冷冻24h后,并与真空冷冻干燥机干燥24h,得到水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵。
实施例15
(4)称取40mg CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒,加入200μL pH8.5氢氧化钠溶液,混匀后,加入上述制备的凝胶中,1min于800~1000rpm下搅拌混匀,立即放在-20℃冰箱冷冻24h后,并与真空冷冻干燥机干燥24h,得到水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵。
实施例16
(4)称取20mg CaO2@pSiO2纳米颗粒,加入200μL pH8.5氢氧化钠溶液,混匀后,加入上述制备的凝胶中,1min于800~1000rpm下搅拌混匀,立即放在-20℃冰箱冷冻24h后,并与真空冷冻干燥机干燥24h,得到水溶性壳聚糖/纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2功能性抗菌止血海绵。
Claims (9)
1.一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)在搅拌条件下,将水溶性羧化壳聚糖加入pH 8.5氢氧化钠溶液中溶解,得到水溶性壳聚糖溶液,其中,水溶性壳聚糖浓度为1.5~2.5%(w/w);
(2)在搅拌条件下,将1%(w/w)戊二醛溶液和5%(w/w)D-甘露醇溶液加入步骤(1)所述浓度为1.5~2.5%(w/w)的水溶性壳聚糖溶液中,混合均匀,得到混合微凝胶;其中加入的水溶性壳聚糖溶液、戊二醛溶液和D-甘露醇溶液比例为10mL:0.1mL:1mL;
(3)在搅拌条件下,向步骤(2)所述混合微凝胶加入用pH 8.5氢氧化钠溶液配置的纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2溶液并混合均匀,得水溶性壳聚糖/CaO2@pSiO2混合凝胶,真空冷冻干燥,得到所述的多功能性复合止血海绵。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2的具体制备步骤包括:
(a)将氯化钙与聚乙烯吡咯烷酮溶于无水乙醇中,于超声分散,加入0.8M氨水并于25℃下搅拌;其中加入的氯化钙、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、无水乙醇和氨水的比例为(0.5~2)g:(1~5)g:150mL:10mL;
(b)将1M过氧化氢溶液逐滴滴加至(a)中混合溶液中,并于25℃下逐渐搅拌反应,至过氧化氢溶液完全滴加后反应2h,分离提纯;加入的氯化钙和过氧化氢溶液比例为(0.5~2)g:(2~8)mL;
(c)步骤(b)分离提纯得到的过氧化钙纳米粒重悬于无水乙醇中并超声分散,加入10M氨水,搅拌,并加入1.4%~12.5%(v/v)正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液,在20℃~40℃搅拌反应12~18h;反应结束后,经分离纯化,得到二氧化硅层包覆的过氧化钙纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2;其中加入的过氧化钙、无水乙醇、氨水和正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液比例为(60~120)mg:(10~20)mL:1mL:7.2mL。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(b)中的分离提纯在15000rpm下离心10min,然后沉淀重悬于无水乙醇中;步骤(c)中的分离提纯在9000rpm下离心5min,然后无水乙醇清洗并于真空干燥;步骤(c)中正硅酸四乙酯乙醇溶液溶剂为无水乙醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中戊二醛、D-甘露醇溶剂为超纯水或PBS。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)、(3)中搅拌为800~1000rpm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中纳米粒CaO2@pSiO2与水溶性壳聚糖的质量比为1:(10、5、2、1)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种多功能性复合止血海绵的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中水溶性壳聚糖/CaO2@pSiO2混合凝胶在-20℃~-40℃冷冻24h后,于-60℃冷冻干燥机处理24h~48h。
8.利用权利要求1所述制备方法制得的多功能性复合止血海绵。
9.如权利要求8所述多功能性复合止血海绵在深部创伤性止血、不可压缩创伤止血或不规则创伤止血中的应用。
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