CN113693036B - Novel fish gathering station structure - Google Patents
Novel fish gathering station structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113693036B CN113693036B CN202110959319.7A CN202110959319A CN113693036B CN 113693036 B CN113693036 B CN 113693036B CN 202110959319 A CN202110959319 A CN 202110959319A CN 113693036 B CN113693036 B CN 113693036B
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- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 168
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K69/00—Stationary catching devices
- A01K69/06—Traps
- A01K69/08—Rigid traps, e.g. lobster pots
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K79/00—Methods or means of catching fish in bulk not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K77/00, e.g. fish pumps; Detection of fish; Whale fishery
- A01K79/02—Methods or means of catching fish in bulk not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K77/00, e.g. fish pumps; Detection of fish; Whale fishery by electrocution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
- B66D1/02—Driving gear
- B66D1/12—Driving gear incorporating electric motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
- B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
- B66D3/04—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage
- B66D3/06—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage with more than one pulley
- B66D3/08—Arrangements of sheaves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/28—Counterweights, i.e. additional weights counterbalancing inertia forces induced by the reciprocating movement of masses in the system, e.g. of pistons attached to an engine crankshaft; Attaching or mounting same
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel fish gathering station structure, which is applied to dam-passing engineering of migration fishes in a migration period. The fish gathering station is provided with a fish gathering station building, a lifting mechanism, an automatic fish trapping box and the like. The building of the fish gathering station has the main functions of improving trapping efficiency of migration fishes through means of ultrasonic waves and the like; necessary support is provided for the lifting mechanism through the prefabricated steel truss, the bracket platform and the upper bent frame; the construction period is shortened by installing the prefabricated steel truss underwater. The lifting mechanism is mainly used for lifting the trapped migratory fishes to a transfer platform from a riverbed, and the energy consumption of the single operation of the fish gathering station can be effectively reduced by matching with the balancing weight. Automatic trap fish case can effectively avoid causing the injury to migratory fish when traping, and valve makes migratory fish accessible and get into and transport fast around automatic. Under the condition of a high dam, the construction of the fishway is difficult, and the method is safe and reliable, feasible in technology, convenient and fast in construction, economic and reasonable, and ecologically friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel fish gathering station structure, and belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydroelectric engineering.
Background
With the promotion of the construction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, china builds a large number of reservoir dams on rivers of rivers. The dam blocks the migration path of the migratory fishes while benefiting, so that the establishment of a fish dam-turning facility assists the migratory fishes to pass through the dam becomes a safe, reliable, technically feasible, economical, reasonable and ecologically friendly solution. In general, a fishway is built for the medium and low dams to assist fishes in turning over the dams, and for the high dams, means such as a fish lifting ladder, a fish collecting station or manual fishing are usually adopted. For rivers with narrow valleys and steep bank slopes, the construction period of a conventional fish collecting station is long, the investment is large, and the effect of trapping migratory fishes is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to invent a novel fish gathering station structure with low investment, convenient construction and high fishing efficiency based on the starting points of low investment, high-efficiency fish luring and convenient construction.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a novel fish gathering station structure is characterized by comprising a fish gathering station building, a lifting mechanism and an automatic fish trapping box, wherein a fish attracting device is arranged near an underwater fish gathering position of the fish trapping box;
the fish gathering station building comprises a part below the water surface and a part above the water surface, wherein a supporting structure of the part below the water surface adopts a prefabricated steel truss, and a cast-in-place bracket platform above the water surface is used as a wrapping head of the steel truss and a supporting structure of an upper bent; and a fish box hole is reserved in the bracket platform.
Further, a cast-in-place riverbed mounting platform, wall-mounted concrete and brackets above the water surface are adopted to fixedly mount the prefabricated steel truss.
The fish gathering station building has the following characteristics that the part of the supporting structure below the water surface adopts the prefabricated steel truss, only the riverbed mounting platform and the wall-mounted concrete are of a cast-in-place structure, and the building has the advantages of low construction difficulty, small engineering investment, small influence on water flow during operation, convenience in enabling trapped migratory fishes to enter a fish box and the like. In addition, the construction period of underwater engineering can be effectively shortened, the temporary engineering grade is reduced, and the engineering investment and waste are reduced.
Furthermore, the wall-mounted concrete has the functions of reinforcing a bank slope and avoiding water flow erosion and collapse, and has the function of installing and fixing the prefabricated steel truss together with a riverbed installation platform.
Furthermore, install ultrasonic wave attracting device on the prefabricated steel truss to increase the density of migration fish in the district of traping, prefabricated steel truss itself is that non-enclosed construction receives rivers influence for a short time moreover, makes things convenient for migration fish to get into the fish case from a plurality of directions simultaneously, improves the quantity of catching of single start-up.
Further, enough fish box and balancing weight of above-mentioned prefabricated steel truss inner space lift by crane and put down, and install counter weight guide rail and fish box guide rail on the prefabricated steel truss to restraint fish box and balancing weight and avoid leading to rocking of fish box because of the influence of rivers and wind, thereby cause adverse effect.
Further, the fish box passes through fish box positioning pulley and fish box guide rail cooperation, and fish box positioning pulley installs in the hydraulic telescoping rod base outside, both can keep the automatic balance of traping the fish box stable, can avoid hydraulic telescoping rod to receive the collision again to a certain extent. The counterweight guide rails and the fish box guide rails extend from the riverbed mounting platform to the equipment room.
Furthermore, a cast-in-place upper bent and a fixed lower prefabricated steel truss are arranged above the prefabricated steel truss, and a facility room is built above the upper bent, so that the main part of the fish gathering station is not influenced by river water flow in the construction period, and fish tank holes are reserved on the upper bent and the lower bent so that fish tanks and balancing weights can pass through.
The lifting mechanism is provided with two motors and a winch, and balancing weights are arranged at two ends of a steel cable for lifting the fish box.
Furthermore, the lifting mechanism can improve the running speed by being provided with two motors and winches, and in addition, the output force at two ends is balanced.
Furthermore, the two ends of the steel cable of the lifting mechanism are provided with the balancing weights, the weight of the fish box can be balanced through the balancing weights, the output of the motor is reduced, and the average power consumption can be effectively reduced.
The automatic fish trapping box is provided with a front valve, a rear valve, a lifting balance device and a fish box movable pulley, wherein the front valve and the rear valve are opened and closed by a hydraulic telescopic rod.
Furthermore, above-mentioned automatic fish box of traping has two front and back valves, and the front valve is towards the river for the target fish of ultrasonic wave fish-luring device enrichment gets into automatic fish box of traping more easily, and the valve is closed around getting into the fish box after the target fish of traping, later promotes the fish of traping and the fish incasement water body in the lump, opens the quick transfer of back valve in order to realize fish after promoting to the transit platform.
Furthermore, a reinforcing beam is arranged in the middle of the automatic fish trapping box, so that the fish box is prevented from deforming due to overlarge water pressure.
Furthermore, the top of the automatic fish trapping box is provided with a fish box balancing device to keep the balance of the fish box during lifting, so that the overflow of the water body in the box and the trapped fish is avoided.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the fish gathering station can be built at the downstream of a river channel, migratory fishes can be prevented from being misled by water flow of buildings such as a factory building and the like, and the influence of noise of production and life in a factory is small, so that the fish gathering station is favorable for gathering the fishes.
2. The prefabricated steel truss is used as a part of supporting structure, so that the cost is low, the influence of water flow on the prefabricated steel truss is small due to the fact that the prefabricated steel truss is a non-closed structure, and meanwhile, migratory fishes can conveniently enter the fish box from multiple directions.
3. The prefabricated steel truss can be quickly hoisted after being prefabricated, so that the construction period of underwater engineering can be shortened, the risk of delay of the construction period caused by a flood period can be reduced, the investment of the engineering can be reduced, the grade of temporary engineering is reduced, and the waste of constructing temporary buildings is reduced.
4. The main field production part of the project is mainly above a bracket platform, and the bracket platform is above the flood level, so that the structure of the fish gathering station is less influenced by rain flood, the construction period is not influenced by river flood, and the construction period can be effectively shortened.
5. The prefabricated steel truss is provided with the ultrasonic fish luring device, so that the density of migration fishes can be effectively improved, the single-time trapping quantity is increased, and the trapping efficiency is improved.
6. The hoisting device is provided with the balancing weight, so that the output of the motor can be reduced, the energy consumption in single operation is reduced, and the energy conservation and environmental protection are realized.
7. The automatic fish trapping box is equipped, so that high-frequency operation can be effectively improved, trapping and transferring efficiency can be effectively improved, and labor intensity of people can be greatly reduced.
8. The fish box promotes migratory fish and partial water body simultaneously, transports the effectual unnecessary injury that causes migratory fish of having avoided traping the transportation in-process simultaneously.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall layout of a novel fish gathering station
FIG. 2 is a structural view of a prefabricated steel truss
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lifting mechanism
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an automatic fish-trapping box
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the relative position of the fish box
The designations in the drawings have the following meanings: 1. riverbed mounting platform, 2, ultrasonic fish luring device, 3, prefabricated steel truss, 4, wall-hanging concrete, 5, bracket platform, 6, upper bent, 7, reserved fish box hole, 8, counterweight guide rail, 9, fish box guide rail, 10, equipment room, 11, automatic fish box trapping, 12, counterweight, 13, motor, 14, winch, 15, fixed pulley, 16, hydraulic telescopic rod, 17, front valve, 18, rear valve, 19, fish box stiffening beam, 20, fish box hoisting balancing device, 21, fish box movable pulley, 22, fish box positioning pulley
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples and the accompanying drawings. The following examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
The novel fish collecting station designed by the invention is positioned at the bank side and comprises three parts, namely a fish collecting station building, a lifting mechanism, an automatic fish trapping box and the like. The fish gathering station building can be divided into an above-water part and an underwater part, wherein the underwater part comprises a riverbed mounting platform 1, an ultrasonic fish luring device 2, a prefabricated steel truss 3 and a wall-hanging concrete 4. The above-water section comprises the above-water sections of the corbel platform 5, the upper bent 6, the equipment room 10, the prefabricated steel truss 3 and the wall-hanging concrete 4, and the elevation of the corbel platform is preferably above the flood level. Wherein, the bracket platform 5 and the upper bent 6 are reserved with reserved fish box holes 7 and the prefabricated steel truss 3 is of a hollow structure, so that the automatic fish trapping box 11 and the balancing weight 12 can be lifted and put down. Run through reservation fish box hole 7 and the hollow part of prefabricated steel truss 3 that reserves on bracket platform 5 and the upper portion framed bent 6 and install counter weight guide rail 8 and fish box guide rail 9 and be used for retraining rocking of fish box and balancing weight and avoid leading to the fish box because of the influence of rivers and wind. Automatic lure fish box 11 to pass through fish box positioning pulley 22 and the cooperation of fish box guide rail 9, fish box positioning pulley 22 installs in the hydraulic telescoping rod base outside, both can keep the automatic balance of luring fish box 11 stable, can avoid hydraulic telescoping rod 16 to receive the collision again to a certain extent. A facility room 10 is constructed above the upper bent 6 to install the lifting mechanism.
The lifting mechanism mainly comprises a motor 13, a winch 14, a fixed pulley 15 and a balancing weight 12, the motor 13 drives the winch 14 to lift the automatic fish trapping box 11 from two directions respectively, and the lifting mechanism converts the horizontal traction force of the steel cable into the vertical pulling force through the fixed pulley 15 so as to lift the automatic fish trapping box 11. The weight 12 is connected to a wire rope for balancing the weight of the automatic fish-trapping box 11 to reduce the output of the motor 13, thereby achieving the goal of reducing the average energy consumption.
The automatic fish trapping box mainly comprises a hydraulic telescopic rod 16, a front valve 17, a rear valve 18, a fish box reinforcing beam 19, a fish box hoisting balance device 20 and a fish box movable pulley 21. For the automatic trapping fish box 11, the fish collecting station is provided with an underwater fish trapping and collecting position and a fish unloading position of the transferring platform at the top of the upper bent frame, the two positions are connected by the fish box guide rail 9, and the automatic trapping fish box is mainly used for lifting trapped migratory fishes to the transferring platform from a riverbed. Opening the front and rear valves 17 and 18 before placing on the river bed reduces the impact of water flow on the automatic fish trapping box 11 and facilitates the entry of trapped fish. Closing the front and rear valves 17 and 18 after entry of the trapped fish prevents the trapped fish from escaping, and keeps a certain amount of water in the automatic fish trapping box 11 to avoid unnecessary damage to the trapped fish. The automatic fish trapping box 11 is balanced through a fish box lifting balancing device 20 during lifting, so that water in the automatic fish trapping box 11 is prevented from overflowing, the lifting balancing device 20 is installed on the fish box reinforcing beam 19, the lifting balancing device 20 is located above the gravity center of the fish box 11, the movable pulley 21 is installed on the balancing device 20, the movable pulley 21 is located right above the gravity center of the fish box 11, the two ends of a steel cable of the lifting mechanism are connected with the balancing weight 12, the steel cable passes through the fixed pulley 15 and the movable pulley 21 to lift the automatic fish trapping box 11, and the two fixed pulleys 15 are symmetrically located on the two sides of the movable pulley 21. After the automatic fish trapping box 11 is lifted to the transfer platform, the automatic fish trapping box can be butted with a fish transfer box or a transfer trolley, and then the rear valve 18 is opened to transfer the fishes trapped in the automatic fish trapping box 11 to the fish transfer box or the transfer trolley, so that the high-efficiency operation of the quick transfer maintaining mechanism is realized.
The ultrasonic fish luring device 2 is arranged at the bottom of the prefabricated steel truss or close to the bottom.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (6)
1. A novel fish gathering station structure is characterized by comprising a fish gathering station building, a lifting mechanism and an automatic fish trapping box, wherein a fish attracting device is arranged near an underwater fish gathering position of the fish trapping box;
the fish gathering station building comprises a part below the water surface and a part above the water surface, wherein a supporting structure of the part below the water surface adopts a prefabricated steel truss, and a cast-in-place bracket platform above the water surface is used as a wrapping head of the steel truss and a supporting structure of an upper bent; a fish tank hole is reserved in the bracket platform;
a counterweight guide rail and a fish box guide rail are arranged on the prefabricated steel truss, and fish box holes are reserved on the upper bent frame;
the steel truss is provided with the ultrasonic fish luring device, so that the density of migratory fishes can be effectively improved, the single-time trapping quantity is increased, and the trapping efficiency is improved; the automatic fish trapping box is provided with a front valve and a rear valve;
the prefabricated steel truss is used as a part of supporting structure, so that the cost is low, the influence of water flow on the prefabricated steel truss is small due to the fact that the prefabricated steel truss is a non-closed structure, and meanwhile, migratory fishes can conveniently enter the fish box from multiple directions.
2. The novel fish gathering station structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the prefabricated steel truss is fixedly installed by using a cast-in-place riverbed installation platform, wall-mounted concrete and brackets above the water surface.
3. The novel fish gathering station structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein an upper bent is cast in place on the corbel platform, and an equipment room is constructed on the upper bent.
4. A novel fish gathering station structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein the lifting mechanism is provided with two motors and winches and counterweights are provided at both ends of the steel cable lifting the fish tank.
5. A novel fish gathering station structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the automatic fish trapping box is provided with two front and rear shutters opened and closed by hydraulic telescopic rods.
6. The novel fish gathering station structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the automatic fish trapping box is provided with a lifting balance device and a movable pulley for the fish box, and two positioning pulleys for the fish box are provided on both sides of the automatic fish trapping box.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110959319.7A CN113693036B (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Novel fish gathering station structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110959319.7A CN113693036B (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Novel fish gathering station structure |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113693036A CN113693036A (en) | 2021-11-26 |
| CN113693036B true CN113693036B (en) | 2023-03-28 |
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| CN202110959319.7A Active CN113693036B (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2021-08-20 | Novel fish gathering station structure |
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Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101923559B1 (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-11-29 | 황병길 | Fishing tool using fish attracting function and eating habit of fish |
| CN108005040A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-05-08 | 中国电建集团成都勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Minisize ecological natural flow station |
| CN114561918B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2023-04-18 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Fish passing method of high dam comprehensive fish passing facility |
| CN110468808B (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2021-08-03 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish gathering station for river migration fishes |
| CN112400819B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2024-01-26 | 中国电建集团昆明勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Fish trapping system and method applicable to mountain river in fish lift engineering |
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