CN113691889A - Wireless sensing node based on radio frequency energy supply and awakening and self-driving method thereof - Google Patents
Wireless sensing node based on radio frequency energy supply and awakening and self-driving method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002618 waking effect Effects 0.000 claims 6
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/40—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems using a wireless architecture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/80—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
- H04Q2209/88—Providing power supply at the sub-station
- H04Q2209/883—Providing power supply at the sub-station where the sensing device enters an active or inactive mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/80—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
- H04Q2209/88—Providing power supply at the sub-station
- H04Q2209/886—Providing power supply at the sub-station using energy harvesting, e.g. solar, wind or mechanical
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses a wireless sensing node based on radio frequency energy supply and a wake-up and self-driving method thereof. The PMIC converts the voltage of the radio frequency energy input, the super capacitor is charged, after the charging voltage reaches a PMIC preset threshold value, a load switch connected with the PMIC is conducted, and then the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module are powered on. The wireless communication module sends a connection instruction to wake up the MCU after being connected with the host, and the MCU collects sensor information and sends the sensor information to the host through the wireless communication module. The radio frequency energy storage is realized through the cooperation of the PMIC with threshold detection, the load switch with low leakage current and the super capacitor; the discharge loss of radio frequency energy is reduced to the maximum extent through a dormancy awakening mechanism; the wireless sensing node self-driving of the radio frequency energy supply is realized through the fine management of the storage and the release of the radio frequency energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless sensing; in particular to a wireless sensing node based on radio frequency energy supply and a wake-up and self-driving method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the development of microelectronics, wireless communication and low-power consumption sensors, wireless sensor network technology has been greatly developed. The wireless sensing network is composed of a plurality of wireless sensing nodes and a host.
The wireless sensor network has wide coverage range, a large number of sensor nodes, a limited service life of the traditional battery power supply mode, high labor cost for replacing batteries, environmental pollution problems of waste batteries and the like. Therefore, the self-driven wireless sensing node without the battery has wide application scenes. The energy in nature includes solar energy, temperature difference energy, radio frequency energy, wind energy, vibration energy, etc., wherein the radio frequency energy is not affected by environmental changes and wiring and is ubiquitous in space. Therefore, the collection and application of radio frequency energy is receiving more and more extensive attention. The self-driven wireless sensing node constructed by using the radio frequency energy has a very wide application prospect. However, after the radio frequency energy is collected and subjected to space loss, the power output is dozens to hundreds uW, and common wireless sensing nodes cannot be directly driven.
If the radio frequency energy is used for driving a common wireless sensing node, the radio frequency energy needs to be stored by using a storage medium, and when the stored energy is enough, a discharge switch is turned on to release the energy to drive the wireless sensing node to work. In addition, when the radio frequency energy drives the wireless sensing node to work, unnecessary energy consumption needs to be reduced as much as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wireless sensing node based on radio frequency energy supply and a wake-up and self-driving method thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the radio frequency energy is weak and common wireless sensing nodes cannot be directly driven, can maximally reduce the loss of the radio frequency energy in application, and realize the self-driving of the wireless sensing node based on the radio frequency energy supply through the matching application of three links of energy storage, energy release and dormancy wake-up.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a wireless sensing node based on radio frequency can energy supply, wireless sensing node includes radio frequency energy input, PMIC, super capacitor, load switch, sensor, MCU and wireless communication module, the radio frequency energy input is connected with PMIC, PMIC is connected with super capacitor and load switch, load switch is connected with sensor, MCU and wireless communication module, the sensor is connected with MCU, MCU is connected with wireless communication module, wireless communication module and host computer wireless connection.
A wireless sensing node awakening and self-driving method based on radio frequency energy supply comprises the following steps:
step 1: inputting energy to the super capacitor by radio frequency;
step 2: detecting whether the super capacitor reaches a high-voltage threshold value, and supplying power to the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module when the super capacitor reaches the high-voltage threshold value; if the high-voltage threshold value is not reached, the radio frequency energy continues to charge the super capacitor;
and step 3: the MCU collects the sensor information and sends the sensor information to the host computer until the load switch is turned off, and then the next working cycle is started.
Further, the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 1.1: the PMIC carries out voltage conversion on energy input by radio frequency;
step 1.2: and (4) outputting the voltage converted in the step (1) to a super capacitor for charging.
Further, the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 2.1: the PMIC detects an output voltage, namely a super capacitor voltage, when the voltage does not reach a PMIC preset high-voltage threshold value, the step 2.2 is carried out, and when the voltage reaches the PMIC preset high-voltage threshold value, the step 2.3 is carried out;
step 2.2: the PMIC continuously converts radio frequency energy input to charge the super capacitor, and the voltage rises;
step 2.3: the load switch is conducted, and the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module which are connected with the load switch are powered on;
further, the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 3.1: the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module are in a sleep mode after being powered on, and the host is awakened by connecting the wireless communication module;
step 3.2: the awakened wireless communication module awakens the MCU by sending a connection indication signal;
step 3.3: based on the MCU awakened in the step 3.2, then awakening the sensor;
step 3.4: the MCU collects sensor information and sends the sensor information to the host through the wireless communication module;
step 3.5: repeating the step 3.4 until the voltage on the super capacitor is reduced to a PMIC preset low-voltage threshold value;
step 3.6: and after the voltage drops to the PMIC preset low-voltage threshold, the load switch is turned off, and the next working cycle is started again.
Further, the threshold detection output of the PMIC is connected with a load switch enabling pin;
when the output voltage of the PMIC reaches a preset high-voltage threshold, the threshold detection output of the PMIC is set high, and meanwhile, the load switch is controlled to be conducted;
when the output voltage of the PMIC drops to a preset low-voltage threshold value, the threshold detection output of the PMIC is lowered, and meanwhile the load switch is controlled to be turned off.
Furthermore, the connection indication output pin of the wireless communication module is divided into a connection state and an unconnected state, and the connection state and the unconnected state have opposite potentials;
when the wireless communication module is communicated with the host, the potential of the indicating output pin connected with the wireless communication module is reversed and used as an interrupt signal to wake up the MCU.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes weak radio frequency energy storage through the matching of the load switch with low leakage current and the super capacitor, uses the super capacitor as an energy storage medium, can be used for a system to carry out tens of thousands of working cycles, and greatly prolongs the service life of the wireless sensing system compared with the power supply of the traditional rechargeable battery.
The MCU, the sensor and the wireless communication module are all in a sleep mode in the non-working stage, and the MCU and the sensor start to work only after the wireless communication module is connected with the host, so that the discharge loss of stored radio frequency energy is reduced to the maximum extent through a sleep and wake-up mechanism.
The wireless sensing node provided by the invention has the advantages that the energy is finely controlled through mechanisms of radio frequency energy storage, release and load dormancy awakening, the self-driving of the wireless sensing node powered by the radio frequency energy is realized, and compared with the wireless sensing node powered by the traditional energy, the wireless sensing node powered by the radio frequency energy has the advantages of cleanness, no influence of environment and wiring and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model provides a wireless sensing node based on radio frequency can energy supply, wireless sensing node includes radio frequency energy input, PMIC, super capacitor, load switch, sensor, MCU and wireless communication module, the radio frequency energy input is connected with PMIC, PMIC is connected with super capacitor and load switch, load switch is connected with sensor, MCU and wireless communication module, the sensor is connected with MCU, MCU is connected with wireless communication module, wireless communication module and host computer wireless connection.
A wireless sensing node awakening and self-driving method based on radio frequency energy supply comprises the following steps:
step 1: inputting energy to the super capacitor by radio frequency;
step 2: detecting whether the super capacitor reaches a high-voltage threshold value, and supplying power to the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module when the super capacitor reaches the high-voltage threshold value; if the high-voltage threshold value is not reached, the radio frequency energy continues to charge the super capacitor;
and step 3: the MCU collects the sensor information and sends the sensor information to the host computer until the load switch is turned off, and then the next working cycle is started.
Further, the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 1.1: the PMIC carries out voltage conversion on energy input by radio frequency;
step 1.2: and (4) outputting the voltage converted in the step (1) to a super capacitor for charging.
Further, the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 2.1: the PMIC detects an output voltage, namely a super capacitor voltage, when the voltage does not reach a PMIC preset high-voltage threshold value, the step 2.2 is carried out, and when the voltage reaches the PMIC preset high-voltage threshold value, the step 2.3 is carried out;
step 2.2: the PMIC continuously converts radio frequency energy input to charge the super capacitor, and the voltage rises;
step 2.3: the load switch is conducted, and the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module which are connected with the load switch are powered on;
further, the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 3.1: the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module are in a sleep mode after being powered on, and the host is awakened by connecting the wireless communication module;
step 3.2: the awakened wireless communication module awakens the MCU by sending a connection indication signal;
step 3.3: based on the MCU awakened in the step 3.2, then awakening the sensor;
step 3.4: the MCU collects sensor information and sends the sensor information to the host through the wireless communication module;
step 3.5: repeating the step 3.4 until the voltage on the super capacitor is reduced to a PMIC preset low-voltage threshold value;
step 3.6: and after the voltage drops to the PMIC preset low-voltage threshold, the load switch is turned off, and the next working cycle is started again.
Further, the threshold detection output of the PMIC is connected with a load switch enabling pin;
when the output voltage of the PMIC reaches a preset high-voltage threshold, the threshold detection output of the PMIC is set high, and meanwhile, the load switch is controlled to be conducted;
when the output voltage of the PMIC drops to a preset low-voltage threshold value, the threshold detection output of the PMIC is lowered, and meanwhile the load switch is controlled to be turned off.
Furthermore, the connection indication output pin of the wireless communication module is divided into a connection state and an unconnected state, and the connection state and the unconnected state have opposite potentials;
when the wireless communication module is communicated with the host, the potential of the indicating output pin connected with the wireless communication module is reversed and used as an interrupt signal to wake up the MCU.
The radio frequency energy input comprises an energy acquisition antenna, a rectifying circuit and a filtering circuit. The energy acquisition antenna acquires radio frequency wireless energy in the environment, and obtains direct current output through a rectifying and filtering circuit.
After the wireless communication module is powered on, the wireless communication module is in a sleep mode by default, the broadcasting function is still maintained in the sleep mode, and the host can search for the wireless communication module and is connected with the wireless communication module.
The wireless communication module enters a transparent transmission mode after being connected with the host, and data sent to the wireless communication module by the MCU is transmitted to the host in the transparent transmission mode in a wireless manner.
After the host searches the wireless communication module, the host is connected with the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module then inverts its connection indication pin level, which is sent to the MCU as an interrupt signal.
The MCU is configured in the program of the MCU and then enters a sleep mode after being electrified, and can be awakened by an interrupt signal. After the host is connected with the wireless communication module, the wireless communication module sends an interrupt signal to the MCU, and the MCU is awakened.
The sensor chip is powered on and defaulted to be in a sleep mode, power consumption is low, after the MCU sends an acquisition instruction to the sensor chip, the sensor acquires information and stores the information in an internal buffer area, the MCU reads data in the buffer area, and after the data are read, the sensor enters the sleep mode to wait for the next acquisition instruction.
In fig. 1, the solid line indicates energy flow and the dotted line indicates signal transmission.
The radio frequency energy input is connected with the PMIC, the PMIC is connected with the super capacitor and the load switch, and the high-low voltage threshold detection output of the PMIC is connected with an enabling pin EN of the load switch.
And the voltage output of the load switch is respectively connected to the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module.
The MCU respectively carries out data interaction with the sensor and the wireless communication module, can collect the collected data of the sensor and sends the collected data to the wireless communication module.
The wireless communication module is provided with a connection indication pin, the pin is connected to the MCU as an interrupt input, and after the connection indication pin is connected with the host, the level of the connection indication pin is reversed to wake up the MCU.
With reference to fig. 2, the rf energy input is connected to the PMIC, and the output voltage converted by the PMIC is connected to the super capacitor and the load switch to charge the super capacitor. The PMIC is provided with a threshold voltage detection function, and the output pin can generate level inversion when the high and low voltage thresholds are exceeded.
The output voltage rises along with the charging of the super capacitor by the PMIC, when the output voltage rises to a preset high-voltage threshold value of the PMIC, the PMIC threshold value detection output is set high, the load switch is conducted, and a sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module which are connected with the load switch are electrified and enter a sleep mode.
The wireless communication module is always in the sleep mode until the host is connected with the wireless communication module, and after connection, the wireless communication module is awakened from the sleep mode, the level of the connection indication pin is inverted, and a connection indication signal is sent to the MCU.
MCU is awaken up by the connection pilot signal that wireless communication module sent, gather sensor information, the in-process sensor of collection gets into normal operating mode from sleep mode, the sensor continues to get into sleep mode after gathering the completion, MCU gathers sensor information after, send information gathering for the host computer through wireless communication module, this process will last always, the electric energy of storing in the super capacitor behind the PMIC continues to consume, voltage continues to reduce, until PMIC low pressure threshold, PMIC threshold detects the output reversal, the level is put low, load switch closes, the system gets into next duty cycle.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a wireless sensing node based on radio frequency can energy supply, its characterized in that, wireless sensing node includes radio frequency energy input, PMIC, super capacitor, load switch, sensor, MCU and wireless communication module, the radio frequency energy input is connected with PMIC, PMIC is connected with super capacitor and load switch, load switch is connected with sensor, MCU and wireless communication module, the sensor is connected with MCU, MCU is connected with wireless communication module, wireless communication module and host computer wireless connection.
2. The method for waking up and self-driving the wireless sensor node powered based on the radio frequency energy according to claim 1, wherein the method for waking up and self-driving the wireless sensor node comprises the following steps:
step 1: inputting energy to the super capacitor by radio frequency;
step 2: detecting whether the super capacitor reaches a high-voltage threshold value, and supplying power to the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module when the super capacitor reaches the high-voltage threshold value; the high-voltage threshold value is not reached, and the radio frequency energy continues to charge the super capacitor;
and step 3: the MCU collects the sensor information and sends the sensor information to the host computer until the load switch is turned off, and then the next working cycle is started.
3. The method for waking up and self-driving a wireless sensor node powered based on radio frequency energy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 1.1: the PMIC carries out voltage conversion on energy input by radio frequency;
step 1.2: and (4) outputting the voltage converted in the step (1) to a super capacitor for charging.
4. The method for waking up and self-driving a wireless sensor node powered based on radio frequency energy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 2.1: the PMIC detects an output voltage, namely a super capacitor voltage, when the voltage does not reach a PMIC preset high-voltage threshold value, the step 2.2 is carried out, and when the voltage reaches the PMIC preset high-voltage threshold value, the step 2.3 is carried out;
step 2.2: the PMIC continuously converts radio frequency energy input to charge the super capacitor, and the voltage rises;
step 2.3: and the load switch is switched on, and the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module which are connected with the load switch are powered on.
5. The method for waking up and self-driving a wireless sensor node powered based on radio frequency energy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps,
step 3.1: the sensor, the MCU and the wireless communication module are in a sleep mode after being powered on, and the host is awakened by connecting the wireless communication module;
step 3.2: the awakened wireless communication module awakens the MCU by sending a connection indication signal;
step 3.3: based on the MCU awakened in the step 3.2, then awakening the sensor;
step 3.4: the MCU collects sensor information and sends the sensor information to the host through the wireless communication module;
step 3.5: repeating the step 3.4 until the voltage on the super capacitor is reduced to a PMIC preset low-voltage threshold value;
step 3.6: and after the voltage drops to the PMIC preset low-voltage threshold, the load switch is turned off, and the next working cycle is started again.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the threshold detection output of the PMIC is connected to a load switch enable pin;
when the output voltage of the PMIC reaches a preset high-voltage threshold, the threshold detection output of the PMIC is set high, and meanwhile, the load switch is controlled to be conducted;
when the output voltage of the PMIC drops to a preset low-voltage threshold value, the threshold detection output of the PMIC is lowered, and meanwhile the load switch is controlled to be turned off.
7. The method for waking up and self-driving the wireless sensing node powered based on the radio frequency energy as claimed in claim 2, wherein the connection indication output pin of the wireless communication module is divided into a connection state and an unconnected state, and the connection state and the unconnected state have opposite potentials;
when the wireless communication module is communicated with the host, the potential of the indicating output pin connected with the wireless communication module is reversed and used as an interrupt signal to wake up the MCU.
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