CN113691110A - IGBT drive circuit and electronic equipment - Google Patents
IGBT drive circuit and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113691110A CN113691110A CN202110914749.7A CN202110914749A CN113691110A CN 113691110 A CN113691110 A CN 113691110A CN 202110914749 A CN202110914749 A CN 202110914749A CN 113691110 A CN113691110 A CN 113691110A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
- H02M1/092—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices the control signals being transmitted optically
Abstract
The application provides an IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment. The circuit includes: an optical coupling unit; the push-pull unit is electrically connected with the optical coupling unit; the resistance adjustable unit is respectively and electrically connected with the optical coupling unit and the push-pull unit, the output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted in real time by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, and the output current of the push-pull unit is the grid driving current of the IGBT. The output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistance unit, so that different IGBTs are driven. The problem of the drive current of push-pull unit output among the prior art nonadjustable is solved to guarantee to the reliable drive of IGBT. So that the drive circuit can be adapted to IGBTs of different current ratings. Hardware resources are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of IGBT driving, in particular to an IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment.
Background
In the prior art, most IGBT drive circuits realize isolation by using a high-speed optical coupler, and the IGBT drive circuit has the advantages that transmission delay is small and common mode interference can be well inhibited, but the output current of the optical coupler in the current market is generally small (basically not exceeding 4A), the IGBT drive circuit is not suitable for driving a high-current IGBT (more than 150A), part manufacturers have the maximum output current to reach 6A, 8A and 10A, but the general price is high, therefore, the output stage of the optical coupler and two triodes are selected to form a complementary emitter output circuit (push-pull circuit) when the high-current IGBT is driven at present, and the output current of the optical coupler is used for amplifying so as to meet the drive of the high-current IGBT.
As shown in fig. 1, the push-pull circuit can amplify the current of the optocoupler output stage, but the transistor works in an amplification area in the turn-on and turn-off process of the IGBT, and the power consumption of the transistor is large; and the grid driving current of the circuit is not adjustable, so that the IGBT can not be reliably turned on and off under the condition that the parameters of the resistor Ron and Roff are not reasonably selected.
Most of push-pull circuits have the problems that in the process of switching on and off of an IGBT, a triode works in an amplification area, and the loss is large; and the driving current of the push-pull driving circuit designed actually can not necessarily ensure the reliable driving of the IGBT.
Disclosure of Invention
The main objective of the present application is to provide an IGBT driving circuit and an electronic device, so as to solve the problem that the driving current of the push-pull driving circuit in the prior art does not necessarily ensure reliable driving of the IGBT.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an IGBT driving circuit including: an optical coupling unit; the push-pull unit is electrically connected with the optical coupling unit; the resistance adjustable unit is respectively electrically connected with the optical coupler unit and the push-pull unit, the output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted in real time by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, and the output current of the push-pull unit is the grid driving current of the IGBT.
Optionally, the optocoupler unit has an output end, a positive power end and a negative power end, the push-pull unit includes a first triode and a second triode, a base of the first triode and a base of the second triode are electrically connected to the output end of the optocoupler unit respectively, the resistance adjustable unit includes a first resistance adjustable module and a second resistance adjustable module, a first end of the first resistance adjustable module is electrically connected to the positive power end of the optocoupler unit, a second end of the first resistance adjustable module is electrically connected to a collector of the first triode, a first end of the second resistance adjustable module is electrically connected to the negative power end of the optocoupler unit, a second end of the second resistance adjustable module is electrically connected to a collector of the second triode, an emitter of the first triode is electrically connected to an emitter of the second triode, and the emitter of the first triode and the emitter of the second triode are used for being connected with the grid of the IGBT.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: the first constant value resistance unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first constant value resistance unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, and the second end of the first constant value resistance unit is grounded; and the second constant value resistance unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the second constant value resistance unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second triode, and the second end of the second constant value resistance unit is grounded.
Optionally, the driving circuit further includes a current detection unit, a first end of the current detection unit is electrically connected to the push-pull unit, and a second end of the current detection unit is used for connecting to the gate of the IGBT.
Optionally, the driving circuit further comprises: and the current control unit is respectively electrically connected with the current detection unit and the resistance adjustable unit and is used for adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit according to the actual current detected by the current detection unit and the theoretical driving current of the IGBT.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: the first capacitor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first capacitor unit is electrically connected with the negative power supply end of the optocoupler unit, and the second end of the first capacitor unit is grounded; and the second capacitor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the second capacitor unit is electrically connected with the positive power supply end of the optocoupler unit, and the second end of the second capacitor unit is grounded.
Optionally, the first triode is an NPN-type triode, and the second triode is a PNP-type triode.
Optionally, the resistance adjustable unit is a digital potentiometer.
Optionally, an input signal of the optical coupling unit is a PWM signal.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic device including any one of the IGBT drive circuit and an IGBT, the IGBT drive circuit being electrically connected to the IGBT.
By the aid of the technical scheme, the IGBT driving circuit adjusts the output current of the push-pull unit by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable unit of the resistance, so that driving of different IGBTs is guaranteed. The problem of the drive current of push-pull unit output among the prior art nonadjustable is solved to guarantee to the reliable drive of IGBT. So that the drive circuit can be adapted to IGBTs of different current ratings. Hardware resources are saved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a prior art IGBT push-pull driving circuit diagram;
fig. 2 shows an IGBT drive circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 3 shows a gate drive current adjustment flow diagram according to an embodiment of the application.
Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:
10. an optical coupling unit; 11. an output end; 12. a positive power source terminal; 13. a negative power supply terminal; 20. a push-pull unit; 21. a first triode; 22. a second triode; 30. a resistance adjustable unit; 31. a first resistance adjustable module; 32. a second resistance adjustable module; 40. a first constant value resistance unit; 50. a second constant value resistance unit; 60. a current detection unit; 70. a current control unit; 80. a first capacitance unit; 90. a second capacitance unit.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Also, in the specification and claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
For convenience of description, some terms or expressions referred to in the embodiments of the present application are explained below:
igbt (insulated Gate Bipolar transmitter): an insulated gate bipolar transistor is a composite fully-controlled voltage-driven power semiconductor device consisting of a BJT (bipolar junction transistor) and an MOS (insulated gate field effect transistor), and has the advantages of both high input impedance of an MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor) and low conduction voltage drop of a GRT (ground-grid transistor).
As described in the background of the invention, the drive current of the push-pull drive circuit in the prior art does not necessarily ensure the reliable driving of the IGBT, and in order to solve the problem that the drive current of the push-pull drive circuit does not necessarily ensure the reliable driving of the IGBT as described above, embodiments of the present application provide an IGBT drive circuit and an electronic device.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided an IGBT driving circuit, as shown in fig. 2, including:
an optical coupling unit 10;
the push-pull unit 20 is electrically connected with the optical coupler unit 10 and is used for amplifying the output current of the optical coupler unit so as to drive the grid of the IGBT;
and a resistance adjustable unit 30 electrically connected to the optical coupler unit 10 and the push-pull unit 20, respectively, for adjusting the output current of the push-pull unit 20 in real time by adjusting the resistance of the resistance adjustable unit 30, wherein the output current of the push-pull unit 20 is the gate driving current of the IGBT.
In the above scheme, the output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistance unit, so as to ensure the driving of different IGBTs. The problem of the drive current of push-pull unit output among the prior art nonadjustable is solved to guarantee to the reliable drive of IGBT. So that the drive circuit can be adapted to IGBTs of different current ratings. Hardware resources are saved.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the optical coupler unit 10 has an output end 11, a positive power end 12 and a negative power end 13, the push-pull unit 20 includes a first transistor 21 and a second transistor 22, a base of the first transistor 21 and a base of the second transistor 22 are electrically connected to the output end of the optical coupler unit 10, respectively, the resistance adjusting unit 30 includes a first resistance adjusting module 31 and a second resistance adjusting module 32, a first end of the first resistance adjusting module 31 is electrically connected to the positive power end of the optical coupler unit 10, a second end of the first resistance adjusting module 31 is electrically connected to a collector of the first transistor 21, a first end of the second resistance adjusting module 32 is electrically connected to the negative power end of the optical coupler unit 10, a second end of the second resistance adjusting module 32 is electrically connected to a collector of the second transistor 22, the emitter of the first transistor 21 is electrically connected to the emitter of the second transistor 22, and the emitter of the first transistor 21 and the emitter of the second transistor 22 are connected to the gate of the IGBT. Namely, the first resistance adjustable module acts on the first triode, the second resistance adjustable module acts on the second triode, and the adjustment of the current output by the emitter of the first triode 21 and the emitter of the second triode 22 is realized by adjusting the resistance value of the first resistance adjustable module and the resistance value of the second resistance adjustable module, so as to realize the driving of the gate of the IGBT.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the circuit further includes: a first constant value resistor unit 40 having a first end and a second end, the first end of the first constant value resistor unit 40 being electrically connected to the collector of the first transistor 21, the second end of the first constant value resistor unit 40 being grounded; a second constant value resistance unit 50 having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second constant value resistance unit 50 is electrically connected to the collector of the second transistor 22, and the second end of the second constant value resistance unit 50 is grounded. Under the combined action of the first constant value resistance unit and the first resistance adjustable module, the voltage of a collector electrode of the first triode is always lower than the base level voltage of the first triode through voltage division, and then the first triode works in a saturation region; in a similar way, under the combined action of the second constant value resistance unit and the second resistance adjustable module, the voltage of the collector of the second triode is always lower than the base voltage of the collector of the second triode through voltage division, and then the second triode works in a saturation region. The problem of the triode work leads to its consumption too big in the region of amplification is solved, the consumption of triode has been reduced.
Specifically, the first constant value resistance unit comprises one or more first constant value resistances, and the first constant value resistances are connected in series, in parallel, or in a combination of series and parallel to form the first constant value resistance unit. The second constant value resistance unit comprises one or more second constant value resistances, and the plurality of second constant value resistances form the first constant value resistance unit in a series connection mode, a parallel connection mode or a series-parallel connection mode.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the driving circuit further includes a current detection unit 60, a first end of the current detection unit 60 is electrically connected to the push-pull unit 20, and a second end of the current detection unit 60 is used for connecting to the gate of the IGBT. The current detection unit is used for detecting the output current of the push-pull unit in real time so as to realize the monitoring of the output current of the push-pull unit.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the driving circuit further includes: and a current control unit 70 electrically connected to the current detection unit 60 and the resistance adjustment unit 30, respectively, for adjusting the resistance of the resistance adjustment unit 30 according to the actual current detected by the current detection unit 60 and the theoretical driving current of the IGBT. The current detection unit transmits the collected current value back to the current control unit (specifically, the weak current board is controlled), the weak current board is controlled to compare the collected current value with the theoretical drive current of the IGBT input before, and the resistance values of the two digital potentiometers are controlled in real time according to the comparison result (the actual drive current is smaller, the resistance value of the digital potentiometer is controlled to be reduced, otherwise, the resistance value is increased), so that the drive current can be adjusted in real time.
In an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the circuit further includes: a first capacitor unit 80 having a first end and a second end, the first end of the first capacitor unit 80 being electrically connected to the negative power supply terminal of the optocoupler unit 10, the second end of the first capacitor unit 80 being grounded; and a second capacitor unit 90 having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second capacitor unit 90 is electrically connected to the positive power terminal of the optocoupler unit 10, and the second end of the second capacitor unit 90 is grounded. The first capacitor unit and the second capacitor unit play a role in filtering.
Specifically, the first capacitance unit includes a plurality of first capacitances, and the second capacitance unit includes a plurality of second capacitances.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first transistor 21 is an NPN-type transistor, and the second transistor 22 is a PNP-type transistor.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the resistance adjustable unit 30 is a digital potentiometer.
Specifically, the input signal of the optical coupling unit is a PWM signal.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present application, there is provided an electronic device including any one of the IGBT drive circuit and the IGBT described above, the IGBT drive circuit being electrically connected to the IGBT described above. The IGBT driving circuit in the electronic equipment adjusts the output current of the push-pull unit by adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable resistance unit so as to ensure the driving of different IGBTs. The problem of the drive current of push-pull unit output among the prior art nonadjustable is solved to guarantee to the reliable drive of IGBT. So that the drive circuit can be adapted to IGBTs of different current ratings. Hardware resources are saved.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the driving circuit includes:
digital potentiometer (i.e. resistance adjustable unit): and the programmable resistor with adjustable resistance value is used for controlling the magnitude of the grid drive current.
An optical coupling unit: as a driving chip, for example, model numbers HCPL-316J, TLP5214, TLP5754 and the like, the connection between the weak current control signal and the push-pull circuit is realized, the front end input of the driving chip is connected with the PWM signal output by the weak current board, and the output Vout of the driving chip is connected with a push-pull unit consisting of a pair of triodes.
A current detection unit: a current sensor is used for detecting the grid driving current (namely the collector current Ic of the triode) of the IGBT, the detected current is compared with the grid driving current which is calculated theoretically and can ensure that the IGBT is reliably switched on and switched off, and then the collector current Ic of the triode is adjusted by adjusting the resistance value through controlling a digital potentiometer so as to meet the requirement of the drive of the IGBT.
Push-pull unit: the complementary emitter output circuit is composed of two triodes (an NPN tube MJD44H11 and a PNP tube MJD45H11) with the same parameters, continuous current of collectors of the two triodes can reach 6A, and the driving of the IGBT with rated current of 200A can be met.
First, the theoretical driving current value of the IGBT to be driven is calculated and then the calculated value is inputted into the weak current control board. The optocoupler performs primary amplification on a PWM signal input by a front stage, a Vout pin (output end) outputs a PWM signal with a high level of +15V and a low level of-8V, but the maximum output current of the optocoupler can not meet the requirement of driving of the IGBT. The push-pull unit that opto-coupler Vout pin connects realizes the enlargies to drive current, because the existence of first digital potentiometer, second digital potentiometer, first definite value resistance unit and second definite value resistance unit, the collector voltage that makes first triode and second triode is less than its base level voltage all the time through the partial pressure, and then makes triode work in the saturation region, has solved triode work and has leaded to its too big problem of consumption in the amplification region, has reduced the consumption of triode.
When the triode is operated in the saturation region, the collector current Ic (i.e. the drive current of the IGBT) of the triode reaches the maximum value in the state and is no longer linear with the base current Ib, and Ic is only related to the value of the collector resistance Rc (for this embodiment, the resistance of the digital potentiometer); the current sensor realizes sampling of the driving current, the acquired current value is transmitted back to the control weak current plate, the control weak current plate compares the acquired current value with the theoretical driving current of the IGBT input before, and the resistance values of the two digital potentiometers are controlled in real time according to the comparison result (the actual driving current is smaller, the resistance value of the digital potentiometer is controlled to be reduced, otherwise, the resistance value is increased), so that the driving current can be adjusted in real time.
When the resistance value of the potentiometer is adjusted, the maximum current value which can be borne by the selected triode needs to be noticed, and the phenomenon that the current exceeds the upper limit of the current of the triode due to the fact that the resistance value of the potentiometer is too small is avoided. Meanwhile, the push-pull driving circuit can adjust the magnitude of the driving current and can theoretically drive the IGBTs with different rated currents.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
1) the IGBT drive circuit of this application through the resistance of the adjustable unit of adjusting resistance to the realization is adjusted the output current's of push-pull unit size, in order to guarantee the drive to different IGBT. The problem of the drive current of push-pull unit output among the prior art nonadjustable is solved to guarantee to the reliable drive of IGBT. So that the drive circuit can be adapted to IGBTs of different current ratings. Hardware resources are saved.
2) The electronic equipment comprises an IGBT drive circuit, a push-pull unit and a control unit, wherein the IGBT drive circuit is used for adjusting the resistance value of the adjustable unit of the resistance so as to adjust the output current of the push-pull unit and ensure the drive of different IGBTs. The problem of the drive current of push-pull unit output among the prior art nonadjustable is solved to guarantee to the reliable drive of IGBT. So that the drive circuit can be adapted to IGBTs of different current ratings. Hardware resources are saved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An IGBT driving circuit characterized by comprising:
an optical coupling unit;
the push-pull unit is electrically connected with the optical coupling unit;
the resistance adjustable unit is respectively electrically connected with the optical coupler unit and the push-pull unit, the output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted in real time by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, and the output current of the push-pull unit is the grid driving current of the IGBT.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the optocoupler unit has an output terminal, a positive power terminal, and a negative power terminal, the push-pull unit comprises a first transistor and a second transistor, a base of the first transistor and a base of the second transistor are electrically connected to the output terminal of the optocoupler unit, respectively, the resistance adjustable unit comprises a first resistance adjustable module and a second resistance adjustable module, a first end of the first resistance adjustable module is electrically connected to the positive power terminal of the optocoupler unit, a second end of the first resistance adjustable module is electrically connected to a collector of the first transistor, a first end of the second resistance adjustable module is electrically connected to the negative power terminal of the optocoupler unit, a second end of the second resistance adjustable module is electrically connected to a collector of the second transistor, an emitter of the first transistor is electrically connected to an emitter of the second transistor, and the emitter of the first triode and the emitter of the second triode are used for being connected with the grid of the IGBT.
3. The circuit of claim 2, further comprising:
the first constant value resistance unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first constant value resistance unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, and the second end of the first constant value resistance unit is grounded;
and the second constant value resistance unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the second constant value resistance unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second triode, and the second end of the second constant value resistance unit is grounded.
4. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the driving circuit further comprises a current detection unit, a first end of the current detection unit is electrically connected to the push-pull unit, and a second end of the current detection unit is used for connecting a gate of the IGBT.
5. The circuit of claim 4, wherein the driver circuit further comprises:
and the current control unit is respectively electrically connected with the current detection unit and the resistance adjustable unit and is used for adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit according to the actual current detected by the current detection unit and the theoretical driving current of the IGBT.
6. The circuit of claim 2, further comprising:
the first capacitor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first capacitor unit is electrically connected with the negative power supply end of the optocoupler unit, and the second end of the first capacitor unit is grounded;
and the second capacitor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the second capacitor unit is electrically connected with the positive power supply end of the optocoupler unit, and the second end of the second capacitor unit is grounded.
7. A circuit according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first transistor is an NPN transistor and the second transistor is a PNP transistor.
8. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the resistance adjustable unit is a digital potentiometer.
9. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the input signal of the optical coupling unit is a PWM signal.
10. An electronic device characterized by comprising the IGBT drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and an IGBT, the IGBT drive circuit being electrically connected to the IGBT.
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| CN202110914749.7A CN113691110B (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN113691110B (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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