CN113691110B - IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment - Google Patents
IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN113691110B CN113691110B CN202110914749.7A CN202110914749A CN113691110B CN 113691110 B CN113691110 B CN 113691110B CN 202110914749 A CN202110914749 A CN 202110914749A CN 113691110 B CN113691110 B CN 113691110B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
- H02M1/092—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices the control signals being transmitted optically
Abstract
The application provides an IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment. The circuit comprises: an optocoupler unit; the push-pull unit is electrically connected with the optocoupler unit; the resistance adjustable unit is respectively and electrically connected with the optocoupler unit and the push-pull unit, and the output current of the push-pull unit is the gate driving current of the IGBT by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit. The output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, so that the driving of different IGBT is ensured. The problem that the driving current output by the push-pull unit in the prior art is not adjustable is solved, so that the IGBT is reliably driven. So that the drive circuit can adapt to IGBTs of different rated currents. Hardware resources are saved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of IGBT driving, in particular to an IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment.
Background
In the prior art, most IGBT driving circuits are isolated by using high-speed optocouplers, and have the advantages of small transmission delay and capability of well inhibiting common-mode interference, but the output current of the optocouplers in the market at present is generally smaller (basically not more than 4A), and the optocouplers are not suitable for driving large-current IGBT (IGBT above 150A), and partial manufacturers have optocouplers with maximum output currents of 6A, 8A and 10A, but have higher general prices, so that the complementary injection output circuit (push-pull circuit) is formed by adding two triodes at the output stage of the optocouplers when the large-current IGBT is driven at present and is used for amplifying the output current of the optocouplers to meet the driving of the large-current IGBT.
As shown in fig. 1, the push-pull circuit can amplify the current of the optocoupler output stage, but the triode works in an amplifying region in the turn-on and turn-off process of the IGBT, and the power consumption of the triode is larger; and the grid driving current of the circuit is not adjustable, and under the condition that the selection of the resistor Ron and the Roff parameters is unreasonable, the IGBT can be possibly turned on and off in an unreliable way.
Most push-pull circuits at present have the problems that triodes work in an amplifying region in the turn-on and turn-off process of IGBT, so that the loss is large; and the drive current of the push-pull drive circuit which is actually designed does not necessarily ensure the reliable drive of the IGBT.
Disclosure of Invention
The application mainly aims to provide an IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment, which are used for solving the problem that the driving current of a push-pull driving circuit in the prior art does not necessarily ensure the reliable driving of an IGBT.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided an IGBT driving circuit comprising: an optocoupler unit; the push-pull unit is electrically connected with the optocoupler unit; the resistance adjustable unit is respectively and electrically connected with the optocoupler unit and the push-pull unit, the magnitude of the output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted in real time by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, and the output current of the push-pull unit is the gate driving current of the IGBT.
Optionally, the optocoupler unit has an output end, a positive power end and a negative power end, the push-pull unit includes a first triode and a second triode, the base of the first triode and the base of the second triode are respectively electrically connected with the output end of the optocoupler unit, the resistance adjustable unit includes a first resistance adjustable module and a second resistance adjustable module, the first end of the first resistance adjustable module is electrically connected with the positive power end of the optocoupler unit, the second end of the first resistance adjustable module is electrically connected with the collector of the first triode, the first end of the second resistance adjustable module is electrically connected with the negative power end of the optocoupler unit, the second end of the second resistance adjustable module is electrically connected with the collector of the second triode, the emitter of the first triode and the emitter of the second triode are electrically connected, and the emitter of the first triode and the emitter of the second triode are used for connecting the grid of the IGBT.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: the first constant value resistor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first constant value resistor unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, and the second end of the first constant value resistor unit is grounded; the second constant value resistor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the second constant value resistor unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second triode, and the second end of the second constant value resistor unit is grounded.
Optionally, the driving circuit further includes a current detection unit, a first end of the current detection unit is electrically connected with the push-pull unit, and a second end of the current detection unit is used for connecting the gate of the IGBT.
Optionally, the driving circuit further includes: and the current control unit is respectively and electrically connected with the current detection unit and the resistance adjustable unit and is used for adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit according to the actual current detected by the current detection unit and the theoretical driving current of the IGBT.
Optionally, the circuit further comprises: the first capacitor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first capacitor unit is electrically connected with the negative power supply end of the optocoupler unit, and the second end of the first capacitor unit is grounded; the second capacitor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the second capacitor unit is electrically connected with the positive power supply end of the optocoupler unit, and the second end of the second capacitor unit is grounded.
Optionally, the first triode is an NPN triode, and the second triode is a PNP triode.
Optionally, the resistance adjustable unit is a digital potentiometer.
Optionally, the input signal of the optocoupler unit is a PWM signal.
According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided an electronic device including any one of the IGBT driving circuits and IGBTs, the IGBT driving circuits being electrically connected to the IGBTs.
By applying the technical scheme of the application, the IGBT driving circuit adjusts the output current of the push-pull unit by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit so as to ensure the driving of different IGBTs. The problem that the driving current output by the push-pull unit in the prior art is not adjustable is solved, so that the IGBT is reliably driven. So that the drive circuit can adapt to IGBTs of different rated currents. Hardware resources are saved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a prior art IGBT push-pull drive circuit diagram;
fig. 2 shows an IGBT driving circuit diagram according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 3 shows a gate drive current adjustment flow chart according to an embodiment of the application.
Wherein the above figures include the following reference numerals:
10. an optocoupler unit; 11. an output end; 12. a positive power supply terminal; 13. a negative power supply terminal; 20. a push-pull unit; 21. a first triode; 22. a second triode; 30. a resistance adjustable unit; 31. a first resistance adjustable module; 32. a second resistance adjustable module; 40. a first constant value resistor unit; 50. a second fixed value resistor unit; 60. a current detection unit; 70. a current control unit; 80. a first capacitor unit; 90. and a second capacitor unit.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Furthermore, in the description and in the claims, when an element is described as being "connected" to another element, the element may be "directly connected" to the other element or "connected" to the other element through a third element.
For convenience of description, the following will describe some terms or terminology involved in the embodiments of the present application:
IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transisitor): the insulated gate bipolar transistor is a compound full-control voltage-driven power semiconductor device composed of a BJT (bipolar transistor) and a MOS (insulated gate field effect transistor), and has the advantages of high input impedance of a MOSFET and low conduction voltage drop of a GRT.
As described in the background art, the driving current of the push-pull driving circuit in the prior art does not necessarily ensure reliable driving of the IGBT, so as to solve the problem that the driving current of the push-pull driving circuit does not necessarily ensure reliable driving of the IGBT, the embodiment of the application provides an IGBT driving circuit and an electronic device.
An exemplary embodiment of the present application provides an IGBT driving circuit, as shown in fig. 2, including:
an optocoupler unit 10;
the push-pull unit 20 is electrically connected with the optocoupler unit 10 and is used for amplifying the output current of the optocoupler unit so as to meet the driving of the grid electrode of the IGBT;
and a resistance adjustable unit 30 electrically connected to the optocoupler unit 10 and the push-pull unit 20, wherein the output current of the push-pull unit 20 is the gate driving current of the IGBT by adjusting the resistance of the resistance adjustable unit 30 and adjusting the output current of the push-pull unit 20 in real time.
In the scheme, the output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, so that the driving of different IGBT is ensured. The problem that the driving current output by the push-pull unit in the prior art is not adjustable is solved, so that the IGBT is reliably driven. So that the drive circuit can adapt to IGBTs of different rated currents. Hardware resources are saved.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the optocoupler 10 has an output terminal 11, a positive power terminal 12 and a negative power terminal 13, the push-pull unit 20 includes a first transistor 21 and a second transistor 22, a base of the first transistor 21 and a base of the second transistor 22 are electrically connected to the output terminal of the optocoupler 10, the resistance-adjustable unit 30 includes a first resistance-adjustable module 31 and a second resistance-adjustable module 32, a first end of the first resistance-adjustable module 31 is electrically connected to the positive power terminal of the optocoupler 10, a second end of the first resistance-adjustable module 31 is electrically connected to a collector of the first transistor 21, a first end of the second resistance-adjustable module 32 is electrically connected to the negative power terminal of the optocoupler 10, a second end of the second resistance-adjustable module 32 is electrically connected to the second transistor 22, an emitter of the first transistor 21 and an emitter of the second transistor 22 are electrically connected to the collector of the IGBT 22. That is, the first resistance adjustable module acts on the first triode, the second resistance adjustable module acts on the second triode, and the adjustment of the currents output by the emitter of the first triode 21 and the emitter of the second triode 22 is realized by adjusting the resistance value of the first resistance adjustable module and the resistance value of the second resistance adjustable module, so that the driving of the grid electrode of the IGBT is realized.
In another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the circuit further includes: a first constant value resistor 40 having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the first constant value resistor 40 is electrically connected to the collector of the first triode 21, and the second end of the first constant value resistor 40 is grounded; and a second constant value resistor unit 50 having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second constant value resistor unit 50 is electrically connected to the collector of the second triode 22, and the second end of the second constant value resistor unit 50 is grounded. Under the combined action of the first constant value resistor unit and the first resistor adjustable module, the voltage of the collector electrode of the first triode is always lower than the base level voltage of the collector electrode of the first triode through voltage division, and the first triode is further enabled to work in a saturation region; similarly, under the combined action of the second constant value resistor unit and the second resistor adjustable module, the voltage of the collector electrode of the second triode is always lower than the base-level voltage thereof through voltage division, and the second triode is further enabled to work in a saturation region. The problem that the power consumption of the triode is overlarge due to the fact that the triode works in an amplifying area is solved, and the power consumption of the triode is reduced.
Specifically, the first constant value resistor unit comprises one or more first constant value resistors, and the first constant value resistors are connected in series, in parallel or in a series-parallel mixed mode to form the first constant value resistor unit. The second constant value resistor unit comprises one or more second constant value resistors, and the second constant value resistors are connected in series, in parallel or in a series-parallel mixed mode to form the first constant value resistor unit.
In still another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the driving circuit further includes a current detecting unit 60, a first terminal of the current detecting unit 60 is electrically connected to the push-pull unit 20, and a second terminal of the current detecting unit 60 is used for connecting to the gate of the IGBT. The current detection unit is used for detecting the output current of the push-pull unit in real time so as to monitor the output current of the push-pull unit.
In still another embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the driving circuit further includes: and a current control unit 70 electrically connected to the current detecting unit 60 and the resistance adjustable unit 30, respectively, for adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit 30 according to the actual current detected by the current detecting unit 60 and the theoretical driving current of the IGBT. The current detection unit transmits the collected current value back to the current control unit (specifically, can control a weak current board), the weak current board is controlled to compare the collected current value with the theoretical driving current of the IGBT input before, and the resistance values of the two digital potentiometers are controlled in real time according to the comparison result (the actual driving current is smaller, the resistance value of the digital potentiometer is controlled to be reduced, otherwise, the resistance value of the digital potentiometer is increased), so that the driving current can be adjusted in real time.
In one embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 2, the circuit further includes: a first capacitor unit 80 having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the first capacitor unit 80 is electrically connected to the negative power supply end of the optocoupler unit 10, and the second end of the first capacitor unit 80 is grounded; and a second capacitor unit 90 having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end of the second capacitor unit 90 is electrically connected to the positive power supply end of the optocoupler unit 10, and the second end of the second capacitor unit 90 is grounded. The first and second capacitance units function as filters.
Specifically, the first capacitance unit includes a plurality of first capacitances, and the second capacitance unit includes a plurality of second capacitances.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first transistor 21 is an NPN transistor, and the second transistor 22 is a PNP transistor.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the resistance adjustable unit 30 is a digital potentiometer.
Specifically, the input signal of the optocoupler unit is a PWM signal.
Another exemplary embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including any one of the above-described IGBT driving circuits and an IGBT, where the above-described IGBT driving circuits are electrically connected to the above-described IGBT. The IGBT driving circuit in the electronic equipment adjusts the output current of the push-pull unit by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit so as to ensure the driving of different IGBTs. The problem that the driving current output by the push-pull unit in the prior art is not adjustable is solved, so that the IGBT is reliably driven. So that the drive circuit can adapt to IGBTs of different rated currents. Hardware resources are saved.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the driving circuit includes:
digital potentiometer (i.e. resistance adjustable unit): and the programmable resistor with adjustable resistance is used for controlling the magnitude of the grid driving current.
An optocoupler unit: as driving chips, such as HCPL-316J, TLP, 5214, TLP5754, etc., the connection between the weak current control signal and the push-pull circuit is realized, the front end of the driving chip is input with PWM signal connected with the output of the weak current board, and the output Vout of the driving chip is connected with the push-pull unit formed by a pair of triodes.
A current detection unit: a current sensor is used for detecting the gate driving current (namely the collector current Ic of the triode) of the IGBT, the detected current is compared with the theoretically calculated gate driving current which can ensure the reliable on and off of the IGBT, and then the resistance value is adjusted by controlling a digital potentiometer so as to adjust the collector current Ic of the triode, so that the IGBT can be driven.
Push-pull unit: the complementary jet output circuit is composed of two triodes (an NPN tube MJD44H11 and a PNP tube MJD45H 11) with the same parameters, the continuous current of the collectors of the two triodes can reach 6A, and the drive of the IGBT with the rated current of 200A can be satisfied.
The theoretical drive current value of the IGBT to be driven is first calculated and then inputted into the weak current control board. The optocoupler amplifies the PWM signal input by the front stage in one stage, and the Vout pin (output end) outputs the PWM signal with high level of +15V and low level of-8V, but the maximum output current of the optocoupler is limited, so that the drive of the IGBT can not be satisfied. The push-pull unit connected with the pin Vout of the optocoupler realizes amplification of driving current, and due to the existence of the first digital potentiometer, the second digital potentiometer, the first constant value resistor unit and the second constant value resistor unit, the collector voltages of the first triode and the second triode are always lower than the base level voltage thereof through voltage division, so that the triode works in a saturation region, the problem that the power consumption of the triode is overlarge due to the fact that the triode works in the amplification region is solved, and the power consumption of the triode is reduced.
When the triode works in the saturation region, the collector current Ic (namely the driving current of the IGBT) reaches the maximum value in the state and is no longer in linear relation with the base-stage current Ib, and Ic is only related to the value of the collector resistance Rc (namely the resistance of the digital potentiometer in the embodiment); the current sensor is used for sampling the driving current, the collected current value is transmitted back to the control weak current board, the control weak current board compares the collected current value with the theoretical driving current of the IGBT input before, the resistance values of the two digital potentiometers are controlled in real time according to the comparison result (the actual driving current is smaller, the resistance value of the digital potentiometer is controlled to be reduced, otherwise, the driving current is increased), and then the driving current can be adjusted in real time.
When the resistance value of the potentiometer is regulated, the maximum current value which can be born by the selected triode is paid attention to, and the phenomenon that the current exceeds the upper limit of the current of the triode due to the fact that the resistance value of the potentiometer is too small is avoided. Meanwhile, the push-pull driving circuit can adjust the magnitude of driving current and can theoretically drive IGBTs with different rated currents.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:
1) According to the IGBT driving circuit, the output current of the push-pull unit is regulated by regulating the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, so that the driving of different IGBTs is ensured. The problem that the driving current output by the push-pull unit in the prior art is not adjustable is solved, so that the IGBT is reliably driven. So that the drive circuit can adapt to IGBTs of different rated currents. Hardware resources are saved.
2) According to the electronic equipment, the IGBT driving circuit adjusts the output current of the push-pull unit by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, so that the driving of different IGBTs is ensured. The problem that the driving current output by the push-pull unit in the prior art is not adjustable is solved, so that the IGBT is reliably driven. So that the drive circuit can adapt to IGBTs of different rated currents. Hardware resources are saved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. An IGBT drive circuit, comprising:
an optocoupler unit;
the push-pull unit is electrically connected with the optocoupler unit;
the resistance adjustable unit is respectively and electrically connected with the optocoupler unit and the push-pull unit, and the magnitude of the output current of the push-pull unit is adjusted in real time by adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit, wherein the output current of the push-pull unit is the gate driving current of the IGBT;
the push-pull unit comprises a first triode and a second triode, the base electrode of the first triode and the base electrode of the second triode are respectively and electrically connected with the output end of the optical coupling unit, the resistance-adjustable unit comprises a first resistance-adjustable module and a second resistance-adjustable module, the first end of the first resistance-adjustable module is electrically connected with the positive power supply end of the optical coupling unit, the second end of the first resistance-adjustable module is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, the first end of the second resistance-adjustable module is electrically connected with the negative power supply end of the optical coupling unit, the second end of the second resistance-adjustable module is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second triode, the emitter electrode of the first triode is electrically connected with the emitter electrode of the second triode, and the emitter electrode of the first triode is electrically connected with the grid electrode of the IGBT;
the circuit further comprises:
the first constant value resistor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first constant value resistor unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the first triode, and the second end of the first constant value resistor unit is grounded;
the second constant value resistor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the second constant value resistor unit is electrically connected with the collector electrode of the second triode, and the second end of the second constant value resistor unit is grounded;
under the combined action of the first constant value resistance unit and the first resistance adjustable module, the voltage of the collector electrode of the first triode is always lower than the base-level voltage of the collector electrode of the first triode through voltage division, and the first triode is further enabled to work in a saturation region; similarly, under the combined action of the second constant value resistor unit and the second resistor adjustable module, the voltage of the collector electrode of the second triode is always lower than the base level voltage thereof through voltage division, so that the second triode works in a saturation region;
the first end of the current detection unit is electrically connected with the push-pull unit, and the second end of the current detection unit is used for being connected with the grid electrode of the IGBT;
and the current control unit is respectively and electrically connected with the current detection unit and the resistance adjustable unit and is used for adjusting the resistance value of the resistance adjustable unit according to the actual current detected by the current detection unit and the theoretical driving current of the IGBT.
2. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the circuit further comprises:
the first capacitor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the first capacitor unit is electrically connected with the negative power supply end of the optocoupler unit, and the second end of the first capacitor unit is grounded;
the second capacitor unit is provided with a first end and a second end, the first end of the second capacitor unit is electrically connected with the positive power supply end of the optocoupler unit, and the second end of the second capacitor unit is grounded.
3. The circuit of claim 1, wherein the first transistor is an NPN transistor and the second transistor is a PNP transistor.
4. The circuit of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the resistance adjustable unit is a digital potentiometer.
5. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the input signal of the optocoupler unit is a PWM signal.
6. An electronic device comprising the IGBT drive circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 5 and an IGBT, the IGBT drive circuit being electrically connected to the IGBT.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110914749.7A CN113691110B (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110914749.7A CN113691110B (en) | 2021-08-10 | 2021-08-10 | IGBT driving circuit and electronic equipment |
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| CN113691110A CN113691110A (en) | 2021-11-23 |
| CN113691110B true CN113691110B (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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| CN112039318A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏信息职业技术学院 | Novel MOS tube isolation driving circuit |
| CN112468124A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-03-09 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | IGBT driving device and IGBT |
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| CN113691110A (en) | 2021-11-23 |
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