CN113690469A

CN113690469A - Aluminum-water electrochemical cell system

Info

Publication number: CN113690469A
Application number: CN202110983756.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨灿军; 吴泽亮; 夏庆超; 马姝阳
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2021-08-25
Filing date: 2021-08-25
Publication date: 2021-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2041-08-25
Also published as: CN113690469B

Abstract

The invention discloses an aluminum-water electrochemical cell system, which comprises an aluminum-water electrochemical cell and a maintaining system, wherein the aluminum-water electrochemical cell comprises a cell unit, the cell unit comprises a shell, a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a water body interaction system and a reaction system, the reaction system is arranged in the shell, the water body interaction system, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are arranged on the shell, the water body interaction system is connected with the reaction system and the maintaining system, the shell comprises a cathode shell and an anode shell, cathode shells are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the anode shell, sealing rings are arranged between two sides of the anode shell and the cathode shells, and the anode shell is detachably connected with the cathode shells on the two sides; the reaction system comprises an anode, an anode support and a cathode, wherein the anode is nested in the anode support, aluminum hydroxide floccules are arranged on the surface of the anode, the cathode is arranged in the cavity, hydrogen bubbles are attached to the surface of the cathode, and electrolyte is arranged in the cathode shell and the anode shell; the positive and negative electrodes comprise two electrode rods and connectors which are distributed up and down. The invention can stably supply power.

Description

Aluminum-water electrochemical cell system

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean chemistry and energy application, and particularly relates to an aluminum-water electrochemical cell system which generates electric energy based on chemical reaction between aluminum metal or aluminum alloy and water, and the electric energy can continuously provide long-time power supply for equipment in an ocean environment.

Background

The aluminum-water electrochemical cell is a fuel cell which takes aluminum metal or aluminum alloy as an anode and water as a cathode, is different from the aluminum-air (oxygen) fuel cell in the traditional concept, does not need to carry an oxygen storage tank, does not need air, can be used under the anaerobic condition, only consumes the aluminum alloy anode and the water in the using process, can generate hydrogen while supplying power to a load, and realizes the symbiosis of electric energy and hydrogen energy.

Aluminum-water electrochemical cells select aluminum alloys as the anode of the cell, which has several advantages: (1) the electrochemical equivalent is high. The equivalent weight of the aluminum is 2980 A.h/kg, and the aluminum is metal with the highest mass-to-energy ratio except for steel; (2) the electrode potential is more negative, and for the anode material, the more negative the potential, the better. Aluminum has a more negative electrode potential and thus provides more power. (3) The aluminum has rich resources and low price. (4) The application range is wide. For batteries, alkaline, neutral and organic batteries can be made. Therefore, aluminum is an excellent battery negative active material.

Aluminum-water electrochemical cells having aluminum alloys as the cell anode still suffer from a number of disadvantages: (1) the actual working potential of aluminum is much higher than the theoretical value; the aluminum alloy has strong affinity with oxygen, and a layer of compact passivation oxide film can be generated on the surface of the aluminum alloy in air and aqueous solution, so that the electrode potential of the aluminum in neutral solution can not reach the theoretical electrode potential, and the voltage hysteresis phenomenon during discharging can be caused. (2) The aluminum anode is easy to generate serious hydrogen evolution self-corrosion in the reaction, the utilization rate of the aluminum alloy is reduced, the specific energy and the specific power of the battery are reduced, and the normal work of the battery is influenced. At present, in order to reduce the influence of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the aluminum anode on the electrochemical performance of the aluminum anode, the electrochemical performance of the aluminum alloy anode is mainly improved by adding a trace amount of alloy elements. The alloy elements are mainly divided into 3 types according to the functions In the aluminum alloy, namely Ga, In, Sn, Bi, Tl and the like which can damage a passive film and reduce the resistance of an oxide film to form a low-temperature eutectic alloy; high hydrogen evolution overpotential elements Pb, Sn, Hg, Cd and the like which activate aluminum and reduce the self-corrosion speed. For example, the patent of the aluminum alloy anode material for the seawater battery with the patent number of 201811351266.5, which is applied to the seventh second and fifth research institutes of the Chinese ship re-engineering group company, provides a material with the following components: 0.01 to 0.1 percent of Ga, 0.01 to 0.5 percent of Zn, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Bi, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of Sn, 0.01 to 0.2 percent of Cd, 0.02 to 0.1 percent of Pb, 0.02 to 0.2 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of total content of impurity elements, less than or equal to 0.07 percent of impurity Fe, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of impurity Cu, and the balance of Al. In addition, the hydrogen evolution corrosion of the aluminum alloy anode can be obviously inhibited by proper heat treatment, for example, the aluminum alloy material is sequentially subjected to treatment of solid solution at 500 ℃ for 6h, quenching, drying, tempering at 150 ℃ for 8h and natural cooling in air, so that the electrochemical performance can be improved and the self-corrosion rate can be reduced.

In the 80 s of the 20 th century, the research on aluminum-water fuel cells has been vigorously carried out abroad, and the research in China is relatively late. Currently, research on aluminum-water fuel cells has made breakthrough progress. Shen et al, 1994, conducted a study of aluminum water fuel cells for deep sea applications, and designed cylindrical cells. The Li-Zheya, university of Tianjin in 2002 has studied the aluminum water fuel cell and designed an open cell structure. In 2015, the aluminum seawater fuel cell was developed by the open water power company of the United states in combination with the Massachusetts institute of technology, the Lincoln laboratories and the Wutz Hall ocean research institute, and the technical maturity reached level 6. The battery uses aluminum alloy as an anode, platinized titanium as a hydrogen evolution cathode, alkaline seawater as an electrolyte, and adopts a laminated sealing structure, the energy density of the battery is 10 times that of a lithium ion battery, and can reach 3000Wh/L, the power density can reach 35W/L, the battery has the advantages of long service life of more than one week under high power and several months under low power, and the battery system has simple structure and high safety.

In recent years, a number of domestic metal fuel cells have been developed, for example, patent No. 201811533741.0, entitled metal-air battery or single cell, which describes a specific structure of a metal fuel cell for generating electricity by reacting metal aluminum with air. Patent No. 201811535989.0 describes a structure of a fuel cell stack in seawater, which employs an elastically deformable housing to adjust buoyancy and treat gas generated by reaction, patent No. 201210222298.1 describes a metal-air battery which can remove precipitation generated by reaction by intermittently circulating electrolyte, and no aluminum water battery has been studied in China, because at present, the aluminum water battery mainly has the following technical problems:

1. the performance of the aluminum alloy anode cannot reach a theoretical value due to passivation and self-corrosion;

2. the cell is susceptible to AI (OH) produced by chemical reaction during operation₃Floe resulting in battery blockage and capacity loss;

3. when the battery moves along with the equipment, the posture can change, the exhaust effect of the fixed exhaust port is poor, and a novel exhaust mode is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide an aluminum water electrochemical battery system to realize stable power supply for a long time for equipment in a marine environment, such as a sonobuoy, a marine life-saving signal lamp, a UUV, a marine profiler and the like. Compared with the existing metal seawater fuel cell, the invention can solve various practical problems generated when the cell operates in a marine environment, so that the cell can operate safely, stably and durably.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an aluminum-water electrochemical cell system, which includes an aluminum-water cell and a maintaining system for peripheral transmission, wherein the aluminum-water cell includes a cell unit, the cell unit includes a casing, an anode and a cathode, a water body interaction system and a reaction system, the reaction system is disposed in the casing and wrapped by the casing, the water body interaction system and the anode and cathode are disposed on the casing, and the water body interaction system is connected to the reaction system and the maintaining system, wherein:

the shell comprises a cathode shell and an anode shell, wherein the two sides of the anode shell are symmetrically provided with one cathode shell, a sealing ring is arranged between the two sides of the anode shell and the cathode shell, a cavity is arranged in the cathode shell, and the anode shell is detachably connected with the cathode shells on the two sides;

the reaction system comprises an anode, an anode support and a cathode, wherein the anode is nested in the anode support, the anode support is in clearance fit with an anode shell, the left side and the right side of the anode support are abutted against cathode shells at two sides, aluminum hydroxide floccules are arranged on the surface of the anode, the cathode is arranged in a cavity, hydrogen bubbles are attached to the surface of the cathode, and flowing electrolyte is arranged in the cathode shells and the anode shells;

the anode and the cathode comprise two electrode rods and connectors which are distributed up and down, the two electrode rods penetrate through the anode shell and the cathode shells on two sides, the connectors are sealed in the cathode shell and the anode shell in a gluing mode, the connector in the cathode shell is located above the cathode shell, one end of the connector in the cathode shell is connected with the cathode, the other end of the connector in the cathode shell is in contact with the electrode rods above, the connector in the anode shell is located below the anode shell, one end of the connector in the anode shell is connected with the anode, and the other end of the connector in the anode shell is in contact with the electrode rods below;

the water body interaction system comprises four through holes arranged on the cathode shell, two of the through holes are water inlets, two of the through holes are water outlets, the through holes on the cathode shell are communicated with the chamber, the through holes are connected with the maintaining system through pipelines, and the anode shell is provided with communicating holes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes and are communicated with the through holes;

the maintenance system comprises a water pump, a filter and a liquid storage tank, the aluminum water battery is sequentially connected with the filter, the water pump and the liquid storage tank through pipelines to form a circulating transmission for the electrolyte, the maintenance system works intermittently and only works when the concentration of aluminum hydroxide floc in the electrolyte reaches a set degree, and the electrolyte, hydrogen bubbles and the aluminum hydroxide floc exist in the environment in the maintenance system.

Preferably, in order to improve the sealing performance, two large sealing rings and two small sealing rings are arranged between each anode shell and each cathode shell, the two sealing rings and the cathode shells are concentric circles, an annular drying area is separated between the anode shells and the cathode shells through the two sealing rings, the anode shells are of an annular structure, and the anode shells and the cathode shells on the two sides are sequentially connected through bolts and nuts in a matched mode.

Considering as an optimal solution, the thickness of the anode is 2-5 mm.

Considering as the optimal solution, the thickness of the cathode is 40-100 um.

In order to ensure that the electrode bar is abutted to the connector all the time and finally ensure that the electrode bar is communicated with the connector without influencing the working state of the electrode, a sealing plate is sealed at the corresponding positions of the cathode shell and the anode shell, an elastic pin positioned in the shell is arranged on the sealing plate, and one end of the elastic pin pushes the corresponding electrode bar to the connector.

The electrolyte is an alkaline conductive liquid, and the specific components comprise KOH and H₂0. Methanol and acetonitrile.

In order to replace the blocked filter unit in time and ensure that the filter can be used for a long time, the filter comprises a filter cavity, a filter unit, an electric push driver and a push rod, more than one filter unit is arranged in the filter cavity, one end of the filter unit is an opening, the other end of the filter unit is spliced with the push rod, the other end of the push rod is connected with the electric push driver for driving the push rod to move horizontally in the filter cavity, a clamping seat is arranged above the filter cavity, a clamping hook matched with the clamping seat in a buckling manner is arranged above each filter unit, an inlet and an outlet are arranged on the filter cavity, and two sides of each filter unit are provided with an inlet or an outlet matched with a liquid outlet/inlet.

Preferably, the filter unit is convenient to process and comprises a unit shell and a filter cotton core positioned in the unit shell.

Preferably, the liquid storage tank stores certain electrolyte and hydrogen bubbles, and is provided with a hydrophobic breathable layer capable of discharging the hydrogen bubbles and a water injection port capable of supplementing pure water from an external environment.

Preferably, for convenience of installation, the inner wall of the chamber is inclined, the cathode is arranged at a small caliber at the bottom in the chamber, and the cathode shell and the anode shell are made of plastic materials.

Preferably, in order to improve the performance of the battery, the aluminum water battery is of a sheet-shaped modular structure and comprises more than one battery unit which is stacked and arranged in parallel.

The aluminum-water electrochemical cell system obtained by the invention has the following technical effects:

1. firstly, the aluminum alloy with high activity and high negative potential is used as an anode, and meanwhile, the electrolyte is used inside, so that the self-corrosion of the aluminum metal anode can be effectively relieved, and the aluminum metal anode has good conductivity;

2. in addition, the electrolyte circularly flows through the maintaining system, so that the electrolyte can return to the battery at the later stage, the high concentration of water is ensured, and the electrolyte returns to the primary battery from the cathode, the water concentration near the anode is effectively reduced, and the self-corrosion of the anode is relieved;

3. the battery is provided with 2 water inlets and 2 water outlets, when the electrolyte is replaced, the electrolyte flows to generate turbulence, and bubbles adsorbed on the surface of the cathode can be effectively taken away;

4. meanwhile, the electrolyte contains hydrogen bubbles, has a cavitation effect, can generate a strong scouring effect on the surface of the aluminum metal anode during replacement, and effectively takes away aluminum hydroxide floccules on the surface of the anode;

5. the battery pack can effectively and reliably process the working product of the battery pack, so that the battery pack can continuously and stably provide power for equipment in a marine environment; meanwhile, the battery pack realizes the isolation of the internal electrolyte from the external seawater environment through the sealing ring, is simple and reliable, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the battery pack can be connected with the batteries only by 2 electrode rods, so that the batteries can be conveniently stacked in parallel;

6. the battery pack is installed by matching bolts and nuts, so that the operation is simple and the structural stability is good;

7. meanwhile, the filter is arranged in a shell-replaced filter cotton core type structure, so that the problem that the service life of the battery is influenced due to the blockage of the filter can be effectively avoided;

8. the hydrogen releasing and water replenishing functions are integrated in the liquid storage tank, so that the structure is effectively simplified, and the system works more reliably and stably.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a structural view of a battery unit in the present embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of an aluminum water battery comprising 3 battery cells according to example 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte flow of the aluminum water battery corresponding to FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a connection structure diagram of the aluminum-water battery corresponding to FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a view of the corresponding battery electrode structure of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the anode holder according to the embodiment 1;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view taken at A of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the filter of this embodiment 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the filter unit in this embodiment 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the circulation of the electrolyte in this example 1.

In the figure: the device comprises a cathode shell 1, a chamber 1-1, a bolt 2, a sealing ring 3, an anode shell 4, a nut 5, a cathode 6, a hydrogen bubble 7, electrolyte 8, aluminum hydroxide floc 9, an anode 10, a through hole 11, a communication hole 11-1, an electrode bar 12, a connector 13, an anode support 14, an elastic pin 15, a sealing plate 16, an electric push driver 17, a push rod 18, a filter cavity 19, a filter unit 20, a filter cotton core 21, a unit shell 22, an aluminum water battery 23, a filter 24, a water pump 25, a liquid storage tank 26, a clamping seat 19-1, a clamping hook 19-2, an inlet 19-3, an outlet 19-4, a liquid outlet/inlet 20-1 and a battery unit 23-1.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art from the embodiments given herein are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the aluminum-water electrochemical battery system provided by the present invention includes an aluminum-water battery 23 and a maintaining system as a peripheral transmission, wherein the aluminum-water battery 23 includes a battery unit 23-1, the battery unit 23-1 includes a housing, an anode and a cathode, a water body interaction system and a reaction system, the reaction system is disposed in the housing and wrapped by the housing, the water body interaction system and the anode and the cathode are disposed on the housing, and the water body interaction system is connected to the reaction system and the maintaining system, wherein:

the shell comprises a cathode shell 1, an anode shell 4 and a sealing ring 3, wherein the cathode shell 1 is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the anode shell 4, the sealing ring 3 is arranged between two sides of the anode shell 4 and the cathode shell 1, a cavity 1-1 is arranged in the cathode shell 1, the anode shell 4 is of an annular structure, the anode shell 4 is detachably connected with the cathode shells 1 on two sides, and the anode shell 4 and the cathode shells 1 on two sides are sequentially matched and connected with a nut 5 through a bolt 2 in the embodiment; other detachable connections, such as hinges, buckles, etc., can also be adopted;

the reaction system comprises an anode 10, an anode support 14, a cathode 6, hydrogen bubbles 7, aluminum hydroxide floccules 9 and electrolyte 8, wherein the anode 10 is nested in the anode support 14, the anode support 14 is in clearance fit with an anode shell 4, the left side and the right side of the anode support 14 are abutted to the cathode shells 1 at two sides, the aluminum hydroxide floccules 9 are arranged on the surface of the anode 10, the cathode 6 is arranged in a chamber 1-1, the hydrogen bubbles 7 are attached to the surface of the cathode 6, and the flowing electrolyte 8 is arranged inside the cathode shells 1 and the anode shells 4; all reactions are carried out in the electrolyte 8;

the anode and the cathode comprise two electrode rods 12, connectors 13, elastic pins 15 and sealing plates 16 which are distributed up and down, wherein the two electrode rods 12 penetrate through the anode shell 4 and the cathode shells 1 on two sides, the connectors 13 are sealed in the cathode shell 1 and the anode shell 4, the connector 13 in the cathode shell 1 is positioned above the cathode shell 1, one end of the connector 13 in the cathode shell 1 is connected with the cathode 6, the other end of the connector 13 is contacted with the electrode rod 12 above, the connector 13 in the anode shell 4 is positioned below the anode shell 4, one end of the connector 13 in the anode shell 4 is connected with the anode 10, the other end of the connector 13 is contacted with the electrode rod 12 below, the sealing plate 16 is sealed in the corresponding positions of the cathode shell 1 and the anode shell 4, the elastic pin 15 positioned in the shell is arranged on the sealing plate 16, one end of the elastic pin 15 pushes the electrode rod 12 to the connector 13, so that when the electrode rod 12 passes through the through hole on the shell, the electrode rod is pressed by the elastic pin 15 fixed by the sealing plate 16 to be tightly contacted with the connector 13 sealed in the shell by glue, and the sealing plate 16 is also sealed on the shell 1 by the glue, so that the fixation of the electrode rod and the sealing of the shell 1 are realized;

the water body interaction system comprises four through holes 11 arranged on the cathode shell 1, two of the through holes are water inlets, two of the through holes are water outlets, the through holes 11 on the cathode shell 1 are communicated with the chamber 1-1, the through holes 11 are connected with the maintaining system through pipelines, and the anode shell 4 is provided with communicating holes 11-1 which are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes 11 and are communicated with the through holes.

The maintaining system comprises a water pump 25, a filter 24 and a liquid storage tank 26, the aluminum water battery 23 is sequentially connected with the filter 24, the water pump 25 and the liquid storage tank 26 through pipelines to form a circulating transmission of the electrolyte 8, the maintaining system works intermittently and only works when the concentration of the aluminum hydroxide floc 9 in the electrolyte 8 reaches a set degree, and the electrolyte 8, the hydrogen bubbles 7 and the aluminum hydroxide floc 9 exist in the environment in the maintaining system.

Preferably, in order to improve the sealing performance, two large and small sealing rings 3 are arranged between each anode casing 4 and the cathode casing 1, the two sealing rings 3 and the cathode casing 1 are concentric circles, and the two sealing rings 3 separate an annular dry area between the anode casing 4 and the cathode casing 1.

The thickness of the anode in this example is 2-5 mm.

The thickness of the cathode in this embodiment is 40-100 um.

The electrolyte 8 in this embodiment is an alkaline conductive liquid, and specifically contains KOH and H₂0. Methanol and acetonitrile.

In order to replace the blocked filtering units in time and ensure that the filter can be used for a long time, the filter 24 comprises a filtering cavity 19, more than one filtering unit 20, an electric push driver 17 and a push rod 18, wherein the filtering cavity 19 is internally provided with the filtering units 20, one end of each filtering unit 20 is provided with an opening, the other end of each filtering unit 20 is inserted with the push rod 18, the other end of the push rod 18 is connected with the electric push driver 17 for driving the push rod 18 to horizontally move in the filtering cavity 19, a clamping seat 19-1 is arranged above the filtering cavity 19, a clamping hook 19-2 in snap fit with the clamping seat 19-1 is arranged above each filtering unit 20, the filtering cavity 19 is provided with an inlet 19-3 and an outlet 19-4, two sides of each filtering unit 20 are provided with a liquid outlet 20-1 in snap fit with the corresponding inlet 19-3 or outlet 19-4, the later stage of the filter cavity can be sequentially replaced by driving through an electric push driver 17; the filter unit 20 is provided with a buckle for positioning, when the filter unit 20 in use is blocked by certain aluminum hydroxide precipitate, the electric push driver 17 is driven to work, the push rod 18 is driven to horizontally move in the filter cavity 19 to eject the blocked filter unit 20 from the opening at one end of the filter unit 20 to the external environment, the filter unit 20 is replaced by the next filter unit 20 for filtering, and the electrolyte stops flowing when the filter unit 20 is replaced.

Convenient processing, filtration unit 20 described in this embodiment include unit shell 22 and the filter pulp core 21 that is located unit shell 22, for improving the leakproofness in this embodiment, set up the wedge groove in unit shell 22 corresponding position and be used for depositing o type circle and realize and filter chamber 19 between sealed, all set up a circular film on unit shell 22 four walls in the later stage simultaneously to the realization realizes through deformation that filtration unit 20 internal and external pressure is balanced.

In this embodiment, the liquid storage tank 26 stores a certain amount of electrolyte 8 and hydrogen bubbles 7, and the liquid storage tank 26 is provided with a hydrophobic air-permeable layer 26-1 capable of discharging the hydrogen bubbles 7 and a water injection port 26-2 capable of supplementing pure water from the external environment.

For convenience of installation, the inner wall of the chamber 1-1 is inclined in this embodiment, the cathode 6 is arranged at the small diameter of the bottom in the chamber 1-1, and the cathode housing 1 and the anode housing 4 are made of plastic materials.

In order to improve the performance of the battery, the aluminum-water battery 23 described in this embodiment is a sheet-shaped modular structure, and includes more than one battery unit 23-1 stacked in parallel, and the performance of the battery is improved by sequentially adding the stacked battery units 23-1.

Anode shell 4 is cylindrical with cathode shell 1 in this embodiment, and the sectional area is the same, and is stable for the installation, sets up the screw for 4, and the nut that corresponds also is 4, consequently for convenient installation electrode bar 12, two be the water inlet, two be delivery port and fixed 4 screws, has arranged ten through-holes of position one-to-one, easy to assemble and intercommunication on cathode shell 1 and anode shell 4.

The applicant has noted that the thickness of the anode may vary according to power or energy density requirements, that for higher power densities thinner anodes may be used and for higher energy densities the mass of the anode may be increased, the anode preferably having a thickness of about 2-5 mm. In the examples used was an aluminum alloy solid anode containing about 0.15 wt% In and 0.15 wt% Ga, which was subjected to a solution treatment at 500 ℃ for 6 hours, quenching, baking, tempering at 150 ℃ for 8 hours, and natural cooling In air In this order, and the battery was mechanically charged by replacing the solid anode.

The present example relates to a cathode having a high surface area, which is composed of a network material and on the surface of which nickel or platinum is deposited. The cathode used in the examples was composed of a platinum plated conductive nickel mesh. The cathode and the anode are separated by an electrolyte. The thickness of the cathode may vary depending on power or energy density requirements, and one or more cathodes may be used in a cell. And the thickness is about 40-100um when the cathode performance is better.

The cathode 6 used in this example is a platinum-plated conductive nickel mesh; the concentration of KOH in the electrolytic solution 8 used in this example was 0.5M, and the solvent component was H₂O₄₀Methanol₂₀Acetonitrile₄₀。

The invention has the following technical effects:

6. in the embodiment, only 4 bolts are needed when the battery pack is fixed, so that the operation is simple and the structural stability is good;

In conclusion, the invention can provide stable power supply for a long time for equipment in marine environment, such as a sonobuoy, a marine life-saving signal lamp, a UUV, a marine profiler and the like. Compared with the existing metal seawater fuel cell, the invention can solve various practical problems generated when the cell operates in the marine environment, so that the cell can operate safely, stably and durably

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, and any other products in various forms can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in the shape or structure thereof, which have the same or similar technical solutions as those of the present application, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an aluminium-water electrochemical battery system, includes aluminium water battery (23) and the maintenance system as peripheral transmission, its characterized in that, aluminium water battery (23) include battery element (23-1), battery element (23-1) include casing, positive negative pole, water interaction system and reaction system, reaction system sets up and is wrapped up by the casing in the casing, has laid water interaction system and positive negative pole on the casing, water interaction system links to each other with reaction system, maintenance system, wherein:

the shell comprises a cathode shell (1) and an anode shell (4), wherein the cathode shell (1) is symmetrically arranged on two sides of the anode shell (4), a sealing ring (3) is arranged between two sides of the anode shell (4) and the cathode shell (1), a cavity (1-1) is arranged in the cathode shell (1), and the anode shell (4) is detachably connected with the cathode shells (1) on two sides;

the reaction system comprises an anode (10), an anode support (14) and a cathode (6), wherein the anode (10) is nested in the anode support (14), the anode support (14) is in clearance fit with an anode shell (4), the left side and the right side of the anode support (14) are abutted to the cathode shells (1) at the two sides, aluminum hydroxide floccules (9) are arranged on the surface of the anode (10), the cathode (6) is arranged in a chamber (1-1), hydrogen bubbles (7) are attached to the surface of the cathode (6), and flowing electrolyte (8) is arranged in the cathode shells (1) and the anode shells (4);

the anode and the cathode comprise two electrode rods (12) and connectors (13) which are distributed up and down, the two electrode rods (12) penetrate through the anode shell (4) and the cathode shells (1) on two sides, the connectors (13) are sealed in the cathode shells (1) and the anode shells (4), the connectors (13) in the cathode shells (1) are located above the cathode shells (1), one ends of the connectors (13) in the cathode shells (1) are connected with the cathode (6), the other ends of the connectors are in contact with the electrode rods (12) above, the connectors (13) in the anode shells (4) are located below the anode shells (4), one ends of the connectors (13) in the anode shells (4) are connected with the anode (10), and the other ends of the connectors are in contact with the electrode rods (12) below;

the water body interaction system comprises four through holes (11) arranged on a cathode shell (1), two of the through holes are water inlets, two of the through holes are water outlets, the through holes (11) on the cathode shell (1) are communicated with a chamber (1-1), the through holes (11) are connected with a maintaining system through pipelines, and the anode shell (4) is provided with communicating holes (11-1) which are in one-to-one correspondence with the through holes (11) and are communicated with the through holes;

the maintenance system comprises a water pump (25), a filter (24) and a liquid storage tank (26), wherein the aluminum water battery (23) is sequentially connected with the filter (24), the water pump (25) and the liquid storage tank (26) through pipelines to form circulating transmission of electrolyte (8), the maintenance system works intermittently and only works when the concentration of aluminum hydroxide floc (9) in the electrolyte (8) reaches a set degree, and the electrolyte (8), hydrogen bubbles (7) and the aluminum hydroxide floc (9) exist in the environment in the maintenance system.

2. An aluminum-water electrochemical cell system according to claim 1, wherein: two sealing rings (3) with one big and one small are arranged between each anode shell (4) and the cathode shell (1), the two sealing rings (3) and the cathode shell (1) are concentric circles, the two sealing rings (3) separate an annular drying area between the anode shell (4) and the cathode shell (1), the anode shell (4) is of an annular structure, and the anode shell (4) and the cathode shells (1) on two sides are sequentially matched and connected with nuts (5) through bolts (2).

3. An aluminum-water electrochemical cell system according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of positive pole is 2-5mm, the thickness of negative pole is 40-100 um.

4. An aluminum-water electrochemical cell system according to claim 1, wherein: and a sealing plate (16) is sealed at the corresponding positions of the cathode shell (1) and the anode shell (4), an elastic pin (15) positioned in the shell is arranged on the sealing plate (16), and one end of the elastic pin (15) pushes the corresponding electrode bar (12) to the connector (13).

5. An aluminum-water electrochemical cell system according to claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte (8) is alkaline conductive liquid, and contains KOH and H₂0. Methanol and acetonitrile.

6. The aluminum-water electrochemical cell system of claim 1, wherein: the filter (24) comprises a filter cavity (19), more than one filter unit (20), an electric push driver (17) and a push rod (18), wherein the filter cavity (19) is internally provided with more than one filter unit (20), one end of each filter unit (20) is provided with an opening, the other end of each filter unit (20) is connected with the push rod (18) in an inserted manner, the other end of each push rod (18) is connected with the electric push driver (17) for driving the push rod (18) to horizontally move in the filter cavity (19), a clamping seat (19-1) is arranged above the filter cavity (19), a clamping hook (19-2) in snap fit with the clamping seat (19-1) is arranged above each filter unit (20), an inlet (19-3) and an outlet (19-4) are arranged on the filter cavity (19), and an outlet matched with the corresponding inlet (19-3) or outlet (19-4) is arranged on two sides of each filter unit (20) A liquid inlet (20-1).

7. An aluminium-water electrochemical cell system according to claim 6, wherein: the filtering unit (20) comprises a unit shell (22) and a filtering cotton core (21) positioned in the unit shell (22).

8. An aluminium-water electrochemical cell system according to claim 6, wherein: the liquid storage tank (26) is stored with certain electrolyte (8) and hydrogen bubbles (7), and the liquid storage tank (26) is provided with a hydrophobic breathable layer (26-1) capable of discharging the hydrogen bubbles (7) and a water injection port (26-2) capable of supplementing pure water from the external environment.

9. An aluminum-water electrochemical cell system according to claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the chamber (1-1) is obliquely arranged, the cathode (6) is arranged at the small caliber at the bottom in the chamber (1-1), and the cathode shell (1) and the anode shell (4) are made of plastic materials.

10. An aluminium-water electrochemical cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the aluminum water battery (23) is of a sheet-shaped modular structure and comprises more than one battery unit (23-1) which is stacked and arranged in parallel.