CN110112439B - Dynamic circulating and filtering device for electrolyte of metal-air battery - Google Patents
Dynamic circulating and filtering device for electrolyte of metal-air battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN110112439B CN110112439B CN201910439103.0A CN201910439103A CN110112439B CN 110112439 B CN110112439 B CN 110112439B CN 201910439103 A CN201910439103 A CN 201910439103A CN 110112439 B CN110112439 B CN 110112439B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04276—Arrangements for managing the electrolyte stream, e.g. heat exchange
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte. The device comprises a battery box, a confluence box and a settling box; the top of the battery box is provided with a battery box liquid inlet, and the bottom of the battery box is provided with a battery box liquid outlet; the bottom surface of the confluence box is provided with a confluence box liquid outlet, and the upper surface of the confluence box is provided with a confluence box liquid inlet; the liquid inlet of the confluence box is communicated with the liquid outlet of the battery box; a water pump, a spiral cover and a settling pipe are arranged in the settling tank; one end of the settling tube is connected with the liquid outlet of the header box, and the other end of the settling tube is connected with the spiral cover; a filter screen is arranged between the sedimentation pipe and the spiral cover; the water inlet of the water pump is connected with the rotary cover, and the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the liquid inlet of the battery box. After the electrolyte reaction in the battery box, under the drive of water pump, make the electrolyte after the reaction flow into the sedimentation tube through the collection flow box, behind the filter screen, with the colloid separation in the electrolyte before the filter screen, the electrolyte drive circulation after will filtering again flows in the battery box, realizes electrolyte dynamic cycle and filters, improves the power supply.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical metal batteries, in particular to a dynamic circulation filtering device for electrolyte of a metal-air battery.
Background
Under the dual crisis of increasingly severe energy crisis and increasingly worsened ecological environment, the search for new energy sources to replace the traditional fossil energy sources has become a necessary choice for human survival and development. Under such circumstances, various new green energy sources have been rapidly developed, and among them, chemical energy sources have been receiving great attention and attention.
In a conventional high-energy storage battery, a lithium ion battery has the characteristics of high voltage, high energy density and mature preparation process, but the lithium ion battery is high in price, poor in high-temperature safety and insufficient in lithium resource, and is difficult to popularize on a large scale; the nickel-metal hydride battery is also restricted by the problems of energy density, cost, resources and the like of the battery, and cannot meet the power supply requirement. The hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell has excellent performance and is environment-friendly, and hydroxide exists in a large amount in water, plants and the like, so that the problem of lack of raw materials is solved, but the hydrogen production and storage are difficult, the global storage capacity of the catalyst platinum is extremely low, and the like, so that the commercialization of the hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell is difficult to realize in a short period of time.
The metal fuel cell is a special fuel cell taking high-energy-density metal as fuel, has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, rich raw material sources, environmental protection, good electrical property and the like, and is a novel chemical energy source with development potential.
The metal-air battery uses active metal as an anode and oxygen in the air as a cathode, and generates electric energy through the reaction of a primary battery. The metal-air battery releases energy through metal oxidation by utilizing chemical energy stored by active metal, and does not need to be charged by a power grid. The battery can be regenerated by replacing the negative electrode material of the battery.
The electrolyte of the metal fuel cell is usually selected from neutral or alkaline solution, water molecules at the cathode are decomposed into hydroxide radical, and are easy to form colloid with metal ions at the anode, for example, magnesium fuel cell, water molecules at the cathode are decomposed into hydroxide radical, and magnesium ions at the anode are generated into Mg (OH)2The colloid causes the mobility of electrolyte in the battery to be poor and the ion migration is difficult, thereby reducing the power supply of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a dynamic circulation filtering device for an electrolyte of a metal-air battery, which is used for circularly filtering colloidal substances generated in the discharging process of the metal-air battery and improving the power supply power.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte comprises a battery box, a confluence box and a settling box which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
a battery box liquid inlet is formed in the top of the battery box, and a battery box liquid outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the battery box;
a confluence box liquid outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the confluence box; a confluence box liquid inlet is formed in the upper surface of the confluence box; the liquid inlet of the confluence box is positioned right below the liquid outlet of the battery box; the liquid outlet of the battery box is communicated with the liquid inlet of the confluence box; electrolyte in the battery box flows into the confluence box through the battery box liquid outlet and the confluence box liquid inlet;
a water pump, a spiral cover and a settling pipe are arranged in the settling tank;
one end of the settling tube is connected with the liquid outlet of the confluence box through a first hose, and the other end of the settling tube is connected with the spiral cover;
a filter screen is also arranged between the sedimentation pipe and the spiral cover; the filter screen is used for filtering colloid generated in the electrolyte;
the rotary cover is provided with a hole;
a water inlet of the water pump is connected with the hole through a second hose, and a water outlet of the water pump is connected with a liquid inlet of the battery box through a third hose; the water pump is used for driving the electrolyte to circulate.
Optionally, a plurality of battery monomers connected in series are arranged in the battery box; the battery single bodies are identical in structure.
Optionally, the water pump is powered by a plurality of the battery cells connected in series.
Optionally, the single battery comprises a first fixing plate, a first air electrode plate, an electrolyte container, a second air electrode plate and a second fixing plate which are vertically and parallelly arranged in sequence;
a metal electrode is arranged in the electrolyte container; an electrolyte inlet is formed in the top of the electrolyte container; a mixture liquid outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the electrolyte container;
the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are used for fixing the first air electrode plate, the electrolyte container and the second air electrode plate.
Optionally, the liquid inlet of the confluence box is provided with a plurality of first through holes;
the first through holes are all arranged on the upper surface of the header box;
the number of the first through holes is the same as that of the battery monomers, and the first through holes are arranged under the mixture liquid outlets in a one-to-one correspondence mode.
Optionally, a sealing ring is disposed between each first through hole and each mixture liquid outlet.
Optionally, the electrolyte inlets of the battery cells are connected through a fourth hose;
and the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the fourth hose through the third hose.
Optionally, the metal electrode is metal magnesium;
the first air electrode plate and the second air electrode plate are both graphite electrodes.
Optionally, a plurality of bosses are arranged at the edge of the header box; the battery box and the settling box are respectively provided with a plurality of holes, and the holes are matched with the bosses;
the boss is provided with a second through hole;
the second through hole is used for screwing a bolt to connect the confluence box with the battery box and the settling box respectively.
Optionally, the water pump is fixed on the inner side wall of the settling tank.
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte, which comprises a battery box, a confluence box and a settling box, wherein a water pump, a spiral cover and a settling tube are arranged in the settling box, one end of the settling tube is connected with the settling box, the other end of the settling tube is connected with the spiral cover, a filter screen is arranged between the settling tube and the spiral cover, a water inlet pipe of the water pump is connected with the spiral cover, and a water outlet pipe of the water pump is connected with the battery box.
After the electrolyte in the battery box reacts, under the drive of water pump, make the electrolyte after the reaction flow into the sedimentation tube through the collection flow box, behind the filter screen, with the colloid separation in the electrolyte before the filter screen, electrolyte after the filtration is under the drive of water pump, the circulation flows in the battery box, realizes the dynamic circulation filtration to the colloid in the electrolyte, improves the power supply power of battery.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a dynamic circulation filtering device for electrolyte of a metal-air battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of reference numerals:
1-a settling tank; 2-a water pump; 3-screwing a cover; 4-a settling tube; 5-a combiner box; 6-a battery box; 7-battery cell; 8-boss; 9-a first via; 10-a first fixing plate; 11-a first air electrode plate; 12-an electrolyte reservoir; 13-a second air electrode plate; 14-a second fixing plate; 15-electrolyte inlet; 16-a mixture outlet; 17-metal electrodes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a dynamic circulation filtering device for an electrolyte of a metal-air battery, which is used for circularly filtering colloidal substances generated in the discharging process of the metal-air battery and improving the power supply power.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte includes a battery box 6, a confluence box 5 and a settling box 1, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
a battery box liquid inlet is formed in the top of the battery box 6, and a battery box liquid outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the battery box 6; a confluence box liquid outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the confluence box 5; a confluence box liquid inlet is formed in the upper surface of the confluence box 5; the liquid inlet of the confluence box is positioned right below the liquid outlet of the battery box; the liquid outlet of the battery box is communicated with the liquid inlet of the confluence box; electrolyte in the battery box 6 flows into the confluence box 5 through the battery box liquid outlet and the confluence box liquid inlet.
A water pump 2, a spiral cover 3 and a settling pipe 4 are arranged in the settling tank 1;
4 one end of sedimentation tube through first hose with the collection flow box liquid outlet is connected, the other end with spiral cover 3 is connected.
In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the confluence box 5 is a wedge-shaped groove, so that the electrolyte mixture can be conveniently converged and can flow into the sedimentation pipe 4 through the liquid outlet of the confluence box.
A filter screen is also arranged between the sedimentation pipe 4 and the spiral cover 3; the filter screen is used for filtering colloid generated in the electrolyte.
The spiral cover 3 is provided with a hole; the water inlet of the water pump 2 is connected with the hole through a second hose, and the water outlet of the water pump 2 is connected with the liquid inlet of the battery box through a third hose; the water pump 2 is used for driving the electrolyte to circulate.
A plurality of battery monomers 7 connected in series are arranged in the battery box 6; the structures of a plurality of battery monomers 7 are the same.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the battery cell 7 includes a first fixing plate 10, a first air electrode plate 11, an electrolyte container 12, a second air electrode plate 13, and a second fixing plate 14, which are vertically and parallelly arranged in sequence;
a metal electrode 17 is arranged in the electrolyte container 12; an electrolyte inlet 15 is formed in the top of the electrolyte container 12; a mixture outlet 16 is arranged at the bottom surface of the electrolyte container 12;
the first fixing plate 10 and the second fixing plate 14 are used to fix the first air electrode plate 11, the electrolyte container 12, and the second air electrode plate 13.
The liquid inlet of the confluence box 5 is provided with a plurality of first through holes 9;
the first through holes 9 are all arranged on the upper surface of the combiner box 5;
the number of the first through holes 9 is the same as that of the battery monomers 7, and the first through holes are correspondingly arranged right below each mixture liquid outlet 16.
A sealing ring is arranged between each first through hole 9 and each mixture outlet 16.
The electrolyte inlet 15 of each battery cell 7 is connected through a fourth hose;
and the water outlet of the water pump 2 is connected with the fourth hose through the third hose.
The metal electrode is metal magnesium;
the first air electrode plate 11 and the second air electrode plate 13 are both graphite electrodes.
The edge of the confluence box 5 is provided with a plurality of bosses 8; the battery box 6 and the settling box 1 are respectively provided with a plurality of holes, and the holes are matched with the bosses 8;
a second through hole is formed in the boss 8;
the second through holes are used for screwing bolts to connect the confluence box 5 with the battery box 6 and the settling box 1 respectively.
The water pump 2 is fixed on the inner side wall of the settling tank 1. The front surface of the settling tank 1 is of an open structure, so that the settling pipe 4 can be conveniently detached.
In this embodiment, taking a magnesium air battery as an example, the working process of the device is as follows:
the magnesium fuel cell monomer 7 reaction resultant in the battery box 6 flows into in the collection flow box 5 through the first through-hole of the 5 top surfaces of collection flow box, assemble through the wedge groove of the 5 bottom surfaces of collection flow box again, later flow into the sedimentation tube 4 through the collection flow box liquid outlet, through the filter screen, colloidal substance is by the separation in filter screen the place ahead, electrolyte flows back to each battery monomer 7 in the battery box 6 under the effect of water pump 2 in, realize the dynamic cyclic utilization of electrolyte through this kind of mode, the clearance degree of difficulty of changing the electrode has also been reduced simultaneously, the power supply efficiency of battery is improved.
In this embodiment, the water pump 2 is powered by a plurality of battery cells 7 connected in series.
The water pump 2 is a core element of the device, power parameters of the device need to be accurately calculated, the filtering requirements cannot be met when the power parameters are too small, and energy consumption and heating are increased when the power parameters are too large.
The calculation process of the power of the water pump 2 is as follows:
first calculate the colloid Mg (OH)2For a nominal supply current of I0The electric quantity of one electron of the magnesium-air battery is 1.6 multiplied by 10-9Coulomb, Na ═ 6.022 × 1023Afugadelo constant, the molecular weight of magnesium hydroxide m 58, Mg (OH)2The yield of (A) is:
the flow rate of the water pump 2 is: q is lambdav, wherein lambdav is the filtration coefficient of the filter screen,
obtaining the output pressure of the water pump 2: mu is P ═ mu1Q+μ2And Q, wherein mu 1 is the back pressure coefficient of the filter screen, and mu 2 is the extension resistance coefficient of the system.
The number of the series battery monomers 7 for supplying power to the water pump 2 is determined according to the power of the water pump 2, so that the filtering requirement can be met, and the power consumption is reduced to the minimum.
According to the dynamic circulation filtering device for the metal-air battery electrolyte, after the electrolyte in the battery box 6 reacts, the reacted electrolyte flows into the settling tube 4 through the confluence box 5 under the driving of the water pump 2, the colloid in the electrolyte is blocked in front of the filter screen after passing through the filter screen, and the filtered electrolyte circularly flows into the battery box 6 under the driving of the water pump 2, so that the dynamic circulation filtering of the colloid in the electrolyte is realized, and the power supply power of the battery is improved.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A dynamic circulation filtering device for electrolyte of a metal-air battery is characterized in that,
the dynamic circulation filtering device comprises a battery box, a confluence box and a settling box which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
a battery box liquid inlet is formed in the top of the battery box, and a battery box liquid outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the battery box;
a plurality of battery monomers connected in series are arranged in the battery box; the structures of a plurality of battery monomers are the same;
the battery monomer comprises a first fixing plate, a first air electrode plate, an electrolyte container, a second air electrode plate and a second fixing plate which are vertically arranged in parallel in sequence;
a metal electrode is arranged in the electrolyte container; an electrolyte inlet is formed in the top of the electrolyte container; a mixture liquid outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the electrolyte container;
the first fixing plate and the second fixing plate are used for fixing the first air electrode plate, the electrolyte container and the second air electrode plate;
a confluence box liquid outlet is formed in the bottom surface of the confluence box; a confluence box liquid inlet is formed in the upper surface of the confluence box; the liquid inlet of the confluence box is positioned right below the liquid outlet of the battery box; the liquid outlet of the battery box is communicated with the liquid inlet of the confluence box; electrolyte in the battery box flows into the confluence box through the battery box liquid outlet and the confluence box liquid inlet;
the liquid inlet of the confluence box is provided with a plurality of first through holes;
the first through holes are all arranged on the upper surface of the header box;
the number of the first through holes is the same as that of the battery monomers, and the first through holes are correspondingly arranged under each mixture liquid outlet;
a water pump, a spiral cover and a settling pipe are arranged in the settling tank; the front surface of the settling tank is of an open structure, so that the settling pipe is convenient to disassemble;
one end of the settling tube is connected with the liquid outlet of the confluence box through a first hose, and the other end of the settling tube is connected with the spiral cover;
a filter screen is also arranged between the sedimentation pipe and the spiral cover; the filter screen is used for filtering colloid generated in the electrolyte;
the rotary cover is provided with a hole;
a water inlet of the water pump is connected with the hole through a second hose, and a water outlet of the water pump is connected with a liquid inlet of the battery box through a third hose; the water pump is used for driving the electrolyte to circulate;
the bottom surface of the confluence box is provided with a wedge-shaped groove, so that an electrolyte mixture is convenient to join and flows into the settling tube through the liquid outlet of the confluence box;
the working process of the dynamic circulation filtering device for the electrolyte of the metal-air battery comprises the following steps:
the magnesium fuel cell monomer reaction resultant in the battery box flows into in the collection flow box through the first through-hole of collection flow box top surface, passes through again the wedge groove of collection flow box bottom surface assembles, later flows into the sedimentation tube through collection flow box liquid outlet, through the filter screen, colloidal substance is by the separation in filter screen the place ahead, and electrolyte flows back to each battery monomer in the battery box under the effect of water pump in, realizes the dynamic cyclic utilization of electrolyte through this kind of mode.
2. The dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte according to claim 1,
the water pump is powered by a plurality of the battery cells connected in series.
3. The dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte according to claim 1,
and a sealing ring is arranged between each first through hole and each mixture liquid outlet.
4. The dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte according to claim 1,
the electrolyte inlets of the battery monomers are connected through a fourth hose;
and the water outlet of the water pump is connected with the fourth hose through the third hose.
5. The dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte according to claim 1,
the metal electrode is metal magnesium;
the first air electrode plate and the second air electrode plate are both graphite electrodes.
6. The dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte according to claim 1,
the edge of the confluence box is provided with a plurality of bosses; the battery box and the settling box are respectively provided with a plurality of holes, and the holes are matched with the bosses;
the boss is provided with a second through hole;
the second through hole is used for screwing a bolt to connect the confluence box with the battery box and the settling box respectively.
7. The dynamic circulation filtering device for metal-air battery electrolyte according to claim 1,
the water pump is fixed on the inner side wall of the settling tank.
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| CN111403778B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-06-11 | 北京理工大学 | Open type uninterrupted power supply metal air fuel cell system |
| CN112382775B (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2022-06-07 | 唐山海港经济开发区北京理工大学机械与车辆学院转化研究中心 | Self-sealing metal-air fuel cell with easily fixable cathode |
| CN112542637B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-05-17 | 绿业中试低碳科技（镇江）有限公司 | Aluminum air battery module |
| CN112886102B (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2022-08-16 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Rail vehicle and metal air fuel cell, electrolyte tank and tank cover thereof |
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| CN103022595B (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2015-03-11 | 德阳东深新能源科技有限公司 | High-power aluminum-air battery system |
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| CN103296337A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-09-11 | 台州非常新能源科技有限公司 | A metal-air battery |
| CN108172866A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 萍乡北京理工大学高新技术研究院 | Fuel battery air feed system and control method |
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