CN113685189B - Automatic measuring method for tunnel face excavation deformation - Google Patents
Automatic measuring method for tunnel face excavation deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113685189B CN113685189B CN202110984336.6A CN202110984336A CN113685189B CN 113685189 B CN113685189 B CN 113685189B CN 202110984336 A CN202110984336 A CN 202110984336A CN 113685189 B CN113685189 B CN 113685189B
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloralodol Chemical compound CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000001624 hip Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic measuring method for tunnel face excavation deformation, which comprises the following steps: a plurality of sets of single-eye lamp targets are arranged on a steel arch frame at a working stage of working face excavation, a camera and an industrial personal computer are arranged on a working face excavation lower step and an inverted arch section, and a wireless transmitting module is arranged at a tunnel opening of a tunnel; the automatic deformation measuring method comprises the following steps: three lamp targets are arranged on one steel arch frame; pictures shot by the camera are transmitted to the industrial personal computer through the LORA relay module; the industrial personal computer inputs field construction parameters and processes the pictures to obtain a section coordinate signal; the signal conversion module converts the coordinate signals into wireless data signals, and the wireless data signals are sent to the cloud server through the wireless transmitting module; downloading monitoring data from a cloud server; continuously excavating the tunnel face of the tunnel forwards, and continuously installing the single-eye lamp targets at set intervals; and repeating the previous steps, and remotely monitoring the section deformation of the tunnel face in the actual excavation process in real time. The method has the advantage of accurately measuring the dynamic deformation data of the tunnel surrounding rock.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to an automatic measuring method for tunnel face excavation deformation.
Background
For the excavation construction safety of tunnel engineering, the deformation can most directly reflect the safety state of surrounding rocks. According to the convergence constraint theory, after the tunnel is blasted and excavated, the surrounding rock begins to deform, so that the deformation of the excavated section is measured earlier, and the deformation dynamic information of the surrounding rock can be obtained faster.
At present, the method for measuring the deformation of the tunnel face after excavation mainly comprises point-to-point measurement and point cloud measurement. In the former, three to five target points are mainly installed on the tunnel profile after the tunnel face is excavated, and then the deformation of the profile is calculated according to the coordinate information or relative coordinate information of the target points, and representative methods include a total station, a convergence gauge, a static level gauge and the like. The latter mainly calculates the deformation of the contour by acquiring point cloud information of a large number of tunnel contours after tunnel face excavation and a series of post-processing, and a representative method is a laser scanner. The document CN101608897A discloses a precise rod type convergence meter, which is an accurate, stable, economical and reliable measurement method. The document CN10458069B discloses a tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring method and a detection system thereof, which utilize a laser installed on a stable surrounding rock to measure a photosensitive displacement signal monitor on an unstable surrounding rock. The CN112254637A document discloses a tunnel excavation surface scanning device and a detection method based on multiple fusion data, and three-dimensional point cloud data are collected and processed based on a fixed solid state laser radar.
The target point installed by the method is easy to damage and unstable, the point cloud measuring method is too high in economic cost, is easy to interfere during blasting construction, causes inaccurate measurement, and is not suitable for measurement just after the tunnel face is excavated. This is where the application needs to be focused on.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic tunnel face excavation deformation measuring method for accurately monitoring surrounding rock dynamic deformation data under the condition that a tunnel face is just excavated in real time.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic measuring method for excavation deformation of a tunnel face, which comprises the following steps:
a plurality of sets of single-eye lamp targets are arranged on a steel arch frame of an upper step section of the tunnel face excavation of the tunnel which is just excavated;
the camera is arranged on the tunnel face of the tunnel, excavates the lower step and the inverted arch section and photographs the cross section according to set time;
the industrial personal computer comprises a central processing module, an LORA relay module and a signal conversion module, and is arranged on the tunnel face of the tunnel to dig a lower step and an inverted arch section;
the wireless transmitting module is arranged at the opening of the tunnel;
the automatic deformation measuring method comprises the following steps:
s1: mounting a first set of single-eye lamp targets on a steel arch frame, wherein three lamp targets are mounted on one steel arch frame and are respectively mounted at the arch crown and the arch waists at two sides;
s2: the camera is arranged on the tunnel face of the tunnel to dig a lower step and an inverted arch section, and picture data shot by the camera is transmitted to the central processing module through the LORA relay module;
s3: the industrial personal computer is arranged on a tunnel face excavation lower step and an inverted arch section, the central processing module receives pictures transmitted by the camera, and the pictures are processed through site construction parameters input in advance to obtain a section coordinate signal;
s4: the signal conversion module converts the section coordinate signal in the step S3 into a wireless data signal, and the wireless data signal is sent to a cloud server through a wireless transmitting module;
s5: downloading monitoring data from a cloud server, and performing remote real-time monitoring;
s6: the tunnel face of the tunnel is continuously excavated forwards, and a second set of single-eye lamp targets are continuously installed at intervals of a set distance, so that the first set of single-eye lamp targets and the second set of single-eye lamp targets are ensured to be shot by a camera at the same time;
s7: and (6) repeating the steps S2 to S6, and remotely monitoring the section deformation of the tunnel face in the actual excavation process in real time.
The single-eye lamp target comprises a lamp target, a magnet, a wireless switch and an explosion-proof plate, and the lamp target is rigidly connected with the steel arch frame to provide illumination in the tunnel.
The protection of the single-eye lamp target and the camera is protected outside the single-eye lamp target by a steel bracket or a steel block, and the camera lens and the lamp target surface are protected by transparent explosion-proof glass plates.
The distance between the camera and the rear part of the tunnel face of the tunnel just excavated is 35m +/-10 m.
The invention has the following advantages:
1) The multiple sets of single-eye lamp targets are rigidly connected with the tunnel steel arch frame to provide illumination in the tunnel, and the cameras are about 30m away from the tunnel face of the tunnel, so that dynamic deformation data of tunnel surrounding rock can be accurately measured;
2) The periphery of the single-eye lamp target and the camera is provided with the explosion-proof glass, so that the explosion-proof glass is not influenced by blasting construction, is simple to measure, is safe and high in precision, and is suitable for tunnel face excavation deformation measurement of blasting construction.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
1-monocular lamp target; 2-a camera;
3, an industrial personal computer;
5, a wireless transmitting module; 6-monitoring center;
7-palm surface; 8, excavating a stage;
9-stage of excavating middle platform; and 10, excavating a lower step and an inverted arch section.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an automatic measuring method for tunnel face excavation deformation, which comprises the following steps:
the single-eye lamp targets 1 are arranged on steel arch frames of an excavation upper stage 8 of a tunnel face of a tunnel which is just excavated, and three single-eye lamp targets 1 are arranged on one steel arch frame and are respectively arranged on the arch crown and the arch waists on two sides of the steel arch frame. The single-eye lamp target 1 and the steel arch center are fixedly installed by adopting strong magnets or are fixed by using bolts. The single-eye lamp target 1 automatically emits light to provide illumination for the interior of a tunnel, a 12V rechargeable battery is adopted for power supply, the power is continuously supplied for at least 3 months after the single-eye lamp target 1 is fully charged, the periphery of the single-eye lamp target 1 is surrounded by a steel support, and a transparent explosion-proof plate is arranged on the surface of the lamp target, so that the single-eye lamp target is prevented from being damaged by flying stone impact generated during subsequent tunnel face blasting construction; the single-eye lamp target 1 comprises a lamp target, a magnet, a wireless switch and an explosion-proof plate. The wireless switch is controlled by a central processing module of the industrial personal computer to control the opening and closing time of the single-eye lamp target 1.
The camera 2 is arranged on the excavation lower step and the inverted arch section of the tunnel face, the camera is 30-40 m away from the excavation face 2, the position of the camera 2 is flexibly adjusted according to the step pitch of the field tunnel construction, and the camera 2 and the monocular lamp target 1 are ensured to be shielded by no obstacles. The camera 2 is wrapped by a steel bracket, and the transparent explosion-proof plate is arranged in front of the lens of the camera 2, so that the lens is prevented from being polluted by dust, water and the like on a construction site, the impact of flying stones and the like generated during blasting construction is also prevented, and the transparent explosion-proof plate is convenient to clean frequently.
The industrial personal computer 3 comprises a microprocessor, an LORA repeater and an LORA signal conversion module, the microprocessor receives the pictures transmitted by the camera 2, inputs on-site construction parameters such as distance parameters between the camera 2 and the monocular lamp target 1, carries out a self-calibration method of the camera based on coordinate conversion of a Kruppa equation, and obtains the relative coordinate value of the monocular lamp target 1. The LORA repeater transmits low-frequency signals with an LORA protocol, transmits picture data of the camera to the microprocessor, the microprocessor controls photographing time of the camera 2 through the LORA repeater, and the LORA signal conversion module converts signals transmitted by LORA in the tunnel and transmits the signals to the wireless transmitting module of the tunnel opening.
And the wireless transmitting module transmits the real-time monitoring data to the monitoring center 6 at the tunnel portal.
The method for automatically measuring the excavation deformation of the tunnel face based on the modules comprises the following steps:
s1: numbering a first set of single-eye lamp targets 1, and then installing the first set of single-eye lamp targets on a newly-erected steel arch frame behind the tunnel face of a tunnel which is just excavated, wherein three single-eye lamp targets 1 are installed on one steel arch frame and are respectively installed at the arch crown and the arch waists at two sides;
s2: a fixed camera 2 is installed at a position which is 30m away from the first set of single-eye lamp target 1, and no fixed shielding barrier exists between the camera 2 and the single-eye lamp target 1;
s3: digging a lower step and an inverted arch section on the tunnel face of the tunnel, installing an industrial personal computer, and supplying power to the wiring of the industrial personal computer by utilizing an on-site power supply or installing a distribution box for supplying power; the microprocessor receives the pictures transmitted by the camera 2, presets engineering parameters, such as distance parameters between the camera 2 and the monocular lamp target 1, and performs a self-calibration method of coordinate conversion of the camera based on a Kruppa equation to obtain a relative coordinate value of the monocular lamp target 1; the LORA signal conversion module converts signals transmitted by the LORA in the tunnel and transmits the signals to the wireless transmitting module at the tunnel port;
s4: a wireless transmitting module is installed at a tunnel entrance, and a telephone card is inserted, so that signals transmitted by an LORA in a tunnel can be received, and data signals can be transmitted; in the embodiment, the wireless transmitting module transmits 4G signals and transmits real-time monitoring data to the monitoring center 6;
s5: logging in the corresponding monitoring center 6 by using a remote computer or a mobile phone, downloading monitoring data in the monitoring center 6 and checking the monitoring data in real time to realize remote real-time monitoring;
s6: the tunnel face is excavated forwards continuously according to the arrow direction in fig. 1, and in this embodiment, the second set of one-eye lamp targets 1 is installed continuously every 5m, so that the camera 2 can shoot the first set of one-eye lamp targets 1 and the second set of one-eye lamp targets 1 simultaneously;
s7: and (6) repeating the steps S3 to S6, and remotely monitoring the section deformation of the tunnel face in the actual excavation process in real time to obtain the deformation dynamic information of the surrounding rock.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. An automatic measuring method for tunnel face excavation deformation comprises the following steps:
a plurality of sets of single-eye lamp targets are arranged on a steel arch frame of an upper step section of the tunnel face excavation of the tunnel which is just excavated; the single-eye lamp target comprises a lamp target, a magnet, a wireless switch and an explosion-proof plate, and the lamp target is rigidly connected with the steel arch center; the wireless switch is controlled by a central processing module of the industrial personal computer and controls the on-off time of the single-eye lamp target;
the camera is arranged on the tunnel face excavation lower step and the inverted arch section, is 35m +/-10 m away from the rear part of the tunnel face which is just excavated, and photographs the cross section according to set time;
the industrial personal computer comprises a central processing module, an LORA relay module and a signal conversion module, and is arranged on the tunnel face of the tunnel to dig a lower step and an inverted arch section;
the wireless transmitting module is arranged at the opening of the tunnel;
the automatic deformation measuring method comprises the following steps:
s1: mounting a first set of single-eye lamp targets on a steel arch frame, and mounting three lamp targets on one steel arch frame, wherein the three lamp targets are respectively mounted at the arch top and the arch waists at two sides;
s2: the cameras are arranged on the excavated lower steps and inverted arch sections of the tunnel face, and picture data shot by the cameras is transmitted to the central processing module through the LORA relay module;
s3: the industrial personal computer is arranged on a tunnel face excavation lower step and an inverted arch section, the central processing module receives pictures transmitted by the camera, and a self-calibration method of coordinate conversion of the camera based on a Kruppa equation is carried out through a distance parameter between the camera and the monocular lamp target which is input in advance to obtain a relative coordinate value of the monocular lamp target;
s4: the LORA relay module transmits picture data of a camera to the central processing module, the central processing module controls the photographing time of the camera through the LORA relay module, the signal conversion module converts signals transmitted by the LORA in the tunnel and transmits the signals to the wireless transmitting module of the tunnel portal, and the wireless transmitting module transmits real-time monitoring data to the cloud server at the tunnel portal;
s5: downloading monitoring data from a cloud server, and performing remote real-time monitoring;
s6: the tunnel face of the tunnel is continuously excavated forwards, and a second set of single-eye lamp targets are continuously installed at intervals of a set distance, so that the first set of single-eye lamp targets and the second set of single-eye lamp targets are ensured to be shot by a camera at the same time;
s7: repeating the step S2 to the step S6, and remotely monitoring the section deformation of the tunnel face in the actual excavation process in real time to obtain deformation dynamic information of the surrounding rock;
the protection of the single-eye lamp target and the camera is protected outside the single-eye lamp target by a steel bracket or a steel block, and the camera lens and the lamp target surface are protected by transparent explosion-proof glass plates.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110984336.6A CN113685189B (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | Automatic measuring method for tunnel face excavation deformation |
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| CN202110984336.6A CN113685189B (en) | 2021-08-25 | 2021-08-25 | Automatic measuring method for tunnel face excavation deformation |
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| CN113685189B true CN113685189B (en) | 2023-02-17 |
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| CN115370417B (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2024-02-23 | 北京交通大学 | Method and device for testing extrusion deformation of tunnel face |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20180038683A1 (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-02-08 | Tongji University | System for quickly detecting tunnel deformation |
| CN109707452A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-05-03 | 四川省交通运输厅交通勘察设计研究院 | A kind of remote operating system for tunnel tunnel face Grades of Surrounding Rock intelligent decision |
| CN109839073A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-04 | 上海数久信息科技有限公司 | A kind of the tunnel convergence deformation detection method and system of view-based access control model image |
| CN111473734A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-31 | 同济大学 | System and method for monitoring stability of clamped rock in small-clear-distance tunnel |
| CN112556600A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-03-26 | 南京派光智慧感知信息技术有限公司 | Tunnel deformation real-time monitoring method and device |
-
2021
- 2021-08-25 CN CN202110984336.6A patent/CN113685189B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20180038683A1 (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-02-08 | Tongji University | System for quickly detecting tunnel deformation |
| CN109707452A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-05-03 | 四川省交通运输厅交通勘察设计研究院 | A kind of remote operating system for tunnel tunnel face Grades of Surrounding Rock intelligent decision |
| CN109839073A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2019-06-04 | 上海数久信息科技有限公司 | A kind of the tunnel convergence deformation detection method and system of view-based access control model image |
| CN111473734A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-07-31 | 同济大学 | System and method for monitoring stability of clamped rock in small-clear-distance tunnel |
| CN112556600A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-03-26 | 南京派光智慧感知信息技术有限公司 | Tunnel deformation real-time monitoring method and device |
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Inventor after: Xie Xiongyao Inventor after: Xu Jinfeng Inventor after: Zhou Biao Inventor after: Zhou Yingxin Inventor before: Xie Xiongyao Inventor before: Zhou Biao Inventor before: Xu Jinfeng Inventor before: Zhou Yingxin |
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