CN105592294B - A kind of monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group - Google Patents
A kind of monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group Download PDFInfo
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- CN105592294B CN105592294B CN201410563282.6A CN201410563282A CN105592294B CN 105592294 B CN105592294 B CN 105592294B CN 201410563282 A CN201410563282 A CN 201410563282A CN 105592294 B CN105592294 B CN 105592294B
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Abstract
The present invention provides the monitoring systems that a kind of VSP excites big gun group, belong to geophysical exploration on-site supervision field.The monitoring system of VSP excitation big gun groups includes front end photographic device, data transmission system, image geometry correction module, image joint module, complex control system, terminal display screen and computer；VSP excitation big gun group's field condition shootings are become analog video signal by the front end photographic device；The analog video signal that the front end photographic device obtains is transferred to the image geometry and corrects module by the data transmission system；The image geometry corrects module and is handled analog video signal to obtain the earth's surface digital orthoimage of real time inversion, is then transmitted to image joint module；The image joint module completes the splicing of image by the two-dimensional displacement of direction in length and breadth image and overlapping corresponding image points.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geophysical exploration on-site supervision fields, and in particular to a kind of monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group,
It is applied to VSP well loggings construction site.It is carried out at the same time in bull setting, and under the special scene of dangerous product operation, it can be with
Provide an instant geographical space scene in VSP excitation big gun groups scene.
Background technology
VSP (Vertical Seismic Profiling), i.e. vertical seismic profiling (VSP), are a kind of seismic observation systems, it
It is corresponding with the seismic profile of usual ground observation.Vertical seismic profiling (VSP) method is to excite earthquake on some points of adjacent ground surface
Wave is observed on some the multistage multicomponent geophone stations arranged along wellhole different depth.The observed pattern of VSP is led at present
There are zero well constraint inversion (zero bias), non-zero well constraint inversion (non-zero bias), WALKAWAY, 3D-VSP etc..With the seismic profile of ground observation
Compare, the ground VSP shot point is concentrated, and range is big, in groups shape, i.e., big gun group excites, and safe condition is more difficult to control.VSP on-site supervisions,
Emphasis is the on-site supervision for exciting big gun group.Fig. 1 is zero bias and non-zero bias seismic observation system ground schematic diagram.
The on-site supervision of conventional VSP engineerings, is substantially completed by human eye.The site safety of shot point, prescribe medicine wiring,
Situation etc. is excited to be transmitted to the instrument cab of VSP data acquisition centers by radio station.Gunner is in excitation far from 50 meters of shot hole
More than, in hypsography or woods City Regions visual angle smaller, it is necessary to draw warning line on a large scale, blow the alert whistle and run back and forth, prompt
Close to the safety of the motive objects of shot point.When big gun group excites, the range bigger that shot point involves, staff has to run around all the time wears him out, seriously
It influences working efficiency and there are security risks.
In present VSP teams, some places probe in the different location of shot point, since range is big, does not carry out more mirrors
Head splicing, cannot completely observe the panorama within the scope of entire big gun group, and be difficult to distinguish that position and north on the spot are directed toward.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned problem existing in the prior art, a kind of prison of VSP excitations big gun group is provided
Control system, can be in the construction of VSP Well Logging Engineerings, the situation within the scope of dynamic monitoring excitation big gun group, real time inversion earth's surface scene
Orthography.Northern direction-pointing function can be arranged in image.Pass through monitoring system display terminal, it can be seen that each different location image warp
Cross effect seamless spliced after correcting so that project team technical staff and administrative staff can intuitively monitor excitation big gun group space
Overall picture improves working efficiency to reduce accident.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group, including front end photographic device, data transmission system, image geometry are corrected
Module, image joint module, complex control system, terminal display screen and computer；
VSP excitation big gun group's field condition shootings are become analog video signal by the front end photographic device；
It is several that the analog video signal that the front end photographic device obtains is transferred to the image by the data transmission system
What corrects module；
The earth's surface number that the image geometry correction module is handled to obtain real time inversion to analog video signal is just being penetrated
Then image is transmitted to image joint module；
The image joint module completes the spelling of image by the two-dimensional displacement of direction in length and breadth image and overlapping corresponding image points
It connects；
The complex control system realizes that the computer entangles front end photographic device, data transmission system, image geometry
The control including interface, communications protocol, input and output just between module, image joint module；
The terminal display screen converts digital data into analog signal and is shown on a display screen.
The front end photographic device includes video camera, zoom lens, high-precision GPS receiver, control point；
Field condition shooting is become analog video signal by the camera by in-built CCD and auxiliary circuit, through coaxial
Cable or wireless transmission；
The high-precision GPS receiver measures the three-dimensional coordinate of camera, the spatial data as video recording analysis；
Focal length value can be arranged in the zoom lens and high-precision is focused；
It focuses as zoom lens at the control point.
Refractive body is set on the control point, improves the focusing precision of video camera.
The front end photographic device further comprises temperature sensor, humidity sensor, holder, protective cover and decoder；
The temperature sensor, humidity sensor are used to detect temperature, the humidity in environment；
The holder realizes the horizontal and vertical adjustment of shooting angle for installing camera；
Camera and zoom lens are arranged in the protective cover；
The decoder can be realized using microcomputer interface by software control zoom lens, holder.
The data transmission system includes video distributor, distributes for video counts group, is shot with video-corder to front end photographic device
Image carries out real-time Transmission.
The image geometry corrects module by camera parameter, the GPS antenna three-dimensional coordinate of high-precision GPS receiver and control
The three-dimensional coordinate of system point is obtained in real time as input by the deformation of Spatial analytic geometry remedial frames, proportional zoom and north orientation pointer
The earth's surface digital orthoimage of inverting.
Front end photographic device is laid on four angles that VSP excites group's big gun, four group images of acquisition are equipped between each other
30 percent lap controls the region of same place when as search image joint；Four group images are synchronized to be counted to backstage
Calculation machine transmission data.
Described image concatenation module finds the same place between adjacent image and is directed at image same place, by two-dimensional vertical
Transverse direction displacement image, overlapping corresponding image points, complete the splicing of image.
Image same place is directed at using the Image registration of feature based or the Image registration based on gray scale；It is based on when using
The contrast acutance of video is turned up on time in image feature, improves the speed for judging the areas excitation Bao Qun characteristic point；When based on image ash
Degree reduces video sharpness, gray-level is made to increase on time, and registration is more accurate.
The terminal display screen includes acquisition instrument vehicle monitor screen, well site CEO monitor screens and official's QHSE monitor screen.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1, this system monitors big gun group using more camera lenses, and range is big, avoids the landform dead angle of single-lens monitoring.
2, by aerial geometrical analysis method, change central projection corrects the length deformation of picture, unified video into orthogonal projection
Display scale between image makes more lens videos integrally show that picture entirety sense is strong, and image has northern orientating function.
3, in oil exploration field data acquisition, earthquake stimulation is related to many safety factors.It logs well in VSP live, big gun
There are the condition and necessity of video monitoring in group area.For the present invention by the video analog signals of more camera lenses, the areas VSP Bao Qun of inverting are true
The orthography of shape on the spot provides the powerful measure of monitoring for field data collection instrument cab, well site CEO and official QHSE.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 VSP observation system distribution on ground schematic diagrames
Fig. 2 VSP excite big gun group's monitoring system schematic diagram
The flow chart that Fig. 3 image geometries are corrected
The flow chart of Fig. 4 image joint modules
The operation workflow of Fig. 5 VSP big gun group's monitoring systems
Specific implementation mode
Present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Excite big gun group, refer to VSP observed pattern in zero well constraint inversion (zero bias), non-zero well constraint inversion (non-zero bias) ground swash
The array shot hole of hair.The size of array according to the observation distance of well section, downhole receiving point away from three-component geophone in well
Depending on quantity.
1, the composition of the monitoring system at the scenes VSP
The monitoring system at the scenes VSP corrects module by front end photographic device, data transmission system, image geometry, image is spelled
The compositions such as connection module, complex control system, terminal display screen, computer, as shown in Fig. 2, specific as follows：
1), front end photographic device.Include mainly camera, mating high-precision GPS receiver, zoom lens, humiture biography
Sensor, holder, protective cover, decoder etc..Field condition shooting is become simulation by in-built CCD and auxiliary circuit and regarded by camera
Frequency signal, through coaxial cable or wireless transmission.High-precision GPS receiver measures the three-dimensional coordinate of seat in the plane, as video recording analysis
Spatial data.Focal length value can be arranged in zoom lens and high-precision is focused.Temperature, humidity in the detectable environment of temperature and relative humidity,
To ensure internal good physical environment.Holder, protective cover provide suitable working environment to video camera and camera lens, and can be real
The horizontal and vertical adjustment of existing shooting angle.Decoder is the core equipment of holder, lens control, can be realized using micro- by it
Machine interface is by software control camera lens, holder.
2), data transmission system：Video distributor is distributed for video counts group.Zero bias big gun group acquires from VSP instrument and equipments
Vehicle is closer, is transmitted using coaxial cable；3 kilometers from VSP instrument and equipments collecting vehicle or so of non-zero bias big gun group, is passed using wireless mode
It is defeated.Transmission section requires to carry out real-time Transmission to the image that front-end camera is shot with video-corder, while transmission being required to have loss small, reliably
Transmission quality.
3), geometric rectification of imagery module, this is the key component of VSP monitoring systems.No. 1, No. 2, No. 3, No. 4 of big gun group's point
Video camera point (in actual use, can be arranged as required to more or fewer video camera points, but general 4 are to optimize)
Position respectively one high-precision GPS receiver of configuration, and control point there are one corresponding grounds, is used as video camera and focuses.Camera point and control
System point all has accurately three-dimensional coordinate.In the case where focal length of camera determines, the size and geometry deformation of taken the photograph image are
Determining.Camera parameters, GPS antenna three-dimensional coordinate and control point three-dimensional coordinate are inputted by computer software control module,
As initiation parameter.After system starts, four road real time analogue signals of video camera enter acquisition channel by video distributor, and by
Proprietary technology enters computer processing system after being converted into numerical data.Computer-processing software is (aerial by Spatial analytic geometry
Analytic method is exactly to express some unknown quantity with being entirely the formula of known quantity.It is usually asked with known control point coordinates in measurement
Solution deformation, error and front and back plotted point position, to the air position before inverting deformation) remedial frames deformation, proportional zoom
And north orientation pointer, obtain the earth's surface digital orthoimage of real time inversion.Four groups of camera shootings are laid on four angles that VSP excites group's big gun
Machine (including high-precision GPS receiver and ground control point), four group images are equipped with 30 percent lap between each other,
The region of characteristic point of the same name is controlled when as search image joint.Four group images are synchronized to background computer transmission data.Flow
Block diagram such as Fig. 3.
4), image mosaic module.It is (also known as of the same name that the splicing emphasis of image seeks to the same place found between adjacent image
Characteristic point, corresponding image points refer to the point for having obvious characteristic on ground, and all existing on adjacent image is characteristic point of the same name).
By the two-dimensional displacement of direction in length and breadth image, it is overlapped corresponding image points, completes the splicing of image.Be aligned image same place process this
In cry for the time being it be Image registration.The process of Image registration is more complicated, and there are two types of the algorithms mainly used：
(1), the Image registration of feature based.Its basic thought is：First in the adjacent image of certain feature extraction point,
Line, face；Then parameter description is carried out to the feature extracted；It is finally to be searched according to progress characteristic point of the same name with the parameter value of feature
Rope then obtains corresponding image points.The major advantage of this method is：It can be realized, and be gone out with a kind of quick algorithm
It is wrong and to lose relevant possibility smaller.Main deficiency is that the precision of registration is relatively low, related for essence usually as a kind of just correlation
Initial value is provided.
(2), the Image registration based on gray scale.It is mainly characterized by：Based on the zonule waited for where reference point
Image greyscale determines adjacent corresponding image points.Assuming that above having a target point in left picture, an appropriately sized picture is taken centered on it
The target area of element, the central pixel of target area is target point.The overlapping region of right picture is divided into several search sub-districts, according to
It is left as upper target point, by comparing the intensity profile of each sub-district and target area, and correlation values are calculated, when correlation values take
When maximum, it may be determined that the same place of left and right image.Flow diagram is as shown in Figure 4.
5), complex control system：Complex control system be background computer control interface between each system and module,
The software and hardware technology of communications protocol, input and output etc..Technology requirement：Data exchange is smooth, Lothrus apterus between interface.
6), terminal display screen converts digital data into analog signal and shows on a display screen, and technology requires field thus
General technology standard.Terminal display screen includes acquisition instrument vehicle monitor screen, well site CEO monitor screens and official QHSE in Fig. 2
Monitor screen.
7), computer (i.e. terminal computer control in Fig. 2).The all-purpose computer of operation operating system that can be smooth.
Image processing software, system controlling software, interface card and drive software, big capacity hard disk etc. are installed on computer.
2, VSP excites the operation workflow of big gun group's monitoring system as shown in figure 5, including the following steps：
(1) it checks equipment power supply, checks the connection status of each system module；
(2) console adjusts the direction of camera, makes the highlighted mark in focus alignment control point, reads focal length；
(3) by the GPS coordinate of camera, control point coordinates and focal length value input parameter window, system is initialized；
(4) background computer software corrects video distortion.If orographic condition causes image deletion, camera is adjusted
Position；
(5) software systems fast algorithm determines that adjacent image same place or exact algorithm determine adjacent image same place；
(6) measurement image scale and northern pointer, two-dimensional directional displacement make adjacent image same place Image registration；
(7) VSP groups of four camera lens one orthographies of big gun are just aobvious, debug, test acquisition.
3, the measure that quality monitoring is taken is improved
1), four camera points of big gun group are located at four angles as possible, increase monitoring range.
2) overlapping percentages for, increasing adjacent image, are conducive to the selection of characteristic point of the same name.
3) refractive body, is preset on control point, improves the focusing precision of video camera.
4) image feature, is based on on time, the contrast acutance of video is turned up, and improves the speed for judging the areas excitation Bao Qun characteristic point
Degree；Based on image greyscale on time, video sharpness is reduced, gray-level is made to increase, registration is more accurate.
The monitoring system of the VSP excitation big gun groups of the present invention is corrected by front end photographic device, data transmission system, image geometry
The compositions such as module, image joint module, complex control system, terminal display screen, computer.According to video camera GPS three-dimensional coordinates,
VSP excites the focal length of the three-dimensional coordinate and video camera of big gun group region Control point, and photographic image is corrected with aerial analytic method
Geometry deformation；Using the characteristic point of the same name of adjacent camera image overlap part, keep two width images seamless spliced, obtains complete
The orthography in the areas Qun Bao.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is one embodiment of the present invention, for those skilled in the art, at this
On the basis of disclosure of the invention application process and principle, it is easy to make various types of improvement or deformation, be not limited solely to this
Invent method described in above-mentioned specific implementation mode, therefore previously described mode is only preferred, and and without limitation
The meaning of property.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group, it is characterised in that：The monitoring system of the VSP excitations big gun group includes front end
Photographic device, data transmission system, image geometry correct module, image joint module, complex control system, terminal display screen and
Computer；
VSP excitation big gun group's field condition shootings are become analog video signal by the front end photographic device；
The analog video signal that the front end photographic device obtains is transferred to the image geometry and entangled by the data transmission system
Positive module；
The image geometry corrects module and is handled analog video signal to obtain the earth's surface digital orthoimage of real time inversion,
Then it is transmitted to image joint module；
The image joint module completes the splicing of image by the two-dimensional displacement of direction in length and breadth image and overlapping corresponding image points；
The complex control system realizes that the computer corrects mould to front end photographic device, data transmission system, image geometry
The control including interface, communications protocol, input and output between block, image joint module；
The terminal display screen converts digital data into analog signal and is shown on a display screen；
Wherein, the front end photographic device includes video camera, zoom lens, high-precision GPS receiver, control point；
Field condition shooting is become analog video signal by the camera by in-built CCD and auxiliary circuit, through coaxial cable
Or wireless transmission；
The high-precision GPS receiver measures the three-dimensional coordinate of camera, the spatial data as video recording analysis；The varifocal mirror
Focal length value can be arranged in head and high-precision is focused；
It focuses as zoom lens at the control point.
2. the monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is arranged on the control point
Refractive body improves the focusing precision of video camera.
3. the monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The front end photographic device into
One step includes temperature sensor, humidity sensor, holder, protective cover and decoder；
The temperature sensor, humidity sensor are used to detect temperature, the humidity in environment；
The holder realizes the horizontal and vertical adjustment of shooting angle for installing camera；
Camera and zoom lens are arranged in the protective cover；
The decoder can be realized using microcomputer interface by software control zoom lens, holder.
4. the monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The data transmission system packet
Video distributor is included, is distributed for video counts group, real-time Transmission is carried out to the image that front end photographic device is shot with video-corder.
5. the monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The image geometry corrects mould
Block leads to using the three-dimensional coordinate of camera parameter, the GPS antenna three-dimensional coordinate of high-precision GPS receiver and control point as input
The deformation of Spatial analytic geometry remedial frames, proportional zoom and north orientation pointer are crossed, the earth's surface digital orthoimage of real time inversion is obtained.
6. the monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Four of group's big gun are excited in VSP
Lay front end photographic device on angle, four group images of acquisition are equipped with 30 percent lap between each other, as searching
The region of same place is controlled when rope image joint；Four group images are synchronized to background computer transmission data.
7. the monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The image joint module is looked for
To the same place between adjacent image and it is directed at image same place, passes through the two-dimensional displacement of direction in length and breadth image, overlapping picture of the same name
Point completes the splicing of image.
8. the monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Image same place is directed to use
The Image registration of feature based or Image registration based on gray scale；Match on time when using based on image feature, video is turned up
Contrast acutance improves the speed for judging the areas excitation Bao Qun characteristic point；When based on image greyscale, on time, video sharpness is reduced, is made
Gray-level increases, and registration is more accurate.
9. the monitoring system of VSP excitations big gun group according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The terminal display screen includes
Acquisition instrument vehicle monitor screen, well site CEO monitor screens and official's QHSE monitor screen.
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| CN107870347A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-03 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Vertical seismic profiling (VSP) zero bias excite the automatic recognition system of big gun group |
| GB2561329A (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2018-10-17 | Gaist Solutions Ltd | Method and system for creating images |
| CN112215739A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-12 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Orthographic projection image file processing method and device for AutoCAD and storage medium |
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| CN101709964A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-05-19 | 长江三峡勘测研究院有限公司（武汉） | Large-scale grotto instrument-measuring imaging visual geological recording method |
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| CN102510475A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | Automobile panoramic imaging device and method based on infrared calibration |
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| EP1234278B1 (en) * | 1999-08-20 | 2009-12-02 | Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem | System and method for rectified mosaicing of images recorded by a moving camera |
| WO2002090887A2 (en) * | 2001-05-04 | 2002-11-14 | Vexcel Imaging Gmbh | Digital camera for and method of obtaining overlapping images |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101709964A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-05-19 | 长江三峡勘测研究院有限公司（武汉） | Large-scale grotto instrument-measuring imaging visual geological recording method |
| CN101893443A (en) * | 2010-07-08 | 2010-11-24 | 上海交通大学 | System for manufacturing road digital orthophoto map |
| CN102510475A (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-06-20 | 上海交通大学 | Automobile panoramic imaging device and method based on infrared calibration |
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