CN113684839B - Excavation and support method for deep and narrow pipe trench under complex conditions - Google Patents
Excavation and support method for deep and narrow pipe trench under complex conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN113684839B CN113684839B CN202111043739.7A CN202111043739A CN113684839B CN 113684839 B CN113684839 B CN 113684839B CN 202111043739 A CN202111043739 A CN 202111043739A CN 113684839 B CN113684839 B CN 113684839B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/06—Foundation trenches ditches or narrow shafts
- E02D17/08—Bordering or stiffening the sides of ditches trenches or narrow shafts for foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
- E02F5/00—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes
- E02F5/02—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches
- E02F5/10—Dredgers or soil-shifting machines for special purposes for digging trenches or ditches with arrangements for reinforcing trenches or ditches; with arrangements for making or assembling conduits or for laying conduits or cables
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil and municipal engineering, and particularly relates to a method for excavating and supporting a deep and narrow pipe ditch under complex conditions. The construction process flow comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of status quo investigation, pit detection excavation, pipe ditch excavation, determination of reserved ridge parameters, reserved ridge excavation construction and pipe ditch supporting completion. The invention can realize the rapid construction of the deep and narrow pipe trench on the premise of ensuring the quality of the excavation and support of the deep and narrow pipe trench, and is beneficial to saving the construction period and reducing the construction cost investment. The method is particularly suitable for the excavation and support construction of the deep and narrow pipe ditches, and the construction method for excavation and support of the deep and narrow pipe ditches is optimized and adjusted according to design under the condition that the quality requirement is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of civil and municipal engineering, and particularly relates to a method for excavating and supporting a deep and narrow pipe ditch under complex conditions.
Background
A conventional deep and narrow pipe ditch excavating and supporting method comprises the following steps: under the condition that the field is not limited, the mechanical excavation can be carried out, and the excavation is carried out by adopting a step method or a method of directly putting a slope, as shown in figures 1 and 2; the excavation and support method has the following defects:
(1) the completion of the work load is large:
(2) the quantity of earth and stone external transportation projects is large;
(3) leading to increased engineering costs;
under the condition of limited space, the deep and narrow pipe communication is excavated by manpower, and a supporting plate or other forms are adopted for supporting in the excavating process, as shown in fig. 3;
the excavation and support method has the following defects:
(1) the volume of excavated earth and stone is large;
(2) the construction progress is slow;
(3) the supporting engineering quantity is large;
(4) the construction cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for excavating and supporting a deep and narrow pipe trench. Particularly, the method is suitable for constructing sewage pipe networks, water supply pipe networks and the like in dense residential areas, limited spaces and parts with abundant underground water; the construction method adopts a deep narrow pipe ditch excavating and supporting method, and the excavating and supporting in the construction method adopts a method of reserving ridges of earth for supporting, which is essentially different from the traditional deep narrow pipe ditch excavating and supporting method. The following problems are solved:
(1) the excavation work amount is reduced;
(2) a reserved earth ridge is adopted as a support form of the deep and narrow pipe trench;
(3) the excavation and supporting quality of the pipe trench can be ensured;
(4) the operation is convenient and simple, and the rapid construction is realized on the premise of ensuring the safety and the quality;
(5) the process optimization of excavation and supporting of the deep and narrow pipe ditches is realized, the construction cost is reduced, the construction speed is accelerated, and the construction period is saved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for excavating and supporting a deep and narrow pipe ditch comprises the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) status quo investigation, wherein investigation is firstly carried out on a deep and narrow pipe trench construction part through a construction drawing to find out the existing underground pipelines and other embedded equipment; determining whether the position of the pipeline designed by the current drawing is reasonable or not and whether the pipeline needs to be adjusted or not; residents in construction areas are dense, not only are complicated underground pipelines, but also structures such as inspection wells, entrance wells, septic tanks and the like are arranged in disorder, during field investigation, the underground pipelines of all the structures such as the inspection wells, the entrance wells, the septic tanks and the like in the construction areas need to be investigated and counted, the constructed pipelines can be ensured to bypass or pass through the existing pipelines, and the control is taken as the key point for smoothly implementing pipe ditch construction;
(2) then, the pipe trench of the section of area is excavated manually, earth ridges are reserved directly for supporting, the supporting distance is determined according to on-site geological conditions, the reserved earth ridge distance is 1.0-2.0m, the reserved earth ridge width is 0.5-1.5m, holes are formed in the bottoms of the reserved earth ridges before pipelines are laid, the pipelines can penetrate through the holes, the construction method is adopted for excavating the deep and narrow pipe trenches, construction is convenient, simple and rapid, the excavation amount is small, the construction speed can be accelerated, and the construction period and the cost are saved;
(3) the excavation of the pipe trench is determined according to the actual conditions of the site, the depth, the width and the slope ratio of the pipe trench, pre-buried underground pipelines, reserved channels of densely populated areas, existing inspection wells, entrance wells, septic tanks and other factors, the reserved ridge support pipe trench is also related to the factors, and the factors are determined and a reasonable scheme is determined before construction;
(4) by adopting the method for excavating and supporting the deep and narrow pipe trench in the unrestricted space, excavated earth and stone can be stacked at the wide parts at two sides, and after backfilling is finished, redundant earth and stone are flattened and compacted at the upper part and two sides of the pipe trench, so that excessive earth and stone are prevented from being transported outside, and cost increase and environmental pollution are avoided;
(5) the method is adopted for excavating and supporting the deep and narrow pipe ditches in the limited space, so that the excavating and outward transportation amount of earth and stones can be reduced, the construction cost can be saved, and the construction cost cannot be increased.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, according to the actual situation on site, the construction method is optimized and adjusted by combining the built deep and narrow pipe ditches at home and abroad on the premise of ensuring the construction quality of the deep and narrow pipe ditches, the rapid excavation and support of the deep and narrow pipe ditches can be realized on the premise of ensuring the support quality and safety of the deep and narrow pipe ditches, and the construction period is saved and the engineering investment is reduced.
The construction method adopts a construction process of reserving the earth ridges as the pipe ditch supports, and in the process of excavating the deep and narrow pipe ditches, the reasonable space and width of the reserved earth ridges are determined according to the geology of the deep and narrow pipe ditches and other various conditions, so that the excavation and support quality of the deep and narrow pipe ditches is ensured.
The invention can realize the rapid construction of the deep and narrow pipe trench on the premise of ensuring the quality of the excavation and support of the deep and narrow pipe trench, and is beneficial to saving the construction period and reducing the construction cost investment. The invention is particularly suitable for the excavation and support construction of the deep and narrow pipe ditches, carries out optimization and adjustment on the construction method of the excavation and support of the deep and narrow pipe ditches according to design under the condition of ensuring to meet the quality requirement, and has the following remarkable effects:
(1) the construction method is simple and convenient to operate;
(2) the construction quality can be ensured, and the construction progress is accelerated;
(3) the original construction method is optimized, and the construction cost is saved;
(4) the influence on the environmental damage is reduced to the maximum extent;
(5) the influence on the environmental pollution is reduced to the maximum extent.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, with reference to the following drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a conventional excavation and supporting method.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional excavation and support method.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a conventional supporting plate.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of the present invention performing trench excavation.
FIG. 5 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments of the deep and narrow pipe trench in the construction site.
For the excavation and supporting method of the deep and narrow pipe trench, the excavation and supporting construction is usually carried out at home and abroad by adopting a supporting plate and a support or adopting a steel sheet pile as the support, although the excavation quality of the pipe trench can be ensured, the excavation and the supporting are carried out in the excavation process, the construction progress is slow, and the construction cost is high.
The principle of the construction method is different from the construction principle of the prior deep and narrow pipe trench, the prior deep and narrow pipe trench construction generally adopts steel sheet piles or supporting plates for protection, and the construction method adopted by the project directly utilizes earth and stone in the prior deep and narrow pipe trench as reserved earth ridges for pipe trench support, so that the investment of the supporting plates or steel sheet piles for supporting cost is reduced.
The construction process flow comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of status quo investigation, pit detection excavation, pipe ditch excavation, determination of reserved ridge parameters, reserved ridge excavation construction and pipe ditch supporting completion.
A method for excavating and supporting a deep and narrow pipe ditch comprises the following steps:
(1) performing current situation investigation, namely surveying at a deep and narrow pipe trench construction part through a construction drawing to find out the existing underground pipelines and other embedded equipment; determining whether the position of the pipeline designed by the current drawing is reasonable or not and whether the pipeline needs to be adjusted or not; residents in construction areas are dense, not only are complicated underground pipelines, but also structures such as inspection wells, entrance wells, septic tanks and the like are arranged in disorder, during field investigation, the underground pipelines of all the structures such as the inspection wells, the entrance wells, the septic tanks and the like in the construction areas need to be investigated and counted, the constructed pipelines can be ensured to bypass or pass through the existing pipelines, and the control is taken as the key point for smoothly implementing pipe ditch construction;
(2) then, the pipe trench of the section of area is excavated manually, earth banks are reserved directly for supporting, the supporting distance is determined according to the field geological conditions, the reserved earth bank distance is 1.0-2.0m, the reserved earth bank width is 0.5-1.5m, holes are formed in the bottoms of the reserved earth banks before the pipelines are laid, the pipelines can penetrate through the holes, the construction method is adopted for excavating deep and narrow pipe trenches, the construction is convenient, simple and rapid, the excavation amount is less, the construction speed can be accelerated, and the construction period and the cost can be saved;
(3) the excavation of the pipe trench is determined according to the actual conditions of the site, the depth, the width and the slope ratio of the pipe trench, pre-buried underground pipelines, reserved channels of densely populated areas, existing inspection wells, entrance wells, septic tanks and other factors, the reserved ridge support pipe trench is also related to the factors, and the factors are determined and a reasonable scheme is determined before construction;
(4) by adopting the method for excavating and supporting the deep and narrow pipe trench in the unrestricted space, excavated earth and stone can be stacked at the wide parts at two sides, and after backfilling is finished, redundant earth and stone are flattened and compacted at the upper part and two sides of the pipe trench, so that excessive earth and stone are prevented from being transported outside, and cost increase and environmental pollution are avoided;
(5) the method is adopted for excavating and supporting the deep and narrow pipe ditches in the limited space, so that the excavating and outward transportation amount of earth and stones can be reduced, the construction cost can be saved, and the construction cost cannot be increased.
As shown in fig. 4, pipe ditches are excavated, the space and the width of the reserved soil ridges are determined according to geological conditions, next, a next section of pipe ditch is excavated by skipping the reserved soil ridges, holes are formed at the bottoms of the reserved soil ridges again, and a pipeline penetrates through the bottom, so that the effect shown in the upper drawing is finally achieved.
According to the invention, according to the actual situation on site, the construction method is optimized and adjusted by combining the built deep and narrow pipe ditches at home and abroad on the premise of ensuring the construction quality of the deep and narrow pipe ditches, the rapid excavation and support of the deep and narrow pipe ditches can be realized on the premise of ensuring the support quality and safety of the deep and narrow pipe ditches, and the construction period is saved and the engineering investment is reduced.
Description of the drawings:
A. and (3) status quo investigation: because some underground pipelines have no detailed drawings, are unknown frequently and cannot judge risks in the construction process, the current situation investigation is particularly important;
B. and (3) pit excavation: according to the result of the current situation investigation, reasonably arranging a pit at the excavation part of the pipe trench to determine whether underground pipelines and other embedded parts exist, so that the problem actually existing in the actual excavation process of the pipe trench is solved conveniently;
C. pipe trench excavation: determining the form of pipe trench excavation and the spacing of reserved earth ridge supports according to the actual geological condition of the site;
D. determining parameters of the reserved soil banks: the reserved soil ridges are determined according to the actual geological condition of the pipe trench excavation, the supporting distance of the soil ridges in a hard soil section can be properly widened to 1.5m, the supporting distance of the soil ridges in a soft soil section can be adjusted to 0.8-1.0m, and the reserved supporting stems in a stone excavation section can be set to be about 2.0 m;
E. reserving a ridge for construction: after the reserved ridge support parameters are determined, reserving ridge width and space according to actual conditions during pipe ditch excavation, constructing the pipe ditch excavation and the reserved ridge simultaneously, adopting trapezoids to reserve the ridge during the period of ensuring safety, increasing the support strength, and after the pipe ditch is excavated to the design height of the bottom, manually opening holes at the bottom of the reserved ridge to ensure that the hole opening diameter meets the design requirements;
F. and after the steps are completed, reserving a ridge for supporting and completely completing the earth.
Further description is as follows: A. the current situation survey generally adopts methods of pit excavation, local resident inquiry, existing current situation pipeline drawing and the like, but the current situation survey is more prone to talk with and inquire of the local resident;
further explanation is as follows: B. the pit detection excavation position must be on the existing designed pipeline position, large deviation cannot occur, and the pit detection depth must be consistent with the designed pipeline depth.
Further explanation is as follows: C. the pipe trench excavation is consistent with the design position, and the pipe trench excavation must be performed from downstream to upstream;
further explanation is as follows: D. the reserved ridge support parameters are determined to be optimal according to actual geological conditions, so that the safety in the pipe trench excavation process is ensured;
further explanation is as follows: E. the construction of the reserved soil ridges is the most important link, the space and the width of the soil ridges must be adjusted in time according to the actual conditions on site, the width of the reserved soil ridges at the parts with dense population and limited space must ensure the passage of pedestrians, and the width should not be less than 1.5 m;
the operation key points are as follows:
1, preparation of construction:
according to the data prepared in the early stage and the results of on-site investigation, the results are summarized, the process feasibility examination (technical requirements, process feasibility and economy) is carried out, a reserved earth ridge supporting construction scheme is compiled, the constructors are trained, and the construction technology and the safety are well met.
2, current situation investigation:
local staff is arranged to carry out the status quoting and relevant records are made, and the local staff needs to carry out the status quoting in a regional and sectional mode so as to ensure the integrity of the status quoting.
3, pit excavation:
the pit detection excavation is carried out manually, the design depth, the design width and the design position must be coincident with the design pipeline position, the record and the geological condition record must be made in the pit detection excavation process, and the problem occurrence in the later-period pipe trench excavation process can be adjusted at any time.
4, excavating a pipe trench:
the method comprises the steps of excavating pipe ditches according to actual conditions on site, wherein manual work is utilized for excavating, the direction and the position of underground pipelines during pit exploration excavation need to be noticed, and the protection after the pipe ditches in densely populated areas are excavated needs to be noticed.
5, determining reserved ridge support parameters:
parameters such as width, space and the like of the reserved soil ridges need to be determined according to the geological condition of field actual excavation, and channels need to be reserved according to the actual passing condition of field residents, so that the passing requirement of the residents is met.
6, reserved earth ridge excavation construction:
the construction is carried out by reserving the earth ridges and excavating the pipe ditches synchronously, after the width and the distance of the earth ridges are determined, the pipe ditches are excavated on two sides of the earth ridges simultaneously, the earth ridges are proposed to be excavated into trapezoidal sections, the width of the top is smaller than that of the bottom, and the supporting safety of the pipe ditches is ensured.
7, finishing excavation and supporting of a pipe trench:
along with the excavation of trench to the bottom, need be to reserving the earth bank bottom trompil, trompil needs to confirm the trompil aperture according to the pipeline diameter of actually laying, requires that the trompil aperture must be greater than the pipeline diameter, ensures that the pipeline can pass the preformed hole that has accomplished.
And (3) construction control measures:
1, controlling the excavation depth and width quality of a pipe trench:
the excavation depth of the pipe trench is 10cm more than the design depth, and sand or stone powder needs to be paved at the bottom;
the excavation width of the pipe trench is determined by adding 60cm to the diameter of the pipeline;
2, reserving a ridge control measure:
the space and the width of the reserved soil ridges are determined according to the field geological condition and the passing requirement of residents;
the ridge must be excavated into a trapezoidal section, and the width of the top part is smaller than that of the bottom part;
3 pit detection control measures:
defining excavation parameters of a pit detection, wherein the excavation parameters need to be consistent with the position, the design depth and the width of a pipeline;
peripheral pipelines, underground pipelines and the like are required to be excavated in the pit detection, geological condition records are required to be made, and in addition, the pit detection excavation must ensure that the positions of the pipelines are consistent with the positions of the peripheral pipelines and the underground pipelines;
4 status quo investigation control measures:
the results of the presence survey must be accurate;
the current situation survey needs to be partitioned and divided, and the specific position of the obstacle is marked on a drawing;
5. optimizing:
according to the specific process of site construction, the construction parameters are continuously optimized, and the construction quality of pipe trench excavation and supporting is ensured.
Through the research on pipe ditch excavation and support of the reserved earth ridges, the safety, effectiveness, rapidity and economy of pipe ditch excavation and support construction are ensured according to specific conditions in the construction process.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for excavating and supporting a deep and narrow pipe ditch under complex conditions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) status quo investigation, wherein investigation is firstly carried out on a deep and narrow pipe trench construction part through a construction drawing to find out the existing underground pipelines and other embedded equipment; determining whether the position of the pipeline designed by the current drawing is reasonable or not and whether the position needs to be adjusted or not; residents in construction areas are dense, not only are complicated underground pipelines, but also structures such as inspection wells, entrance wells, septic tanks and the like are arranged in disorder, during field investigation, the underground pipelines of all the structures such as the inspection wells, the entrance wells, the septic tanks and the like in the construction areas need to be investigated and counted, the constructed pipelines can be ensured to bypass or pass through the existing pipelines, and the control is taken as the key point for smoothly implementing pipe ditch construction;
(2) then, the pipe trench of the section of area is excavated manually, earth banks are reserved directly for supporting, the supporting distance is determined according to the field geological conditions, the reserved earth bank distance is 1.0-2.0m, the reserved earth bank width is 0.5-1.5m, holes are formed in the bottoms of the reserved earth banks before the pipelines are laid, the pipelines can penetrate through the holes, the construction method is adopted for excavating deep and narrow pipe trenches, the construction is convenient, simple and rapid, the excavation amount is less, the construction speed can be accelerated, and the construction period and the cost can be saved;
(3) the excavation of the pipe trench is determined according to the actual conditions of the site, the depth, the width and the slope ratio of the pipe trench, pre-buried underground pipelines, reserved channels of densely populated areas, existing inspection wells, entrance wells, septic tanks and other factors, the reserved ridge support pipe trench is also related to the factors, and the factors are determined and a reasonable scheme is determined before construction;
(4) by adopting the method for excavating and supporting the deep and narrow pipe trench in the unrestricted space, excavated earth and stone can be stacked at the wide parts at two sides, and after backfilling is finished, redundant earth and stone are flattened and compacted at the upper part and two sides of the pipe trench, so that excessive earth and stone are prevented from being transported outside, and cost increase and environmental pollution are avoided;
(5) the method is adopted for excavating and supporting the deep and narrow pipe ditches in the limited space, so that the excavating and outward transportation amount of earth and stones can be reduced, the construction cost can be saved by the supporting method, and the construction cost cannot be increased;
wherein, in order to guarantee the safe period, reserve the terrace and adopt the trapezoid, increase and support the intensity;
the bottom of the pipe trench needs to be paved with sand or stone powder.
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| CN110593264A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-12-20 | 中建五局土木工程有限公司 | Excavation construction method for underground pipeline in-situ protection long and narrow deep foundation pit |
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| US3969904A (en) * | 1974-02-11 | 1976-07-20 | Hudswell Morrice Ltd. | Method of laying a pipeline in a trench |
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