CN113684791A - Arc-shaped waterscape dam based on vortex floating guide and design method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an arc-shaped waterscape dam based on vortex float guiding, which comprises an arc-shaped dam body and a garbage fishing device, wherein the arc-shaped dam body is provided with a plurality of grooves; the arc dam comprises a large arc dam body arranged in the middle and small arc dam bodies symmetrically arranged on two sides of the large arc dam body, the small arc dam bodies are tangent to the large arc dam body, side walls are arranged on two sides of each small arc dam body, the open ends of the small arc dam bodies are arranged towards the upstream, floating object collecting regions are arranged at positions, close to the dam bodies, of the left bank and the right bank, and a garbage salvaging device is arranged in the floating object collecting regions. The waterscape dam generates vortexes in a region close to the dam by means of the arc streamline, floating objects are guided to flow to collecting regions on two sides, suspended garbage in a water body below the water surface can be lifted to the water surface by the bubbles generated by the air outlet pipe, the garbage on the middle and lower layers is reduced to flow into a downstream river channel through the bottom hole, and the generated bubbles increase the dissolved oxygen amount to the aeration of the water body, so that the growth of aquatic animals and plants is facilitated, and the treatment of black and odorous water bodies is facilitated.

Description

Arc-shaped waterscape dam based on vortex floating guide and design method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy projects of small and medium-sized river channel waterscape, and particularly relates to an arc-shaped waterscape dam based on vortex drift guide and a design method thereof.

Background

Along with global climate change, the frequent extreme weather problem is increasingly prominent in all regions of China, and for small and medium-sized rivers flowing through villages in cities and towns, annual runoff changes obviously, and the medium and small-sized rivers have alternate changes in rich and dry seasons, so that the water for people to live and the ecological landscape maintenance of the river are not facilitated.

The river blocking dam can realize the regulating effect of flood diversion and dry filling on the runoff of the medium and small river channels by cutting off water flow and utilizing a gate or other switch structures. In the operation process of the barrage, a large amount of floating objects including domestic garbage, algae, water plants, patrinia scabiosaefolia link and the like are easy to gather. River course floater not only covers the river surface to influence the river course landscape, worsens the water body, causes fish oxygen deficiency, but also can cause adverse effect to the river course flood discharge ability, water supply, power generation and the like.

The existing floater treatment of the small and medium river channel barrage mainly utilizes a filter screen or a trash barrier to block the floater, needs secondary manual cleaning, and is not beneficial to the flow of water flow and the collection of floaters. In addition, because the floater is comparatively dispersed, salvage efficiency is lower. At present, more and more automatic floater salvaging modes are tried, and various floater salvaging devices are applied, including a floater fixing salvaging machine, a salvaging ship, a movable salvaging rod, a salvaging conveyor belt and the like. The application is at most a fixed fishing machine and a fishing conveyer belt device which are low in cost and convenient to maintain, but most of barrages are straight, and floaters can only be locally fished. Therefore, the problem of low efficiency operation caused by the mismatching of the fishing device and the dispersion degree of the floating objects exists.

The chinese utility model patent of publication number CN205557464U discloses "can decontaminate type intelligence flood control dam", and it improves the flood capacity through settling the transmission filter screen before the floodgate of intaking in order to clear away the floater, but this kind of transmission filter screen is difficult to arrange on a large scale on whole dam width direction, and it is limited to salvage the clearance effect. For example, chinese utility model patent with publication number CN211773498U discloses "a floater fishing device is used in urban landscape water improvement", can continuously effectively collect and salvage floating rubbish, although can adjust salvage range according to the surface of water width, nevertheless span whole river course and salvage, especially in urban area, be unfavorable for overhauing and ecological landscape beautifies, is difficult to the large tracts of land use.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an arc-shaped waterscape dam based on vortex float guiding and a design method thereof. When realizing the retaining of transferring floodwaters, directional guide floater removes in the both sides circular arc, cooperates fixed automatic fishing device, realizes intelligent continuity of operation to the problem of barrage ecological landscape function disappearance in solving above-mentioned background.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:

an arc-shaped waterscape dam based on vortex floating guide comprises an arc-shaped dam body and a garbage fishing device;

the arc dam comprises a large arc dam body arranged at the middle part and small arc dam bodies symmetrically arranged on two sides of the large arc dam body, the small arc dam bodies are tangent to the large arc dam body, side walls are arranged on two sides of each small arc dam body, the open end of each small arc dam body is arranged towards the upstream, the position, close to the dam body, of the left bank and the right bank is a floating object collecting region, and a garbage fishing device is arranged in the floating object collecting region.

Further, the radius ratio of the small arc dam body to the large arc dam body is larger than 1/8 and not larger than 1/2 and larger than 1/8.

Further, a plurality of bottom holes are formed in the large circular arc dam body, the opening and closing of the bottom holes are controlled through a spiral lifting gate, bubble generators are arranged on the periphery of the bottom holes, the bubble generators are connected with an air pump along the joint of large and small circular arc arcs by pipelines surrounding the edge of the bottom holes, the air pump is connected with the air pump through the top of the dam, water level monitors are arranged at the near shore positions and the middle parts of the left side and the right side of the arc waterscape dam, flow monitors are arranged in front of the gate, and the water level monitors and the flow monitors are connected with sensors.

Further, the garbage fishing device comprises a wheel shaft and a water passing filter screen conveyor belt, the wheel shaft and the water passing filter screen conveyor belt form a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane, the bottom end of the conveyor belt submerges below the water surface of the collecting region, the top end of the conveyor belt is externally connected with a motor driving device, and a garbage collecting box is arranged under the conveyor belt.

Further, the bubble generator specifically comprises an air inlet pipe, an air storage cavity, a ventilation vertical pipe, an air outlet pipe, a through hole and an air exhaust hole, the air outlet pipe is located under the bottom hole, the left end and the right end of the air outlet pipe are connected with the ventilation vertical pipe, air is conveyed by the through hole and then is discharged by the uniform air exhaust hole to float up to the water surface, the ventilation vertical pipe abuts against the joint of two circular arcs of the barrage and is directly communicated with the air storage cavity arranged at the top of the barrage, and the air storage cavity can be ventilated through an air pump connected with the outside bank of the air inlet pipe.

Furthermore, the water level monitors arranged at the river edge and the river center and the flow monitors arranged in front of the gate are fixed at the upstream face of the dam body in the large circular arc.

Furthermore, the garbage fishing device adjusts the working period according to the water level and flow information sent by the sensor, the conveying time of the garbage collecting box is correspondingly adjusted, and the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with a water passing filter screen with a nail-stabbing protruding structure so as to reduce the water content doped with garbage and hook-grabbing floating objects.

Furthermore, landscaping fountain nozzles are arranged at the top of the large arc dam of the arc waterscape dam at equal intervals, a converter is arranged in each fountain nozzle and is used for directionally spraying towards the downstream, and different fountain landscapes can be constructed by changing the spraying mode according to the flow.

Furthermore, the fountain spray head is connected with a corresponding water pumping system, fountain lamps are distributed around the fountain spray head, and the fountain lamps are matched with the bottom holes to symmetrically discharge water.

The invention also provides a method for designing the arc-shaped waterscape dam based on the vortex drift guide, which comprises the following specific steps:

s1, surveying engineering conditions of engineering site selection, including boundary conditions and initial conditions of river depth, flow velocity and river width

S2, scaling and adjusting the diameter proportion and the circumferential angle of the circular arc by using drawing software in an equal proportion to manufacture a corresponding series of test models;

s3, simulating a vortex drifting guiding condition possibly generated in a general flow velocity range of the river by using a fluid model according to the river flow state by using fluid mechanics simulation software under the condition of determining a boundary, observing the flow velocity vector directions of an upstream dam-approaching region and a floater collecting region, and analyzing the generated vortex size, vortex duration and stable position;

and S4, optimizing the final dam body streamline design scheme according to the simulation result by combining the concrete conditions of the engineering to manufacture a physical model for experimental simulation, and determining the final dam type scheme according to the experimental result.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the river blocking dam, the dam body flow line is designed by applying fluid mechanics knowledge, the arc-shaped structure is applied to guide water flow and generate vortexes in a reasonable range, and therefore river surface floaters are guided to the collecting and salvaging positions on two sides of the river blocking dam, the problem that the river surface floaters are dispersed and are not easy to salvage is effectively solved, salvage time is saved by directional drift guiding, and salvage efficiency is improved. In addition, can cooperate the further water conservancy diversion river course floater of arc dam body with the installation of bubble subassembly, under the effect of air pump, the air at first reaches gas storage cavity one side through the intake pipe, enter the riser of ventilating after the adjustment of gas storage cavity and reach the outlet duct through the through-hole, via exhaust hole gassing, the suspension pollutant in the pipeline production can effectively be lifted to the bubble of pipeline production, make the suspension rubbish at the middle part catch up to the river course surface and to the gathering of salvage department by the bubble, when the gate is opened, also can prevent the rubbish of underwater to dash downstream to a considerable extent. Meanwhile, the bubble assembly can promote the mobility of the water body, increase the content of dissolved oxygen, and continuously aerate to further reduce the reproduction of anaerobic microorganisms, thereby being beneficial to the growth of aquatic animals and plants in the water body and effectively inhibiting the generation of black and odorous water body. In winter, the bubble can also solve the problem that the water body freezes and can not flow. The device can build a spectacular fountain waterscape while meeting the basic requirements of flood cutting and withering compensation of small and medium river channels by adding parts such as a fountain, and provide support for the tourism industry, thereby being dedicated to building a man-made ecological water bank. Therefore, the device has good application prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an arcuate dam of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is an enlarged view at B in fig. 1.

FIG. 4 is a front view of an arc-shaped dam according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of an arcuate dam according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged view taken at D in FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line E-E in FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a sectional view taken along line F-F in FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is a vector diagram of the flow velocity at the horizontal plane at R10cm-R20cm in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a vector diagram of the flow rate at the R8cm-R24cm level in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a vector diagram of the flow rate at the R6cm-R28cm level in example 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a vector diagram of the flow rate at the R4cm-R32cm level in example 2 of the present invention;

in the figure: 1. the dam comprises a dam body, 2 bottom holes, 3 gates, 4 large arc dam bodies, 5 small arc dam bodies, 6 air inlet pipes, 7 air storage cavities, 8 ventilating vertical pipes, 9 air outlet pipes, 10 exhaust holes, 11 air outlet cavities, 12 through holes, 13 water level monitors, 14 flow monitors, 15 fountain spray heads, 16 wheel sets, 17 water passing filter screens, 18 motor driving devices, 19 receivers, 20 garbage collecting boxes and 21 side walls.

Detailed Description

The technical solution and the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[ example 1 ]

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and the following embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1, 4, 5 and 9, an arc-shaped waterscape dam for guiding, floating and collecting floating objects comprises an arc-shaped dam body 1, a bottom hole 2 and a gate 3, wherein the arc-shaped dam body 1 consists of an arc-shaped dam body 4 and a small arc-shaped dam body 5, the middle lower part of the arc-shaped dam body 4 is provided with 4 rectangular bottom holes 2, the opening and closing of the bottom hole 2 are controlled through the gate 3, the opening degree of the gate 3 is adjustable, a parallel arc-shaped air inlet pipe 6 is arranged on the small arc-shaped dam body 5, one end in the dam of the air inlet pipe 6 is connected with an air storage cavity 7, a ventilation vertical pipe 8 is vertically arranged at the tangent part of the large and small arcs and is directly communicated with the air storage cavity 7 at the top of the dam, the structure of the ventilation vertical pipe 8 is referred to fig. 3, the other end of the ventilation vertical pipe 8 is connected with an arc-shaped air outlet pipe 9, the air outlet pipe 9 is arranged under the front bottom hole 2 of the dam, the air outlet pipe 9 is connected with a plurality of air vents 10 at equal intervals, and finally air is discharged through the air vents 10, air bubbles are generated, and as shown in fig. 1, an air outlet cavity 11 is arranged in the air outlet pipe 9, an air outlet hole 10 communicated with the air outlet cavity 11 is arranged on the upper end surface of the air outlet pipe 9, and a through hole 12 communicated with the air outlet cavity 11 is arranged on the bottom side wall of the ventilation vertical pipe 8, and as shown in fig. 3 and 7.

The middle part of a small arc dam body 5 and the middle part of a large arc dam body 4 near the bank on the left side and the right side of an arc waterscape dam are provided with water level monitors 13, flow monitors 14 are arranged in front of gates 3 on bottom holes 2, reference can be made to fig. 1, 4 and 8, landscaping fountain nozzles 15 are arranged on the top of the large arc dam body 4 of the arc waterscape dam at equal intervals, reference can be made to fig. 5, the position of the left bank and the right bank on the upstream of the arc waterscape dam close to the dam body is a floating object collecting region, a garbage fishing device is connected with a side wall 21 and comprises a wheel set 16, a water passing filter screen 17, a motor driving device 18 and a receiver 19, the surface of a conveyor belt is the water passing filter screen 17, the conveyor belt wheel set 16 is externally connected with the motor driving device 18, the motor driving device side device receiver 19, and a garbage collecting box 20 is arranged under the top of the water passing filter screen of the conveyor belt, and the structure can be referred to fig. 2. The gate 2, the water level monitor 13, the flow monitor 14, the fountain head 15, the wheel set 16, the motor drive 18 and the receiver 19 are all electrically connected.

When the invention works, the opening degree of the gate 3 is adjusted, upstream incoming water flows to the downstream through the bottom hole 2, so that a water body can be ensured to have certain fluidity, floating objects at the upstream are carried to a certain distance in front of the dam body 1 by water flow, under the flow guide effect generated by the circular arc streamline of the dam body 1 consisting of large and small circular arcs 4 and 5, the floating objects are guided to a floating object detention area at the middle part of the small circular arcs 5 close to two banks, suspended objects at the middle and lower layers below the water surface can also come to the dam along with the water flow, air can enter the air inlet pipe 6 in a mode of externally connecting an air pump and the like, the air inlet pipe 6 is directly communicated with the air storage cavity 7, the air storage cavity 7 can adjust the air inlet speed and the uniform degree, then enters the air vertical ventilation pipe 8 from the other end of the air storage cavity 7, the vertical ventilation pipe 8 is adjusted by the through hole 12 and then reaches the air outlet cavity 11 of the air outlet pipe 9 and finally is discharged through the air outlet hole 10, therefore, the generated bubbles can migrate the suspended matters of the middle and lower layers to the water surface and float along the arc guide, the suspended matters of the middle and lower layers can be better prevented from rushing to a downstream river channel through the bottom hole 2, meanwhile, the flowability of the water body can be promoted, and the dissolved oxygen content of the water body is increased. When the floaters are gradually gathered in the circle center area of the small arc 5, under the real-time monitoring of the water level monitor 13 and the flow monitor 14, a collection control command sent out after intelligent automatic analysis of water level and flow data can be received by a receiver 19 on a motor driving device 18, a transmission speed of the water passing filter screen 17 which is coordinated with the water regime can be adjusted by a conveyor belt with the bottom end submerged below the water surface, the water carried by the floaters can be reduced by the water passing filter screen 17, and finally the floaters enter a garbage collection box 20 through a conveyor belt fixing device. Related water passing systems can be controlled according to needs, and fountain nozzles 15 on the tops of the great arcs 4 and the dam are used for generating fountains with different shapes, so that a waterscape is built.

[ example 2 ]

The embodiment provides a method for designing an arc-shaped waterscape dam based on vortex drift guidance, which comprises the following specific steps:

s1, surveying engineering conditions of engineering site selection, including boundary conditions and initial conditions of river depth, flow velocity and river width

S2, scaling and adjusting the diameter proportion and the circumferential angle of the circular arc by using drawing software in an equal proportion to manufacture a corresponding series of test models;

s3, simulating a vortex drifting guiding condition possibly generated in a general flow velocity range of the river by using a fluid model according to the river flow state by using fluid mechanics simulation software under the condition of determining a boundary, observing the flow velocity vector directions of an upstream dam-approaching region and a floater collecting region, and analyzing the generated vortex size, vortex duration and stable position;

and S4, optimizing the final dam body streamline design scheme according to the simulation result by combining the concrete conditions of the engineering to manufacture a physical model for experimental simulation, and determining the final dam type scheme according to the experimental result.

In the step S2, drawing software such as AutoCAD and solidworks may be used as the drawing software, and fluid mechanics simulation software such as fluent and flow3D may be used in the step S3.

The optimization process of the proportion of the circular arcs of the size is explained by taking a certain small and medium river channel as an example. The river flows through a certain rural area, the width of the river is 80m, the annual average river depth is 0.8m, the river is hopefully constructed by a barrage, the upstream river water is accumulated to be 1.2m to meet the ecological water for production and living of people in rural areas, and the annual average flow rate of the river is 3 m/s. The river course of the engineering site selection river section is straight and smooth in terrain, and can be similar to an ideal straight rectangular river section. The river channel is firstly subjected to a test model which is reduced by 10 times in proportion and generalized into 108X 80cm, an AutoCAD three-dimensional drawing is adopted, and then a flow3D model is adopted to perform free liquid surface fluid simulation. The model is divided into 1cm square grids, the simulation time is set to be 100s, the turbulence model is calculated by adopting a k-epsilon equation model of RNG, the upstream boundary speed is 3cm/s, the boundary water depth is 12cm, the outlet freely flows out, the initial water depth is 12cm, the initial flow speed is 3cm/s, the proportional relation between a large arc and a small arc is adjusted under the hydrodynamic condition for simulation, and radian vortex intensity comparison can be carried out through a 3D animation and 2D flow speed animation simulation process.

Tests prove that the radius ratio of the small arc dam body to the large arc dam body of the arc dam body is not more than 1/2 to generate a complete vortex, and four working conditions of the radius R of the small arc dam body and the radius R of the large arc dam body are preliminarily designed for the river flow: r10cm-R20cm, R8cm-R24cm, R6cm-R28cm and R4cm-R32cm, wherein the R/R ratios are 1/2, 1/3, 3/14 and 1/8 respectively, and the flow velocity vector result in a 2D plane is discussed. A flow velocity vector diagram of a horizontal plane at a vertical distance of 7.5cm from a bottom plate of a riverbed under each working condition with a simulation time of 80s is shown in figures 10-13, x and y axes respectively represent the flow direction and the width direction of a river, the unit is mm, a gray scale clamping strip indicates the flow velocity, the deeper the color is, the smaller the flow velocity is, the unit is mm/s, and an arrow of a streamline in the figure represents the flow velocity direction. It can be observed that: except the operating mode of R/R (1/8), each operating mode homoenergetic produces the swirl, and the swirl is clockwise before the left bank dam, and the swirl is anticlockwise before the right bank dam, and swirl department streamline is grey black, shows that this position velocity of flow is less, does benefit to the floater gathering, and at dam width one time, along with the reduction of R/R value, the swirl radius is littleer, and the swirl position is more stabilized in small circle arc centre of a circle department.

Meanwhile, the 2D flow velocity vector time sequences of all working conditions are compared, and the fact that along with the reduction of the R/R value, the vortex maintaining time is obviously shortened, the floating object gathering space is greatly reduced, the large circular arc protrudes upwards in the river flow, the requirement on stress bearing is higher, and meanwhile, the landscape layering sense is weakened. The floating material collecting efficiency and the vortex effect are considered, the arc floating guiding effect under two working conditions of R8cm-R24cm and R6cm-R28cm is superior to that under the two working conditions, the arc floating guiding effect is superior to that under the two working conditions, the problem that the domestic garbage flowing through the village and the town of the river reach is still outstanding is solved, the number of floating materials in the river channel is large, the floating material fishing requirement is high, the R8cm-R24cm test model is used as the best, the physical model can be manufactured, and the floating material collecting rate is used as an index to optimize other details by matching with simulated floating materials such as plastic balls. The example is a simple preferred condition to illustrate, and the specific engineering selection sets the preferred condition by combining more practical engineering backgrounds, and adjusts the R/R ratio to about 1/3, and further optimizes the proportion scheme.

[ example 3 ]

The air bubble generating assembly can be a steel pipeline which is segmented by the air inlet pipe 6, the air storage cavity 7, the ventilation stand pipe 8, the air outlet pipe 9 and the air exhaust hole 10, or a flexible material pipeline which is communicated into a whole, and the required material can be selected according to the specific condition of a river channel, the difficulty degree of construction and the like. In addition, the exhaust holes are distributed on the air outlet pipe at equal intervals, and the exhaust mode can be adjusted correspondingly by adding a pipeline, so that the condition of quickly generating a large amount of bubbles can be met in a targeted manner, and the function of lifting middle and low-layer suspended matters can be realized.

[ example 4 ]

In the aspect of salvage design, the invention is provided with the water level monitor 13, because the water levels of the river center and two banks are different, the device is arranged at the small arc close to the bank and the large arc in the middle of the river channel, the radians are different, the flow velocity of the gate hole is different, so the flow monitors 14 are arranged in front of 4 gates 3, the monitored water level and flow information can approximately reflect the amount of floating objects carried by the upstream in the period of time, signals are transmitted to the receiver 19 to adjust the transmission speed of the wheel set 16, and then the conveying and processing period of the garbage collection box 20 is correspondingly coordinated, so that the floating objects can be timely salvaged, transported and processed, and the salvage working efficiency is improved. Moreover, the water passing filter screen 17 is of a net structure and is provided with a certain nailing structure, so that the water flow carried by the garbage is reduced while the garbage can be salvaged, and the garbage treatment difficulty is reduced.

The foregoing examples are provided for illustration and description of the invention only and are not intended to limit the invention to the scope of the described examples. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an arc waterscape dam based on swirl is led and is floated which characterized in that: comprises an arc dam body and a garbage salvaging device;

the arc dam comprises a large arc dam body arranged at the middle part and small arc dam bodies symmetrically arranged on two sides of the large arc dam body, the small arc dam bodies are tangent to the large arc dam body, side walls are arranged on two sides of each small arc dam body, the open end of each small arc dam body is arranged towards the upstream, the position, close to the dam body, of the left bank and the right bank is a floating object collecting region, and a garbage fishing device is arranged in the floating object collecting region.

2. The vortex float guide based arc-shaped waterscape dam according to claim 1, wherein: the radius ratio of the small arc dam body to the large arc dam body is larger than 1/8 and not larger than 1/2.

3. The vortex float guide based arc-shaped waterscape dam according to claim 1, wherein: the dam comprises a dam body and is characterized in that a plurality of bottom holes are formed in the dam body, the bottom holes are controlled to be opened and closed through spiral lifting gates, bubble generators are arranged on the peripheries of the bottom holes, the bubble generators are connected with air pumps along the joint of large and small circular arc arcs by pipelines surrounding the edges of the bottom holes, water level monitors are arranged at the positions close to the shore and in the middle of the left side and the right side of the arc water scenery dam, flow monitors are arranged in front of the gates, and the water level monitors and the flow monitors are connected with sensors.

4. The vortex float guide based arc-shaped waterscape dam according to claim 1, wherein: the garbage fishing device comprises a wheel shaft and a water passing filter screen conveyor belt, wherein the wheel shaft and the water passing filter screen conveyor belt form a certain inclination angle with the horizontal plane, the bottom end of the conveyor belt submerges below the water surface of the collecting region, the top end of the conveyor belt is externally connected with a motor driving device, and a garbage collecting box is arranged under the conveyor belt.

5. The vortex float guide based arc-shaped waterscape dam according to claim 1, wherein: the bubble generator specifically comprises an air inlet pipe, an air storage cavity, a ventilation vertical pipe, an air outlet pipe, a through hole and an exhaust hole, wherein the air outlet pipe is positioned under the bottom hole, the left end and the right end of the air outlet pipe are connected with the ventilation vertical pipe, air is conveyed by the through hole and then is discharged by the uniform exhaust hole to float upwards, the ventilation vertical pipe abuts against the joint of two circular arcs of the barrage and is directly communicated with the air storage cavity arranged at the top of the barrage, and the air storage cavity can be ventilated by an air pump externally connected with a bank through the air inlet pipe.

6. The arc-shaped waterscape dam based on vortex drift guidance according to claim 3, wherein: the water level monitors arranged at the river edge and the river center and the flow monitors arranged in front of the gate are fixed at the upstream face of the dam body in the form of an orthodrome.

7. The vortex float guide based arc-shaped waterscape dam according to claim 1, wherein: the garbage salvaging device adjusts the working period according to the water level and flow information sent by the sensor, the conveying time of the garbage collecting box is correspondingly adjusted, and the surface of the conveyor belt is provided with a water passing filter screen with a nail-stabbing protruding structure so as to reduce the water content doped in the garbage and hook-grabbing floaters.

8. The vortex float guide based arc-shaped waterscape dam according to claim 1, wherein: the arc-shaped waterscape dam is characterized in that landscaping fountain nozzles are arranged at the top of the large arc-shaped dam at equal intervals, a converter is arranged in each fountain nozzle, the fountain nozzles are directionally sprayed to the downstream, and different fountain landscapes can be constructed by changing the spraying mode according to the flow.

9. The vortex float guide based arc-shaped waterscape dam according to claim 8, wherein: the fountain spray head is connected with a corresponding water pumping system, fountain lamps are distributed around the fountain spray head, and the fountain lamps are matched with the bottom holes to symmetrically discharge water.

10. The method for designing the arc-shaped waterscape dam based on the vortex drift guidance according to any one of claims 1-9, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

s1, surveying engineering conditions of engineering site selection, including boundary conditions and initial conditions of river water depth, flow velocity and river width;

s2, scaling and adjusting the diameter proportion and the circumferential angle of the circular arc by using drawing software in an equal proportion to manufacture a corresponding series of test models;

s3, simulating a vortex drifting guiding condition possibly generated in a general flow velocity range of the river by using a fluid model according to the river flow state by using fluid mechanics simulation software under the condition of determining a boundary, observing the flow velocity vector directions of an upstream dam-approaching region and a floater collecting region, and analyzing the generated vortex size, vortex duration and stable position;

and S4, optimizing the final dam body streamline design scheme according to the simulation result by combining the concrete conditions of the engineering to manufacture a physical model for experimental simulation, and determining the final dam type scheme according to the experimental result.

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