CN113683912A - Durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power facilities and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power facilities and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113683912A
CN113683912A CN202111025144.9A CN202111025144A CN113683912A CN 113683912 A CN113683912 A CN 113683912A CN 202111025144 A CN202111025144 A CN 202111025144A CN 113683912 A CN113683912 A CN 113683912A
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parts
modified
agent
corrosion
durable
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CN202111025144.9A
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Inventor
樊磊
李波
何锦航
白洁
孙博
黄朝文
李伟
石维
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Guizhou Power Grid Co Ltd
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Guizhou Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D4/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
    • C09D4/06Organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in combination with a macromolecular compound other than an unsaturated polymer of groups C09D159/00 - C09D187/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/08Anti-corrosive paints
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/60Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09DCOATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40Additives
    • C09D7/60Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C09D7/62Additives non-macromolecular inorganic modified by treatment with other compounds

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power facilities and a preparation method thereof, wherein the coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-110 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 40-60 parts of modified terpene resin, 40-60 parts of modified epoxy resin, 25-40 parts of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, 15-25 parts of nano inorganic particles, 0.5-1.8 parts of coupling agent and 2-5 parts of auxiliary agent. Compared with the existing coating, the coating provided by the invention can improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance of the coating for electric power facilities and the adhesive force of the coating. In addition, the hydrophobic effect of the coating can be improved.

Description

Durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power facilities and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power facilities and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of coatings.
Background
The power equipment is a power production and consumption system which consists of links of power generation, power transmission, power transformation, power distribution, power utilization and the like. The primary energy in the nature is converted into electric power by a power generation device, and then the electric power is supplied to each user through power transmission, power transformation and power distribution. The power generation equipment mainly comprises power generation equipment and power supply equipment, wherein the power generation equipment mainly comprises a power station boiler, a steam turbine, a gas turbine, a water turbine, a generator, an ignition machine, a transformer and the like, and the power supply equipment mainly comprises power transmission lines, mutual inductors, contactors and the like with various voltage grades.
Because of the performance requirements of the electric power facilities, it is necessary to apply a corresponding coating layer on the outer side of the electric power facilities to improve the performance, and the coating used for the coating layer is a generic name of a type of liquid or solid material which can form a solid coating film having protective, decorative or special properties (such as insulation, corrosion prevention, sign, etc.) on the surface of an object. The existing coating for the electric power equipment mostly adopts insulating paint which has good electrical property, thermal property and mechanical property, but the insulating coating for the electric power equipment has insufficient weather resistance and corrosion resistance effect, is easy to crack and fall off in the using process and can not meet the using requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power equipment and a preparation method thereof, so as to improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance effect of a coating for electric power equipment and the adhesive force of the coating, and overcome the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power facilities comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-110 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 40-60 parts of modified terpene resin, 40-60 parts of modified epoxy resin, 25-40 parts of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, 15-25 parts of nano inorganic particles, 0.5-1.8 parts of coupling agent and 2-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
90-100 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 45-55 parts of modified terpene resin, 45-55 parts of modified epoxy resin, 30-35 parts of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, 18-22 parts of nano inorganic particles, 1-1.2 parts of coupling agent and 3-4 parts of auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
95 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 50 parts of modified terpene resin, 50 parts of modified epoxy resin, 33 parts of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 20 parts of nano inorganic particles, 1.1 parts of coupling agent and 3.5 parts of auxiliary agent.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent comprises a wetting dispersant, a defoaming agent, a curing agent and a flatting agent, and the weight ratio of the wetting dispersant to the defoaming agent to the curing agent to the flatting agent is 1 (1-1.5): (2-4): (1-2), the wetting dispersant is a polymer wetting dispersant, the defoaming agent is a polyester modified defoaming agent, the curing agent is amino resin, and the leveling agent is an organic silicon leveling agent.
Preferably, the nano inorganic particles are a mixture of nano silicon oxide and nano titanium oxide, and the weight ratio of the nano silicon oxide to the nano titanium oxide is 1: (0.8-1.5).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing modified terpene resin, namely adding the terpene resin into a modified solvent, stirring and mixing uniformly, standing at room temperature for 3-5h, and filtering and distilling after standing to obtain the modified terpene resin for later use;
step two: preparing modified epoxy resin, namely adding zirconium dioxide into a surfactant, performing ultrasonic dispersion and stirring treatment for 3-6h, standing and settling for 10-16h, drying, grinding and screening the sediment to obtain modified zirconium dioxide, filling the zirconium dioxide into the epoxy resin, and performing blending and extrusion to obtain the modified epoxy resin for later use;
step three: weighing ethylene glycol diacrylate, modified terpene resin, modified epoxy resin, alkylphenol ethoxylates, nano inorganic particles, a coupling agent and an auxiliary agent according to the weight parts, sequentially adding the ethylene glycol diacrylate, the modified terpene resin, the modified epoxy resin, the alkylphenol ethoxylates, the coupling agent and the auxiliary agent into a reaction container, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture A;
step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the nano inorganic particles, adding the mixture into the mixture A, continuously stirring and mixing, and obtaining the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the power facility after ultrasonic stirring is finished by using ultrasonic assistance in the stirring and mixing process.
Preferably, in the first step, the modified solvent is obtained by adding styrene, a coupling agent and a catalyst into an organic solvent and stirring for reaction for 2-4h, and the weight ratio of acrylic acid, the coupling agent and the catalyst in the modified solvent is 1: (0.1-0.3): (0.3-0.6), the organic solvent is ethanol or diethyl ether, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, and the catalyst is aluminum trichloride.
Preferably, in the second step, the surfactant is obtained by adding a silane coupling agent, titanate, stearic acid and styrene into an organic solvent, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 3-5, wherein the weight ratio of styrene to the silane coupling agent to the titanate to the stearic acid in the surfactant is 1: (0.1-0.2): (0.2-0.4): (0.2-0.4), wherein the organic solvent is 95% alcohol.
Preferably, the frequency of ultrasonic dispersion in the second step is 90-110 Hz.
Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic assistance in the fourth step is 80-90 Hz.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can improve the weather resistance and corrosion resistance effect of the coating for electric power facilities and the adhesive force of the coating. According to the invention, ethylene glycol diacrylate has the advantages of fast curing and strong adhesive force, terpene resin has better corrosion resistance and weather resistance, the terpene resin modified by acrylic acid can improve the corrosion resistance and the weather resistance, the terpene resin can keep higher viscosity, epoxy resin has excellent insulating property, mechanical property and chemical stability, modified zirconium dioxide is used for modifying the epoxy resin, the modified zirconium dioxide has better dispersity, the corrosion resistance and the mechanical property of the epoxy resin can be improved after the zirconium dioxide is filled in the epoxy resin, and a three-dimensional network structure can be formed in a coating, so that the mechanical property, the weather resistance and the corrosion resistance of the coating are better.
2. The invention can improve the hydrophobic effect of the coating for the electric power facility. According to the invention, the nano inorganic particles are added in the coating, so that the roughness of the surface of the coating can be increased by the nano inorganic particles, and the super-hydrophobic surface can be obtained, thereby the hydrophobic effect of the coating is better.
3. The invention has simple process and lower cost.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments in order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the invention more comprehensible. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power facilities, which comprises the following specific preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) preparing the modified terpene resin, namely adding the terpene resin into a modified solvent, stirring and mixing uniformly, standing for 4 hours at room temperature, and filtering and distilling after standing to obtain the modified terpene resin for later use. In this embodiment, the modified solvent is obtained by adding styrene, a coupling agent and a catalyst into an organic solvent, stirring and reacting for 3 hours, wherein the organic solvent in the modified solvent is ethanol, and the weight ratio of acrylic acid to the coupling agent to the catalyst is 1: 0.1: 0.4, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, and the catalyst is aluminum trichloride.
Step two: the preparation method of the modified epoxy resin comprises the steps of adding zirconium dioxide into a surfactant, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion (ultrasonic frequency is 100Hz), stirring for 5 hours, standing and settling for 12 hours, drying, grinding and screening the sediment to obtain the modified zirconium dioxide, filling the zirconium dioxide into the epoxy resin, and carrying out blending and extrusion to obtain the modified epoxy resin for later use. In this embodiment, the surfactant is obtained by adding a silane coupling agent, titanate, stearic acid, and styrene to an organic solvent, and adjusting the pH of the solution to 3 to 5, wherein the organic solvent is 95% alcohol, and the weight ratio of styrene, silane coupling agent, titanate, and stearic acid in the surfactant is 1: 0.1: 0.3: 0.3.
step three: weighing ethylene glycol diacrylate, modified terpene resin, modified epoxy resin, alkylphenol ethoxylate, nano inorganic particles, coupling agent and auxiliary agent, sequentially adding the ethylene glycol diacrylate, the modified terpene resin, the modified epoxy resin, the alkylphenol ethoxylate, the coupling agent and the auxiliary agent into a reaction vessel, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain a mixture A. In this embodiment, the nano inorganic particles are a mixture of nano silicon oxide and nano titanium oxide, and the weight ratio of the nano silicon oxide to the nano titanium oxide is 1: 1; coupling agent fluorosilane coupling agent; the auxiliary agent comprises a wetting dispersant, a defoaming agent, a curing agent and a flatting agent, and the weight ratio of the raw materials is 1: 1.3: 3: 1.5, the wetting dispersant is a polymer wetting dispersant, the defoaming agent is a polyester modified defoaming agent, the curing agent is amino resin, and the leveling agent is an organic silicon leveling agent.
Step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the nano inorganic particles, adding the mixture into the mixture A, continuously stirring and mixing, and obtaining the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facility after ultrasonic stirring by using ultrasonic assistance (ultrasonic frequency is 85Hz) in the stirring and mixing process.
Example 1:
the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 40 parts of modified terpene resin, 40 parts of modified epoxy resin, 25 parts of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 15 parts of nano inorganic particles, 0.5 part of coupling agent and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The preparation method is as described above.
Example 2:
the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 50 parts of modified terpene resin, 50 parts of modified epoxy resin, 33 parts of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 20 parts of nano inorganic particles, 1.1 parts of coupling agent and 3.5 parts of auxiliary agent. The preparation method is as described above.
Example 3:
the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities comprises the following components in parts by weight: 110 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 60 parts of modified terpene resin, 60 parts of modified epoxy resin, 40 parts of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 25 parts of nano inorganic particles, 1.8 parts of coupling agent and 5 parts of auxiliary agent.
Comparative example 1:
the coating for the electric power equipment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 40 parts of terpene resin, 40 parts of modified epoxy resin, 25 parts of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 15 parts of nano inorganic particles, 0.5 part of coupling agent and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The preparation method is as described above.
Comparative example 2:
the coating for the electric power equipment comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 40 parts of modified terpene resin, 40 parts of epoxy resin, 25 parts of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 15 parts of nano inorganic particles, 0.5 part of coupling agent and 2 parts of auxiliary agent. The preparation method is as described above.
The durable and corrosion-resistant coatings prepared in the above examples 1 to 3 were used as an experimental group 1, an experimental group 2 and an experimental group 3, respectively, the durable and corrosion-resistant coatings prepared in the comparative examples 1 to 2 were used as a control group 1 and a control group 2, a commercially available coating for electric equipment (polyurethane DreamDur 500 coating) was used as a control group 3, and the coatings produced in the experimental group and the control group were tested for adhesion strength rating, corrosion rate under different conditions and impact strength.
During testing, the adhesion strength grades of different coatings are respectively tested according to the standard of GB/T5210-2006 adhesion test by a color paint and varnish pulling method, and the stress is gradually increased to 12MPa at the rate of 0.5MPa/s in the testing process; when the corrosion rate is tested under different conditions, different coatings are respectively soaked in different environments (an environment with the humidity of 50 percent, an acid environment with the pH value of 3.5 and an alkaline environment with the pH value of 8.5) for 24 hours, and then the corrosion rate of the respectively soaked coatings is measured according to the GB/T9274 'determination of colored paint and varnish liquid-resistant medium'; the impact strength was measured according to GB1732-1993 [ test for impact resistance of paint film ], the test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003243064180000051
As can be seen from the table one, the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power equipment of the present invention has better adhesion strength and weather resistance and corrosion resistance compared with the commercially available coating for electric power equipment, the comparative examples 1 and 2 respectively adopt the common terpene resin and epoxy resin, the corrosion resistance of the coating for electric power equipment is greatly improved when the common terpene resin and epoxy resin are adopted compared with the commercially available coating for electric power equipment, but the corrosion resistance is reduced when compared with the example 1, the ethylene glycol diacrylate, the modified terpene resin and the modified epoxy resin are used as raw materials, the ethylene glycol diacrylate has the advantages of fast curing and strong adhesion, the terpene resin has better corrosion resistance and weather resistance, the terpene resin modified by acrylic acid can not only improve the corrosion resistance and weather resistance, but also can keep the terpene resin with higher viscosity, the epoxy resin has excellent insulating property, mechanical property and chemical stability, the modified zirconium dioxide is used for modifying the epoxy resin, the modified zirconium dioxide has better dispersity, the corrosion resistance and the mechanical property of the epoxy resin can be improved after the zirconium dioxide is filled into the epoxy resin, and a three-dimensional network structure can be formed in a coating layer, so that the mechanical property, the weather resistance and the corrosion resistance of the coating layer are better
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
80-110 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 40-60 parts of modified terpene resin, 40-60 parts of modified epoxy resin, 25-40 parts of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, 15-25 parts of nano inorganic particles, 0.5-1.8 parts of coupling agent and 2-5 parts of auxiliary agent.
2. The durable corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
90-100 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 45-55 parts of modified terpene resin, 45-55 parts of modified epoxy resin, 30-35 parts of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene, 18-22 parts of nano inorganic particles, 1-1.2 parts of coupling agent and 3-4 parts of auxiliary agent.
3. The durable corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
95 parts of ethylene glycol diacrylate, 50 parts of modified terpene resin, 50 parts of modified epoxy resin, 33 parts of alkylphenol ethoxylates, 20 parts of nano inorganic particles, 1.1 parts of coupling agent and 3.5 parts of auxiliary agent.
4. The durable corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities as claimed in claim 1, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises a wetting dispersant, a defoaming agent, a curing agent and a leveling agent, and the weight ratio of the wetting dispersant to the defoaming agent to the curing agent to the leveling agent is 1 (1-1.5): (2-4): (1-2), the wetting dispersant is a polymer wetting dispersant, the defoaming agent is a polyester modified defoaming agent, the curing agent is amino resin, and the leveling agent is an organic silicon leveling agent.
5. The durable, corrosion-resistant coating for electrical power facilities of claim 1, wherein the nano inorganic particles are a mixture of nano silica and nano titania, and the weight ratio of nano silica to nano titania is 1: (0.8-1.5).
6. The method of preparing a durable, corrosion-resistant coating for electrical utilities according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing modified terpene resin, namely adding the terpene resin into a modified solvent, stirring and mixing uniformly, standing at room temperature for 3-5h, and filtering and distilling after standing to obtain the modified terpene resin for later use;
step two: preparing modified epoxy resin, namely adding zirconium dioxide into a surfactant, performing ultrasonic dispersion and stirring treatment for 3-6h, standing and settling for 10-16h, drying, grinding and screening the sediment to obtain modified zirconium dioxide, filling the zirconium dioxide into the epoxy resin, and performing blending and extrusion to obtain the modified epoxy resin for later use;
step three: weighing ethylene glycol diacrylate, modified terpene resin, modified epoxy resin, alkylphenol ethoxylates, nano inorganic particles, a coupling agent and an auxiliary agent according to the weight parts, sequentially adding the ethylene glycol diacrylate, the modified terpene resin, the modified epoxy resin, the alkylphenol ethoxylates, the coupling agent and the auxiliary agent into a reaction container, and stirring and mixing uniformly to obtain a mixture A;
step four: and (3) uniformly mixing the nano inorganic particles, adding the mixture into the mixture A, continuously stirring and mixing, and obtaining the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the power facility after ultrasonic stirring is finished by using ultrasonic assistance in the stirring and mixing process.
7. The method for preparing the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities according to claim 6, wherein the modified solvent obtained in the first step is prepared by adding styrene, a coupling agent and a catalyst into an organic solvent and stirring for reaction for 2-4h, and the weight ratio of acrylic acid, the coupling agent and the catalyst in the modified solvent is 1: (0.1-0.3): (0.3-0.6), the organic solvent is ethanol or diethyl ether, the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent, and the catalyst is aluminum trichloride.
8. The method for preparing the durable and corrosion-resistant coating for the electric power facilities according to claim 6, wherein the surfactant in the second step is obtained by adding a silane coupling agent, titanate, stearic acid and styrene into an organic solvent and adjusting the pH of the solution to 3-5, wherein the weight ratio of styrene to the silane coupling agent to the titanate to the stearic acid in the surfactant is 1: (0.1-0.2): (0.2-0.4): (0.2-0.4), wherein the organic solvent is 95% alcohol.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic dispersion frequency in step two is 90-110 Hz.
10. The method of claim 6, wherein the ultrasonic-assisted frequency in step four is 80-90 Hz.
CN202111025144.9A 2021-09-02 2021-09-02 Durable and corrosion-resistant coating for electric power facilities and preparation method thereof Pending CN113683912A (en)

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