CN113683402B - 一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球 - Google Patents

一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球 Download PDF

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CN113683402B
CN113683402B CN202110843962.3A CN202110843962A CN113683402B CN 113683402 B CN113683402 B CN 113683402B CN 202110843962 A CN202110843962 A CN 202110843962A CN 113683402 B CN113683402 B CN 113683402B
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张金龙
唐荣
蒋杰
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Anhui Ruitai New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球,将陶瓷预制体沿模具内表面整齐拼接排列,然后浇铸金属熔体至模具中,热处理得到陶瓷复合耐磨钢球;其中,陶瓷预制体的原料按重量份包括:氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒90份、活性粉体1‑3份、高岭土3‑4份、胶黏剂3‑6份。本发明具有良好的韧性和耐磨性能。

Description

一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球
技术领域
本发明涉及耐磨钢球技术领域,尤其涉及一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球。
背景技术
磨球作为磨矿介质,广泛应用于冶金、选矿、煤炭、水泥、化工等行业。随着行业快速发展,对磨球的需求量将会逐步增加。磨球具有多种类型,如:①模具浇注成形的铸造磨球,②轧辊斜轧成形的轧制磨球,③锻模锻打成形的锻造磨球。铸造磨球主要有普通铸铁磨球、铬系铸铁磨球、贝氏体球墨铸铁磨球和贝氏体/马氏体复相球墨铸铁磨球等。
高铬铸铁磨球的Cr含量一般大于10%,由于铬含量较高,淬透性较好,高铬铸铁磨球的整体硬度较高,分布均匀,相对低/中铬合金铸铁磨球具有良好的耐磨性和冲击韧性,冲击韧性约为3-5J/cm2。虽然高铬铸铁磨球具有高硬度、较高的耐磨性,但常常不能满足较高工况条件下磨球应同时具有高耐磨性及冲击韧性的要求。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题,本发明提出了一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球,本发明具有良好的耐磨性能和冲击韧性。
本发明提出了一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球,将陶瓷预制体沿模具内表面整齐拼接排列,然后浇铸金属熔体至模具中,热处理得到陶瓷复合耐磨钢球;
其中,陶瓷预制体的原料按重量份包括:氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒90份、活性粉体1-3份、高岭土3-4份、胶黏剂3-6份。
上述陶瓷预制体的形状可以为正方体或长方体,且正方体或长方体的中间具有圆形通道;在浇铸时,金属熔体填充在圆形通道中,并经适宜的热处理使得陶瓷预制体镶嵌在耐磨钢球表面。
优选地,活性粉体为纳米氧化钛、纳米氧化铌和纳米氧化钇的组合物。
优选地,纳米氧化钛、纳米氧化铌和纳米氧化钇的重量比为1:0.4-0.6:0.4-0.6。
优选地,胶黏剂为水玻璃和羧甲基纤维素的组合。
优选地,水玻璃和羧甲基纤维素的重量比为1-2:1。
优选地,氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒的粒径为100-150目。
上述氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒可以从市场购得,氧化锆的质量分数为20-25wt%。
优选地,在陶瓷预制体的制备过程中,将氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒、活性粉体、高岭土、胶黏剂水溶液混匀并除泡,然后注入模具塑形,以3-4℃/min的速度升温至1200-1300℃,保温烧结3-4h得到陶瓷预制体。
优选地,金属熔体的原料按重量百分比包括:C:1.8-2.0%、Cr:10.0-11.0%、Mn:0.5-0.7%、Si:0.4-0.7%、P≤0.05%、S≤0.05%,余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。
优选地,金属熔体的浇铸温度为1520-1540℃。
优选地,热处理的程序为:于890-910℃,保温2.5-3.5h,用水淬火,然后升温至220-240℃回火2-2.5h,冷却至室温。
有益效果:
本发明在钢球表面浇筑镶嵌陶瓷预制体,提高钢球的耐磨性能,选用合适的钢熔融液组分配比和适宜的热处理工艺,使得钢球与陶瓷预制体精密结合,并提高钢球的抗冲击性能;在陶瓷预制体制备时,选用合适的活性粉体,改善陶瓷在金属熔体中的浸润性,结合适宜的热处理工艺使得二者晶相结合,防止预制体脱落,提高耐磨和冲击韧性,选用氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒进一步提高钢球的冲击韧性,选用硅酸钠和羧甲基纤维素作为胶黏剂,提高陶瓷预制体和钢球的结合性能。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球,将陶瓷预制体沿模具内表面整齐拼接排列,使得模具内表面排满陶瓷预制体,然后于1520℃浇铸金属熔体至模具中,降温至910℃,保温2.5h,然后用水淬火,升温至240℃回火2h,冷却至室温得到陶瓷复合耐磨钢球;
其中,陶瓷预制体的原料按重量份包括:150目的氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒90g、纳米氧化钛0.5g、纳米氧化铌0.25g、纳米氧化钇0.25g、100目的高岭土4g、水玻璃4g、羧甲基纤维素2g;
在陶瓷预制体的制备过程中,将水玻璃和羧甲基纤维素溶于20ml水中得到胶黏剂水溶液;将氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒、活性粉体、高岭土混匀,然后分批加入胶黏剂水溶液中,用混料机混合24h,然后用真空泵除去气泡,然后注入模具塑形,48h后脱模,在干燥箱中烘干,然后以3℃/min的速度升温至1300℃,保温烧结3h得到陶瓷预制体;
金属熔体的原料按重量百分比包括:C:2.0%、Cr:10.0%、Mn:0.7%、Si:0.4%、P≤0.05%、S≤0.05%,余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。
实施例2
一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球,将陶瓷预制体沿模具内表面整齐拼接排列,使得模具内表面排满陶瓷预制体,然后于1540℃浇铸金属熔体至模具中,降温至890℃,保温3.5h,然后用水淬火,升温至220℃回火2.5h,冷却至室温得到陶瓷复合耐磨钢球;
其中,陶瓷预制体的原料按重量份包括:100目的氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒90g、纳米氧化钛1.4g、纳米氧化铌0.8g、纳米氧化钇0.8g、100目的高岭土3g、水玻璃1.5g、羧甲基纤维素1.5g;
在陶瓷预制体的制备过程中,将水玻璃和羧甲基纤维素溶于20ml水中得到胶黏剂水溶液;将氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒、活性粉体、高岭土混匀,然后分批加入胶黏剂水溶液中,用混料机混合24h,然后用真空泵除去气泡,然后注入模具塑形,48h后脱模,在干燥箱中烘干,然后以4℃/min的速度升温至1200℃,保温烧结4h得到陶瓷预制体;
金属熔体的原料按重量百分比包括:C:1.8%、Cr:11.0%、Mn:0.5%、Si:0.7%、P≤0.05%、S≤0.05%,余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。
实施例3
一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球,将陶瓷预制体沿模具内表面整齐拼接排列,使得模具内表面排满陶瓷预制体,然后于1530℃浇铸金属熔体至模具中,降温至900℃,保温3h,然后用水淬火,升温至230℃回火2.3h,冷却至室温得到陶瓷复合耐磨钢球;
其中,陶瓷预制体的原料按重量份包括:120目的氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒90g、纳米氧化钛1.1g、纳米氧化铌0.45g、纳米氧化钇0.45g、100目的高岭土3.5份、水玻璃3g、羧甲基纤维素2g;
在陶瓷预制体的制备过程中,将水玻璃和羧甲基纤维素溶于20ml水中得到胶黏剂水溶液;将氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒、活性粉体、高岭土混匀,然后分批加入胶黏剂水溶液中,用混料机混合24h,然后用真空泵除去气泡,然后注入模具塑形,48h后脱模,在干燥箱中烘干,然后以4℃/min的速度升温至1250℃,保温烧结3.5h得到陶瓷预制体;
金属熔体的原料按重量百分比包括:C:1.9%、Cr:10.5%、Mn:0.6%、Si:0.6%、P≤0.05%、S≤0.05%,余量为Fe及不可避免杂质。
对比例1
不使用陶瓷预制体,其他同实施例3。
对比例2
陶瓷预制体的原料不含纳米氧化钛、纳米氧化铌和纳米氧化钇,其他同实施例3。
检测实施例1-3和对比例1-2所得钢球(直径均为100mm)的性能,结果如表1所示。
表1检测结果
Figure BDA0003179842030000051
由上表可以看出,本发明制得陶瓷复合耐磨钢球具有在保持良好冲击韧性的同时,其耐磨性能远高于对比例1-2。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种陶瓷复合耐磨钢球,其特征在于,将陶瓷预制体沿模具内表面整齐拼接排列,然后浇铸金属熔体至模具中,热处理得到陶瓷复合耐磨钢球;
其中,陶瓷预制体的原料按重量份包括:氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒90份、活性粉体1-3份、高岭土3-4份、胶黏剂3-6份;
活性粉体为纳米氧化钛、纳米氧化铌和纳米氧化钇的组合物;纳米氧化钛、纳米氧化铌和纳米氧化钇的重量比为1:0.4-0.6:0.4-0.6;
胶黏剂为水玻璃和羧甲基纤维素的组合;
水玻璃和羧甲基纤维素的重量比为1-2:1;
在陶瓷预制体的制备过程中,将氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒、活性粉体、高岭土、胶黏剂水溶液混匀并除泡,然后注入模具塑形,以3-4℃/min的速度升温至1200-1300℃,保温烧结3-4h得到陶瓷预制体;
金属熔体的原料按重量百分比包括:C:1.8-2.0%、Cr:10.0-11.0%、Mn:0.5-0.7%、Si:0.4-0.7%、P≤0.05%、S≤0.05%,余量为Fe及不可避免杂质;
金属熔体的浇铸温度为1520-1540℃;
热处理的程序为:于890-910℃,保温2.5-3.5h,用水淬火,然后升温至220-240℃回火2-2.5h,冷却至室温。
2.根据权利要求1所述陶瓷复合耐磨钢球,其特征在于,氧化锆增韧氧化铝陶瓷颗粒的粒径为100-150目。
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