CN113683392A - High-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain - Google Patents
High-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain Download PDFInfo
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/444—Halide containing anions, e.g. bromide, iodate, chlorite
- C04B2235/445—Fluoride containing anions, e.g. fluosilicate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/52—Constituents or additives characterised by their shapes
- C04B2235/5276—Whiskers, spindles, needles or pins
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain, and discloses a high-stability in-glaze decoration daily porcelain, and a manufacturing method of the high-stability in-glaze decoration daily porcelain comprises the following steps: step one, raw material proportioning: 8% of fluorite, 12% of sepiolite, 4% of barite, 1% of magnesium borate whisker, 10% of sodium alginate and 65% of clay; step two, selecting ingredients: selecting a mixture formed by combining vermiculite, montmorillonite and kaolin according to the mass ratio of 0.87:1: 5; step three, crushing raw materials: the method comprises the steps of putting selected high-quality barite, fluorite and sepiolite into crushing equipment for crushing, screening the barite, the fluorite and the sepiolite by using a 200-mesh sieve after crushing, carrying out magnetic separation on the powder obtained by screening, mixing the powder with clay after the magnetic separation is finished, and putting the mixture obtained after mixing into grinding equipment for fine grinding. The high-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain improves the stability of the in-glaze color daily porcelain and effectively improves the yield of the in-glaze color daily porcelain.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain, in particular to a high-stability in-glaze decoration daily porcelain.
Background
The daily porcelain is a porcelain used in daily life. The porcelain is an article which is composed of porcelain stone, kaolin, quartz stone, mullite and the like, and is applied with vitreous glaze or colored drawing on the surface, the in-glaze decoration daily porcelain is a porcelain with a relatively complex process, the in-glaze decoration is also called high-temperature fast-burning pigment, the flux component of the pigment does not contain lead or contains little lead, the in-glaze decoration method is applied to the glaze surface of the article, the pigment permeates into the glaze through high-temperature fast burning at 1100-1260 ℃, the software encapsulation melting of the glaze surface enables the pigment to be sealed after cooling, the in-glaze decoration is fine, glittering, moist, tarnish-resistant, corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant, and has the effect of underglaze decoration.
When the existing firing process of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is fired, the finished product of the porcelain has high water absorption rate, so that the shrinkage rate of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is high, the in-glaze color of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is easy to deform due to the high shrinkage rate of the porcelain, the firing failure of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is caused, and the yield of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the high-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain, which has the advantage of reducing the shrinkage rate of the in-glaze color daily porcelain and solves the problem of low yield caused by high shrinkage rate of the in-glaze color daily porcelain in the prior art.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides the following technical scheme: the high-stability in-glaze decoration daily porcelain comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material proportioning: 8% of fluorite, 12% of sepiolite, 4% of barite, 1% of magnesium borate whisker, 10% of sodium alginate and 65% of clay;
step two, selecting ingredients: selecting a mixture formed by combining vermiculite, montmorillonite and kaolin according to the mass ratio of 0.87:1: 5;
step three, crushing raw materials: crushing the selected high-quality barite, fluorite and sepiolite in crushing equipment, screening the barite, fluorite and sepiolite by using a 200-mesh sieve after crushing, carrying out magnetic separation on the powder obtained by screening, mixing the powder with clay after the magnetic separation is finished, placing the mixture obtained after mixing into grinding equipment for fine grinding, screening by using a 380-mesh sieve after the fine grinding is finished, carrying out magnetic separation on the material after screening is finished again, and obtaining a base material after the magnetic separation is finished;
step four, preparing the petuntse slurry: selecting a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, quickly pouring selected high-quality sodium alginate into the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, quickly stirring the mixed solution by using stirring equipment to quickly dissolve the sodium alginate in the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, adding magnesium borate whiskers into the mixed solution after the sodium alginate is completely dissolved, and quickly stirring to dissolve the magnesium borate whiskers to obtain porcelain clay slurry;
step five, manufacturing porcelain pug: putting the base material into stirring equipment, adding a proper amount of distilled water into the base material, starting the stirring equipment to mix and stir the base material and the distilled water, standing for 7 days after uniform mixing, stirring uniformly again after standing is finished, adding the porcelain clay slurry into the stirring equipment, and stirring uniformly together with the uniformly mixed base material and water to obtain porcelain clay;
step six, selecting a mould of the high-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain, and pressing the porcelain pug into the mould to prepare a porcelain blank;
step seven, drying the porcelain blank: putting the prepared porcelain blank into a drying kiln for drying, reducing the water content of the porcelain blank to 14%, taking out the porcelain blank for glaze color loading treatment, and putting the porcelain blank into the drying kiln again for drying until the water content is 2.5%;
step eight, firing the finished product: and (3) neatly stacking the dried porcelain blanks in a firing kiln, raising the temperature of the firing kiln to 700 ℃, keeping the temperature of the firing kiln at 700 ℃ for 0.7 hour for preheating, raising the temperature of the firing kiln to 980 ℃ for firing after preheating is finished, raising the temperature of the firing kiln to 1220 ℃ for firing for 30 minutes after firing for 2 hours, lowering the temperature of the firing kiln to 1140 ℃ for firing for 3 hours, and taking out the high-stability in-glaze daily-use color porcelain after the firing is finished and waiting for the completion of natural cooling.
Preferably, the clay in the first step is formed by mixing kaolin and montmorillonite.
Preferably, the magnetic separation operation in the third step can be repeated for multiple times to repeatedly perform magnetic separation on the crushed raw materials so as to improve the quality of the raw materials.
Preferably, the magnesium borate whiskers in the fourth step need to be subjected to fine grinding and then sieving treatment, and then need to be subjected to repeated magnetic separation.
Preferably, the base material in the fifth step is mixed with distilled water, stirred and placed in a constant temperature environment of 26 ℃ for standing.
Preferably, the porcelain clay in the sixth step needs to be placed into a vacuum pug mill for vacuum pugging before being pressed into a die of the high-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain.
Preferably, the dried chinaware blank in step seven needs to take out the redundant edge to make the edge of the chinaware blank smoother.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the high-stability in-glaze decoration daily porcelain, which has the following beneficial effects:
this high stability in-glaze decoration daily use porcelain, through the step one that sets up, step two, step three, step four, step five, step six, step seven and step eight, can carry out effectual drying to the porcelain embryo of in-glaze decoration daily use porcelain, make the moisture content of porcelain embryo be less than 3%, thereby can reduce the shrinkage factor of porcelain embryo, and preheat and multistage firing through step eight, can effectually reduce the moisture content of in-glaze decoration daily use porcelain, thereby the shrinkage factor of reduction in-glaze decoration daily use porcelain that can be by a wide margin, the effectual stability that improves the in-glaze decoration daily use porcelain, the yield of the in-glaze decoration daily use porcelain has been improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The high-stability in-glaze decoration daily porcelain comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material proportioning: 8% of fluorite, 12% of sepiolite, 4% of barite, 1% of magnesium borate whisker, 10% of sodium alginate and 65% of clay;
step two, selecting ingredients: the preparation method comprises the following steps of selecting a mixture formed by combining vermiculite, montmorillonite and kaolin according to the mass ratio of 0.87:1:5, wherein the kaolin is white, fine and soft, has good physical and chemical properties such as plasticity and fire resistance, and can improve impact resistance, fatigue resistance, size stability, gas barrier property and the like, so that the comprehensive physical properties of the polymer are enhanced, the processing performance of the material is improved, the vermiculite has ion exchange capacity, and can be used as building materials, adsorbents, fireproof insulating materials, mechanical lubricants, soil conditioners and the like, and the application range is wide;
step three, crushing raw materials: crushing the selected high-quality barite, fluorite and sepiolite in crushing equipment, screening the barite, fluorite and sepiolite by using a 200-mesh sieve after crushing, carrying out magnetic separation on the powder obtained by screening, mixing the powder with clay after the magnetic separation is finished, placing the mixture obtained after mixing into grinding equipment for fine grinding, screening by using a 380-mesh sieve after the fine grinding is finished, carrying out magnetic separation on the material after screening is finished again, and obtaining a base material after the magnetic separation is finished;
step four, preparing the petuntse slurry: selecting a 4 wt% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, wherein the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution has strong affinity to various polymers, and the polyvinyl alcohol is a very excellent adhesive and can bond sodium alginate and magnesium borate whiskers together, so that the quality of the porcelain clay slurry can be improved;
step five, manufacturing porcelain pug: putting the base material into stirring equipment, adding a proper amount of distilled water into the base material, starting the stirring equipment to mix and stir the base material and the distilled water, standing for 7 days after uniform mixing, stirring uniformly again after standing is finished, adding the porcelain clay slurry into the stirring equipment, and stirring uniformly together with the uniformly mixed base material and water to obtain porcelain clay;
step six, selecting a mould of the high-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain, and pressing the porcelain pug into the mould to prepare a porcelain blank;
step seven, drying the porcelain blank: putting the prepared porcelain blank into a drying kiln for drying, reducing the water content of the porcelain blank to 14%, taking out the porcelain blank for glaze color loading treatment, and putting the porcelain blank into the drying kiln again for drying until the water content is 2.5%;
step eight, firing the finished product: the dried porcelain blanks are orderly stacked in a firing kiln, the temperature of the firing kiln is raised to 700 ℃, the temperature of the firing kiln is maintained at 700 ℃ for 0.7 hour for preheating, the kiln temperature is raised to 980 ℃ for firing after preheating is finished, the kiln temperature is continuously raised to 1220 ℃ for firing for 30 minutes after firing for 2 hours, the kiln temperature is lowered to 1140 ℃ for firing for 3 hours, and the high-stability in-glaze daily color porcelain can be taken out after natural cooling is finished after firing is finished, so that the water content of the in-glaze daily color porcelain blanks can be effectively dried by the steps of I, II, III, IV, VI, VII and VIII, the water content of the in-glaze daily color porcelain blanks can be reduced, the shrinkage rate of the porcelain blanks can be reduced, and the preheating and multistage firing in the VIII can effectively reduce the water content of the in-glaze daily color porcelain, thereby greatly reducing the shrinkage rate of the in-glaze color daily porcelain, effectively improving the stability of the in-glaze color daily porcelain and improving the yield of the in-glaze color daily porcelain.
The clay in the first step is formed by mixing kaolin and montmorillonite, the clay and the claystone mainly comprise kaolinite clay minerals, belong to non-metal minerals and are named after the kaolinite village in Jingdezhen province, the kaolinite mineral components mainly comprise kaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, quartz, feldspar and other minerals, the pure kaolinite is in a pure white, fine and soft soil shape, has good plasticity, fire resistance and other physicochemical properties, has wide application range, is mainly used for paper making, ceramics and refractory materials, secondly, the kaolin clay is used for raw materials of coating, rubber filler, enamel glaze and white cement, and is used for industrial departments such as plastics, paint, pigment, grinding wheels, pencils, daily cosmetics, soap, pesticide, medicine, textile, petroleum, chemical engineering, building materials, national defense and the like in a small amount, and the kaolin clay is a high-quality clay material; montmorillonite can improve shock resistance, fatigue resistance, dimensional stability, gas barrier property and the like, thereby playing a role in enhancing the comprehensive physical properties of the polymer, and simultaneously improving the processability of materials, thereby improving the quality of base materials.
The magnetic separation operation in the third step can be repeated for multiple times to repeatedly carry out magnetic separation on the crushed raw materials to improve the quality of the raw materials, and the impurities contained in the raw materials cannot be removed through single magnetic separation, so that repeated magnetic separation is needed, the impurities in the raw materials can be removed to the maximum extent through repeated magnetic separation, the influence of the impurities on the quality of finished products of the in-glaze color daily-use porcelain is avoided, and the quality of the in-glaze color daily-use porcelain is effectively improved.
The magnesium borate whisker in the fourth step needs to be subjected to sieving treatment after fine grinding, then needs to be subjected to repeated magnetic separation, and can be fully contacted with a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, so that the magnesium borate whisker can be dissolved more fully, the quality of the porcelain clay slurry is effectively improved, and the quality of finished products of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is effectively improved.
And C, mixing the base material and the distilled water in the step five, then stirring, placing in a constant temperature environment at 26 ℃, standing, keeping the constant temperature at 26 ℃, improving the standing effect of the mixture of the base material and the distilled water, and avoiding the change of the base material and the distilled water caused by the change of the environmental temperature.
The pug in the sixth step needs to be put into a vacuum pug mill for vacuum pugging before a die of high-stability in-glaze color household porcelain is pressed in, the quality of the pug can be improved by carrying out vacuum pugging on the pug, when the pug enters a vacuum chamber of the vacuum pug mill, the air pressure in air bubbles in the pug is larger than the air pressure in the vacuum chamber, the air bubbles expand to reduce the pressure and reduce the thickness of the pug film, the strength of the pug film is correspondingly reduced at the moment, when the pressure difference between the air bubbles and the vacuum chamber is enough to break the pug film, the air is pumped away in the vacuum chamber, the pug contains a large amount of air with the air content of 7-10 percent, the existence of the air hinders the wetting of solid particles and water, the plasticity of the pug is reduced, the elastic deformation of the pug during molding is increased to cause product defects, and after the pug is processed in vacuum, the volume of the pug air can be reduced to 0.5% -1%, and due to kneading and extruding effects of the screw on the pug, the directional structure of the pug is improved, the components are more uniform, the blank body shrinkage is reduced, the drying strength is multiplied, so that the water content of the porcelain pug can be reduced, the shrinkage rate of the porcelain pug is reduced, the product performance is obviously improved, the quality of the porcelain pug can be improved, and the final forming quality of the in-glaze color daily porcelain can be improved.
And seventhly, taking out the redundant edge of the dried porcelain blank to enable the edge of the porcelain blank to be smoother, and improving the surface smoothness and the edge smoothness of the porcelain blank, so that the firing effect of the in-glaze color can be improved, the forming quality of the in-glaze color is improved, the occurrence of redundant objects on the surface of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is avoided, the quality of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is effectively improved, and the finished product quality of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is improved.
In conclusion, the high-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain can effectively dry the porcelain blank of the in-glaze color daily porcelain through the steps of the first step, the second step, the third step, the fourth step, the fifth step, the sixth step, the seventh step and the eighth step, so that the water content of the porcelain blank is lower than 3 percent, the shrinkage rate of the porcelain blank can be reduced, the water content of the in-glaze color daily porcelain can be effectively reduced through the preheating and multi-section firing in the eighth step, the shrinkage rate of the in-glaze color daily porcelain can be greatly reduced, the stability of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is effectively improved, and the yield of the in-glaze color daily porcelain is improved.
It should be noted that the term "comprises/comprising" when used in this specification is taken to specify the presence of stated elements, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof, but does not exclude the presence or addition of other elements, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The high-stability in-glaze decoration daily porcelain is characterized in that the manufacturing method of the high-stability in-glaze decoration daily porcelain comprises the following steps:
step one, raw material proportioning: 8% of fluorite, 12% of sepiolite, 4% of barite, 1% of magnesium borate whisker, 10% of sodium alginate and 65% of clay;
step two, selecting ingredients: selecting a mixture formed by combining vermiculite, montmorillonite and kaolin according to the mass ratio of 0.87:1: 5;
step three, crushing raw materials: crushing the selected high-quality barite, fluorite and sepiolite in crushing equipment, screening the barite, fluorite and sepiolite by using a 200-mesh sieve after crushing, carrying out magnetic separation on the powder obtained by screening, mixing the powder with clay after the magnetic separation is finished, placing the mixture obtained after mixing into grinding equipment for fine grinding, screening by using a 380-mesh sieve after the fine grinding is finished, carrying out magnetic separation on the material after screening is finished again, and obtaining a base material after the magnetic separation is finished;
step four, preparing the petuntse slurry: selecting a polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, quickly pouring selected high-quality sodium alginate into the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, quickly stirring the mixed solution by using stirring equipment to quickly dissolve the sodium alginate in the polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution with the concentration of 4 wt%, adding magnesium borate whiskers into the mixed solution after the sodium alginate is completely dissolved, and quickly stirring to dissolve the magnesium borate whiskers to obtain porcelain clay slurry;
step five, manufacturing porcelain pug: putting the base material into stirring equipment, adding a proper amount of distilled water into the base material, starting the stirring equipment to mix and stir the base material and the distilled water, standing for 7 days after uniform mixing, stirring uniformly again after standing is finished, adding the porcelain clay slurry into the stirring equipment, and stirring uniformly together with the uniformly mixed base material and water to obtain porcelain clay;
step six, selecting a mould of the high-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain, and pressing the porcelain pug into the mould to prepare a porcelain blank;
step seven, drying the porcelain blank: putting the prepared porcelain blank into a drying kiln for drying, reducing the water content of the porcelain blank to 14%, taking out the porcelain blank for glaze color loading treatment, and putting the porcelain blank into the drying kiln again for drying until the water content is 2.5%;
step eight, firing the finished product: and (3) neatly stacking the dried porcelain blanks in a firing kiln, raising the temperature of the firing kiln to 700 ℃, keeping the temperature of the firing kiln at 700 ℃ for 0.7 hour for preheating, raising the temperature of the firing kiln to 980 ℃ for firing after preheating is finished, raising the temperature of the firing kiln to 1220 ℃ for firing for 30 minutes after firing for 2 hours, lowering the temperature of the firing kiln to 1140 ℃ for firing for 3 hours, and taking out the high-stability in-glaze daily-use color porcelain after the firing is finished and waiting for the completion of natural cooling.
2. The high stability in-glaze color consumer porcelain of claim 1, wherein: the clay in the first step is formed by mixing kaolin and montmorillonite.
3. The high stability in-glaze color consumer porcelain of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic separation operation in the third step can be repeated for multiple times to repeatedly carry out magnetic separation on the crushed raw materials so as to improve the quality of the raw materials.
4. The high stability in-glaze color consumer porcelain of claim 1, wherein: and the magnesium borate whisker in the fourth step needs to be subjected to sieving treatment after fine grinding, and then needs to be subjected to repeated magnetic separation.
5. The high stability in-glaze color consumer porcelain of claim 1, wherein: and D, mixing the base material in the step five with distilled water, stirring, and standing in a constant temperature environment at 26 ℃.
6. The high stability in-glaze color consumer porcelain of claim 1, wherein: and putting the porcelain pug in the sixth step into a vacuum pug mill for vacuum pugging before pressing the mould of the high-stability in-glaze color daily porcelain.
7. The high stability in-glaze color consumer porcelain of claim 1, wherein: and seventhly, taking out the redundant edge of the dried blank of the porcelain to make the edge of the blank of the porcelain smoother.
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