CN113683198A - River channel ecological restoration method - Google Patents
River channel ecological restoration method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113683198A CN113683198A CN202110942192.8A CN202110942192A CN113683198A CN 113683198 A CN113683198 A CN 113683198A CN 202110942192 A CN202110942192 A CN 202110942192A CN 113683198 A CN113683198 A CN 113683198A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
- E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
- E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/22—O2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of river regulation, in particular to a river ecological restoration method; the method comprises the following steps: step one, treating the areas; step two, dredging and salvaging floaters by adopting a physical treatment method; laying aeration and oxygenation equipment; step four, putting microorganisms; step five, adding a biological agent; step six, cultivating the submerged plants by adopting a seedling throwing method or a cuttage method; and step seven, constructing an artificial ecological floating island. According to the river channel ecological restoration method, the river channel to be managed is divided into sections and regions, and then a physical management method, aeration and oxygenation equipment laying, microorganism throwing, biological agent throwing, submerged plant cultivation and artificial ecological floating island construction are utilized, so that the restoration rate of the eutrophic river channel water body is improved, and the problem of the river channel water quality can be thoroughly solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of river regulation, in particular to a river ecological restoration method.
Background
River pollution is common water body pollution, and the polluted river generally causes black and smelly odor due to microorganism enrichment and excessive pollutants. The ecological system in the black and odorous river is destroyed and cannot be naturally purified, so that the water body is in a continuously deteriorated state. The method not only influences the landscape along the riverway and causes serious visual pollution, but also has negative effects on the local economic development and the ecological environment construction of the area, and needs to be treated urgently.
The traditional river channel treatment usually adopts methods of sediment dredging, river bed hardening, stone building, concrete slope protection and the like, however, the method can only inhibit the further deterioration of the water quality of the eutrophic river channel, but can not completely solve the problem of the water quality of the river channel.
Therefore, a river ecological restoration method is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a river ecological restoration method to solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a river channel ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, treating in a subarea mode, investigating the natural geographic condition and river channel general situation of a river channel to be treated, analyzing and detecting the water quality of the river channel to be treated, and dividing the river channel to be treated into a light pollution area, a moderate pollution area and a severe pollution area according to water quality detection data;
step two, dredging and salvaging floaters by adopting a physical treatment method;
laying aeration and oxygenation equipment, respectively installing purse nets at the edges of the light pollution area, the moderate pollution area and the severe pollution area, and then laying a plurality of aeration and oxygenation equipment in the light pollution area, the moderate pollution area and the severe pollution area;
step four, putting microorganisms;
step five, adding a biological agent;
step six, cultivating the submerged plants by adopting a seedling throwing method or a cuttage method;
and step seven, constructing an artificial ecological floating island.
Specifically, the third step also comprises the steps of determining oxygen consumption characteristic curves of the water quality of the light pollution area, the medium pollution area and the heavy pollution area, predicting oxygen demand according to a treatment target and oxygen consumption, selecting the type of aeration and oxygenation equipment according to the requirement of shipping and landscape of the river channel, and determining the quantity of the laid aeration and oxygenation equipment by referring to the specification parameters of the selected aeration and oxygenation equipment.
Specifically, in the third step, the frequency of the aeration and oxygenation equipment is 3-5 times per day, and the aeration time is 1-2 hours each time.
Specifically, the microorganisms in the fourth step comprise domesticated daphnia magna, nitrobacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria and protozoa, and the method for putting the microorganisms in the fourth step comprises the following steps:
(1) in a light pollution area, mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: (1-1.5): (1-1.5): (3-4) putting the daphnia magna, the nitrobacteria, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the protozoa into a slightly polluted area;
(2) in a medium pollution area, the weight ratio of (1.5-2): (1-2): (1-2): (3-5) putting daphnia magna, nitrobacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria and protozoa into the moderate pollution area;
(3) in a severe pollution area, the weight ratio of (2-3): (2-4): (2-4): and (4-6) putting the daphnia magna, the nitrobacteria, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the protozoa into a heavily polluted area.
Specifically, the biological agent comprises cellulase, protease and polyoxyethylene alkylolamide in a mass ratio of 2:5: 3.
Specifically, the submerged plant in the sixth step is one or more of large arrowhead algae, small arrowhead algae, eel grass, goldfish algae and plantain.
Specifically, the cultivation density of the submerged plants in the sixth step is 100-130 g per square meter.
Specifically, artificial ecological chinampa includes chinampa, rigid coupling planting matrix layer and aquatic plant on the chinampa in the seven steps, the chinampa comprises many parallel arrangement's of each other empty pipe, be provided with the frame around the chinampa, it is the polyethylene net to plant the matrix layer, aquatic plant is one or more in calamus, cattail, red lotus seed, the canna, ties up many aquatic plants together and forms a set of restoration vegetation group, fixes the both ends of restoreing the vegetation in the last planting net gape of polyethylene net.
Specifically, the bottom of the floating island is tied with an anchor or a pile tying rope.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention relates to a river ecological restoration method, which is characterized in that a river to be treated is divided into sections and areas, then a physical treatment method is utilized, surface floaters in the river to be treated and pollutants in river bottom sludge are cleaned firstly, aeration and oxygenation equipment is laid, the content of dissolved oxygen is increased by utilizing the installed aeration and oxygenation equipment, the normal life activities of animals, plants and microorganisms are facilitated, then microorganisms are put into the aeration and oxygenation equipment to filter and eat residual phytoplankton and organic debris, organic matters in a water body are degraded into inorganic matters, and partial inorganic pollutants are reduced and removed, biological agents are utilized, on one hand, primary microorganisms and thrown microorganisms in the water body are promoted to be activated, the absorption and metabolism of the microorganisms are promoted, the pollutant of the bottom sludge is controlled to be released into the water body, on the other hand, the colony total amount and the biological activity of dominant microorganisms in the water body are increased, so as to solve the problem of black and odor, the water quality is improved, the construction of the artificial ecological floating island is combined, and the developed root system of the aquatic plant is utilized to absorb nutritive salt in the water body, so that the pollution load in the water body is reduced, the water quality is improved in an auxiliary mode, meanwhile, a habitat is provided for microorganisms, the normal life activity of the microorganisms is facilitated, the balance of a water body ecological system is facilitated to restore, and the self-purification capacity of the water body is enhanced.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
A section of urban river channels in a certain city are selected, the total length of the river channels is about 600 meters, the average width of the water surface is about 15 meters, the average depth of water is about 3.5 meters, the area of a water area is about 9000 square meters, the normal water storage capacity of the river channels is about 26000 cubic meters, and the thickness of bottom mud is about 1 meter. By surveying the general situation of the river channel, the river channel is found to be in a semi-closed state, and the pollution source of the river channel is mainly surface runoff formed by domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and rainwater which are discharged from nearby residential areas to wash the ground; the river contains a large amount of organic matters, dissolved oxygen in water can be seriously consumed in the process of decomposing macromolecular organic matters, the content of the dissolved oxygen in the water is reduced, an aqueous ecological system is damaged, the water pollution is aggravated, and the black and odorous matters are serious; in addition, the bottom mud accumulated for a long time releases pollutants to the water body, the internal pollution is serious, the serious bottom mud upturning phenomenon occurs in most of the riverways, and the transparency of the water body is poor.
A river channel ecological restoration method comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the river channel to be treated into a moderate pollution area and a slight pollution area according to the water transparency of less than 20cm, the water transparency of 20-30 cm and the water transparency of more than 30 cm;
(2) dredging and salvaging floating objects by adopting a physical treatment method;
(3) paving aeration and oxygenation equipment, respectively installing purse nets at the edges of a slight pollution area, a moderate pollution area and a severe pollution area, and then paving a plurality of aeration and oxygenation equipment in the slight pollution area, the moderate pollution area and the severe pollution area; determining oxygen consumption characteristic curves of water quality determination of a light pollution area, a moderate pollution area and a heavy pollution area, predicting oxygen demand according to a treatment target and oxygen consumption, selecting the type of aeration and oxygenation equipment according to the requirement of shipping and landscape on a river channel, and determining the quantity of the laid aeration and oxygenation equipment by referring to the specification parameters of the selected aeration and oxygenation equipment; the frequency of aeration oxygenation equipment is 3-5 times per day, and the aeration time is 1-2 hours each time; the dissolved oxygen content is increased by installing aeration and oxygenation equipment, so that normal life activities of animals, plants and microorganisms are facilitated;
(4) putting microorganisms, wherein the microorganisms comprise domesticated daphnia magna, nitrobacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria and protozoa, and the method for putting the microorganisms in the fourth step comprises the following steps:
A. in a light pollution area, mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: (1-1.5): (1-1.5): (3-4) putting the daphnia magna, the nitrobacteria, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the protozoa into a slightly polluted area, wherein the proportion of the microorganisms put into the slightly polluted area can be freely selected;
B. in a medium pollution area, the weight ratio of (1.5-2): (1-2): (1-2): (3-5) putting the daphnia magna, the nitrobacteria, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the protozoa into a moderate pollution area, wherein the proportion of the microorganisms put into the moderate pollution area can be freely selected;
C. in a severe pollution area, the weight ratio of (2-3): (2-4): (2-4): (4-6) putting the daphnia magna, the nitrobacteria, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the protozoa into the heavily polluted area, wherein the proportion of the microorganisms put into the heavily polluted area can be freely selected.
(5) Putting a biological agent, wherein the biological agent consists of cellulase, protease and polyoxyethylene alkylolamide in a mass ratio of 2:5: 3;
(6) cultivating submerged plants by adopting a seedling throwing method or a cuttage method, wherein the submerged plants are one or more of large-arrowroot algae, small-arrowroot algae, common sowthistle herbs, hornworts and water plantains, and the cultivation density of the submerged plants is 100-130 g/square meter;
(7) constructing an artificial ecological floating island, wherein the artificial ecological floating island comprises a floating island, a planting matrix layer and aquatic plants, the planting matrix layer and the aquatic plants are fixedly connected to the floating island, the floating island is composed of a plurality of hollow pipes which are arranged in parallel, a frame is arranged around the floating island, the planting matrix layer is a polyethylene net, the aquatic plants are one or more of calamus, cattail, red lotus seeds and canna, a plurality of aquatic plants are bound together to form a group of restoration plant groups, two ends of each restoration plant group are fixed in an upper planting net opening of the polyethylene net, and the bottom of the floating island is tied with an anchor or a pile tying rope; the nutrient salt in the water body is absorbed by the developed root system of the aquatic plant, so that the pollution load in the water body is reduced, the water quality is improved in an auxiliary mode, meanwhile, a habitat is provided for microorganisms, the normal life activity of the microorganisms is facilitated, the balance of a water body ecological system is restored, and the self-cleaning capacity of the water body is enhanced.
According to the ecological conditions of the water body water of the river channel, the practical appearance and the degree of the eutrophication of the water body are combined, and the targeted treatment work of the black and odorous river channel is implemented through biological treatment and ecological maintenance technologies; after the biological ecological treatment, the odor of the riverway water body is eliminated within 20d, the transparency is increased, the water quality is obviously improved, the self-purification capacity of the water body is gradually recovered, and the main water quality index of the water body reaches the V-class water standard of surface water. With the daily maintenance of later-stage organisms, the river water ecosystem is gradually restored.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The ecological restoration method for the river channel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, treating in a subarea mode, investigating the natural geographic condition and river channel general situation of a river channel to be treated, analyzing and detecting the water quality of the river channel to be treated, and dividing the river channel to be treated into a light pollution area, a moderate pollution area and a severe pollution area according to water quality detection data;
step two, dredging and salvaging floaters by adopting a physical treatment method;
laying aeration and oxygenation equipment, respectively installing purse nets at the edges of the light pollution area, the moderate pollution area and the severe pollution area, and then laying a plurality of aeration and oxygenation equipment in the light pollution area, the moderate pollution area and the severe pollution area;
step four, putting microorganisms;
step five, adding a biological agent;
step six, cultivating the submerged plants by adopting a seedling throwing method or a cuttage method;
and step seven, constructing an artificial ecological floating island.
2. The ecological restoration method for the river channel according to claim 1, wherein the third step further comprises the steps of determining oxygen consumption characteristic curves of the lightly polluted area, the moderately polluted area and the heavily polluted area according to water quality, predicting oxygen demand according to treatment targets and oxygen consumption, selecting types of aeration and oxygenation equipment according to the requirements of shipping and landscapes of the river channel, and determining the number of the laid aeration and oxygenation equipment by referring to the specification parameters of the selected aeration and oxygenation equipment.
3. The ecological restoration method for the riverway according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of the aeration and oxygenation equipment in the third step is 3-5 times per day, and the aeration time is 1-2 hours each time.
4. The ecological restoration method for the riverway according to claim 1, wherein the microorganisms in the fourth step comprise domesticated daphnia magna, nitrobacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria and protozoa, and the method for releasing the microorganisms in the fourth step comprises the following steps:
(1) in a light pollution area, mixing the components in a weight ratio of 1: (1-1.5): (1-1.5): (3-4) putting the daphnia magna, the nitrobacteria, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the protozoa into a slightly polluted area;
(2) in a medium pollution area, the weight ratio of (1.5-2): (1-2): (1-2): (3-5) putting daphnia magna, nitrobacteria, phosphorus accumulating bacteria and protozoa into the moderate pollution area;
(3) in a severe pollution area, the weight ratio of (2-3): (2-4): (2-4): and (4-6) putting the daphnia magna, the nitrobacteria, the phosphorus accumulating bacteria and the protozoa into a heavily polluted area.
5. The ecological restoration method for the river channel according to claim 1, wherein the biological agent comprises cellulase, protease and polyoxyethylene alkylolamide in a mass ratio of 2:5: 3.
6. The method for restoring the ecology of a river channel according to claim 1, wherein the submerged plants in the sixth step are one or more of the group consisting of the macrobrachium nipponensis, the ministratum incarnatum, the eel grass, the goldfish algae and the plantago asiatica.
7. The ecological restoration method for the riverway, according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation density of the submerged plants in the sixth step is 100-130 g per square meter.
8. The ecological riverway restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the artificial ecological floating island in the seventh step comprises a floating island, a planting substrate layer fixedly connected to the floating island, and aquatic plants, the floating island is composed of a plurality of hollow pipes arranged in parallel, a frame is arranged around the floating island, the planting substrate layer is a polyethylene net, the aquatic plants are one or more of calamus, cattail, red lotus seed and canna, a plurality of aquatic plants are bound together to form a set of restoration plant group, and two ends of the restoration plant group are fixed in an upper planting net opening of the polyethylene net.
9. The ecological restoration method for river channels according to claim 8, wherein the bottom of the floating island is tied with anchors or pile ropes.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114604973A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-10 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Method for repairing endogenous pollution of water body |
CN114861996A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-05 | 江苏瑞沃农业发展集团有限公司 | Method and system for treating large water surface pollution of reservoir |
CN115184570A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-14 | 南京景古梧桐语生态科技有限公司 | Polluted river ecological restoration and treatment method based on plain river network area |
CN115583736A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-01-10 | 江苏世邦生物工程科技有限公司 | Method for ecologically restoring black and odorous water body by utilizing compound microbial inoculant |
-
2021
- 2021-08-17 CN CN202110942192.8A patent/CN113683198A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114604973A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-10 | 北京城市排水集团有限责任公司 | Method for repairing endogenous pollution of water body |
CN115583736A (en) * | 2022-04-01 | 2023-01-10 | 江苏世邦生物工程科技有限公司 | Method for ecologically restoring black and odorous water body by utilizing compound microbial inoculant |
CN114861996A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-08-05 | 江苏瑞沃农业发展集团有限公司 | Method and system for treating large water surface pollution of reservoir |
CN115184570A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-14 | 南京景古梧桐语生态科技有限公司 | Polluted river ecological restoration and treatment method based on plain river network area |
CN115184570B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-07-18 | 南京景古梧桐语生态科技有限公司 | Polluted river ecological restoration and treatment method based on plain river network area |
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