CN210133934U

CN210133934U - Composite fish reef system for controlling water grass coverage area of grass-type lake

Info

Publication number: CN210133934U
Application number: CN201920306665.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 车轩; 刘兴国; 王健; 朱浩; 周寅
Original assignee: Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of CAFS
Current assignee: Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute of CAFS
Priority date: 2019-03-12
Filing date: 2019-03-12
Publication date: 2020-03-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-12

Abstract

The utility model relates to a composite fish reef system for controlling the water grass coverage area of a grass-type lake, which comprises a fish reef and a shallow water grass-type lake; the fish reef is provided with a plurality of layers of artificial fish reef plates with gradually increasing areas from top to bottom, and the artificial fish reef plates of each layer are supported and fixed by adopting wood piles to form a whole; the fish reefs are distributed and sunk in the shallow pasture type lake and cover the submerged pasture at the corresponding parts in the shallow pasture type lake, so that the pasture at the positions can not grow, and the ecological environment is prevented from being deteriorated due to excessive pasture. The utility model has simple facilities and simple process, and can effectively reduce the water grass coverage area of the grass-type lake; providing a suitable living and breeding place for the fishes, and recovering the fish population structure; the fish reef made of the environment-friendly material with high porosity and high water permeability and the timber pile has the advantages of good environment friendliness, no pollution to water, self-degradation after a long time, and effective solving of the problem that the artificial fish reef made of the traditional building material blocks the ecological chain of the water-soil interface at the bottom of the lake.

Description

Composite fish reef system for controlling water grass coverage area of grass-type lake

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an ecological recovery device in grass type lake and method particularly, is a compound fish reef system of control grass type lake pasture and water coverage area and founds the method, belongs to lake ecological recovery and protection technical field.

Background

The freshwater lake has the ecological functions of regulating regional water resources, purifying water quality, regulating local climate, retaining flood, protecting species diversity and the like, and particularly, the freshwater shallow lake type wetland ecosystem is an important habitat for wild animals and plants such as freshwater fishes, aquatic plants and the like. However, due to the influence of natural factors and human activities, industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater in a receiving basin of many lakes are polluted, water bodies are polluted, wetland ecosystems are seriously damaged, and water quality is deteriorating year by year.

At present, organic pollutants are deposited in a plurality of lakes in China for years, the bottom of the lake rises, large-scale water plants flood and cause disasters, the diversity of the water plants is reduced, and the eutrophication degree and the swampiness degree are increased year by year. Researches show that the coverage rate of the aquatic plants in a certain proportion has a good promoting effect on the material circulation of lakes, and can purify water, but the coverage area of the aquatic plants exceeds 70 percent, so that the water is anoxic at night, the survival of aquatic organisms is influenced, the biodiversity index is reduced, especially in high-temperature seasons, the aquatic plants die and rot greatly, dissolved oxygen is quickly consumed, rich nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus are released, the water dissolved oxygen drops suddenly, the water quality deteriorates rapidly, other aquatic organisms die, an ecological system is damaged, and fishery resources decline.

At present, ecological restoration of shallow polluted lakes is a big problem in China, the aquatic weeds in natural water areas are mainly controlled by manual salvaging, time and labor are wasted, cost is high, and on the other hand, the aquatic weeds grow fast and cover the water surface quickly after salvaging, so that the effect is poor.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at developing a facility and a method for controlling the water grass coverage area of a grass-type lake aiming at the current situations of water quality eutrophication, overlarge water grass coverage and fishery resource recession of shallow lake water areas.

The utility model adopts the following technical proposal:

a composite fish reef system for controlling the water and grass coverage area of a grass-type lake comprises a fish reef 3 and a shallow water grass-type lake; the fish shelter 3 is provided with a plurality of layers of artificial fish shelter plates 2 with gradually increasing areas from top to bottom, and the artificial fish shelter plates 2 are supported and fixed by adopting the wooden piles 1 to form a whole; the plurality of fish reefs 3 are distributed and sunk in the shallow grass type lake to cover the submerged type aquatic plants at the corresponding parts in the shallow grass type lake.

Further, the artificial fish reef plate 2 does not adopt reinforced cement, but adopts an environment-friendly material with high porosity and high water permeability.

Furthermore, the environment-friendly material with high porosity and high water permeability takes the plant ash as a main material, and is actually a mixed material of the plant ash and the lignite.

Further, have a through-hole in the middle of the artificial fish reef panel 2, supply the fish to swim and perch among them.

Further, artificial fish reef panel 2 is square, stake 1 is cylindrical.

Further, the dimensions of the fish reef 3 were 1.5m × 1.5m × 0.6 m.

Furthermore, the putting area proportion of the fish reef 3 accounts for 10% -15% of the area of the target lake.

According to the component method of the composite fish reef system, a plurality of fish reefs 3 are vertically thrown into a set area of the shallow pasture type lake, and the throwing area of the fish reefs 3 accounts for 13.5% of the area of a target lake.

Furthermore, the area of the shallow waterweed type lake is 1500 mu, and the water depth range is 1-1.8 m.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

1) the utility model has simple facilities and simple process, and can effectively reduce the water grass coverage area of the grass-type lake;

2) provides a suitable living and breeding place for the fishes, restores the fish population structure, has considerable ecological benefit and achieves multiple purposes;

3) the excessive aquatic weed breeding is prevented by using a physical method, the pertinence is strong, the effect is obvious, and the labor cost of aquatic weed management is reduced;

4) the fish reef made of the environment-friendly material with high porosity and high water permeability and the timber pile has the advantages of good environment friendliness, no pollution to water, self-degradation after a long time, and effective solving of the problem that the artificial fish reef made of the traditional building material blocks the ecological chain of the water-soil interface at the bottom of the lake.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fish reef in the present invention.

Fig. 2 is an elevation view of the composite fish reef system for controlling the grass-type lake water grass coverage area of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, a timber pile and 2, an artificial fish reef plate.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Referring to fig. 1-2, a composite fish reef system for controlling the water and grass coverage area of grass-type lakes, comprising a fish reef 3, a shallow water grass-type lake; the fish shelter 3 is provided with a plurality of layers of artificial fish shelter plates 2 with gradually increasing areas from top to bottom, and the artificial fish shelter plates 2 are supported and fixed by adopting the wooden piles 1 to form a whole; the fish reefs 3 are distributed and sunk in the shallow grass type lake to cover the submerged grass on the corresponding parts in the shallow grass type lake.

In this embodiment, the artificial fish reef plate 2 does not use reinforced cement, but uses an environment-friendly material with high porosity and high water permeability.

In this embodiment, the high-porosity and high-water-permeability environment-friendly material takes the plant ash as a main material, and is actually a mixed material of the plant ash and the lignite.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the artificial fish reef plate 2 has a through hole in the middle thereof for fish to swim and perch therein.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the artificial fish reef plate 2 has a square shape, and the wooden piles 1 have a cylindrical shape.

According to the component method of the composite fish reef system, the plurality of fish reefs 3 are vertically put in the set area of the shallow grass type lake, and the putting area of the fish reefs 3 accounts for 13.5% of the area of the target lake. The area of the shallow grass type lake is 1500 mu, and the water depth range is 1-1.8 m.

The putting area proportion of the artificial fish reef is about 13.5 percent. This scheme can be with pasture and water coverage area effective control in the region within 70%, prevents that the pasture and water from breeding excessively, reduces the manpower management degree of difficulty, makes the shoal of fish structure resume gradually, maintains good ecosystem balance.

The grass type lake has shallow water level and good light transmittance of the water body, is suitable for growth of the water plants, and the water eutrophication aggravates the trend, so that the water plants are easy to excessively propagate and are difficult to control. The scheme is applied to reduce the aquatic weed coverage area of the grass-type lake in which aquatic weeds are excessively propagated, and realizes fishery resource proliferation. If the artificial fish reef is thrown in the grass-type lake according to the area of 15 percent, the water and grass coverage area of the whole lake can be controlled to be 70 percent.

Artificial fish reefs are an important means for the recovery and protection of fishery resources. At present, the traditional artificial fish reef is mainly made of concrete and steel plates, the water permeability is poor, the survival of aquatic animals, plants and microorganisms is not facilitated, the natural relation of a water-soil interface at the bottom of a lake can be blocked by directly putting the fish reef made of the material in the lake, and the risk of influencing the ecological chain of the whole lake exists. Therefore, this scheme utilization uses the environmental protection material preparation artificial fish reef panel of grass and wood ash sediment as the main material, has high porosity, high water permeability, resistant characteristics of erodeing, puts in the lake can become a whole with lake bottom ecosystem connection, and porous artificial fish reef panel provides the attachment space for microorganism and benthos in the bed mud, forms little ecosystem, is favorable to the material circulation and the ecological relation at water and soil interface, has certain water purification effect. The composite artificial fish reef is composed of plates and wood piles, is of a multilayer structure, provides habitat for fishes, and is beneficial to fishery resource proliferation.

Specific examples are as follows: 1500 mu of grass type lake areas are selected in the white lake, the water depth of the areas is 1-1.8 m, the water grass coverage area exceeds 95%, in 8-9 months of each year, a large amount of water grass dies and decays to cause water quality deterioration, and excessively propagated water grass blocks a channel to influence the passing of ships. 60000 composite artificial fish reefs are put in the region, the size of the fish reefs is 1.5m multiplied by 0.6m, and the putting area proportion of the artificial fish reefs is about 13.5%. This scheme can be with pasture and water coverage area effective control in the region within 70%, prevents that the pasture and water from breeding excessively, reduces the manpower management degree of difficulty, makes the shoal of fish structure resume gradually, maintains good ecosystem balance.

The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or improvements on the above embodiments without departing from the general concept of the present invention, and these changes or improvements should fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a control grass type lake pasture and water coverage area's compound fish reef system which characterized in that:

comprises a fish reef (3) and a shallow grass type lake;

the fish shelter (3) is provided with a plurality of layers of artificial fish shelter plates (2) with gradually increasing areas from top to bottom, and the artificial fish shelter plates (2) are supported and fixed by adopting wood piles (1) to form a whole;

the fish reefs (3) are distributed and sunk in the shallow grass type lake to cover the submerged type aquatic plants at the corresponding parts in the shallow grass type lake.

2. The composite fish reef system for controlling the grass type lake water grass coverage area of claim 1 wherein: the artificial fish reef plate (2) does not adopt reinforced cement, but adopts environment-friendly materials with high porosity and high water permeability.

3. The composite fish reef system for controlling the grass type lake water grass coverage area of claim 2 wherein: the environment-friendly material with high porosity and high water permeability is a mixed material of plant ash and lignite.

4. The composite fish reef system for controlling the grass type lake water grass coverage area of claim 1 wherein: have a through-hole in the middle of artificial fish reef panel (2), supply the fish to swim and perch among them.

5. The composite fish reef system for controlling the grass type lake water grass coverage area of claim 1 wherein: the artificial fish reef plate (2) is square, and the wooden pile (1) is cylindrical.

6. The composite fish reef system for controlling the grass type lake water grass coverage area of claim 1 wherein: the dimensions of the fish reef (3) are 1.5m × 1.5m × 0.6 m.

7. The composite fish reef system for controlling the grass type lake water grass coverage area of claim 1 wherein: the putting area proportion of the fish reef (3) accounts for 10-15% of the area of the target lake.