CN113681665B - Straw skin, pulp and leaf separating device for preparing straw fibers for road - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a straw skin, pulp and leaf separating device for preparing straw fibers for roads, belongs to the field of road engineering, and aims to solve the problems that the efficiency of separating the skin, pulp and leaves of the existing straw is low, the separation of the skin is not thorough, and the mechanical structure is complex. The invention discloses a separating device for separating skin and pulp of straws for preparing straw fibers, which is characterized in that a feeding device, a leaf removing device, a clamping and conveying device, a cutting and unfolding device and a pulp scraping device are sequentially arranged in the separating device along the feeding direction of the straws to form a group of separating devices, the multi-component separating device is arranged on a rack, the feeding device comprises a fixed roller and a clamping piece, the leaf removing device comprises a scraper, the clamping and conveying device comprises a rotating roller and a pushing piece, the cutting and unfolding device comprises a cutting knife and an unfolding plate, the unfolding plate is positioned at the rear part of the cutting knife and is in a left-right unfolding shape, and the pulp scraping device comprises a front scraper and a rear scraper. The feeding device and the clamping and conveying device in the straw skin-pulp-leaf separating device provide forward power, and the skin, pulp and leaves are thoroughly separated.

Description

Straw bark, pulp and leaf separation device for road straw fiber preparation

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of road engineering, and in particular relates to a device for completely stripping straw husks from corn straws.

Background technique

With the continuous increase of my country's grain production, the output of straw also increases every harvest season, including nearly 260 million tons of corn straw. At present, the commonly used method of processing corn is to use part of the straw as feed, fertilizer, and ferment it into biogas and other new energy sources. A small part is separated and extracted for different components, and most of them are burned and buried, which can be recycled. Utilize less than 40%, so not only the energy is wasted, but also the environment will be polluted.

Straw contains cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other components. Straw fiber has a strong tensile effect, and studies have shown that adding straw fiber is beneficial to improve the road performance of asphalt mixture. If straw fiber is used in pavement materials, it can not only prolong the service life of the road, reduce the construction cost, but also meet the requirements of environmental protection.

One of the most important reasons why straw cannot be recycled efficiently is that the leaves, bark, and pulp of straw have not been separated. Due to the difference between the diameters of the stalks, the currently developed machinery has insufficient power to transport forward, resulting in incomplete separation of the three parts of the bark and leaf.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims to solve the problems of low efficiency of separating straw bark, pulp and leaf, incomplete separation of bark and complex mechanical structure, and provides a straw bark, pulp and leaf separating device for road straw fiber preparation.

The straw bark, pulp and leaf separation device for road straw fiber preparation of the present invention includes a frame, a feeding device, a leaf removal device, a cutting and unfolding device, a clamping and conveying device, and a conveyor belt. The device, the leaf removing device, the clamping and conveying device, the cutting and unfolding device and the scraping device form a set of separation devices, and there are multiple sets of separation devices on the frame;

Wherein the feeding device includes fixed rollers and clamping parts, the feeding device is installed on the support plate, and a first slide groove is formed along the transverse direction of the support plate, the clamping part slides in the first slide groove, and the lower part of the support plate is provided with A plurality of springs, one end of the spring is fixed on the support plate, the other end of the spring is connected with the clamping piece, and the rotation axis of the fixed roller is fixed on the support plate;

The leaf removing device is composed of a first leaf removing roller and a second leaf removing roller with the same structure. The first leaf removing roller and the second leaf removing roller are arranged oppositely. scraper;

The clamping and conveying device includes a rotating roller, a push piece, a connecting plate and a second sliding groove, the connecting plate is located between the leaf removing device and the cutting and unfolding device, and a second sliding groove is formed along the transverse direction of the connecting plate, and the pushing piece slides in the second Sliding in the groove, the rotating roller and the pushing piece are arranged oppositely, the lower part of the connecting plate is provided with a plurality of spring pieces, one end of the spring piece is fixed on the connecting plate, the other end of the spring piece is connected with the pushing piece, and the rotating shaft of the turning roller is fixed on the connecting plate. board;

The cutting and unfolding device and the scraping device are located above the conveyor belt. The cutting and unfolding device includes a cutting knife and a spreading plate. The spreading plate is located at the rear of the cutting knife, and the spreading plate is unfolded left and right;

The crumb scraping device includes a front scraper and a rear scraper, the front scraper and the rear scraper are arranged front and back, and the front scraper and the rear scraper have an obtuse angle structure.

The structure of the feeding device and the clamping and conveying device of the present invention is similar. In addition to providing forward power, the feeding device and the clamping and conveying device mainly also play the role of fixing the position of the straw, including four directions of up, down, left, and right, so that the straw The three parts of the pulp and leaf can be separated precisely. The conveyor belt can not only provide the power to transport the straw forward, but also can prevent the pulp scraped by the front scraper from entering the cutting and unfolding device under the double insurance of the baffle, which will affect the normal operation of the device.

The straw bark pulp leaf separation device for road straw fiber preparation of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. The gap between the feeding rollers can be changed with the change of the diameter of the straw, and when the feeding gap becomes larger, a certain clamping force is maintained to push the straw forward.

2. The device can simultaneously separate straw bark, pulp and leaves in multiple channels to improve feeding efficiency.

3. In this device, the two steps of cutting and unfolding are carried out continuously and combined into one structure, which simplifies the mechanical structure and saves materials;

4. Applying the straw bark, pulp and leaf separation device can completely separate the bark, pulp and leaves of the straw, and the separation effect is good.

The straw bark, pulp and leaf separation device for road straw fiber preparation of the present invention improves the deficiencies in the existing equipment, and separates the leaf and pulp structure while accurately separating the skin of the provided part of the straw fiber. Recycle.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the straw bark, pulp and leaf separation device used for preparing road straw fiber of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a cutting and unfolding device and a scraping device on a conveyor belt;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of feeding device;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the leaf removing device.

Detailed ways

Specific Embodiment 1: The straw bark, pulp and leaf separation device used for road straw fiber preparation in this embodiment includes a frame, a feeding device, a leaf removal device, a cutting and unfolding device, a clamping and conveying device, a scraper and a conveyor belt 12, along the straw In the feeding direction, a feeding device, a leaf removing device, a clamping and conveying device, a cutting and unfolding device and a scraping device are arranged in turn to form a set of separation devices, and multiple sets of separation devices are arranged on the frame;

The feeding device includes a fixed roller 1 and a clamping part 2, the feeding device is installed on the support plate 3, and a first sliding groove 4 is opened along the transverse direction of the supporting plate 3, and the clamping part 2 slides in the first sliding groove 4 , the lower part of the support plate 3 is provided with a plurality of springs, one end of the spring is fixed on the support plate 3, the other end of the spring is connected with the clamping member 2, and the rotating shaft 5 of the fixed roller 1 is fixed on the support plate 3;

The leaf removal device is made up of the first leaf removal roller 7 and the second leaf removal roller 8 with the same structure, the first leaf removal roller 7 and the second leaf removal roller 8 are arranged oppositely, and the first leaf removal roller 7 is radially arranged with multiple a scraper 6 with a notched blade;

The clamping and conveying device includes a rotating roller 9-1, a push piece 9-2, a connecting plate 9-3 and a second sliding groove 9-4, and the connecting plate 9-3 is located between the leaf removing device and the cutting and unfolding device, along the connecting plate The lateral direction of 9-3 is provided with a second sliding groove 9-4, and the pushing member 9-2 slides in the second sliding groove 9-4, the rotating roller 9-1 and the pushing member 9-2 are arranged oppositely, and the connecting plate 9-3 The lower part of the spring is provided with a plurality of spring parts, one end of the spring part is fixed on the connecting plate 9-3, the other end of the spring part is connected with the pushing part 9-2, and the rotating shaft of the turning roller 9-1 is fixed on the connecting plate 9-3 ;

The cutting and unfolding device and the scraping device are located above the conveyor belt 12. The cutting and unfolding device includes a cutting knife 10 and a spreading plate 11. The spreading plate 11 is located at the rear of the cutting knife 10, and the spreading plate 11 is unfolded left and right;

The pulp scraping device includes a front scraper 13 and a rear scraper 14, the front scraper 13 and the rear scraper 14 are arranged front and rear, and the front scraper 13 and the rear scraper 14 are in an obtuse angle structure.

Embodiment 2: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the surfaces of the fixing roller 1 and the clamping member 2 are wrapped with high elastic rubber.

Embodiment 3: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 in that the first defoliating roller 7 is provided with five scrapers 6 along the radial direction.

Embodiment 4: This embodiment differs from Embodiments 1 to 3 in that the scraper 6 has a quadrilateral notch blade 6-1.

The structural schematic diagram of the scraper in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 4 .

Embodiment 5: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 4 is that a leaf collecting groove is arranged under the leaf removing device.

In this embodiment, the leaf collecting trough is used to collect straw leaves. The leaf collecting trough is an extraction structure, which is convenient for taking out the scraped leaves. The leaf collecting trough runs through the entire machine frame in the horizontal direction.

Embodiment 6: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 5 in that the distance between the cutting knife 10 and the unfolding plate 11 and the conveyor belt 12 below is 3-4 mm.

Embodiment 7: This embodiment differs from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 6 in that a right-angle baffle 15 is arranged in front of the front scraper 13 .

Embodiment 8: The difference between this embodiment and one of Embodiments 1 to 7 is that a crepe receiving groove is arranged under the conveyor belt 12 .

In this embodiment, the crumb receiving trough is used to collect straw crumbs, and the crumb receiving trough runs through the entire frame along the transverse direction.

Embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 to Embodiment 8 in that 4 to 6 groups of separating devices are arranged on the frame.

Embodiment 10: This embodiment differs from Embodiments 1 to 9 in that an inlet 16 is provided at the front end of each group of separation devices, and an outlet 17 is provided at the rear end of each group of separation devices.

Embodiment: In this embodiment, the straw bark, pulp and leaf separation device for road straw fiber preparation includes a frame, a feeding device, a leaf removal device, a cutting and unfolding device, a clamping and conveying device, and a conveyor belt 12, along which the corn stalks are fed The feeding device, leaf removing device, clamping and conveying device, cutting and spreading device and scraping device are arranged in sequence in the direction to form a set of separation devices, and there are 5 sets of separation devices on the frame;

The feeding device includes a fixed roller 1 and a clamping part 2, the feeding device is installed on the support plate 3, and a first sliding groove 4 is opened along the transverse direction of the supporting plate 3, and the clamping part 2 slides in the first sliding groove 4 , the lower part of the support plate 3 is provided with a plurality of springs, the number of springs is the same as that of the feeding device, one end of the spring is fixed on the support plate 3, the other end of the spring is connected with the clamping piece 2, and the rotating shaft 5 of the fixed roller 1 is fixed on the support plate 3;

The leaf removal device is made up of the first leaf removal roller 7 and the second leaf removal roller 8 with the same structure, the first leaf removal roller 7 and the second leaf removal roller 8 are arranged oppositely, and the first leaf removal roller 7 is provided with 5 A scraper 6 with a quadrilateral notch blade;

The clamping and conveying device includes a rotating roller 9-1, a push piece 9-2, a connecting plate 9-3 and a second sliding groove 9-4, and the connecting plate 9-3 is located between the leaf removing device and the cutting and unfolding device, along the connecting plate The lateral direction of 9-3 is provided with a second sliding groove 9-4, and the pushing member 9-2 slides in the second sliding groove 9-4, the rotating roller 9-1 and the pushing member 9-2 are arranged oppositely, and the connecting plate 9-3 The lower part of the spring is provided with a plurality of spring parts, and the number of the spring parts is the same as that of the clamping and transporting device. One end of the spring parts is fixed on the connecting plate 9-3, and the other end of the spring parts is connected with the push part 9-2, and the turning roller 9- The rotating shaft of 1 is fixed on the connecting plate 9-3;

The cutting and unfolding device and the scraping device are located above the conveyor belt 12. The distance between the cutting and spreading device and the lower conveyor belt is 3-4mm. The cutting and spreading device includes a cutting knife 10 and a spreading plate 11. The spreading plate 11 is located at the rear of the cutting knife 10. The arc is unfolded, the feed end of the straw is cut by the cutting knife 10, and after cutting, it is flattened along the arc of the unfolding plate, and the cut straw is divided into pieces on the conveyor belt 12. Under the joint action of the holding and conveying device, push it to the scraping device;

The scraper device includes a front scraper 13 and a rear scraper 14, the bottom of the front scraper 13 and the rear scraper 14 have blades, the front scraper 13 is 2-3mm away from the conveyor belt, the rear scraper 14 is 1-2mm away from the conveyor belt, the front scraper 13 and the rear scraper 14 Arranged front and back, the front scraper 13 and the rear scraper 14 are obtuse-angled. The pulp scraping device cleans the pulp inside the straw for the second time, so that the closely bonded skin and pulp are completely separated. The knife is in the shape of an obtuse angle. Falling to the crumb receiving trough below, in order to prevent the scraped straw crumbs from flying into the cutting and unfolding device and hindering its operation, a right-angle baffle 15 is set in front of the scraper, and a crumb receiving trough is arranged below the device for collecting straw crumbs.

The application process of the straw bark pulp leaf separation device for road straw fiber preparation in this embodiment is as follows:

First, insert the corn stalks from the feeding port into the feeding device. According to the thickness of the corn stalks, the spring can automatically adjust the compression amount, and rely on the elasticity of the spring to accurately and firmly clamp the corn stalks. The straw is transported forward to the leaf removal device for leaf removal. The leaf removal function mainly relies on the function of the rotating scraper to scrape off or tear off the leaves outside the corn stalks, and the separated leaves will fall into the leaf collecting trough below for recycling; After being transported forward to the clamping transport device under action, the forward transport power will be provided by the feeding device and the clamping transport device. After continuing to be transported to the conveyor belt, the forward transport force will be provided by these three parts together, which has ensured sufficient power, so that the corn stalks can smoothly pass through the force generated by the next cutting, flattening and other actions. The cutting knife cuts the corn stalk from the middle and lower part to the upper part, and flattens the cut part under the action of the unfolding plate (arc plate). When the corn stalk is flattened, the corn stalk pulp is also subjected to certain pressure. The rolling effect makes it pass through the baffle smoothly. After passing through the baffle, most of the pulp will be scraped off by the front scraper, and the pulp that has not been completely separated from the skin will be completely scraped off under the action of the rear scraper, and the separated pulp will fall from the conveyor belt to the receiving pulp directly below recycling in tanks. The corn stalks that are finally removed from the leaves and husks are output from the discharge port.

The straw bark and leaf separation device for road straw fiber preparation in this embodiment can completely separate the straw bark and leaves, and can separate the straw bark and leaves simultaneously in multiple channels, improving the separation efficiency.

Claims (9)

1. The device is characterized by comprising a machine frame, a feeding device, a leaf removing device, a cutting and unfolding device, a clamping and conveying device and a conveying belt (12), wherein the feeding device, the leaf removing device, the clamping and conveying device, the cutting and unfolding device and the pulp scraping device are sequentially arranged along the feeding direction of straws to form a group of separating devices, and the machine frame is provided with a multi-component separating device;

the feeding device comprises a fixed roller (1) and a clamping piece (2), the feeding device is installed on a supporting plate (3), a first sliding groove (4) is formed in the supporting plate (3) in the transverse direction, the clamping piece (2) slides in the first sliding groove (4), a plurality of springs are arranged on the lower portion of the supporting plate (3), one ends of the springs are fixed on the supporting plate (3), the other ends of the springs are connected with the clamping piece (2), and a rotating shaft (5) of the fixed roller (1) is fixed on the supporting plate (3);

the leaf removing device consists of a first leaf removing roller (7) and a second leaf removing roller (8) which have the same structure, the first leaf removing roller (7) and the second leaf removing roller (8) are oppositely arranged, and a plurality of scrapers (6) with nicked cutting edges are radially arranged on the first leaf removing roller (7);

the clamping and conveying device comprises a rotating roller (9-1), a pushing member (9-2), a connecting plate (9-3) and a second sliding groove (9-4), the connecting plate (9-3) is located between the leaf removing device and the cutting and unfolding device, the second sliding groove (9-4) is formed in the transverse direction of the connecting plate (9-3), the pushing member (9-2) slides in the second sliding groove (9-4), the rotating roller (9-1) and the pushing member (9-2) are oppositely arranged, a plurality of spring parts are arranged on the lower portion of the connecting plate (9-3), one ends of the spring parts are fixed on the connecting plate (9-3), the other ends of the spring parts are connected with the pushing member (9-2), and a rotating shaft of the rotating roller (9-1) is fixed on the connecting plate (9-3);

the cutting and unfolding device and the pulp scraping device are positioned above the conveyor belt (12), the cutting and unfolding device comprises a cutting knife (10) and an unfolding plate (11), the unfolding plate (11) is positioned at the rear part of the cutting knife (10), and the unfolding plate (11) is in a left-right unfolding shape;

the pulp scraping device comprises a front scraper (13) and a rear scraper (14), the front scraper (13) and the rear scraper (14) are arranged in front and at the back, and the front scraper (13) and the rear scraper (14) are in an obtuse angle structure; a right-angle baffle (15) is arranged in front of the front scraper (13).

2. The device for separating the peel, pulp and leaves of straw used for preparing road straw fiber according to claim 1, wherein the surfaces of the fixed roller (1) and the clamping member (2) are coated with high-elasticity rubber.

3. The straw peel, pulp and leaf separating device for road use straw fiber preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that the first de-leaf roller (7) is provided with 5 scrapers (6) along the radial direction.

4. The device for separating the peel, pulp and leaves of straw used for preparing straw fiber according to claim 3, wherein the scraper (6) is provided with a quadrangular notch blade (6-1).

5. The device for separating the peel, pulp and leaves of straw used for preparing straw fiber according to claim 1, wherein a leaf collecting groove is arranged below the leaf removing device.

6. The straw peel, pulp and leaf separating device for road use straw fiber preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting knife (10) and the spreader plate (11) are spaced 3-4mm from the lower conveyor belt (12).

7. The straw peel, pulp and leaf separating device for road use straw fiber preparation according to claim 1, characterized in that a pulp collecting groove is arranged below the conveyor belt (12).

8. The device for separating the peel, pulp and leaves of straw used for preparing straw fiber according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 4-6 groups of separating devices are arranged on a machine frame.

9. The straw skin, pulp and leaf separating device for road use straw fiber preparation according to claim 1, wherein an inlet (16) is provided at the front end of each group of separating devices, and an outlet (17) is provided at the rear end of each group of separating devices.

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