CN113678844A - Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension and application thereof - Google Patents
Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113678844A CN113678844A CN202110943549.4A CN202110943549A CN113678844A CN 113678844 A CN113678844 A CN 113678844A CN 202110943549 A CN202110943549 A CN 202110943549A CN 113678844 A CN113678844 A CN 113678844A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/38—Trichoderma
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N3/00—Spore forming or isolating processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Abstract
The invention discloses a trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent and application thereof, relating to the field of biological pesticides, and comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 2% of trichoderma harzianum spore powder, 20% of soybean oil, 15% of vaseline, 20% of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, 8% of organic bentonite and 35% of lignosulfonate. According to the invention, the trichoderma harzianum spores are dispersed into the salad oil to form stable, dispersed and suspended liquid by virtue of the surfactant, so that the colonization capability of the spore preparation under the field natural condition is enhanced, the control effect is improved, and the storage stability and shelf life are prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of biological pesticides, and particularly relates to a trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension and application thereof.
Background
Trichoderma harzianum is one of trichoderma reesei, belongs to Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Aphyllophorales and Pediculus comatus, is a fungus with important biocontrol value, is mainly used for preventing various plant diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria such as pythium, Rhizoctonia solani, fusarium, sclerotinia sclerotiorum and the like through the action mechanisms such as competitive action, antibiotic action, heavy parasitic action, induced resistance and the like, and has double effects of protection and treatment. Meanwhile, the growth environment of the root system of the crop can be effectively improved, the development of the root system of the weak seedling and the recovery of the aged root system are promoted, the photosynthesis efficiency of the crop is improved, the growth vigor and the disease and stress resistance of the crop are enhanced, and the crop growth regulator has good prevention and improvement effects on the poor growth of the crop caused by various factors.
The trichoderma harzianum preparation is mainly a spore preparation, the commercialization of the preparation is very slow, wettable powder and granules are common formulations, and products on the market at present have a plurality of problems. The wettable powder and granule are solid dosage forms of spore, carrier, wetting agent, dispersant, stabilizer, etc. which are fully mixed and crushed according to a certain proportion to reach a certain fineness of powder. The wettable powder has low suspension rate, is easy to precipitate and agglomerate, causes unevenness in the spraying process to influence the drug effect, and has serious health and safety problems in processing and application. The granule has low production efficiency, large carrier dosage, low effective content, low drug effect and relative insecurity in use. When the spore preparation is applied, the wettable powder is easily influenced by external factors such as temperature, humidity and the like, and the activity of the spore preparation can be influenced by the addition agent added in the granules and the trichoderma harzianum spores after the addition agent is contacted with the trichoderma harzianum spores for a long time, so that the spore preparation has poor colonization capability, unstable prevention and control effect, poor storage stability and short shelf life under natural conditions in fields.
Dispersible oil suspensions are suspension formulations in which spores are dispersed in oil and which rely on surfactants to form a highly stable dispersion. The dispersible oil suspending agent has the advantages of small particle size, high suspension rate, good dispersibility, good adhesiveness, good affinity to a target, convenience for mechanized application and the like. The plant preservative has the advantages of strong spreading and adhesive force on the surface of the plant, rain wash resistance, obvious synergistic effect, long lasting period and low toxicity to people and livestock. The oil film on the surface of the spore plays a role of a protective film, maintains the low water content of the spore, reduces the contact of the fungal spore and oxygen in the environment, and the antioxidant contained in the oil film further reduces the functions of the spore and the oxygen, so that the metabolism of the fungal spore is at a low level, the spore storage time is effectively prolonged, and the storage cost is reduced. After the oil spores and the diluent are mixed and added with water, the oil wraps the fungal spores and is uniformly dispersed in the water, so that the moisture required by spore germination can be directly provided, and the low humidity resistance of the oil spores is improved. Meanwhile, in practical field application, the oil in the mixture can also damage lipid structures of host epidermis, increase moisture evaporation of the epidermis, improve the ambient humidity around the fungal spores and continuously provide moisture for spore germination, so that the dependence of the spores on the ambient humidity is reduced. The dispersible oil suspending agent successfully overcomes the defects that fungal spores are difficult to use in a dry environment and the insecticidal effect is influenced by the humidity in the environment. The spore germination is facilitated in an environment with low relative humidity, the service life of the spore can be prolonged in a high-temperature environment, and the spore is also beneficial to the adsorption of the spore on a hydrophobic matrix such as an insect body wall or a plant surface, so that the spore has great application potential.
Disclosure of Invention
The trichoderma harzianum strain is trichoderma harzianum; the preservation name is Trichoderma harzianum, and the Trichoderma harzianum is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center, the preservation address is as follows: xilu No. 1 Hospital No. 3 of Chaozhou, the preservation number is CGMCC No.21471, the preservation time is 2021 year, 3 months and 17 days
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent. The Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent is a stable, dispersed and suspended liquid formed by dispersing Trichoderma harzianum spores into salad oil by virtue of a surfactant.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2% of trichoderma harzianum spore powder, 20% of soybean oil, 15% of vaseline, 20% of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, 8% of organic bentonite and 35% of lignosulfonate.
Further, the preparation method of the trichoderma harzianum spore powder comprises the following specific processes:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing shake flask seeds: inoculating slant strain stored in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C into liquid shake culture medium, performing shake culture at 30 deg.C and 200rpm for 48 hr;
shake flask seed culture medium: 2% of glucose, 0.5% of yeast powder, 1.5% of bean cake powder, 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and MgSO4·7H2O 0.2%
Step two: inoculating the cultured shake flask seed culture medium into a primary seed fermentation tank, and culturing at 28-30 deg.C under ventilation stirring at 200rpm for 24 hr with a ventilation ratio of 1 vvm;
2% of culture medium glucose, 0.5% of yeast powder, 1.5% of bean cake powder, 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and MgSO4·7H2O 0.2%
Step three: solid fermentation: inoculating the cultured first-stage seeding tank fermentation liquor to a solid fermentation culture medium, and culturing for 5-7 days at 25-30 ℃;
solid fermentation medium: 42 percent of bran, 57 percent of rice hull, 0.5 percent of ammonium sulfate, 0.3 percent of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 0.2 percent of potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Step four: drying: drying the fermented solid material at 55-60 deg.C to reduce water content of the material by less than 10%;
step five: screening: and (3) separating spores and solid particles of the dried trichoderma harzianum solid material by using a 200-mesh vibrating screen to obtain trichoderma harzianum spore powder.
Further, in the oil suspension agent processing process, under the condition that the environmental temperature is not higher than 30 ℃, the substances in the embodiment of the oil suspension agent are respectively added into a stirrer and stirred for 0.5 to 1 hour, and the trichoderma harzianum dispersed oil suspension agent is obtained after uniform mixing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: is beneficial to enhancing the colonization ability of the spore preparation under the natural condition in the field, improving the control effect and prolonging the storage stability and shelf life.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2% of trichoderma harzianum spore powder, 20% of soybean oil, 15% of vaseline, 20% of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, 8% of organic bentonite and 35% of lignosulfonate.
Example 2:
a Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10% of trichoderma harzianum spore powder, 76% of soybean oil, 5% of alkyl phenyl ether sulfonate, 5% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3% of alkyl phenol polyether sulfate and 1% of organic bentonite.
Example 3:
a Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10% of trichoderma harzianum spore powder, 40% of soybean oil, 15% of xanthan gum, 25% of Nongru 0201B # and 42510%.
Preparation of trichoderma harzianum spore powder
The trichoderma harzianum is subjected to shake flask strain, primary seed liquid, solid fermentation, drying and screening in sequence to obtain trichoderma harzianum spore powder, and the specific process is as follows:
1. preparing shake flask seeds: inoculating slant strain stored in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C into liquid shake culture medium, performing shake culture at 30 deg.C and 200rpm for 48 hr;
shake flask seed culture medium: glucose: 2% yeast powder: 0.5% bean cake powder: 1.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.3 percent of
MgSO4.7H2O:0.2%
2. Inoculating the cultured shake flask seed culture medium into a primary seed fermentation tank, and culturing at 28-30 deg.C under ventilation stirring at 200rpm for 24 hr with a ventilation ratio of 1 vvm;
culture medium: glucose: 2% yeast powder: 0.5% bean cake powder: 1.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate: 0.3% MgSO4·7H2O:0.2%
3. Solid fermentation: inoculating the cultured first-stage seeding tank fermentation liquor to a solid fermentation culture medium, and culturing for 5-7 days at 25-30 ℃;
solid fermentation medium: 42 percent of bran, 57 percent of rice hull, 0.5 percent of ammonium sulfate, 0.3 percent of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 0.2 percent of potassium dihydrogen phosphate
4. Drying: drying the fermented solid material at 55-60 deg.C for 24 hr to reduce water content of the material by below 10%;
5. screening: separating spores and solid particles of the dried trichoderma harzianum solid material by using a 200-mesh vibrating screen to obtain trichoderma harzianum spore powder;
second, oil suspension agent processing process
And respectively adding the substances of the three embodiments of the oil suspension agent into a stirrer at the ambient temperature of not higher than 30 ℃, stirring for 0.5-1 hour, and uniformly mixing to obtain the trichoderma harzianum dispersed oil suspension agent.
Third, determination of germination rate
Preparing 1 × 10 Trichoderma harzianum spore oil suspension8And (3) subpackaging the spore/ml suspension into a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) tube, storing at normal temperature for 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 9 months and 12 months, detecting the activity of the trichoderma harzianum spores, inspecting the storage stability of the spores, and recording the germination rate of the spores by adopting a plate counting method. Three replicates were set for each treatment. The germination rate of the dry spores preserved in a sealed manner at a low temperature (4 ℃) is taken as a control.
Spore germination condition in oil suspension under 26 ℃ storage condition
The lower case letters marked after the data in the same column indicate that the difference reaches a significant level (P < 0.05), the difference is not significant when the letters are the same, and the difference is significant when the letters are different.
The germination rate of the spores is over 90 percent when the spores are stored for 1 month at normal temperature, the germination rate is lower when the spores are stored for 12 months, and the germination rate of the spores in the example 3 is 81.65 percent and is higher than that of the dried spores stored in a low-temperature sealing manner.
IV, determining the dispersibility
Will be 1 × 1010Individual spore/ml Trichoderma harzianum oil suspending agentThe dispersion was evaluated by charging into a 250ml beaker, stirring at 26 ℃ to prepare a suspension, measuring the height of the delamination, and calculating the ratio of the delamination. Trichoderma harzianum example 3 oil suspension agent suspension rate is highest.
Fifth, potted plant test of preventing and controlling effect of trichoderma harzianum oil suspension agent on cucumber gray mold
Preparation of spore suspension: culturing cucumber Botrytis cinerea on PDA culture medium at 28 deg.C for one week, eluting with deionized water containing organosilicon from the culture medium after the pathogenic fungi grow large amount of spores, counting with blood counting plate to adjust the spore concentration to 106One/ml is ready for use.
Cucumber gray mold pot experiment: spraying the spore suspension on the surface of the leaf of the cultivated cucumber seedling, uniformly spraying 50 times of diluent of the bacterial suspensions of the three embodiments on the leaf surface of the cucumber after 24 hours until the leaf surface is completely wetted, treating for 3 pots each, repeating for 4 times, and treating with clear water as a control. 7 days after the spraying treatment, the disease incidence of each treatment is investigated in grades, at least 10 leaves are investigated in each treatment, and the disease index and the prevention and treatment effect of each treatment are calculated.
Potted plant efficacy test of trichoderma harzianum oil suspension agent on botrytis cinerea
Disease index = (number of disease leaves of each disease level x representative grade value)/(total number of leaves x representative grade value of disease highest level) × 100
Preventing and treating effect = [ control disease index-treatment disease index)/control disease index ] x 100
The disease index grading standard is as follows: level 0: no disease spots; level 1: the lesion spots account for less than 5% of the whole leaf area; and 3, level: the disease spots account for 5 to 15 percent of the whole leaf area; and 5, stage: the disease spots account for 15 to 25 percent of the whole leaf area; and 7, stage: the lesion spots account for 25 to 50 percent of the whole leaf area; and 9, stage: the lesion spots account for more than 50% of the whole leaf area.
The oil suspension agent in example 3 has the best effect of preventing and treating cucumber gray mold.
Potted plant test of control effect of trichoderma harzianum oil suspension agent on phytophthora capsici:
preparation of spore suspension: culturing Phytophthora capsici on PDA culture medium at 28 deg.C for one week, eluting with deionized water containing organosilicon from the culture medium after the pathogenic fungi grow large amount of spores, counting with blood counting plate to adjust the spore concentration to 106One/ml is ready for use.
Phytophthora capsici pot experiment: inoculating 10 mL of 10-degree pepper seedlings to the cultured pepper seedlings6And uniformly spraying 50 times of diluent of the bacterial suspensions of the three embodiments to pepper seedlings after 1d, treating each seedling for 3 pots, repeating for 4 times, treating with clear water as a control, investigating the disease condition of each treatment in 30 d stages, and calculating the disease index and the control effect of each treatment for 15 seedlings.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes will occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 2% of trichoderma harzianum spore powder, 20% of soybean oil, 15% of vaseline, 20% of sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, 8% of organic bentonite and 35% of lignosulfonate.
2. A Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10% of trichoderma harzianum spore powder, 76% of soybean oil, 5% of alkyl phenyl ether sulfonate, 5% of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 3% of alkyl phenol polyether sulfate and 1% of organic bentonite.
3. A Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10% of trichoderma harzianum spore powder, 40% of soybean oil, 15% of xanthan gum, 25% of Nongru 0201B # and 42510%.
4. The trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the preparation method of the trichoderma harzianum spore powder comprises the following specific processes:
the method comprises the following steps: preparing shake flask seeds: inoculating slant strain stored in a refrigerator at 4 deg.C into liquid shake culture medium, performing shake culture at 30 deg.C and 200rpm for 48 hr;
shake flask seed culture medium: 2% of glucose, 0.5% of yeast powder, 1.5% of bean cake powder, 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and MgSO4·7H2O 0.2%；
Step two: inoculating the cultured shake flask seed culture medium into a primary seed fermentation tank, and culturing at 28-30 deg.C under ventilation stirring at 200rpm for 24 hr with a ventilation ratio of 1 vvm;
2% of culture medium glucose, 0.5% of yeast powder, 1.5% of bean cake powder, 0.3% of monopotassium phosphate and MgSO4·7H2O 0.2%；
Step three: solid fermentation: inoculating the cultured first-stage seeding tank fermentation liquor to a solid fermentation culture medium, and culturing for 5-7 days at 25-30 ℃;
solid fermentation medium: 42% of bran, 57% of rice hull, 0.5% of ammonium sulfate, 0.3% of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 0.2% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate;
step four: drying: drying the fermented solid material at 55-60 deg.C to reduce water content of the material by less than 10%;
step five: screening: and (3) separating spores and solid particles of the dried trichoderma harzianum solid material by using a 200-mesh vibrating screen to obtain trichoderma harzianum spore powder.
5. The trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the oil suspension agent processing process, under the condition that the ambient temperature is not higher than 30 ℃, all the materials in the oil suspension agent formula are respectively added into a stirrer, stirred for 0.5 to 1 hour and uniformly mixed to obtain the trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension agent.
6. Use of a dispersible oil suspension of trichoderma harzianum according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for the treatment of cucumber gray mold or phytophthora capsici.
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| CN202210358927.7A CN114946886A (en) | 2021-08-17 | 2022-04-07 | Trichoderma harzianum dispersible oil suspension and application thereof |
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| WO2014089951A1 (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2014-06-19 | 江苏耕耘化学有限公司 | Trichoderma asperellum strain gy20 and paste preparation for preventing and treating fusarium oxysporum schl. f. sp. fragariae |
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| CN112741085A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-05-04 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Trichoderma conidium oil suspending agent and application thereof |
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