CN113670556B - Tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device - Google Patents
Tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113670556B CN113670556B CN202110888835.5A CN202110888835A CN113670556B CN 113670556 B CN113670556 B CN 113670556B CN 202110888835 A CN202110888835 A CN 202110888835A CN 113670556 B CN113670556 B CN 113670556B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device, which comprises: a simulation frame; the generator comprises a tornado generator and a lower storm flow generator, wherein the tornado generator and the lower storm flow generator are arranged on the simulation frame and can move; the moving mechanism is arranged on the simulation frame and positioned below the generator, and at least has four degrees of freedom. According to the invention, tornadoes and downburst flows with different forms, moving speeds, moving paths, wider range and the like are obtained, and the tornadoes and downburst flows which are more close to the reality in nature are simulated; the characteristics of the wind field with angles and moving states in the tornado and downburst coupling state can be simulated, and the wind field is more close to the actual situation; the method realizes the switching of the tornado and the downburst simulation experiment in a short time, and reduces the time cost and the economic cost of independently carrying out the two simulation experiments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to simulation equipment, in particular to a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device.
Background
The strong convection extreme weather such as tornado has the characteristics of small action range, short duration and high action intensity, and is one of the most frequent disasters and the most huge destructiveness in natural disasters. Because the tornado generation area in China is densely populated, and the tornado early warning system and the disaster resistant facility foundation are weak. Therefore, from the indexes of casualties, house damage degree and the like, the tornado has great influence on China, and the occurrence frequency tends to increase year by year along with global climate warming. Downburst is a strong sinking airflow which causes radiant disastrous high winds at or near the ground, and is generally generated in thunderstorm clouds, the airflow is irradiated to the ground to generate destructive and disastrous high winds with horizontal wind speed exceeding 18m/s on the ground, and the occurrence of the downburst can have disastrous influence on navigation and aircrafts.
Aiming at the great threat of tornadoes and downburst extreme weather to life and property safety and social safety stability of people, development of the environment of tornadoes and downburst and research on the effect of the environment on engineering structures are needed. Because downburst has the characteristics of burst nature and strong destructive property, tornadoes have the characteristics of strong burst nature, small horizontal scale, short duration, high moving speed and the like, so the on-site actual measurement research on characteristics of tornadoes and downburst wind fields in the nature is difficult. Compared with on-site actual measurement, the experimental simulation research has the advantages of high safety, high repetition rate and the like. And compared with numerical simulation, the reliability is higher. Therefore, the physical simulator is adopted to generate tornadoes and downburst and research the wind field characteristics, and the physical simulator becomes an important means for recognizing and researching the tornadoes characteristics and the action effect of the tornadoes on engineering structures.
At present, physical experiment simulation of true tornadoes and downburst flows under natural conditions is performed, and although a simulator appears, the following problems exist in the existing simulator: (1) The tornado under natural conditions is in multiple ends, inclined tornados, inclined downward storm flow and tornado and downward storm flow under variable speed random movement can possibly occur, the moving track of the tornados and downward storm flow is irregular, the moving range is wider, and when the traditional simulator is used for carrying out simulation experiments, the flat plate can be controlled to be in a horizontal state, and the translation in a two-dimensional limited range can be realized in a horizontal plane; (2) When the existing simulator is used for experiments, only the wind field characteristics of a single extreme weather can be simulated, and the wind field characteristics of tornadoes and downburst coupling states in actual conditions can not be simulated; (3) The existing simulator can only perform one simulation experiment in a short time, and the economic cost of separately constructing the simulator and the time cost spent in switching to perform the simulation experiment are high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solution:
a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device, comprising:
A simulation frame;
the generator comprises a tornado generator and a lower storm flow generator, the tornado generator and the lower storm flow generator are arranged on the simulation frame, and the tornado generator and/or the lower storm flow generator can move;
the moving mechanism is arranged on the simulation frame and positioned below the generator, and at least has four degrees of freedom.
As a further improvement of the invention, the downburst generator is located above the tornado generator.
As a further development of the invention, the tornado generator is capable of two-dimensional movement in a horizontal plane.
As a further improvement of the invention, the simulation frame is provided with a two-dimensional moving device, the two-dimensional moving device comprises a first Y-axis moving mechanism and a first X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the first Y-axis moving mechanism, and the tornado generator is arranged on the first X-axis moving mechanism.
As a further improvement of the invention, the first X-axis moving mechanism comprises two first slide ways, a first roller assembly moving transversely along the two first slide ways and at least one connecting block arranged on the first roller assembly, wherein the first roller assembly comprises a supporting piece and at least two first rollers arranged at the bottom end of the supporting piece, and the at least one connecting block is respectively connected with the supporting piece and the tornado generator.
As a further development of the invention, the down-stroke flow generator is capable of two-dimensional movement in a horizontal plane.
As a further improvement of the invention, the simulation frame is provided with a two-dimensional moving mechanism, the two-dimensional moving mechanism comprises a second Y-axis moving mechanism and a second X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the second Y-axis moving mechanism, and the down-striking current generator is arranged on the second X-axis moving mechanism.
As a further improvement of the invention, the second X-axis moving mechanism comprises two second slide ways, a second roller assembly transversely moving along the two second slide ways and at least one side plate arranged on the second roller assembly, wherein the second roller assembly comprises a support plate and at least two second rollers arranged at the bottom end of the support plate, and the at least one side plate is respectively connected with the support plate and the lower storm flow generator.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the moving mechanism has six degrees of freedom.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the moving mechanism includes a third X-axis moving mechanism, a moving assembly provided on the third X-axis moving mechanism, the moving assembly including four lifting levers movable in the Y-axis direction and liftable in the Z-axis direction, a movable plate provided on the four lifting levers.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. The moving mechanism provided by the invention has high positioning precision, can realize irregular movement on a horizontal plane to simulate the irregular movement of tornadoes and downshots under actual conditions, can also change the inclination angle of the moving mechanism to form tornadoes and downshots with different forms, can freely set the moving range of the moving mechanism according to requirements, has diversified moving speeds and six-dimensional space without limited rotation, and further obtains the tornadoes and downshots with different forms, moving speeds, moving paths, wider range and the like, and simulates the tornadoes and downshots more closely similar to the actual tornadoes and downshots in nature.
2. According to the tornado generator and the down-stroke storm flow generator, the positions of the tornado generator and the down-stroke storm flow generator can be changed according to the needs through the corresponding two-dimensional moving device and two-dimensional moving mechanism, so that the two generators can be positioned at a proper distance, and the characteristics of the wind field of the tornado generator, the characteristics of the wind field of the down-stroke storm flow generator, the characteristics of the wind field of the tornado and the down-stroke storm flow generator which are in an angular and moving state in a coupling state can be simulated, and the tornado generator and the down-stroke storm flow generator are more close to the actual situation.
3. The tornado generator and the down-stroke storm flow generator are arranged on the same simulation frame, so that the economic cost of independently constructing the two generators is reduced, and after one simulation experiment is finished, the other experiment can be immediately carried out, the two simulation experiments can be switched in a short time, and the time cost and the economic cost of independently carrying out the two simulation experiments are reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort to those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a tornado generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure of a down-converting current generator according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
In the figure: 10. the simulation frame, 20, a tornado generator, 201, an inner cylinder, 202, an outer cylinder, 203, an annular channel, 204, a first fan, 205, a first honeycomb, 206, a guide plate, 30, a lower storm flow generator, 301, a gas collecting section, 302, a power front section, 303, a fan section, 304, a power rear section, 305, a stabilizing section, 306, a contraction section, 307, a second honeycomb, 308, a damping net, 40, a moving mechanism, 400, a third X-axis moving mechanism, 402, a lifting rod, 403, a movable plate, 404, an elongated hole, 501, a first slideway, 502, a connecting block, 503, a first roller, 504, a supporting rod, 505, a first lead screw mechanism, 506, a first supporting plate, 601, a second slideway, 602, a side plate, 603, a supporting plate, 604, a second roller, 605, a second lead screw mechanism, 606 and a second supporting plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a tornado and downburst integrated physical simulation device comprises a simulation frame 10; the generator comprises a tornado generator 20 and a lower storm flow generator 30, wherein the tornado generator 20 and the lower storm flow generator 30 are arranged on the simulation frame 10, and the tornado generator 20 and/or the lower storm flow generator 30 can move; the moving mechanism 40 is arranged on the simulation frame 10 and positioned below the generator, the moving mechanism 40 has at least four degrees of freedom, and the moving mechanism 40 can translate along at least the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction and can rotate around the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction.
In this embodiment, the lower storm flow generator 30 is located above the tornado generator 20, which can make the structure of the simulation stand 10 simple, facilitate installation and reduce cost. Because the wind fields generated by the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30 are below the corresponding generators, in order to avoid the influence of the tornado generator 20 on the wind field generated by the downburst generator 30, and in order to avoid the influence of the downburst generator 30 on the wind field generated by the tornado generator 20, the downburst generator 30 is located obliquely above the tornado generator 20.
In the present embodiment, both the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30 can be moved, but not limited to this, either the tornado generator 20 can be moved while the downburst generator 30 remains stationary, or the tornado generator 20 remains stationary while the downburst generator 30 can be moved.
In order to facilitate movement of the tornado generator 20 toward the downburst generator 30 and to quickly achieve simulation of wind field characteristics in the coupled state of the tornado generator 20 and the downburst generator 30, the embodiment preferably enables two-dimensional movement of the tornado generator 20 in a horizontal plane.
In one embodiment, the simulation rack 10 is provided with a two-dimensional moving device, and the two-dimensional moving device includes a first Y-axis moving mechanism, a first X-axis moving mechanism provided on the first Y-axis moving mechanism, and the tornado generator 20 is provided on the first X-axis moving mechanism.
Specifically, the first X-axis moving mechanism includes two first slides 501, a first roller assembly moving laterally along the two first slides 501, and at least one connection block 502 mounted on the first roller assembly, where the first roller assembly includes a support, at least two first rollers 503 mounted at the bottom end of the support, and the at least one connection block 502 is connected with the support and the tornado generator 20, respectively.
More specifically, the support member includes two support rods 504 arranged side by side, and two first rollers 503 are mounted at the bottom end of each support rod 504, and the first rollers 503 move laterally along the first slide 501. More specifically, the connection block 502 is a hollow square body, the upper end of the connection block 502 is connected with the bottom end of the support rod 504, and the lower end of the connection block 502 is connected with the tornado generator 20.
In a specific embodiment, the first Y-axis movement mechanism includes at least one first screw mechanism 505, a first support plate 506 mounted on the at least one first screw mechanism 505, and the first slide 501 is mounted on the first support plate 506.
To facilitate movement of the down-storm flow generator 30 toward the tornado generator 20, the wind field characteristics of the tornado generator 20 in a coupled state with the down-storm flow generator 30 are rapidly simulated, and the down-storm flow generator 30 can be moved in two dimensions in a horizontal plane.
In one embodiment, the simulation rack 10 is provided with a two-dimensional moving mechanism, the two-dimensional moving mechanism comprises a second Y-axis moving mechanism, a second X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the second Y-axis moving mechanism, and the down-storm generator 30 is arranged on the second X-axis moving mechanism.
Specifically, the second X-axis moving mechanism includes two second slides 601, a second roller assembly moving transversely along the two second slides 601, and at least one side plate 602 mounted on the second roller assembly, where the second roller assembly includes a support plate 603, and at least two second rollers 604 mounted at the bottom end of the support plate 603, and the at least one side plate 602 is connected with the support plate 603 and the down-storm generator 30 respectively.
In a specific embodiment, the second Y-axis movement mechanism includes at least one second screw mechanism 605, a second support plate 606 mounted on the at least one second screw mechanism 605, and a second slide 601 mounted on the second support plate 606.
In the present embodiment, the moving mechanism 40 has six degrees of freedom, is capable of translational movement in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, and is simultaneously capable of rotation about the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction. The movement mechanism 40 is not limited to have six degrees of freedom, but may have five degrees of freedom, and may be translatable in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction, and simultaneously rotatable about the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, the X-axis direction, the Z-axis direction, or the Y-axis direction, the Z-axis direction.
The moving mechanism 40 includes a third X-axis moving mechanism 400, a moving assembly provided on the third X-axis moving mechanism 400, the moving assembly including four lifting levers 402, a movable plate 403 provided on the four lifting levers 402, the four lifting levers 402 being movable in the Y-axis direction and liftable in the Z-axis direction. The four lifting rods 402 are arranged in two rows along the X-axis direction, each row includes two lifting rods 402, two elongated holes 404 extending along the Y-axis direction are provided on the third X-axis moving mechanism 400, and the four lifting rods 402 can move along the elongated holes 404. The lifting rod 402 can lift along the Z-axis direction, thereby driving the movable plate 403 to lift. The upper ends of the lifting rods 402 are placed in the movable plate 403, and when the heights of the two lifting rods 402 in one row are inconsistent with the heights of the two lifting rods 402 in the other row, the movable plate 403 can rotate around the X axis or the Y axis; when the lifting lever 402 is lowered to be disengaged from the movable plate 403, the movable plate 403 is driven to rotate about the Z-axis direction, that is, in the horizontal plane by a rotation mechanism (not shown).
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the tornado generator 20 includes an inner cylinder 201, an outer cylinder 202, an annular channel 203, a first fan 204, a first honeycomb 205, and a flow guiding assembly, the annular channel 203 communicates the inner cylinder 201 with the outer cylinder 202, the first fan 204 and the first honeycomb 205 are installed in the inner cylinder 201, the first fan 204 is located above the first honeycomb 205, the flow guiding assembly is disposed in the annular channel 203, and the flow guiding assembly includes a plurality of flow guiding plates 206 disposed along a circumferential direction. The first fan 204 generates an upward air flow that passes through the baffle 206 and the outer barrel 202, creating a tornado vortex between the moving mechanism 40 and the first cell 205. By changing different control parameters of the tornado generator 20, such as changing the angle between the baffle 206 and the horizontal plane and the height between the moving mechanism 40 and the lower surface of the tornado generator 20, tornados with different dimensions can be obtained, and by changing the rotation speed of the first fan 204, tornados with different speeds and different flows can be obtained, so as to regulate and control the tornado wind farm.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the down-storm flow generator 30 includes a second fan (not shown in the drawing), a gas collecting section 301, a power front section 302, a fan section 303, a power rear section 304, a stabilizing section 305, a contracting section 306, a second honeycomb 307, and a damping net 308, wherein the gas collecting section 301, the power front section 302, the fan section 303, the power rear section 304, the stabilizing section 305, and the contracting section 306 are sequentially disposed from top to bottom, and the second honeycomb 307 and the damping net 308 are disposed in the stabilizing section 305. The second fan realizes different nozzle wind speeds of the downburst through the rotating speeds of different frequencies, high-pressure air is released instantaneously to generate high-speed jet flow, the jet flow passes through the diversion and division of the second honeycomb 307, so that vortex attenuation is accelerated, a large pressure drop is generated in the airflow flowing direction after the airflow passes through the damping net 308, the axial speed distribution of the airflow is uniform after the airflow passes through the damping net 308, the airflow is uniformly accelerated in the contraction section 306, and finally the tail of the contraction section 306 flows out, so that high-speed sinking airflow is formed in extremely short time, and the actual downburst with burstiness is simulated.
When the characteristics of the tornado wind field are simulated, the moving mechanism 40 moves to the lower part of the tornado generator 20, meanwhile, the lower storm flow generator 30 is moved to a proper distance from the tornado generator 20 through the two-dimensional moving mechanism, the influence of the lower storm flow generator 30 on the wind field generated by the tornado generator 20 is avoided, tornados with different dimensions are formed through changing parameters such as the angle of the guide plate, the wind speed and the like, the scale of a certain tornado is determined, the moving mechanism 40 is controlled, the tornado with different forms is formed through changing the angle between the moving mechanism 40 and the horizontal plane, after a certain angle is determined, the tornado generator 20 is started, a route is set after the tornado is stably formed, for example, the moving mechanism 40 moves along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction at different speeds on the route, and the characteristics of the tornado wind field can be measured through a wind speed probe; and then changing the scale of the tornado, repeating the operation after the tornado is stable, and detecting and recording related simulation data.
When the characteristics of the down-storm wind field are simulated, the moving mechanism 40 moves to the lower part of the down-storm generator 30, meanwhile, the two-dimensional moving device is used for enabling the tornado generator 20 to move to a proper distance from the down-storm generator 30, so that the influence of the tornado generator 20 on the wind field generated by the down-storm generator 30 is avoided, down-storm flows with different scales are formed by changing parameters such as wind speed, the scale of a certain down-storm flow is determined, the moving mechanism 40 is controlled, down-storm flows with different forms are formed by changing the angle between the moving mechanism 40 and the horizontal plane, after a certain angle is determined, the down-storm generator 30 is started, a route is given after the down-storm flows are stably formed, for example, the down-storm generator is enabled to move along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction, the moving mechanism 40 can move on the route at different speeds, and the characteristics of the down-storm field can be measured by adopting a wind speed probe; and then changing the scale of the down-burst, repeating the operation after the down-burst is stable, and detecting and recording the related simulation data.
Joint simulation: the two-dimensional moving device and the two-dimensional moving mechanism are matched to drive the tornado generator 20 and the lower storm flow generator 30 to be positioned at a proper distance, the scale of the tornado is regulated and controlled through the angle of the guide plate 206 and the rotating speed of the first fan 204, the scale of the lower storm flow is regulated and controlled through the rotating speed of the second fan, tornados and lower storm flows in different forms are formed through changing the inclination angle of the moving mechanism 40, meanwhile, the tornado generator 20 and the lower storm flow generator 30 are opened, the moving mechanism 40 moves at different speeds on a set route such as along the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction or the Z-axis direction, and the wind field characteristics under the coupling state are simulated.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present disclosure describes embodiments, not every embodiment is provided with a separate embodiment, and that this description is provided for clarity only, and that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in detail below, and that the embodiments described in the examples may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments that will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a tornado and downburst integration physical simulation device which characterized in that includes:
A simulation frame;
The device comprises a simulation frame, a generator, a simulation device and a control device, wherein the generator comprises a tornado generator and a lower storm flow generator, the tornado generator and the lower storm flow generator are both arranged on the simulation frame, the lower storm flow generator is positioned above the tornado generator, the tornado generator can perform two-dimensional movement in a horizontal plane, and the lower storm flow generator can perform two-dimensional movement in the horizontal plane;
the moving mechanism is arranged on the simulation frame and positioned below the generator, and at least has four degrees of freedom.
2. The integrated physical simulation device for tornado and downburst as claimed in claim 1, wherein the simulation frame is provided with a two-dimensional moving device, the two-dimensional moving device comprises a first Y-axis moving mechanism and a first X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the first Y-axis moving mechanism, and the tornado generator is arranged on the first X-axis moving mechanism.
3. The integrated physical simulation device for tornado and downburst as claimed in claim 2, wherein the first X-axis moving mechanism comprises two first slide ways, a first roller assembly moving transversely along the two first slide ways, and at least one connecting block mounted on the first roller assembly, the first roller assembly comprises a supporting member, at least two first rollers mounted at the bottom ends of the supporting member, and the at least one connecting block is connected with the supporting member and the tornado generator respectively.
4. The integrated physical simulation device for tornadoes and downbursts as claimed in claim 1, wherein the simulation frame is provided with a two-dimensional moving mechanism, the two-dimensional moving mechanism comprises a second Y-axis moving mechanism and a second X-axis moving mechanism arranged on the second Y-axis moving mechanism, and the downbursts generator is arranged on the second X-axis moving mechanism.
5. The integrated physical simulation device for tornado and downburst as claimed in claim 4, wherein the second X-axis moving mechanism comprises two second slide ways, a second roller assembly moving transversely along the two second slide ways, and at least one side plate mounted on the second roller assembly, the second roller assembly comprises a support plate, at least two second rollers mounted at the bottom ends of the support plate, and the at least one side plate is respectively connected with the support plate and the downburst generator.
6. The integrated tornado and downburst physical simulation device of claim 1, wherein the movement mechanism has six degrees of freedom.
7. The integrated tornado and downburst physical simulation device according to claim 6, wherein the moving mechanism comprises a third X-axis moving mechanism and a moving assembly arranged on the third X-axis moving mechanism, the moving assembly comprises four lifting rods and a movable plate arranged on the four lifting rods, and the four lifting rods can move along the Y-axis direction and can lift along the Z-axis direction.
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