JP2020165640A - Tornado generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

To artificially generate a tornado that lasts more stably than before.SOLUTION: A tornado generation device comprises: guide members (41, 42) having, on one side, a guide surface (40) on which a suction port (41) is formed; a fin (43) that allows fluid on the one side of the guide members (41, 42) to flow along the guide surface (40) away from the suction port (41c) by rotating around the suction port (41) on the one side of the guide members (41, 42); and a suction duct (41a) that generates a tornado on the one side of the guide members (41, 42) by suctioning the fluid on the one side of the guide members (41, 42) through the suction port (41c).SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 6

Description

The present invention relates to a tornado generator.

Conventionally, as a device for artificially generating a tornado, a ventilation device as described in Patent Document 1 is known. The ventilation device described in Patent Document 1 has a centrifugal exhaust stack for obtaining suction force and a cylinder connected to the lower portion of the centrifugal exhaust stack.

When the centrifugal exhaust stack and the cylinder rotate around the motor shaft, the air in the centrifugal exhaust stack is discharged in the circumferential direction, and the air in the cylinder is centrifugally discharged from the open portion formed in the center of the bottom plate of the centrifugal exhaust stack. It is sucked into the cylinder. At this time, the rotation of the plate-shaped blades provided in the cylinder gives rotation to the air in the cylinder. As a result, a vortex is formed in the air inside the cylinder and below it. This vortex flow is stretched downward to form an artificial tornado due to the mechanical chimney effect that forms a vortex tube.

JP-A-5-296511 International Publication No. 2017/22 1976 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-36579 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-280621

However, according to the study of the inventor of the present application, the device described in Patent Document 1 merely generates a swirling flow in the cylinder by using the roughness in the rotating cylinder, and such a device is used. According to the experiments of the inventor of the present application, only a weak tornado that does not last can be generated.

In view of the above points, it is an object of the present invention to artificially generate a tornado that lasts more stably than before.

The invention according to claim 1 for achieving the above object is a guide member (41, 42) having a guide surface (40) on which a suction port (41c) is formed on one side, and the guide member (41, By rotating around the suction port (41) on the one side of the 42), the fluid on the one side of the guide members (41, 42) is brought along the guide surface (40). The guide member (41, 42) is sucked by sucking the fluid on one side of the guide member (41, 42) through the fin (43) flowing away from the guide member (41c) and the suction port (41c). This is a tornado generator provided with a suction duct (41a) for generating a torrent on one side of the above.

In this way, the fluid on one side of the guide member is flowed along the guide surface so as to move away from the suction port by the rotation of the fins. At this time, entrainment occurs. That is, a flow that approaches the guide surface is generated so as to supplement the amount of air that has moved away from the suction port. As a result, a fluid flow field is formed in which the fluid generally follows Taylor-Proudman's theorem in the fluid dynamics of a rotating system, that is, a flow field that is generally uniform in the direction of the rotation axis, that is, generally two-dimensional. The fluid. This flow field promotes the development, development and stabilization of tornadoes.

The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the guide members (41, 42) rotate in the same direction as the fins (43). By rotating the guide member in the same direction as the fins in this way, the flow of the guide member flowing away from the suction port along the guide surface becomes stronger. Therefore, the entrainment is further strengthened. As a result, the stability of the tornado is improved.

The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the position of the center of gravity of the guide member is on the rotation axis (S) of the guide member (41, 42). By doing so, the amount of movement of the center of gravity of the guide member during rotation of the guide member is reduced. Therefore, stable operation of the tornado generator can be realized, and by extension, the rotation speed of the guide member can be increased.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the rotation speed of the guide members (41, 42) is larger than 200 rpm. Such high-speed rotation further stabilizes the tornado.

The invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the longitudinal direction of the fin (43) extends along the guide surface (40) in a direction away from the suction port (41c). By doing so, the effect of flowing the fluid on one side of the guide member along the guide surface so as to move away from the suction port is enhanced.

Further, in the invention according to claim 6, the tornado develops from the downstream side to the upstream side of the flow of the fluid sucked by the suction duct (41a) on the one side of the guide members (41, 42). It is characterized by going. As a result, a tornado that develops stably is realized.

The invention according to claim 7 is that the tornado draws fluid from the upstream end of the flow of fluid sucked by the suction duct (41a) on one side of the guide members (41, 42). It is characterized by suction. As a result, a tornado that develops stably is realized.

The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that the area of the guide surface (40) is 25 times or more the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the suction port (41c). By doing so, the effect of entrainment can be enhanced and the tornado can be further stabilized.

The invention according to claim 9 further includes a fan blade (45) that rotates by receiving a force from a fluid sucked from the suction port, and the fin receives a force generated by the rotation of the fan blade. It is characterized by rotating.

In this way, by providing a fan blade that rotates the fins using the force received from the suctioned fluid, in addition to the suction of the fluid itself for generating the tornado, the rotation of the fins is also generated by the suction of the fluid. Can be made to.

Further, the invention according to claim 10 has a guide surface (40) on which a suction port (41) is formed on one side, and a fluid on the one side is brought to the guide surface (40) by rotating. A guide member (41, 42) that is dragged and flows along the guide surface (40) so as to move away from the suction port (41c), and one of the guide members (41, 42) through the suction port (41c). It is a tornado generator provided with a suction duct (41a) for generating a tornado on one side of the guide members (41, 42) by sucking a fluid on the side.

In this way, the fluid on one side of the guide member is dragged by the guide surface and flows along the guide surface so as to move away from the suction port. At this time, entrainment occurs. That is, a flow that approaches the guide surface is generated so as to supplement the amount of air that has moved away from the suction port. As a result, a fluid flow field is formed in which the fluid generally follows Taylor-Proudman's theorem in the fluid dynamics of a rotating system, that is, a flow field that is generally uniform in the direction of the rotation axis, that is, generally two-dimensional. The fluid. This flow field promotes the development, development and stabilization of tornadoes.

The invention according to claim 11 further includes a fan blade (45) that rotates by receiving a force from a fluid sucked from the suction port, and the guide member receives a force generated by the rotation of the fan blade. It is characterized by rotating.

In this way, by providing the fan blade that rotates the guide member using the force received from the suctioned fluid, in addition to the suction of the fluid itself for generating the tornado, the rotation of the guide member also sucks the fluid. Can be generated by.

The invention according to claim 12 is characterized in that a geostrophic current is generated on one side of the guide (40) surface. The existence of such geostrophic currents promotes the development, development and stabilization of tornadoes.

The invention according to claim 13 states that the suction duct rotates about the rotation axis (S) of the guide members (41, 42) or rotates eccentrically with respect to the rotation axis. It is a feature.

The reference reference numerals in parentheses attached to each component or the like indicate an example of the correspondence between the component or the like and the specific component or the like described in the embodiment described later.

It is a block diagram of the tornado generation system 1. It is a front view of a drive part and a rotating part. It is sectional drawing which cut the drive part and the rotating part in the cross section which includes the rotating shaft and is parallel to the rotating shaft. It is a perspective view of a rotating part. It is a bottom view of a rotating part. It is a figure which shows the tornado which is generated by the rotation of a rotating part. It is a figure which shows the tornado and the like generated by the rotation of the rotating part in 2nd Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the rotating part in 3rd Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the rotating part in 4th Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the rotating part in 5th Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the rotating part in 6th Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the rotating part in 7th Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the rotating part in 8th Embodiment. It is a bottom view of the rotating part in 9th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which cut the drive part and the rotating part in the cross section parallel to the rotating shaft including the rotating shaft in tenth embodiment. It is sectional drawing which cut the drive part and the rotating part in the cross section parallel to the rotating shaft including the rotating shaft in eleventh embodiment. Table 1 shows the conditions of the experimental example. Table 2 shows the conditions of the experimental example. Table 3 shows the conditions of the experimental example. Table 4 shows the conditions of the experimental example. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 1-1. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 1-2. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 1-3. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 1-4. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 1-5. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 1-6. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 1-7. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 1-8. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 2-1. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 2-2. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 2-3. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 2-3. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 2-4. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 2-5. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 2-6. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-1. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-2. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-3. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-4. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-5. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-6. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-7. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-8. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-9. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-10. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 3-11. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 4-1. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 4-2. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 4-3. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 4-4. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in case 4-5. It is a front view of Taft. This is a photograph of the Taft placed near the guide surface. It is a figure which shows the posture of the thread of a tuft in the state of FIG. 53. This is a photograph of the Taft placed equidistant from the guide surface and the floor surface. It is a figure which shows the posture of the thread of a tuft in the state of FIG. 55. This is a photograph of the Taft placed near the floor. It is a figure which shows the posture of the thread of a tuft in the state of FIG. 57. It is a figure which shows the velocity distribution when N = 150 rpm, and there is no fin. It is a figure which shows the velocity distribution in the case of N = 150 rpm, with fins. It is a figure which shows the velocity distribution when N = 200 rpm, and there is no fin. It is a figure which shows the velocity distribution in the case of N = 200 rpm, with fins. It is a figure which shows the velocity distribution when N = 250 rpm, and there is no fin. It is a figure which shows the velocity distribution in the case of N = 250 rpm, with fins. It is a figure which shows the velocity distribution when N = 300 rpm, and there is no fin. It is a figure which shows the velocity distribution in the case of N = 300 rpm, with fins. It is a graph which shows the dependence of Vθmax / Vax with respect to the swirl number _SD and the scale ratio H / d. It is a figure which shows the tornado which is generated by the rotation of a rotating part. It is a perspective view of the drive part and the rotating part in eleventh embodiment. It is sectional drawing which cut the drive part and the rotating part in the cross section including the rotating shaft S. It is a top view of a rotating part. It is a perspective view of a rotating part. It is a photograph which shows the air flow in eleventh embodiment. It is a graph which shows the experimental result in 11th Embodiment.

(First Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the first embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the tornado generation system 1 according to the present embodiment includes a suction device 11, a centrifuge 12, a pipe 13, an air flow meter 14, and a tornado generator 15.

The suction device 11 is a device that sucks air as a fluid through the centrifuge 12. The centrifuge 12 is a device that separates dust in the sucked air from the air. The air discharge side end of the centrifuge 12 is connected to the suction device 11, and the air suction side end is connected to the pipe 13. The pipe 13 is a pipe that forms a flow path through which air passes, one end of which is connected to the centrifuge 12 and the other end of which is connected to the tornado generator 15. The air flow meter 14 is a device that measures and displays the flow rate of air flowing through the pipe 13.

The tornado generator 15 has a frame 51, a fixed duct 52, a drive unit 53, and a rotating unit 54. The frame 51 is installed on the ground and functions as a pedestal. The fixing duct 52 is a pipe forming a flow path through which air passes, and is fixed to the frame 51. One end of the fixed duct 52 is connected to the end of the pipe 13 on the tornado generator 15 side. The other end of the fixed duct 52 is connected to the drive unit 53.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the drive unit 53 includes a body 31, a stay 32, a cylindrical gear 33, and a bearing 34. The body 31 is a member that is fixed to the frame 51 and has an air flow path 31a formed therein. One end of the flow path 31a communicates with the flow path in the drive unit 53 side end of the fixed duct 52, and the other end communicates with the flow path in the cylindrical gear 33. The stay 32 is a substantially cylindrical member fixed to the lower end of the body 31.

The cylindrical gear 33 is a cylindrical member arranged between the body 31 and the stay 32. The cylindrical gear 33 functions as a gear because the outer teeth are formed on the outer circumference. The external teeth mesh with the transmission gear 36. Further, the inside of the cylindrical gear 33 is an air flow path 33a. One end of the flow path 33a communicates with the flow path 31a of the body 31, and the other end communicates with the duct member 41.

The bearing 34 is a ball bearing. The bearing 34 is held at the end of the stay 32 on the body 31 side, and rotatably supports the cylindrical gear 33 with respect to the stay 32.

The motor 35 is an electric motor that is fixed to the body 31, receives electric power from a power source (not shown), and outputs a rotational force from the output shaft thereof. The output shaft of the motor 35 is fixed to the center of rotation of the transmission gear 36.

The transmission gear 36 is a spur gear having external teeth. The external teeth of the transmission gear 36 mesh with the external teeth of the cylindrical gear 33. The transmission gear 36 rotates by transmitting a rotational force from the output shaft of the motor 35, and transmits the rotational force to the cylindrical gear 33 through meshing with the cylindrical gear 33. As a result, the cylindrical gear 33 rotates with its central axis as the rotation axis S due to the rotational force generated by the motor 35.

The rotating portion 54 has a duct member 41, a cover member 42, and a plurality of fins 43. The duct member 41 has a suction duct 41a and an inner disk portion 41b, and is integrally formed as a whole.

The suction duct 41a is a straight pipe extending straight in the direction of the rotation axis S with the rotation axis S as the central axis. The lower end of the cylindrical gear 33 is press-fitted and fixed to one end side (that is, the upper end side) of the suction duct 41a. Therefore, the suction duct 41a rotates integrally with the cylindrical gear 33. At the same time, the flow path 33a in the cylindrical gear 33 and the flow path 410 in the suction duct 41a communicate with each other. An inner disk portion 41b is connected to the other end side (that is, the lower end side) of the suction duct 41a.

The inner disk portion 41b is a disk-shaped plate having a circular suction port 41c formed in the center. The lower end of the suction duct 41a is connected to the upper side surface of the inner disk portion 41b surrounding the suction port 41c. Therefore, the flow path 410 in the suction duct 41a communicates with the suction port 41c.

The cover member 42 is a plate member fixed to the inner disk portion 41b, and covers the inner disk portion 41b from above. The cover member 42 has a fixing portion 42a and an outer disk portion 42b. The fixing portion 42a is a member having a hole in the central portion. A suction duct 41a is inserted through this hole. The fixing portion 42a overlaps the inner disk portion 41b in the rotation axis S direction, and is fixed to the upper surface of the inner disk portion 41b by, for example, a bolt.

The outer disk portion 42b is a plate member integrally formed with the fixing portion 42a, and its inner peripheral end is in contact with the outer peripheral end of the inner disk portion 41b on the entire circumference. Further, the outer peripheral end of the outer disk portion 42b is circular.

The surface 411 on one side (that is, the lower side) of the inner disk portion 41b and the surface 421 on the one side of the outer disk portion 42b are smoothly and flush with each other so as to intersect perpendicular to the rotation axis S. Is formed in. That is, the surfaces 411 and 412 form a guide surface 40, which is one flat circular bottom surface. The duct member 41 and the cover member 42 correspond to the guide member as a whole.

The radius of the guide surface 40 may be 5 times or more and 10 times or less the radius of the suction port 41c. That is, the area of the guide surface 40 may be 25 times or more and 100 times or less the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the suction port 41c. Further, the radius of the guide surface 40 may be larger than 10 times the radius of the suction port 41c. That is, the area of the guide surface 40 may be larger than 100 times the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the suction port 41c. By doing so, the effect of entrainment can be enhanced and the tornado can be further stabilized.

Each of the plurality of fins 43 is an elongated plate that intersects the guide surface 40 at right angles, as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5. By doing so, the effect of flowing the fluid under the guide surface 40 along the guide surface 40 so as to move away from the suction port 41c is enhanced. The number of the plurality of fins 43 is 6, but it may be other than 6.

Each fin 43 is fixed to both the surface 411 and the surface 421. Further, each fin overlaps the surface 411 and the surface 421 in the direction of the rotation axis S. Further, each fin 43 extends straight along the guide surface 40 in a direction away from the rotation axis S. More specifically, the plurality of fins 43 are arranged radially around the rotation axis S. That is, the longitudinal direction of each fin 43 extends in the radial direction about the rotation axis S. By doing so, the effect of flowing the fluid below the guide surface 40 along the guide surface 40 so as to move away from the suction port 41c is enhanced. Further, the length of each fin 43 in the longitudinal direction is longer than 1/2 of the radius of the outer edge of the guide surface 40.

With such a configuration, the rotational force of the motor 35 is transmitted to the cylindrical gear 33, the suction duct 41a, the inner disk portion 41b, the fixing portion 42a, the outer disk portion 42b, and the plurality of fins 43 via the transmission gear 36. As a result, the rigid body rotates integrally around the rotation axis S.

Further, in the tornado generation system 1 having the above configuration, the suction port 41c formed in the inner disk portion 41b, the flow path 410 in the suction duct 41a, the flow path 33a in the cylindrical gear 33, and the flow path in the body 31. The 31a communicate with each other in this order. The flow path 31a also communicates with the flow path in the fixed duct 52, the flow path in the pipe 13, and the flow path in the centrifuge 12.

Next, the operation of the tornado generation system 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 68. When the tornado generation system 1 is used, the motor 35 and the suction device 11 are started. As a result, as described above, the cylindrical gear 33, the suction duct 41a, the inner disk portion 41b, the fixing portion 42a, the outer disk portion 42b, and the plurality of fins 43 are integrally synchronized with the rotation axis S in the same direction. It rotates at an angular velocity of ω. At the same time, air is sucked from the suction port 41c at the flow rate Q.

As a result, the boundary layer 91 develops on the guide surface 40 in a direction away from the rotation axis S. More specifically, the disk boundary layer flow develops in the radius r direction centered on the rotation axis S. The boundary layer 91 is a layer of an air flow 61 that is guided along the guide surface 40 and flows away from the suction port 41c while swirling around the suction port 41c by being dragged by the rotation of the guide surface 40. .. In FIG. 68, a graph 92 showing the dependence of the radial component Vr of the air flow velocity in the boundary layer on the z-direction position is shown at the positions of the plurality of radii r. Here, the z direction is a direction parallel to the rotation axis S.

Simultaneously with the development of the boundary layer 91, the action of the plurality of fins 43 rotating in the same direction as the guide surface 40 causes air to flow so as to move away from the suction port 41c while rotating around the suction port 41c. That is, the boundary layer 91 near the guide surface 40 develops larger.

As a result, air is discharged in the boundary layer radially outward about the rotation axis S and in a direction intersecting the rotation axis S (for example, in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis S). As a result, air is discharged from the outer edge of the guide surface 40 to the outer side in the radial direction.

At this time, entrainment occurs. That is, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 68, a gentle ascending flow 62 that approaches the guide surface 40 and flows into the center of the guide surface 40 in the space below the boundary layer so as to supplement the discharged air. Occurs. The z-direction component of the flow velocity of the ascending stream 62 is Ve.

In addition to the presence of such an ascending current 62, the rotation of the guide surface 40 and the plurality of fins 43 causes the space below the guide surface 40 to be dominated by the fluid dynamics of the rotating system. .. Specifically, an air flow field generally according to Taylor Proudmann's theorem, that is, a flow field that is substantially uniform in the rotation axis S direction, that is, is approximately two-dimensional is formed.

In this flow field, as shown in FIG. 68, the circumferential component Vθ of the air flow increases in proportion to the radius r in the central portion, which is a region from the rotation axis S to a certain radius. That is, it behaves like a rigid body. Then, the entrainment speed at the center is transmitted downward.

In other words, the flow field corresponding to the geostrophic current, that is, the flow field in which the pressure gradient and the Coriolis force in the rotating coordinate system are balanced, is below the guide surface 40, more specifically, from the guide surface 40 to the floor surface. Occurs during 66. This rotating coordinate system is a coordinate system that is fixed to the rotating portion 54 and rotates.

Further, when the suction device 11 is operated, the air under the guide surface 40 is sucked into the suction port 41c as shown by the arrow 63. Then, as shown by the arrow 64, the sucked air passes through the suction duct 41a, the cylindrical gear 33, the flow path 31a, the fixed duct 52, the pipe 13, and the centrifuge 12 from the suction port 41c, and the suction device 11 Is sucked into.

As described above, in the situation where there is a flow field generally according to Taylor Proudman's theorem, the presence of such a suction flow further strengthens the ascending flow 62. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, a strong tornado 65 is generated, developed, and stably persists. Thus, a flow field that largely follows Taylor Proudman's theorem promotes the development, development, and stabilization of tornado 65. Specifically, since there is a flow field corresponding to the geostrophic current, the shape of the tornado 65 does not change much in the rotation axis S direction. That is, it is possible to prevent the tornado 65 from diffusing and weakening at a place far from the suction port 41c.

The tornado 65 develops from the downstream side to the upstream side of the air flow sucked by the suction duct 41a. More specifically, the tornado 65 develops from the suction port 41c or its vicinity toward the upstream side of the air flow with respect to the suction port 41c. Further, the rotation speed of the rotating portion 54 and the rotation speed of the vortex of the tornado 65 are substantially the same.

At this time, the tornado 65 mainly sucks air from the upstream end (that is, the tip) of the flow of the fluid sucked by the suction duct, and does not suck much from the side surface thereof. Therefore, the tornado generator 15 can perform directional suction. This directional suction enables remote suction, which efficiently sucks gases and suspended matter present in the air. In addition, this directional suction also sucks an object placed on the floor surface 66 as shown in FIG. This is because the tornado 65 reaches the floor surface 66.

Further, the rotation shaft S, which is the rotation center of the rotation portion 54, penetrates the suction port 41c. By doing so, the amount of movement of the center of gravity of the rotating portion 54 during rotation of the rotating portion 54 is reduced. That is, the shake of the rotating portion 54 is suppressed. Therefore, stable operation of the tornado generator 15 can be realized, and by extension, the rotation speed of the rotating portion 54 can be increased.

More specifically, the central axis of the suction duct 41a and the rotation axis S coincide with each other. Further, the center of gravity of the suction duct 41a, the center of gravity of the inner disk portion 41b, and the center of gravity of the cover member 42 all coincide with the rotation axis S. Further, the center of gravity of the entire rotating portion 54 also coincides with the rotating shaft S. As a result, the effect of suppressing the shake of the rotating portion 54 is enhanced. Therefore, the rotation speed of the rotating portion 54 can be increased.

Further, the length of each fin 43 in the longitudinal direction is longer than 1/2 of the radius of the outer edge of the guide surface 40. Therefore, the effect of sending air in the direction away from the suction port 41c is high. Further, the radius of the guide surface 40 is 5 times or more the radius of the suction port 41c. As a result, the effect of entrainment can be enhanced and the tornado can be further stabilized. Further, if the radius of the guide surface 40 is 10 times or less the radius of the suction port 41c, the tornado generation system 1 can be made compact to some extent.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, the second embodiment will be described. In the present embodiment, all of the plurality of fins 43 are removed from the tornado generation system 1 of the first embodiment. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

The operation of the tornado generation system 1 of the present embodiment is as follows. When the tornado generation system 1 is used, the motor 35 and the suction device 11 are started. As a result, as described above, the cylindrical gear 33, the suction duct 41a, the inner disk portion 41b, the fixing portion 42a, and the outer disk portion 42b are integrally rigidly rotated around the rotation axis S.

As a result, the boundary layer develops on the guide surface 40 in the direction away from the rotation axis S. This boundary layer is a layer of an air flow 61 that is guided along the guide surface 40 and flows away from the suction port 41c while swirling around the suction port 41c by being dragged by the rotation of the guide surface 40.

As a result, air is discharged radially outward about the rotation axis S in the boundary layer. At this time, entrainment occurs. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, a gentle ascending flow 62 that approaches the guide surface 40 and flows into the center of the guide surface 40 is generated in the space below the boundary layer so as to supplement the discharged air. ..

In addition to the presence of such an ascending current 62, the rotation of the guide surface 40 causes the space below the guide surface 40 to be dominated by the fluid dynamics of the rotating system. Specifically, an air flow field generally according to Taylor Proudmann's theorem, that is, a flow field that is substantially uniform in the rotation axis S direction, that is, is approximately two-dimensional is formed.

Further, when the suction device 11 is operated, the air under the guide surface 40 is sucked into the suction port 41c as shown by the arrow 63. Then, as shown by the arrow 64, the sucked air passes from the frame 51c through the suction duct 41a, the cylindrical gear 33, the flow path 31a, the fixed duct 52, the pipe 13, and the centrifuge 12 to the suction device 11. Be sucked in.

As described above, in the situation where there is a flow field generally according to Taylor Proudman's theorem, the presence of such a suction flow further strengthens the ascending flow 62. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, a strong tornado 65 is generated, developed, and stably persists. Thus, a flow field that largely follows Taylor Proudman's theorem promotes the development, development, and stabilization of tornado 65. In other words, a flow equivalent to the geostrophic current occurs.

The tornado 65 develops from the downstream side to the upstream side of the air flow sucked by the suction duct 41a. More specifically, the tornado 65 develops from the suction port 41c or its vicinity toward the upstream side of the air flow with respect to the suction port 41c. Further, the rotation speed of the rotating portion 54 and the rotation speed of the vortex of the tornado 65 are substantially the same.

At this time, the tornado 65 mainly sucks air from the upstream end (that is, the tip) of the flow of the fluid sucked by the suction duct, and does not suck much from the side surface thereof. Therefore, the tornado generator 15 can perform directional suction. This directional suction enables remote suction, which efficiently sucks gases and suspended matter present in the air. In addition, this directional suction also sucks an object placed on the floor surface 66 as shown in FIG. This is because the tornado 65 reaches the floor surface 66. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is brought about.

(Third Embodiment)
Next, the third embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the lengths of the plurality of fins 43 are changed from those in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 8, the length of each fin 43 in the longitudinal direction is shorter than 1/2 of the radius of the outer edge of the guide surface 40.

Further, comparing the shortest distance from the end of each of the plurality of fins 43 on the rotation axis S side to the rotation axis S in the longitudinal direction and the shortest distance from the end to the outer edge of the guide surface 40, the former is short. That is, the plurality of fins 43 are unevenly arranged on the inner peripheral side of the guide surface 40. The configuration of the other plurality of fins 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Even in this case, a tornado is stably generated by the same principle as in the first embodiment. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is brought about.

(Fourth Embodiment)
Next, the fourth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the lengths of the plurality of fins 43 are changed from those in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, the length of each fin 43 in the longitudinal direction is shorter than 1/2 of the radius of the outer edge of the guide surface 40.

Further, when comparing the shortest distance from the end on the rotation axis S side to the rotation axis S in the longitudinal direction of each of the plurality of fins 43 and the shortest distance from the end to the outer edge of the guide surface 40, the latter is better. short. That is, the plurality of fins 43 are unevenly arranged on the outer peripheral side of the guide surface 40. The configuration of the other plurality of fins 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Even in this case, a tornado is stably generated by the same principle as in the first embodiment. As compared with the third embodiment, the present embodiment has a higher effect of discharging the air flowing along the guide surface 40 to the outer peripheral side, and thus contributes more to the stability of the tornado. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is brought about.

(Fifth Embodiment)
Next, the fifth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the stretching directions of the plurality of fins 43 in the longitudinal direction are changed from those in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 10, the longitudinal direction of each fin 43 is a predetermined angle α with respect to the radial direction centered on the rotation axis S when it is projected on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis S. It just leans and stretches straight.

The predetermined angle α is an angle smaller than 0 ° and larger than −90 °, where the rotation direction R of the rotating portion 54 is the positive direction. For example, in FIG. 10, the predetermined angle α is −15 °. The configuration of the other plurality of fins 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Even in this case, a tornado is stably generated by the same principle as in the first embodiment. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is brought about.

(Sixth Embodiment)
Next, the sixth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the stretching directions of the plurality of fins 43 in the longitudinal direction are changed from those in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 11, the longitudinal direction of each fin 43 is a predetermined angle β with respect to the radial direction centered on the rotation axis S when it is projected on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis S. It just leans and stretches straight.

The predetermined angle β is an angle larger than 0 ° and smaller than 90 °, where the rotation direction R of the rotating portion 54 is the positive direction. For example, in FIG. 11, the predetermined angle β is 15 °. The configuration of the other plurality of fins 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Even in this case, a tornado is stably generated by the same principle as in the first embodiment. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is brought about.

(7th Embodiment)
Next, the seventh embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the stretching directions of the plurality of fins 43 in the longitudinal direction are changed from those in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, in the longitudinal direction of each fin 43, when it is projected on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis S, the angle θ with respect to the radial direction about the rotation axis S rotates. It changes as it moves away from the axis S.

Specifically, assuming that the rotation direction R of the rotating portion 54 is the positive direction, the angle θ decreases in a range smaller than 0 ° and larger than −90 ° as the distance from the rotation axis S increases. The configuration of the other plurality of fins 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Even in this case, a tornado is stably generated by the same principle as in the first embodiment. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is brought about.

(8th Embodiment)
Next, the eighth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the stretching directions of the plurality of fins 43 in the longitudinal direction are changed from those in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, in the longitudinal direction of each fin 43, when it is projected on a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis S, the angle φ with respect to the radial direction about the rotation axis S rotates. It changes as it moves away from the axis S.

Specifically, assuming that the rotation direction R of the rotating portion 54 is the positive direction, the angle θ increases in a range larger than 0 ° and smaller than 90 ° as the distance from the rotation axis S increases. The configuration of the other plurality of fins 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

Even in this case, a tornado is stably generated by the same principle as in the first embodiment. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is brought about.

(9th Embodiment)
Next, the ninth embodiment will be described. In this embodiment, the shapes of the plurality of fins 43 are changed from those in the first embodiment. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14, each fin 43 has a substantially cylindrical shape extending in the rotation axis S direction. The configuration of the other plurality of fins 43 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Even in this case, a tornado is stably generated by the same principle as in the first embodiment. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to that of the first embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment is brought about.

(10th Embodiment)
Next, the tenth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the configuration of the cover member 42 is changed for each of the first to ninth embodiments. Specifically, the cover member 42 has a skirt member 42c in addition to the fixing portion 42a and the outer disk portion 42b of the first to ninth embodiments.

The skirt member 42c is fixed to the outer edge of the outer disk portion 42b. It is a ring-shaped member. The bottom surface 42d of the skirt member 42c is smoothly connected to the guide surface 40 on the entire circumference centered on the rotation axis S. The position of the cutting line obtained by cutting the lower bottom surface 42d with a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis S in the rotation axis S direction is shifted downward as the distance from the rotation axis S increases. Further, as the tangent line of this cutting line moves away from the rotation axis S, the angle of the acute angle formed with the rotation axis S becomes smaller. Further, the tangent line of the cutting line at the outer edge of the bottom surface 42d may be parallel to the rotation axis S.

Further, the tangent line of the cutting line at the outer edge of the bottom surface 42d may be moved away from the rotation axis S as it goes downward. That is, the outer edge of the bottom surface 42d may be shaped so as to open downward.

The skirt member 42c rotates integrally with the outer disk portion 42b in the same direction. The bottom surface 42d is axisymmetric with respect to the rotation axis S.

Hereinafter, the operation of the tornado generation system 1 of the present embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first to ninth embodiments. Similar to the first to ninth embodiments, when the motor 35 and the suction device 11 are started, the entire rotating portion 54 including the skirt member 42c and the cylindrical gear 33 rotate integrally and synchronously in the same direction around the rotating shaft S. To do.

As a result, a boundary layer composed of an air flow 61 equivalent to that of the first to ninth embodiments is generated by the dragging action of the rotating guide surface 40 and the action of the plurality of rotating fins 43 (if any). However, in the present embodiment, when the air flow 61 exceeds the outer edge of the guide surface 40 and reaches the bottom surface 42d of the skirt member 42c, the air flow 61 turns downward along the shape of the bottom surface 42d and is discharged downward as it is.

Even in this case, since the air flow 61 is discharged, the boundary layer develops on the guide surface 40 in the direction away from the rotation axis S, as in the first to ninth embodiments. Therefore, entrainment occurs due to this, and further, an air flow field generally according to Taylor Proudman's theorem, that is, a flow that is generally uniform in the rotation axis S direction, that is, generally two-dimensional. A field is formed. Then, in such a situation, when air is sucked into the suction duct 41a from the suction port 41c, a strong tornado 65 is generated, developed, and stably maintained. This is the same as the first to ninth embodiments. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to the first to ninth embodiments, the same effect as that of the embodiment is brought about.

The difference in position (that is, height difference) along the rotation axis S from the suction port 41c to the outer edge of the bottom surface 42d is smaller than the radius of the guide surface 40. Therefore, the air flow 61, which will be described later, is likely to be discharged to the outside in the radial direction about the rotation axis S, so that entrainment occurs.

(11th Embodiment)
Next, the eleventh embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the shape of the suction duct 41a is changed for each of the first to tenth embodiments. Specifically, the suction duct 41a does not have a straight tube shape but is bent.

As a result, the central axis of the cylindrical gear 33 side portion of the suction duct 41a coincides with the rotating shaft S, but the central axis Sx of the cover member 42 side portion of the suction duct 41a is the rotating shaft of the cylindrical gear 33 side portion. It is deviated from S. Therefore, the center of the suction port 41c is also deviated from the rotation axis S. That is, the suction duct 41a and the suction port 41c are eccentric with respect to the rotation axis S. Other configurations are the same as those of the first to tenth embodiments. The rotation axis S may or may not be parallel to the central axis Sx.

Although a plurality of fins 43 are shown in FIG. 16, when the present embodiment is a modification of the second embodiment, the rotating portion 54 does not have the plurality of fins 43. Further, although the skirt member is not shown in FIG. 16, when the present embodiment is a change from the tenth embodiment, the cover member 42 has the skirt member 42c.

Hereinafter, the operation of the tornado generation system 1 of the present embodiment will be described focusing on the differences from the first to tenth embodiments. Similar to the first to tenth embodiments, when the motor 35 and the suction device 11 are started, the entire rotating portion 54 including the skirt member 42c and the cylindrical gear 33 rotate integrally in the same direction around the rotating shaft S in the same direction. To do. As a result, a boundary layer composed of an air flow 61 equivalent to that of the first to tenth embodiments is generated by the dragging action of the rotating guide surface 40 and the action of the plurality of rotating fins 43 (if any). Then, on the guide surface 40, the boundary layer develops in a direction away from the rotation axis S. Therefore, entrainment occurs due to this, and further, an air flow field generally according to Taylor Proudman's theorem, that is, a flow that is generally uniform in the rotation axis S direction, that is, generally two-dimensional. A field is formed. Then, in such a situation, when air is sucked into the suction duct 41a from the suction port 41c, a strong tornado 65 is generated, developed, and stably maintained. This is the same as the first to tenth embodiments.

In addition, in the present embodiment, since the center of the suction port 41c is deviated from the rotation axis S, the suction port 41c revolves around the rotation axis S as the rotating portion 54 rotates. More specifically, the center of the suction port 41c makes a circular motion about the rotation axis S. The revolution radius of the suction port 41c may be shorter or longer than 1/2 of the hydraulic diameter of the suction port 41c.

When the revolution radius of the suction port 41c is longer than 1/2 of the hydraulic diameter of the suction port 41c, the static pressure inside the locus due to the revolution of the part of the suction port 41c closest to the rotation axis S is lower than the atmospheric pressure. Become. As a result, the tornado 65 on the outside of the locus is pulled inside the locus. As a result, the tornado 65 can be more stable and last for a long time.

On the contrary, when the revolving radius of the suction port 41c is shorter than 1/2 of the hydraulic diameter of the suction port 41c, the region near the rotation axis S (specifically, the region inside the locus of the center of the suction port 41c). The static pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure. As a result, the tornado 65 outside the locus is pulled into the vicinity region. As a result, the tornado 65 can be more stable and last for a longer time than before.

As described above, the revolving motion of the suction port 41c increases the stability of the tornado 65 and improves the suction force of the tornado 65. In addition, from the configuration equivalent to the first to tenth embodiments, the same effect as that of the embodiment is brought about.

(Experimental example)
Below, a plurality of experimental results of the tornado generator 15 corresponding to the above embodiment are listed. 17, FIG. 18, FIG. 19, and FIG. 20 are tables listing the experimental results. FIG. 17 corresponds to Table 1, FIG. 18 corresponds to Table 2, FIG. 19 corresponds to Table 3, and FIG. 20 corresponds to Table 4.

In these tables, D [mm] indicates the diameter of the guide surface 40, and d [mm] indicates the diameter of the suction port 41c (see FIG. 3). Further, N [rpm] indicates the rotation speed of the rotating portion 54. Further, H [mm] indicates the area height (see FIG. 2). The region height is the height from the floor surface 66 along the rotation axis S to the suction port 41c.

Further, R [mm] indicates the revolution radius of the suction port 41c. When the central axis of the suction port 41c coincides with the rotation axis S, that is, when the suction port 41c does not revolve, R becomes zero. Q [m ³ / h] indicates the flow rate of air sucked from the suction port 41c, that is, the suction flow rate. The suction flow rate Q is measured by the air flow meter 14. The number of fins indicates the number of a plurality of fins 43. The fin arrangement indicates a drawing number to which the shape and arrangement of the plurality of fins 43 correspond. The fin size indicates the height × vertical length × thickness of each of the plurality of fins 43. The height is the length of the target fin in the rotation axis S direction. The vertical length is the length of the target fin in the longitudinal direction. The thickness is the length of the target fin in the thickness direction. In any of Tables 1 to 4, the skirt member 42c is not provided.

First, the examples in Table 1 will be described. In Cases 1-1 to 1-8, the air flow in the rotating portion 54 and the observation area 67 (see FIG. 1) is photographed, which are shown in FIGS. 21 to 28, respectively. The observation area 67 is a space on the guide surface 40 side of the rotating portion 54. Dry ice mist is sprayed throughout the observation area 67 to visualize the air flow.

In all cases of Table 1, d = 32 mm and R = 0 mm. Further, in Cases 1-3 to 1-8, the fin size is 19 × 125 × 2 [mm ³ ], and the fin arrangement corresponds to FIG.

Cases 1-1, 1-3, 1-5, and 1-7 in Table 1 are comparative examples. In these cases, the suction flow rate Q is zero. That is, in these cases, air is not sucked from the suction port 41c. Under the condition that the rotating portion 54 only rotates without suction, a tornado with a core does not occur regardless of the presence or absence of fins, as shown in FIGS. 21, 23, 25, and 27.

On the other hand, in Cases 1-2, 1-4, 1-6, and 1-8, as shown in FIGS. 22, 24, 26, and 28, a stable tornado with a core is stably generated. From the experimental results in Table 1, the importance of suction can be confirmed. The core is a visualization of the two-dimensional vortex structure of the tornado 65 by the strong tornado 65 reaching the floor surface 66 directly sucking the dry ice mist floating on the floor surface 66.

Next, the examples in Table 2 will be described. In Cases 2-1 to 2-6, the air flow in the rotating portion 54 and the observation area 67 (see FIG. 1) is photographed in the same manner as in the experiment in Table 1, and FIGS. 29 to 35 are taken. 29 corresponds to case 2-1, FIG. 30 corresponds to case 2-2, FIGS. 31 and 32 correspond to case 2-3, FIG. 33 corresponds to case 2-4, and FIG. 34 shows. Corresponds to Case 2-5, and FIG. 35 corresponds to Case 2-6.

In all cases of Table 2, d = 32 mm and R = 0 mm. Further, in Cases 1-3 to 1-8, the fin size is 19 × 125 × 2 [mm ³ ], and the fin arrangement corresponds to FIG.

In Table 2, the region height H differs between the cases. The larger the region height H, the more difficult it is for the tornado to reach the floor surface 66. In fact, cases 2-1 to 2-4 produce a stable tornado with a core, and cases 2-5 and 2-6 do not generate a tornado with a core.

Next, the examples in Table 3 will be described. In Cases 3-1 to 3-11, the air flows in the rotating portion 54 and the observation area 67 (see FIG. 1) are photographed in the same manner as in the experiment in Table 1, respectively, FIGS. 36 to 46. In all cases of Table 3, d = 32 mm and R = 0 mm.

When a plurality of fins 43 radially linear from the rotation axis S are arranged as in cases 3-3, 3-4, and 3-6, the longer each of the plurality of fins 43 is, the more the tornado is. Is easy to occur and stable. However, in any of these cases, tornadoes are likely to occur and are stable.

Further, by comparing Case 3-4 and Case 3-5 with each other, the characteristics regarding the position of the fins can be found. That is, tornadoes are more likely to occur and are more stable when the plurality of fins 43 are arranged away from the rotation axis S (that is, on the outer peripheral side) than when they are arranged near the rotation axis S (that is, on the inner peripheral side). It turns out to be easy. However, in any of these cases, tornadoes are likely to occur and are stable.

Further, comparing cases 3-6, 3-7, and 3-8 with each other, when a plurality of fins 43 extend linearly, they form in the radial direction centered on the rotation axis S. It can be seen that the difference in acute angles does not significantly affect the ease and stability of tornadoes. In any of these cases, tornadoes are likely to occur and are stable.

Further, when the cases 3-6 to 3-11 are compared with each other, the fins having a shape extending straight in the longitudinal direction are more suitable than the fins having a shape bent in the longitudinal direction as in cases 3-9 to 3-11. It can be seen that it greatly contributes to the facilitation and stabilization of tornadoes. However, in any of these cases, tornadoes are likely to occur and are stable.

Next, the examples in Table 4 will be described. In Cases 4-1 to 4-5, the air flows in the rotating portion 54 and the observation area 67 (see FIG. 1) are photographed in the same manner as in the experiment in Table 1, respectively, FIGS. 47 to 51. In all cases of Table 3, d = 32 mm, R = 0 mm, the fin size is 19 × 48 × 2 [mm ³ ], and the fin arrangement corresponds to FIG.

In each case of Table 4, the diameter D of the guide surface 40 is smaller than that of the cases of Tables 1, 2, and 3. Specifically, in Tables 1, 2 and 3, D / d is in the range of 10 to 9.4, but in Table 4, D / d is 5. Case 4-5 is a comparative example.

In general, the larger the rotation speed N, the easier it is for a tornado to occur, the smaller the suction flow rate Q, the easier it is for a tornado to occur, and the smaller the region height H, the easier it is for a tornado to occur.

Even in Case 4-1 a stable tornado does not occur. In case 4-1 the other conditions (rotation speed N, suction flow rate Q, region height H, etc.) are the same, and when D / d is increased to about 10, a stable tornado is generated.

It is considered that this is because when the guide surface 40 is made smaller, it is less likely that the air under the guide surface 40 is swirled as compared with the case where the guide surface 40 is made larger. However, as in Case 4-2, if the ratio V2 / V1 of the swirling flow velocity V2 to the ascending flow velocity V1 below the suction port 41c is raised to an appropriate value by reducing the suction flow rate Q, it becomes stable. A tornado occurs. In case 4-3, the suction flow rate Q is too small and no tornado is generated.

Further, in case 4-4, the region height H is doubled as compared with cases 4-1 to 4-3. As described above, it can be seen that as the region height H is increased, it becomes more difficult for the swirling flow provided by the guide surface 40 and the plurality of fins 43 to reach the ground surface. However, in Case 4-5, although the suction flow rate Q is zero, the ascending flow and the swirling flow due to the entrainment are balanced, and a tornado with a core is generated. In the case where a tornado with a core is generated other than the case 4-5, the tornado generator 15 can be used as a dust collector. However, Case 4-5 cannot be used as a dust collector because the suction flow rate Q is zero.

In the examples of Tables 1 to 3 above, the rotation speed N is 100 rpm or more and 360 rpm or less. However, in the above cases 1-2, 1-8, 2-1 to 2-6, 3-1 and 3-5, 3-9, the rotation speed N is 200 rpm or more. Since the position of the center of gravity of the guide member including the duct member 41 and the cover member 42 is on the rotation axis S and the position of the center of gravity of the rotation portion 54 is on the rotation axis S, the guide member and the rotation portion during rotation of the rotation portion 54 The amount of movement of the center of gravity of 54 is reduced. That is, the vibration of the tornado generator 15 during the rotation of the rotating portion 54 is suppressed. Therefore, stable operation of the tornado generator 15 is realized, and by extension, the rotation speed N of the rotating portion 54 can be increased in this way.

The fact that the position of the center of gravity is on the rotation axis S means that not only the center of gravity and the rotation axis S are completely coincident with each other, but also that the position of the center of gravity is substantially located on the rotation axis S. It is a concept including that the position of the center of gravity is slightly deviated from the rotation axis S. As a range in which the position of the center of gravity can be considered to be substantially on the rotation axis S, the distance from the position of the center of gravity to the rotation axis S may be a range of 1/10 or less of the hydraulic diameter of the suction port 41c.

Here, in Case 2-2, in order to visualize the flow of the boundary layer generated in the vicinity of the guide surface 40, one end of a thread 72 having a total length of 40 mm was attached to the tip of the rod 71 as shown in FIG. Taft was used.

In Case 2-2, as shown in FIG. 53, the tornado generation system 1 was operated with the tufts arranged slightly below the guide surface 40 and slightly outside the outer edge of the guide surface 40. Then, as shown in FIG. 54, the thread is urged outward in the radial direction about the rotation axis S to change its posture. As a result, it can be seen that the air flow 61 (see FIGS. 6 and 7) that forms the boundary layer generated on the surface of the guide surface 40 is discharged from the guide surface 40 to the outside in the radial direction of the rotation axis S.

Further, in Case 2-2, as shown in FIG. 55, the tornado generation system 1 was operated in a state where the tuft was arranged at an intermediate position between the guide surface 40 and the floor surface 66 and slightly outside the outer edge of the guide surface 40. .. Then, as shown in FIG. 56, the thread is urged in the circumferential direction about the rotation axis S to change its posture. As a result, it can be seen that there is little inflow and outflow of air in the radial direction centered on the rotation axis S at a location away from the guide surface 40 and the floor surface 66.

Further, in Case 2-2, as shown in FIG. 57, the tornado generation system 1 was operated in a state where the tuft was arranged in contact with the floor surface 66 and slightly outside the outer edge of the guide surface 40. Then, as shown in FIG. 58, the thread is urged inward in the radial direction about the rotation axis S to change its posture. As a result, it can be seen that an air flow flowing inward in the radial direction centered on the rotation axis S is generated near the floor surface 66.

Next, FIGS. 59 to 66 show experimental results for comparison between the case where the plurality of fins 43 are present and the case where the plurality of fins 43 are not present. In these examples, experiments are conducted under the conditions of d = 32 mm, D = 320 mm, R = 0 mm, and H = 160 mm.

59 and 60 are the experimental results of N = 150 rpm, FIGS. 61 and 62 are the experimental results of N = 200 rpm, and FIGS. 63 and 64 are the experimental results of N = 250 rpm, and FIGS. 65 and 66. However, the experimental result of N = 300 rpm is shown.

Further, in FIGS. 59, 61, 63, and 65, a tornado generator 15 without fins is used. Further, in FIGS. 60, 62, 64, and 66, a tornado generator 15 having six plurality of fins 43 is used.

These FIGS. 59 to 66 represent the absolute value of the air velocity in the observation region 67 in terms of concentration. The horizontal axis represents the radial position y where the position of the rotation axis S is zero. The vertical axis represents the position x in the rotation axis S direction in which the position of the guide surface 40 is zero. The lines in each figure represent the direction of air velocity.

As can be seen from these figures, even under the same conditions, the case where the plurality of fins 43 are present has a larger thickness of the tornado portion having a higher speed and a higher speed than the example without the fins 43. That is, in the case where the plurality of fins 43 are present, a stronger and more stable tornado is generated than in the case where there is no fin 43.

Next, FIG. 67 shows the dependence of Vθmax / Vax on the dimensionless parameters S / _D and the scale ratio H / d. The larger Vθmax / Vax, the higher the performance of tornado generation and maintenance by the tornado generation system 1.

H is the region height as described above, and d is the diameter of the suction port 41c as described above. Vθmax is the maximum value of the circumferential component of the air velocity when air is sucked from the suction port 41c at the suction flow rate Q and the rotating portion 54 rotates at the angular velocity ω. Here, the circumferential component means a circumferential component around the rotation axis of the rotating portion 54. The maximum value means the maximum value in the entire observation area 67. Vax is the average flow velocity of air at the suction port 41c. Further, the swirl number S _D is a quantity defined by S _D = ω × D ² / (4 × Vax × d), and is a dimensionless number representing the strength of the swirling flow. D is the diameter of the guide surface 40 as described above. In the experiment shown in Figure 67, the Reynolds number Re is another dimensionless number is in a 3.0 × 10 ⁴ or more 5.2 × 10 ⁴ or less.

As shown in FIG. 67, the experimental results are plotted on different curves for each scale ratio H / d on a graph in which the horizontal axis is the swirl number _SD and the vertical axis is Vθmax / Vax. In this graph, Until a certain value swirl number _{S D,} increases Vθmax / Vax with increasing swirl number _{S D,} the swirl number _{S D} is larger than the value, with increasing swirl number _{S D} Vshitamax / Vax decreases. From this graph, the representative velocity of the swirling flow can be evaluated only by the swirl number _SD and the scale ratio H / d. From this, the range of the swirl number _SD that enhances the tornado generation performance can be known.

(12th Embodiment)
Next, the twelfth embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 69 to 74. The tornado generation system 1 of the present embodiment is a modification of the tornado generation system 1 of the first embodiment in that the configurations of the drive unit 53 and the rotating unit 54 are changed.

The drive unit 53 has a ventilation unit 30, a bearing 37, and four fixing portions 38, as shown in FIGS. 69, 70, 71, and 72. The drive unit 53 of the present embodiment does not have an electric motor or a transmission gear.

The rotating portion 54 includes a duct member 41, a plurality of fins 43, a disk 44 which is a guide member, a plurality of fan blades 45, and a ring 46. A plurality of fan blades 45 and a ring 46 form one axial fan.

First, the components of the drive unit 53 will be described. The ventilation portion 30 is a tubular member, one end communicating with the fixed duct 52 and the other end communicating with the duct member 41. Each of the fixing portions 38 is formed integrally with the ventilation portion 30, and is fixed to the frame 51 by fastening bolts or the like. By this fixing, the position of the ventilation portion 30 is fixedly determined.

The drive unit 53 configured in this way drives the rotating unit 54 by sucking air from the suction port 41c into the ventilation unit 30 by the suction force of the suction device 11 and applying the air to the plurality of fan blades 45. ..

The bearing 37 is a ball bearing. The bearing 37 is held on the inner circumference of the other end of the ventilation portion 30 (that is, the end portion on the rotating portion 54 side), and rotatably supports the duct member 41 with respect to the driving portion 53.

Next, the components of the rotating portion 54 will be described. The duct member 41 is a tubular member coaxial with the end of the ventilation portion 30 on the duct member 41 side. The disk 44 is a circular plate having a circular suction port 41c formed in the center thereof. The surface of the disk 44 opposite to the ventilation portion 30 is the guide surface 40. The suction port 41c penetrates the front and back surfaces of the guide surface 40. The duct member 41 and the disk 44 are integrally formed, and the duct member 41 communicates with the suction port 41c.

The plurality of fins 43 are fixed to the guide surface 40 of the disk 44. The shape of the plurality of fins 43 and the mounting mode on the guide surface 40 are the same as those in the first embodiment. As for the plurality of fins 43, those of the third to fourteenth embodiments may be adopted.

The plurality of fan blades 45 are plate-shaped members arranged inside the duct member 41 so as to be displaced from each other in the circumferential direction. Each fan blade 45 extends radially and is fixedly connected to the inner peripheral wall of the duct member 41 at the outer peripheral end. Further, the inner end of each fan blade 45 is fixedly connected to the ring 46.

When each fan blade 45 receives air flowing from the suction port 41c to the ventilation portion 30, it rotates in the same circumferential direction (for example, counterclockwise direction in FIG. 71) about the rotation axis S of the rotating portion 54. The mounting angle is set. The ring 46 is formed with a hole penetrating from one side to the other side of the rotation shaft S in the central portion. Air can pass through this hole.

Next, the operation of the tornado generation system 1 having the above configuration will be described. When the tornado generation system 1 is used, the suction device 11 is started. As a result, the air in the space opposite to the drive unit 53 of the guide surface 40 passes through the suction port 41c, the duct member 41, the ventilation unit 30, the fixed duct 52, the pipe 13, and the centrifuge 12, and the suction device 11 Is sucked into.

At this time, the plurality of fan blades 45 in the duct member 41 receive a force from the air passing through the duct member 41 and rotate around the rotation axis S in the same circumferential direction. As a result, the entire rotating portion 54 rotates integrally. More specifically, among the rotating portions 54, the duct member 41, the plurality of fins 43, the disc 44, and the ring 46 receive the force generated by the rotation of the plurality of fan blades 45, and the plurality of fan blades In synchronization with 45, it rotates about the rotation axis S. The mechanism by which the suction device 11 sucks air and the rotating portion 54 rotates to generate a tornado is the same as that of the first embodiment.

FIG. 73 shows a photograph of the air flow in the rotating portion 54 and the observation region in one experiment of the present embodiment. The experimental conditions in this photograph are the rotation speed N = 1700 rpm of the plurality of fins 43, the region height H = 200 mm, the diameter d of the suction port 41c = 32 mm, the diameter D of the disk 44 = 100 mm, and the set suction flow rate Q = 100 m. ³ / h, is a real suction flow rate _Q R = ^80m 3 / h. As shown in FIG. 73, a developed tornado swirling flow is generated in which the vortex core can be confirmed.

The setting and the suction flow rate Q is the flow rate of the target set by the suction device 11, the pressure loss due to rotating the rotary unit 54 in the air flow, the actual suction flow rate Q _R through the actual pipe 13, It was about 20% lower than the set suction flow rate Q.

The results of a plurality of experiments performed on this embodiment are shown in FIG. 74. The horizontal axis of FIG. 74 is a real suction flow rate Q _R, and the vertical axis represents the rotational speed N. In this experiment, the region height H, the diameter d of the suction port 41c, and the diameter D of the disk 44 are the same as in the experiment of FIG. 73. As it can be seen from Figure 74, with an increase of the actual suction flow rate Q _R, the rotational speed N increases. This is because the plurality of fan blades 45 rotate by receiving a force from the sucked air.

In this way, by providing the fan blade 45 that rotates the plurality of fins 43 by utilizing the force received from the sucked air, in addition to the air suction itself for generating the tornado, the plurality of fins 43 The rotation of the tornado can also be generated by suction of the fluid. That is, the tornado generation system 1 has a self-excited rotating disk mechanism.

Further, in the present embodiment, since the electric motor for driving the rotating unit 54 is abolished, the physique and weight of the driving unit 53 can be reduced. Further, a higher rotation speed N can be obtained as compared with the case where the rotating portion 54 is rotated by the output of the electric motor.

It should be noted that changes such as those of the second embodiment to the first embodiment may be applied to the present embodiment. That is, in the present embodiment, all the plurality of fins 43 may be eliminated. In that case, by providing the fan blade 45 that rotates the disk 44 by utilizing the force received from the sucked air, in addition to the suction of air itself for generating the tornado, the rotation of the disk 44 Can also be generated by suction of fluid.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be appropriately modified. Further, the above-described embodiments are not unrelated to each other, and can be appropriately combined unless the combination is clearly impossible. Further, in each of the above embodiments, the elements constituting the embodiment are not necessarily essential except when it is clearly stated that they are essential and when it is clearly considered to be essential in principle. Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, when numerical values such as the number, numerical values, amounts, and ranges of the constituent elements of the embodiment are mentioned, when it is clearly stated that they are particularly essential, and when the number is clearly limited in principle. It is not limited to the specific number except when it is done. Further, in the above embodiment, when it is described that the external environment information of the vehicle (for example, the humidity outside the vehicle) is acquired from the sensor, the sensor is abolished and the external environment information is received from the server or the cloud outside the vehicle. It is also possible to do. Alternatively, it is possible to abolish the sensor, acquire related information related to the external environment information from a server or cloud outside the vehicle, and estimate the external environment information from the acquired related information. In particular, when a plurality of values are exemplified for a certain quantity, it is also possible to adopt a value between the plurality of values unless otherwise specified or when it is clearly impossible in principle. .. Further, in each of the above embodiments, when referring to the shape, positional relationship, etc. of a component or the like, the shape, etc., unless otherwise specified or limited in principle to a specific shape, positional relationship, etc. It is not limited to the positional relationship. In addition, the present invention also allows the following modifications and equivalent range modifications for each of the above embodiments. In addition, the following modified examples can be independently selected to be applied or not applied to the above embodiment. That is, any combination of the following modifications can be applied to the above embodiment.

(Modification example 1)
The tornado generator 15 of the above embodiment is used for experimental purposes, but the tornado generator 15 is not limited to such a device. For example, the tornado generator 15 may be used as a vacuum cleaner. In this case, the tornado generator 15 sucks dust and dirt at the tip of the tornado extending substantially along the rotation axis S from the suction port 41c by the air flow of the tornado and sucks it to the suction port 41c and the suction duct 41a. In this case, the tornado generator 15 and the suction device 11 may be integrally formed so that the user can carry them around.

Further, for example, the tornado generator 15 may be used as a ventilation device. In this case, the tornado generator 15 sucks the air limited to the portion at the tip of the tornado extending substantially along the rotation axis S from the suction port 41c by the air flow of the tornado and sucks it to the suction port 41c and the suction duct 41a. .. That is, this ventilator is a local ventilator.

(Modification 2)
In the above embodiment, the inner disk portion 41b and the outer disk portion 42b are rotating. However, this does not necessarily have to be the case. For example, the suction duct 41a and the inner disk portion 41b are formed separately, and the inner disk portion 41b and the cover member 42 do not have to rotate. In that case, the plurality of fins 43 are fixed to the suction duct 41a. In this case, a tornado is stably generated even if the plurality of fins 43 rotate together with the suction duct 41a.

Specifically, the air on the lower side of the guide surface 40 is flowed along the guide surface 40 so as to move away from the suction port 41c by the rotation of the plurality of fins 43. At this time, entrainment occurs. That is, a flow approaching the guide surface 40 is generated so as to supplement the amount of air away from the suction port 41c. As a result, a fluid flow field in which air generally follows Taylor Proudman's theorem in the fluid dynamics of a rotating system, that is, a flow field that is generally uniform, that is, generally two-dimensional, is formed on the rotation axis S. To. This flow field promotes the development, development and stabilization of tornadoes.

(Modification 3)
In the above embodiment, the influence of the region height H is described using Table 2, but the experimental results in Table 2 indicate that the floor surface 66 is indispensable as a component of the tornado generator 15. It doesn't mean. For example, even if the floor surface 66 is not provided, if the tornado generator 15 is portable, a stable tornado can be obtained by bringing the suction port 41c of the tornado generator 15 close to the target wall to a required distance. Can occur.

(Modification example 4)
In the above embodiment, the guide surface 40 is circular, but it does not necessarily have to be circular. For example, it may be oval or quadrangular.

(Modification 5)
In the above embodiment, the guide surface 40 is a flat surface, but it does not necessarily have to be a flat surface. For example, the guide surface 40 may be smoothly curved.

(Modification 6)
In the above embodiment, the suction duct 41a may project shortly downward from the guide surface 40.

(Modification 7)
The tornado generator 15 is arranged so that the tornado is generated below the suction port 41c, but the tornado may be arranged so as to be generated above or laterally to the suction port 41c.

(Modification 8)
In the above embodiment, the tornado generator 15 generates a tornado of air, but a tornado of a fluid other than air may be generated. For example, a tornado of a gas other than air may be generated, or a tornado of a liquid such as water may be generated.

(Modification 9)
In the above embodiment, the number of fins is exemplified by 3 or 6, but the number of fins may be 1, 2, or 7 or more.

(Modification example 10)
Even if the tornado generator 15 can switch between a mode in which a tornado is generated with a suction flow rate Q larger than zero and a mode in which the suction flow rate Q is set to zero as in case 4-5 described above, a tornado is generated. Good.

1 ... tornado generator, 11 ... suction device, 12 ... centrifuge, 13 ... piping, 14 ... air flow meter, 15 ... tornado generator, 31 ... body, 32 ... stay, 33 ... cylindrical gear, 34 ... bearing, 35 ... Motor, 36 ... Transmission gear, 40 ... Guide surface, 41 ... Duct member, 41a ... Suction duct, 41b ... Inner disk part, 41c ... Suction port, 42 ... Cover member, 42a ... Fixed part, 42b ... Outer disk part, 42c ... skirt member, 43 ... fins, 51 ... frame, 52 ... fixed duct, 53 ... drive unit, 54 ... rotating part, 65 ... tornado, 66 ... floor surface

Claims (13)

Guide members (41, 42) having a guide surface (40) on one side on which a suction port (41c) is formed, and
By rotating around the suction port (41) on the one side of the guide member (41, 42), the fluid on the one side of the guide member (41, 42) is brought to the guide surface (40). A fin (43) flowing along the suction port (41c) so as to move away from the suction port (41c).
A suction duct (41a) that generates a tornado on the one side of the guide member (41, 42) by sucking the fluid on the one side of the guide member (41, 42) through the suction port (41c). ), And a tornado generator. The tornado generator according to claim 1, wherein the guide members (41, 42) rotate in the same direction as the fins (43). The tornado generator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the position of the center of gravity of the guide member is on the rotation axis (S) of the guide member (41, 42). The tornado generator according to claim 3, wherein the rotation speed of the guide members (41, 42) is larger than 200 rpm. The tornado generation according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the longitudinal direction of the fin (43) extends along the guide surface (40) in a direction away from the suction port (41c). apparatus. A tornado is characterized in that the tornado develops from the downstream side to the upstream side of the flow of the fluid sucked by the suction duct (41a) on the one side of the guide members (41, 42). 5. The tornado generator according to any one of 5. The tornado is characterized in that the tornado sucks the fluid from the upstream end of the flow of the fluid sucked by the suction duct (41a) on the one side of the guide members (41, 42). The tornado generator according to any one of 6. The tornado generator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the area of the guide surface (40) is 25 times or more the cross-sectional area of the flow path of the suction port (41c). A fan blade (45) that rotates by receiving a force from a fluid sucked from the suction port is provided.
The tornado generator according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fin rotates in response to a force generated by the rotation of the fan blade. It has a guide surface (40) on which a suction port (41) is formed on one side, and by rotating, the fluid on the one side is dragged by the guide surface (40) along the guide surface (40). Guide members (41, 42) that flow away from the suction port (41c),
A suction duct (41a) that generates a tornado on the one side of the guide member (41, 42) by sucking the fluid on the one side of the guide member (41, 42) through the suction port (41c). ), And a tornado generator. A fan blade (45) that rotates by receiving a force from a fluid sucked from the suction port is provided.
The tornado generator according to claim 10, wherein the guide member rotates in response to a force generated by the rotation of the fan blade. The tornado generator according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein a geostrophic current is generated on one side of the guide (40) surface. The suction duct according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the suction duct rotates about a rotation axis (S) of the guide members (41, 42) or rotates eccentrically with respect to the rotation axis. Tornado generator.