CN113668996A - 一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113668996A CN113668996A CN202110905581.3A CN202110905581A CN113668996A CN 113668996 A CN113668996 A CN 113668996A CN 202110905581 A CN202110905581 A CN 202110905581A CN 113668996 A CN113668996 A CN 113668996A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- glass
- transparent
- transparent conductive
- layer
- photovoltaic cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000075 oxide glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001167 Poly(triaryl amine) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical group [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- XDXWNHPWWKGTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 207739-72-8 Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1N(C=1C=C2C3(C4=CC(=CC=C4C2=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C1=CC(=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=C13)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(OC)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(OC)C=C1 XDXWNHPWWKGTKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PDZKZMQQDCHTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);thiocyanate Chemical compound [Cu+].[S-]C#N PDZKZMQQDCHTNF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrothieno[3,4-b][1,4]dioxine Chemical compound O1CCOC2=CSC=C21 GKWLILHTTGWKLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910005855 NiOx Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000144 PEDOT:PSS Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 amine ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005328 architectural glass Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- XDLSXXMJBCNXPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Pb].CN Chemical compound [Pb].CN XDLSXXMJBCNXPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000004984 smart glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMSO Substances CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002845 discoloration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003796 beauty Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pb]Cl HWSZZLVAJGOAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum trioxide Inorganic materials O=[Mo](=O)=O JKQOBWVOAYFWKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N [60]pcbm Chemical compound C123C(C4=C5C6=C7C8=C9C%10=C%11C%12=C%13C%14=C%15C%16=C%17C%18=C(C=%19C=%20C%18=C%18C%16=C%13C%13=C%11C9=C9C7=C(C=%20C9=C%13%18)C(C7=%19)=C96)C6=C%11C%17=C%15C%13=C%15C%14=C%12C%12=C%10C%10=C85)=C9C7=C6C2=C%11C%13=C2C%15=C%12C%10=C4C23C1(CCCC(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEKFRNRSUCMVPD-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Pb](Cl)Cl.CN Chemical compound [Pb](Cl)Cl.CN PEKFRNRSUCMVPD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000011664 signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
- E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/28—Other arrangements on doors or windows, e.g. door-plates, windows adapted to carry plants, hooks for window cleaners
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/1506—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect caused by electrodeposition, e.g. electrolytic deposition of an inorganic material on or close to an electrode
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/153—Constructional details
- G02F1/155—Electrodes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
- H02S20/22—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object specially adapted for buildings
- H02S20/26—Building materials integrated with PV modules, e.g. façade elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/81—Electrodes
- H10K30/82—Transparent electrodes, e.g. indium tin oxide [ITO] electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B2009/2464—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds featuring transparency control by applying voltage, e.g. LCD, electrochromic panels
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B9/00—Screening or protective devices for wall or similar openings, with or without operating or securing mechanisms; Closures of similar construction
- E06B9/24—Screens or other constructions affording protection against light, especially against sunshine; Similar screens for privacy or appearance; Slat blinds
- E06B2009/2476—Solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法,解决现有变色玻璃依靠外加电源实现变色,影响节能效果,需要外接线路,影响电致变色玻璃安全性,以及不透明的技术问题。该智能变色玻璃包括框架、储能元件、储能电路、控制电路、透明光伏电池和电致变色玻璃;框架用于进行一体化封装;透明光伏电池通过控制电路向电致变色玻璃提供电能,通过储能电路将多余的电能储存在储能元件中;透明光伏电池包括逐层设置的透明电极、空穴传输层、光吸收层、电子传输层及透明导电基底;电致变色玻璃包括逐层设置的第一透明导电玻璃、金属框架电极及第二透明导电玻璃;第一透明导电玻璃、金属框架电极以及第二透明导电玻璃之间形成腔体。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于新型光伏及电致变色器件技术领域,具体涉及一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法。
背景技术
建筑物节能近年来成为业界关注的热点,根据美国伯克利国家实验室的大量研究表明,电致变色玻璃窗可以提高建筑节能,对于商业建筑最高能减少约16%-50%的制冷和照明电耗。S.K.Deb于1973年较早提出了氧化钨电致变色的原理;中国专利CN210090882U提出了一种对电解液的有效改进方法,推进电致变色玻璃的封装工艺。
以往电致变色玻璃主要依靠外加电源来实现变色,如此会削弱大部分节能效果,同时安装复杂,需要外接线路的电致变色玻璃对安全性和美观性形成影响。如今,电致变色玻璃也有通过光伏电池实现变色,例如:中国专利申请CN106873280A将太阳能电池嵌装在电致变色玻璃右上角实现供电,中国专利CN202788519U将太阳能电池通过电连接为电致变色玻璃供能,然而此类玻璃无法实现光伏电池与玻璃的一体化设计,同时为了追求电池效率,通常采用传统的光伏电池,而传统光伏电池的吸收光谱范围较广,包含可见光,因此是完全不透明或半透明的,如此也无法满足行业对美观、环保性能日渐提升的要求。
鉴于此,有必要设计一款可以实现集发电、储能、变色于一体的变色玻璃,更加符合建筑行业对美观、环保的要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有变色玻璃依靠外加电源实现变色,影响节能效果,需要外接线路,影响电致变色玻璃安全性,以及不透明的不足之处,而提供一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法。该自供能智能玻璃集发电、储能、变色功能于一体,可以透过可见光、吸收并利用紫外光为电致变色玻璃的供电系统,实现快速变色。
一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特殊之处在于:包括框架、储能元件、储能电路、控制电路、透明光伏电池和电致变色玻璃;
所述框架用于对储能元件、储能电路、控制电路、透明光伏电池以及电致变色玻璃进行一体化封装;
所述透明光伏电池通过控制电路向电致变色玻璃提供电能,并通过储能电路(也称能量采集电路)将多余的电能储存在储能元件中,作为备用能量;
所述透明光伏电池为5层结构,包括逐层设置的透明电极、空穴传输层、光吸收层、电子传输层以及透明导电基底;所述光吸收层采用能够透过可见光、吸收并转化紫外线的宽带隙钙钛矿材料;透明光伏电池主要功能为提供稳定电压为电致变色玻璃供能,还可通过吸收紫外线进行供能,因此,该电池的另一功能是过滤紫外线,透明光伏电池的输出电流与外界光强相关,可作为光强传感器向控制电路输出光强信号;透明电极150-300纳米,空穴传输层100-300纳米,光吸收层200-400纳米-电子传输层20-100纳米,透明电极150-300纳米。各层的厚度根据材料选择不同会有不同的优化厚度;
所述电致变色玻璃包括逐层设置的第一透明导电玻璃、金属框架电极以及第二透明导电玻璃;所述第一透明导电玻璃、金属框架电极以及第二透明导电玻璃之间形成腔体,所述腔体内填充有含多价态过渡金属离子高分子凝胶的电解液,形成电解质层,此为液态电解质电致变色玻璃;当向所述液态电解质层掺杂光固化树脂,可制得固态电解质电致变色玻璃;所述电解质层通过电化学氧化还原反应改变透过率实现电致变色,即以多价态过渡族金属离子电沉积作为电致变色层原理,通过外加电压,实现可循环的着色和褪色,可以调节室内光线,通电便可实现金属在第二导电玻璃上均匀沉积,实现均匀、快速、大动态范围的电致变色。储能元件为化学电池或电容器装置,在需要时为电致变色供电,该玻璃实现了光能转化、储能及电致变色的集成。
进一步地,所述第一透明导电玻璃叠置在所述透明导电基底的背面,即将透明光伏电池的透明导电基底与电致变色玻璃的第一透明导电玻璃衔合,作为共用层,以达到减少层数的目的,更加节约空间。
进一步地,根据智能化调节的需要,还包括设置在控制电路上的信号调压单元;所述信号调压单元包括信号接收器以及调压元件;所述信号接收器接收控制信号,通过调压元件调节控制电路上的电压,为电致变色玻璃提供可变电压。
进一步地,所述透明电极采用氧化物/超薄金属/氧化物复合电极或者氧化物/透明导电氧化物双层电极;
所述空穴传输采用2,2',7,7'-四[N,N-二(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基]-9,9'-螺二芴(Spiro-OMeTAD)、聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT:PSS)、聚[双(4-苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)胺](PTAA)、硫氰化亚铜(CuSCN)、NiOx、碳纳米管(CNT)或碳纳米管(CNT)复合材料;
所述光吸收层采用部分掺杂Br或I元素的,A位离子为有机胺离子或铯离子的APbCl3型有机卤化钙钛矿材料;
所述电子传输层采用疏松金属氧化物、富勒烯衍生物或富勒烯衍生物复合材料;
所述透明导电基底为氧化铟锡玻璃或掺杂氟氧化锡玻璃。
进一步地,所述第一透明导电玻璃和第二透明导电玻璃采用利用高导电特性纳米材料进行表面修饰的氧化铟锡玻璃或掺杂氟氧化锡玻璃;高导电特性纳米材料主要是指Pt、Ag或Au纳米颗粒,通过涂布的方式进行表面修饰;
所述电解液中还掺杂有光固化树脂,可制备固态电致变色玻璃。
进一步地,所述金属氧化物为TiO2、ZnO或SnO2;
所述富勒烯衍生物为C60、[6,6]-苯基-C61-丁酸异甲酯(PCBM)、C60双加成物(ICBA)。
进一步地,为了使紫外光的吸收能力达到最优,所述光吸收层采用甲铵铅氯MAPbCl3钙钛矿材料;
所述电子传输层采用TiO2;
所述变色层电解液中的多价态过渡金属离子高分子凝胶采用Cu2+,Bi3+金属离子的高分子凝胶;
所述金属框架电极采用铜电极。
进一步地,所述电解液由1M LiBr、15mM CuCl2、0.5mM BiCl3、3wt%纤维素制备获得。
进一步地,采用机械按压并以高分子橡胶封装、机械按压以硅胶封装、或机械按压以固化胶封装的工艺对玻璃外缘进行加工密封以防止电解液泄露,优选的,采取丁基橡胶高分子密封工艺起到分离金属框架电极与ITO电极的作用。
本发明提供了上述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)制备透明光伏电池
在洁净的透明导电基底上依次制备电子传输层、光吸收层、空穴传输层以及透明电极获得透明光伏电池;
以具体材料为例,方法如下:
S1.基体的制备:优选ITO或FTO玻璃作为透明导电基底,超声清洗干净,经紫外臭氧处理后,沉积致密TiO2,后退火,得到沉积多孔TiO2电子层的透明导电玻璃;
S2.电子传输层的制备:将介孔TiO2浆料和乙醇以一定的比例混合后旋涂于致密TiO2表面,退火,得到涂有TiO2电子层的透明导电玻璃;
S3.光吸收层的制备:将氯化铅溶于DMSO中制备PbCl2溶液,均匀滴在预先沉积了TiO2电子传输层的透明导电玻璃表面,旋涂得到PbCl2层;
S4.空穴传输层制备:将透明导电玻璃置于MACl的异丙醇溶液中,反应结束后取出吹干退火。采取同样旋涂制作技术制备PTAA,与S3操作一致;
S5.在上述各层制备完毕后,透明电极制备:蒸镀MoO3,溅射ITO电极,得到可吸收紫外光发电的透明光伏电池。
2)制备电致变色玻璃
2.1)制备电解液
向含多价态过渡金属的金属盐溶液中加入增稠剂或凝胶剂,得到电解液;
2.2)在步骤1)制得的透明光伏电池的背面溅射氧化铟锡玻璃或掺杂氟氧化锡玻璃,后沉积Pt纳米颗粒进行表面改性,作为第一透明导电玻璃;
2.3)在第一透明导电玻璃上依次粘贴金属框架电极和第二透明导电玻璃形成腔体,并结合普通玻璃进行框架搭建,之后进行机械密封;该框架内设置有储能元件;
2.4)采用真空灌装法向腔体内灌装所述电解液,并进行密封;
以具体的材料为例:
S1.实施时,应预先进行电解液的制备。
依次加入1M LiBr、15mM CuCl2、5mM BiCl3配置成水溶液,加入物质总质量3%的羟乙基纤维素作为增稠剂制备金属离子凝胶。将溶液加热至60℃,保温并搅拌1小时,静置1小时备用;
S2.逐层溅射和封装。在透明光伏电池的背面,逐层溅射ITO/FTO,沉积Pt纳米颗粒进行表面改性,然后增加铜电极框架,此处铜电极采用中空矩形框,铜电极,ITO/FTO与普通玻璃进行玻璃框架的搭建;
S3.叠片式组装透明玻璃-太阳能电池,玻璃外缘采取丁基橡胶密封,防止电解液泄露,预留出一侧不完全密封以便S4的进行。丁基橡胶可以起到分离铜电极与ITO/FTO电极的作用;
S4.真空灌装电解质溶液,采用环氧树脂密封胶对孔洞进行密封。完成电致变色玻璃的制备和两元件的整合。
3)电路连接,得到基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,为提升美观,电路也均集成在框架内。在满足最基本的变色和褪色的基础上,根据产品实际需要将信号调压单元与控制电路的连接。
上述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃在建筑玻璃幕墙、户外广告、玻璃饰品、智能家居、集成器件、航空航天飞行器舷窗和仪表中的应用。
本发明的工作机理是:
电致变色玻璃通过可逆Cu、Bi金属沉积过程完成着色与褪色过程;透明光伏电池通过吸收并转化紫外线供能,多余能量储存在储能电池中,最后将电致变色玻璃和透明光伏电池通过控制电路集成,实现根据光强自主调节透过率以及手动控制透过率。
本发明的优点是:
1.本发明智能变色玻璃可电致变色、依靠透明光伏电池进行供能,依靠化学电池或电容器装置实现储能,依靠集成电路实现供电、储能、变色一体化。该玻璃具有自主调控的智能变色功能,高透明/着色可见光透过率状态比,吸收并转化紫外光实现自供能的特点,具有突出的环保性能和实用价值;通过自供电实现着色和褪色,智能调节环境光线;
2.本发明智能变色玻璃可以利用透明光伏电池吸收紫外光并转化为电能实现自供能,同时将电流强度转化为光强信号输入控制电路,在保障可见光正常透过同时,实现光伏发电的一体化集成,进行自供电,实节能环保。智
3.本发明根据电路设计,实现电致变色玻璃、透明光伏电池、储能元件的整合,实现吸收转化紫外线、透过可见光、有效储能与智能化亮度调节的功能集成。能根据外界光强自主调节透过率,也可以手动控制透过率。
4.本发明采用透明钙钛矿光伏电池转化率可达1.17%,实现1.5V稳定输出。电致变色玻璃工作电压0.6V,变色前可见光透过率为90%,变色后可降为10%。紫外光滤过率达到98%。
5.本发明智能变色玻璃的制备方法简单易行,且具有实践价值,可以广泛应用。
6.本发明智能变色玻璃作为器件,其电致变色性能可应用在智能窗口领域,如玻璃幕墙和窗口。
7.对比其他电致变色玻璃,该玻璃实现了自供能,自适应调节,实现了绿色环保要求。
8.对比其他电致变色玻璃,该玻璃实现了一体化集成,避免了外接电源的复杂线路,在安装中有突出的简便和美观特性。
9.本发明智能变色玻璃可在多种场景应用,如在建筑、玻璃饰品、智能家居、集成器件、航空航天飞行器舷窗等,可以调节应用环境的光照和内部温度,具有一体化集成、安装简易、美观节能的特点。
附图说明
图1为本发明的智能玻璃原理图。
图2为本发明的智能玻璃结构图。
图3为自供能智能变色玻璃结构线路图;
图2-图3的附图标号如下:
1-玻璃边框;2-透明电极;3-空穴传输层;4-光吸收层;5-电子传输层;6-透明导电玻璃;7-电解液;8-金属框架电极;9-储能电池;
图4为本发明的透明光伏电池结构图。
图5为本发明的电致变色玻璃结构图。
图6为透明光伏电池对自然光线的吸收性能。
图7为智能玻璃电路原理图。
图8为整合元器件样品图;(a)变色前呈透明状态;(b)变色后呈中性色不透光。
图9为智能玻璃透光率检测图。
图10为透明光伏电池样品图。
图11为透明光伏电池性能测试曲线。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明的内容作进一步的详细描述:
图1、2、3为本发明的一种透明光伏电池驱动电致变色玻璃智能玻璃,其包括(1)如图4,可透过可见光吸收并转化紫外线的透明钙钛矿光伏电池;(2)如图5、图6,可以通过电压变化实现电致变色的玻璃;(3)如图7将电致变色玻璃和透明和光伏电池整合的能量供给电路和信号系统。
如图1所展示的原理,透明光伏电池吸收太阳光中的紫外线,为电致变色玻璃提供电压,进行变色褪色的循环。最后通过控制电路和信号系统进行一体化整合。该自供电的电致变色玻璃,通过电致变色单元变色褪色适合各种应用场景。
透明光伏电池通过吸收并转化紫外线供给能量,透过可见光,其结构为透明电极材料-空穴传输层-光吸收层-电子传输层-透明导电基底,图4展示了该透明光伏电池的结构,其制备方法如下:
S1.基体的制备:选择ITO玻璃作为基底,超声清洗干净,经紫外臭氧处理后,沉积致密TiO2,后退火,得到沉积多孔TiO2电子层的透明导电玻璃;
S2.电子传输层的制备:将介孔TiO2浆料和乙醇以一定的比例混合后旋涂于致密TiO2表面,退火,得到涂有TiO2电子层的透明导电玻璃;
S3.光吸收层的制备,将氯化铅溶于DMSO中制备PbCl2溶液,均匀滴在预先沉积了TiO2电子传输层的透明导电玻璃表面,旋涂得到PbCl2层;
S4.空穴传输层制备,将透明导电玻璃置于MACl的异丙醇溶液中,反应结束后取出吹干退火。采取同样旋涂制作技术制备PTAA,与S3操作一致;
S5.在上述各层制备完毕后,透明电极制备:蒸镀MoO3,溅射ITO电极,得到可吸收紫外光发电的透明光伏电池。实物图展示在图10当中,其对自然光线的吸收性能如图6所示。
电致变色玻璃采取透明导电玻璃(玻璃表面镀有Pt修饰的ITO/FTO)-铜框架电极-透明导电玻璃结构组成,三者间形成腔体,腔体内填充电解液,结构展示在图5当中,选择Cu和Bi金属离子作为电解质。
电致变色元件制备以及两元件整合过程如下:
S1.实施时,应预先进行电解液的制备。依次加入1M LiBr、15mM CuCl2、5mM BiCl3配置成水溶液,加入物质总质量3%的羟乙基纤维素作为增稠剂制备金属离子凝胶。将溶液加热至60℃,保温并搅拌1小时,静置1小时备用;
S2.逐层溅射和封装。在透明光伏电池的背面,逐层溅射ITO/FTO,沉积Pt纳米颗粒进行表面改性,然后增加铜电极框架,此处铜电极采用中空矩形框,铜电极,ITO/FTO与普通玻璃进行玻璃框架的搭建;
S3.叠片式组装透明玻璃-太阳能电池,玻璃外缘采取丁基橡胶密封,防止电解液泄露,预留出一侧不完全密封以便S4的进行。丁基橡胶可以起到分离铜电极与ITO/FTO电极的作用;
S4.真空灌装电解质溶液,采用环氧树脂密封胶对孔洞进行密封。完成电致变色玻璃的制备和两元件的整合。实物图如图8所示,厚度15m,包括变色前和变色后。
最后进行电路连接。在满足最基本的变色电路和褪色电路的基础上,根据产品实际需要进行信号系统和供能系统的搭建。图9描述了一种可行的控制电路和信号系统。
如图11经测试,本发明的智能变色玻璃开路电压Voc=1.63V,短路电流密度Jsc=0.93mA/cm2,填充系数FF=0.68,光电转换效率PCE=1.01%。
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明公开的技术范围内,可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换,这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特征在于:包括框架、储能元件、储能电路、控制电路、透明光伏电池和电致变色玻璃;
所述框架用于对储能元件、储能电路、控制电路、透明光伏电池以及电致变色玻璃进行一体化封装;
所述透明光伏电池通过控制电路向电致变色玻璃提供电能,并通过储能电路将多余的电能储存在储能元件中,作为备用能量;
所述透明光伏电池包括逐层设置的透明电极、空穴传输层、光吸收层、电子传输层以及透明导电基底;所述光吸收层采用能够透过可见光、吸收并转化紫外线的宽带隙钙钛矿材料;
所述电致变色玻璃包括逐层设置的第一透明导电玻璃、金属框架电极以及第二透明导电玻璃;所述第一透明导电玻璃、金属框架电极以及第二透明导电玻璃之间形成腔体,所述腔体内填充有含多价态过渡金属离子高分子凝胶的电解液,形成电解质层;所述电解质层通过电化学氧化还原反应改变透过率实现电致变色。
2.根据权利要求1所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特征在于:
所述第一透明导电玻璃叠置在所述透明导电基底的背面。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特征在于:
还包括设置在控制电路上的信号调压单元;
所述信号调压单元包括信号接收器以及调压元件;
所述信号接收器接收控制信号,通过调压元件调节控制电路上的电压,为电致变色玻璃提供可变电压。
4.根据权利要求3所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特征在于:
所述透明电极采用氧化物/超薄金属/氧化物复合电极或者氧化物/透明导电氧化物双层电极;
所述空穴传输层采用2,2',7,7'-四[N,N-二(4-甲氧基苯基)氨基]-9,9'-螺二芴(Spiro-OMeTAD)、聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩/聚苯乙烯磺酸盐(PEDOT:PSS)、聚[双(4-苯基)(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)胺](PTAA)、硫氰化亚铜(CuSCN)、NiOx、碳纳米管(CNT)或碳纳米管(CNT)复合材料;
所述光吸收层采用部分掺杂Br或I元素的、A位离子为有机胺离子或铯离子的APbCl3型有机卤化钙钛矿材料;
所述电子传输层采用疏松金属氧化物、富勒烯衍生物或富勒烯衍生物复合材料;
所述透明导电基底为氧化铟锡玻璃或掺杂氟氧化锡玻璃。
5.根据权利要求4所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特征在于:
所述第一透明导电玻璃和第二透明导电玻璃采用利用高导电特性纳米材料进行表面修饰的氧化铟锡玻璃或掺杂氟氧化锡玻璃。
6.根据权利要求5所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特征在于:
所述光吸收层采用甲铵铅氯钙钛矿材料;
所述电子传输层采用多孔TiO2;
所述电解液中的多价态过渡金属离子高分子凝胶采用Cu2+、Bi3+金属离子的高分子凝胶;
所述金属框架电极采用铜电极。
7.根据权利要求6所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特征在于:
所述电解液由1M LiBr、15mM CuCl2、0.5mM BiCl3、3wt%纤维素制备获得。
8.根据权利要求7所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃,其特征在于:
采用机械按压以高分子橡胶封装、机械按压以硅胶封装、或机械按压以固化胶封装的方式对自供能智能变色玻璃外缘进行加工密封。
9.权利要求1-8任一所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)制备透明光伏电池
在洁净的透明导电基底上依次制备电子传输层、光吸收层、空穴传输层以及透明电极获得透明光伏电池;
2)制备电致变色玻璃
2.1)制备电解液
向含多价态过渡金属的金属盐溶液中加入增稠剂或凝胶剂,得到电解液;
2.2)在步骤1)制得的透明光伏电池的背面溅射氧化铟锡玻璃或掺杂氟氧化锡玻璃,后沉积Pt纳米颗粒进行表面改性,作为第一透明导电玻璃;
2.3)在第一透明导电玻璃上依次粘贴金属框架电极和第二透明导电玻璃形成腔体,并结合普通玻璃进行框架搭建,之后进行机械密封;该框架内设置有储能元件;
2.4)采用真空灌装法向腔体内灌装所述电解液,并进行密封;
3)电路连接,得到基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃。
10.权利要求1-8任一所述基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃在建筑玻璃幕墙、户外广告、玻璃饰品、智能家居、集成器件、航空航天飞行器舷窗和仪表中的应用。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110905581.3A CN113668996A (zh) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | 一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110905581.3A CN113668996A (zh) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | 一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN113668996A true CN113668996A (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
Family
ID=78541737
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110905581.3A Pending CN113668996A (zh) | 2021-08-05 | 2021-08-05 | 一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN113668996A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115268160A (zh) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-01 | 安徽华菱汽车有限公司 | 一种汽车及变色玻璃 |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101365850A (zh) * | 2005-05-06 | 2009-02-11 | 大卫·H·斯塔克 | 绝缘玻璃窗单元及方法 |
CN103059831A (zh) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-04-24 | 仝泽彬 | 电致变色材料及电致变色器件 |
CN104836519A (zh) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-08-12 | 东南大学 | 基于钙钛矿太阳能电池供电的一体化智能玻璃窗及其制造方法 |
CN107203052A (zh) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-26 | 柯剑 | 电沉积显示组件及其制备方法 |
CN209086625U (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 五邑大学 | 一种电致变色器件 |
CN111025812A (zh) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-17 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | 一种基于金属电沉积的电致变发射率器件及制备方法 |
CN112838165A (zh) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-25 | 西北工业大学深圳研究院 | 一种钙钛矿透明光伏玻璃及制备方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-08-05 CN CN202110905581.3A patent/CN113668996A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101365850A (zh) * | 2005-05-06 | 2009-02-11 | 大卫·H·斯塔克 | 绝缘玻璃窗单元及方法 |
CN103059831A (zh) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-04-24 | 仝泽彬 | 电致变色材料及电致变色器件 |
CN104836519A (zh) * | 2015-03-24 | 2015-08-12 | 东南大学 | 基于钙钛矿太阳能电池供电的一体化智能玻璃窗及其制造方法 |
CN107203052A (zh) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-09-26 | 柯剑 | 电沉积显示组件及其制备方法 |
CN209086625U (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 五邑大学 | 一种电致变色器件 |
CN111025812A (zh) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-17 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | 一种基于金属电沉积的电致变发射率器件及制备方法 |
CN112838165A (zh) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-05-25 | 西北工业大学深圳研究院 | 一种钙钛矿透明光伏玻璃及制备方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
田禾: "功能性色素在高新技术中的应用", 31 July 2000, 化学工业出版社 , pages: 88 - 89 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115268160A (zh) * | 2022-08-08 | 2022-11-01 | 安徽华菱汽车有限公司 | 一种汽车及变色玻璃 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Roy et al. | Color comfort evaluation of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) glazing after 2 years of ambient exposure | |
Skandalos et al. | PV glazing technologies | |
CN102183863B (zh) | 光电致变色器件及其制备方法 | |
CN106371259A (zh) | 一种全固态电致变色智能玻璃及其自驱动能源系统 | |
CN104134750B (zh) | 半透明光转化器件 | |
DE212013000019U1 (de) | Photoelektrochrome Vorrichtung | |
Liu et al. | A solar-powered multifunctional and multimode electrochromic smart window based on WO3/Prussian blue complementary structure | |
CN112838165A (zh) | 一种钙钛矿透明光伏玻璃及制备方法 | |
Pugliese et al. | Highly efficient all-solid-state WO3-perovskite photovoltachromic cells for single-glass smart windows | |
CN103762085A (zh) | 集成染料敏化太阳能电池自驱动电致变色器件的制备方法 | |
JP6049613B2 (ja) | 複合ガラス板 | |
Li et al. | Vacuum‐Deposited Transparent Organic Photovoltaics for Efficiently Harvesting Selective Ultraviolet and Near‐Infrared Solar Energy | |
KR101172361B1 (ko) | 염료감응 태양전지용 광전극의 제조방법 | |
CN113485053A (zh) | 储能型可调热辐射的电致-热致变色器件及其制备方法 | |
CN113668996A (zh) | 一种基于透明光伏电池的自供能智能变色玻璃及其制备方法 | |
CN109143716A (zh) | 可见-近红外光电致变色复合材料、其制备方法及应用 | |
Bazargan et al. | Natural pomegranate juice as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) | |
CN101509306B (zh) | 基于染料敏化太阳能电池的光电一体化建筑材料 | |
CN109786560B (zh) | 基于光活性层与光学调控层协同效应的半透明有机太阳能电池及其应用 | |
CN202949381U (zh) | 一种用于光伏太阳能建筑一体化的光伏电池装置 | |
CN103956429B (zh) | 智能太阳能电池 | |
CN105239046A (zh) | 能调节光照度的玻璃温室及其制作方法 | |
CN105137691A (zh) | 基于电致变色器件的阳光房及其制作方法 | |
KR102501928B1 (ko) | 유기 태양 전지 및 변색 소자 기술이 통합된 에너지 변환 및 저장 시스템을 가지는 일체형 광소자 | |
CN110600271B (zh) | 一种染料敏化太阳能电池组件及其制备方法和应用 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |