CN113667974B - Preparation method of wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on surface of titanium alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on surface of titanium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 31
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 30
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
- B22F2009/041—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling by mechanical alloying, e.g. blending, milling
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy, belonging to the technical field of surface engineering and comprising the following steps: (1) preparing prealloying powder for later use; (2) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and then blackening the surface of the substrate; (3) and (3) conveying the prealloy powder prepared in the step (1) to the surface of the base material to be clad, which is treated in the step (2), through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding to prepare the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy. The composite modified coating prepared by the invention has obvious grain refinement, achieves the purpose of fine grain reinforcement, and ensures that the coating has high hardness and high toughness, thereby greatly improving the wear resistance of the titanium alloy and further prolonging the service life of the titanium alloy under complex working conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy, belonging to the technical field of surface engineering.
Background
The titanium alloy has the characteristics of high specific strength, high yield ratio, good corrosion resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the engineering fields of aerospace, petrochemical industry and the like. However, the titanium alloy has inherent disadvantages of high friction coefficient, poor wear resistance, low high-temperature oxidation resistance and the like, so that the service life of the parts in service can be seriously influenced, and the wider application of the titanium alloy in the aerospace industry is also limited. Researches show that the surface modification technology such as laser cladding is an effective means for improving the surface performance of the titanium alloy.
The laser cladding technology is a novel technology for strengthening and remanufacturing various parts by using high-energy laser and metal powder materials, and the modified coating obtained after treatment obviously improves the properties of surface hardness, wear resistance and the like of the parts, prolongs the service life of the parts and achieves the purposes of increasing yield and reducing consumption. The laser surface modification of titanium alloy is to prepare modified coating with excellent wear resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance and heat fatigue resistance and capable of forming firm metallurgical bonding with the matrix directly on the alloy surface by adopting high energy laser beam on the basis of ensuring the original performance of the base material, thereby improving the service performance of parts.
At present, a metal-ceramic composite coating is prepared on the surface of an alloy by adopting a laser surface cladding material system, so that the better mechanical property of the alloy can be organically combined with the excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high-temperature oxidation resistance and chemical stability of a ceramic material, and the bottleneck of the use of the performance of the titanium alloy at present is solved. In recent years, research on laser cladding of wear-resistant coatings on titanium alloy surfaces has been widely carried out, but many problems to be solved still exist, such as the balance between hardness and toughness of the coatings, the problem that cracks are easily generated due to too high hardness of the coatings, and the like. In addition, because the laser processing is different from the traditional processing such as casting and the like and is open-type processing, at the moment of laser irradiation, the metal-ceramic elements added into the powder material are melted and decomposed, even very complicated physical and chemical changes such as evaporation or ablation occur, so that the material waste is caused, and simultaneously, the original purpose of design is deviated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing prealloying powder for later use;
(2) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and then blackening the surface of the substrate;
(3) conveying the prealloying powder prepared in the step (1) to the surface of the base material to be clad processed in the step (2) through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding to prepare the wear-resistant metal-multi-ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy;
the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 3.5-4.0 KW, the rectangular light spot is 2 multiplied by 14 mm, the lap joint rate is 10-30%, the scanning speed is 550-700 mm/min, the protective gas is argon, the powder feeding speed is 1.5-4.5 g/s, and the powder feeding flow is 8L/min.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the specific steps of the step (1) comprise:
s1, mixing HfC powder, TaC powder, ZrC powder and NbC powder with the granularity of 100-270 meshes in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1;
s2, putting the mixed powder of S1 into a high-energy ball mill, and performing ball milling to obtain well-ground ceramic phase powder;
and S3, taking spherical titanium alloy powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes, and putting the titanium alloy powder and ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding the titanium alloy powder and the ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding the powder S2 into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain ground pre-alloy powder.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the grinding balls adopted in the ball milling of S2 and S3 are corundum balls with the diameters of 1mm and 3mm, the number ratio of the two grinding balls is 1:4, the ball material volume ratio is 3:1, and the ball milling time is 6-12 hours.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: and the mass percentage of the ceramic phase powder in the prealloyed powder obtained from the S3 is 5-15%.
The technical scheme of the invention is further improved as follows: the thickness of the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy obtained in the step (3) is 0.6-1.2 mm.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
the Rockwell hardness of the composite modified coating prepared by the invention is improved by about 150 percent compared with the surface of a base material which is not subjected to laser cladding, and is improved by about 28 percent compared with the TC4 coating which is not added with a multi-element ceramic phase, and meanwhile, the microstructure observation shows that the grain refinement is obvious, the aim of fine grain strengthening is achieved, the coating is ensured to have high hardness and high toughness, so that the wear resistance of the titanium alloy can be greatly improved, and the service life of the titanium alloy under the complex working condition is further prolonged.
The composite modified coating obtained under the preparation conditions of the invention has high hardness and good toughness, does not have the problem of generating cracks, and has poor toughness and easy generation of cracks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a microstructure of a coating of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a microstructure view of a coating layer of comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microstructure view of a coating layer of comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is the EDS composition of the coating of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is the EDS composition of a comparative example 1 coating of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a comparison graph of microhardness of example 2 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing changes in microhardness of the coating of comparative example 2.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.
A preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) the preparation of the prealloyed powder specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing HfC powder, TaC powder, ZrC powder and NbC powder with the granularity of 100-270 meshes in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1;
s2, putting the mixed powder of S1 into a high-energy ball mill, and performing ball milling to obtain well-ground ceramic phase powder;
s3, taking spherical titanium alloy powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes, putting the titanium alloy powder and ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding S2 into a ball mill together for ball milling to obtain ground pre-alloy powder, wherein the mass percentage of the ceramic phase powder in the pre-alloy powder is 5% -15%.
The grinding balls adopted in the ball milling of S2 and S3 are corundum balls with the diameters of 1mm and 3mm, the number ratio of the two grinding balls is 1:4, the volume ratio of the balls to the materials is about 3:1, and the ball milling time is 6-12 hours.
(2) Cleaning the surface of the base material to be clad by using industrial alcohol to remove impurities such as oil stains and the like, and then blackening the surface of the base material.
(3) Conveying the prealloying powder prepared in the step (1) to the surface of the base material to be clad processed in the step (2) through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding to prepare a titanium alloy surface wear-resistant metal-multi-ceramic composite modified coating with the thickness of 0.6-1.2 mm;
the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 3.5-4.0 KW, the rectangular light spot is 2 multiplied by 14 mm, the lap joint rate is 10-30%, the scanning speed is 550-700 mm/min, the protective gas is argon, the powder feeding speed is 1.5-4.5 g/s, and the powder feeding flow is 8L/min.
Example 1
A preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a prealloyed powder comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing HfC powder, TaC powder, ZrC powder and NbC powder with the grain sizes of 100-270 meshes in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1;
s2, putting the mixed powder into a high-energy ball mill for ball milling, wherein the ball milling adopts mixed corundum balls with the diameters of 1mm and 3mm and the number ratio of 1:4, the volume ratio of ball materials is about 3:1, and the ball milling time is 12 hours, so that the well-milled ceramic phase powder is obtained;
and S3, taking spherical TC4 powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes, putting the TC4 powder and ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding S2 into a ball mill together for ball milling, wherein the ceramic phase powder accounts for 5% of the total mass of the powder, carrying out ball milling, and obtaining the ground pre-alloy powder, wherein the size, the proportion and the ball-to-material ratio of grinding balls are the same as those of S2 during ball milling, and the ball milling time is 6 hours.
(2) Cleaning the surface of a TC4 plate base material to be clad by using industrial alcohol to remove impurities such as oil stains, and then carrying out blackening treatment on the surface of the base material.
(3) Conveying the prepared pre-alloy powder to the surface of a base material to be clad through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser power is as follows: 3.8 KW, rectangular facula is: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 30%, the scanning speed is: 550mm/min, protective gas: argon, powder feeding speed: 4.5g/s, the flow of the powder conveying gas is as follows: and 8L/min to obtain a cladding layer (the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy), wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.2 mm.
Carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting no crack defect; and then, grinding the cladding layer, wherein the single-side grinding amount is 0.3mm, so that the strengthened titanium alloy base plate with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements is obtained, and the surface of the cladding layer is smooth and has the average hardness of 60 HRC.
Example 2
A preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a prealloyed powder comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing HfC powder, TaC powder, ZrC powder and NbC powder with the granularity of 100-270 meshes in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1;
s2, putting the mixed powder into a high-energy ball mill for ball milling, wherein the ball milling adopts mixed corundum balls with the diameters of 1mm and 3mm and the number ratio of 1:4, the volume ratio of ball materials is about 3:1, and the ball milling time is 10 hours, so that the well-milled ceramic phase powder is obtained;
and S3, taking spherical TC4 powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes, putting the TC4 powder and ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding S2 into a ball mill together for ball milling, wherein the ceramic phase powder accounts for 10% of the total mass percent, carrying out ball milling, and obtaining the ground pre-alloy powder, wherein the size, the proportion and the ball-to-material ratio of grinding balls are the same as those of S2 during ball milling, and the ball milling time is 6 hours.
(2) Cleaning the surface of a TC4 plate base material to be clad by using industrial alcohol to remove impurities such as oil stains, and then carrying out blackening treatment on the surface of the base material.
(3) Conveying the prepared pre-alloy powder to the surface of a base material to be clad through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser power is as follows: 4.0KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 20%, the scanning speed is: 700mm/min, protective gas: argon, powder feeding speed: 2.5g/s, the flow rate of the powder conveying gas is as follows: and 8L/min to obtain a cladding layer (the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy), wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.8 mm.
Carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting no crack defect; and grinding the cladding layer, wherein the single-side removal amount is 0.3mm, the strengthened titanium alloy base plate with the required size, tolerance and surface smoothness is obtained, and the surface of the cladding layer is smooth, and the average hardness is 64 HRC.
Example 3
A preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a prealloyed powder comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing HfC powder, TaC powder, ZrC powder and NbC powder with the granularity of 100-270 meshes in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1;
s2, putting the mixed powder into a high-energy ball mill for ball milling, wherein the ball milling adopts mixed corundum balls with the diameter of 1mm and 3mm and the quantity ratio of 1:4, the volume ratio of ball materials is about 3:1, and the ball milling time is about 10 hours, so that the well-milled ceramic phase powder is obtained;
and S3, taking spherical TC4 powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes, putting TC4 powder and multi-element ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding S2 into a ball mill together for ball milling, wherein the ceramic phase powder accounts for 15% of the total mass percent, carrying out ball milling, and obtaining the ground pre-alloy powder, wherein the size, the proportion and the ball-to-material ratio of grinding balls are the same as those of S2 during ball milling, and the ball milling time is 6 hours.
(2) Cleaning the surface of a TC4 plate base material to be clad by using industrial alcohol to remove impurities such as oil stains, and then carrying out blackening treatment on the surface of the base material.
(3) Conveying the prepared pre-alloy powder to the surface of a base material to be clad through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser power is as follows: 4.0KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 10%, the scanning speed is: 700mm/min, protective gas: argon, powder feeding speed: 1.5g/s, the flow of the powder conveying gas is as follows: 8L/min to obtain a cladding layer (the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy), wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.6 mm.
Carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting no crack defect; polishing the cladding layer, wherein the single-side removal amount is 0.2mm, the strengthened titanium alloy base plate with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements is obtained, the surface of the cladding layer is smooth, and the average hardness is about 62 HRC.
Example 4
A preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a prealloyed powder comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing HfC powder, TaC powder, ZrC powder and NbC powder with the granularity of 100-270 meshes in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1;
s2, putting the mixed powder into a high-energy ball mill for ball milling, wherein the grinding balls are mixed corundum balls with the diameters of 1mm and 3mm and the number ratio of 1:4, and the volume ratio of the ball materials is about 3:1, ball milling for about 6 hours to obtain ground ceramic phase powder;
and S3, taking spherical TC4 powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes, putting the TC4 powder and ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding S2 into a ball mill together for ball milling, wherein the ceramic phase powder accounts for 10% of the total mass percent, carrying out ball milling, and obtaining the ground pre-alloy powder, wherein the size, the proportion and the ball-to-material ratio of grinding balls are the same as those of S2 during ball milling, and the ball milling time is 12 hours.
(2) Cleaning the surface of a TC4 plate base material to be clad by using industrial alcohol to remove impurities such as oil stains and the like, and then blackening the surface of the base material.
(3) Conveying the prepared pre-alloy powder to the surface of a base material to be clad through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser power is as follows: 3.5KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 30%, the scanning speed is: 550mm/min, protective gas: argon, powder feeding speed: 4.5g/s, the flow rate of the powder conveying gas is as follows: and 8L/min to obtain a cladding layer (the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy), wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.2 mm.
Performing surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting no crack defect; and (3) grinding the cladding layer, wherein the single-side removal amount is 0.3mm, the reinforced titanium alloy base plate with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements is obtained, and the surface of the cladding layer is smooth and has the average hardness of 63.5 HRC.
Comparative example 1
A preparation method of a wear-resistant metal coating on the surface of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) taking spherical TC4 powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes for later use.
(2) Cleaning the surface of a TC4 plate base material to be clad by using industrial alcohol to remove impurities such as oil stains and the like, and then blackening the surface of the base material.
(3) Conveying the prepared pre-alloy powder to the surface of a base material to be clad through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser power is as follows: 4.0KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 20%, the scanning speed is: 700mm/min, protective gas: argon, powder feeding speed: 2.5g/s, the flow rate of the powder conveying gas is as follows: and 8L/min to obtain a cladding layer (the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy), wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 0.8 mm.
Carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting no crack defect; and grinding the cladding layer, wherein the single-side removal amount is 0.3mm, the strengthened titanium alloy base plate with the required size, tolerance and surface smoothness is obtained, and the surface of the cladding layer is smooth, and the average hardness is 50 HRC.
Comparative example 2
A preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a prealloyed powder comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing HfC powder, TaC powder and ZrC powder with the granularity of 100-270 meshes in a mass ratio of 1:1: 1;
s2, putting the mixed powder into a high-energy ball mill for ball milling, wherein the ball milling adopts mixed corundum balls with the diameters of 1mm and 3mm and the number ratio of 1:4, the volume ratio of ball materials is about 3:1, and the ball milling time is 10 hours, so that the well-milled ceramic phase powder is obtained;
and S3, taking spherical TC4 powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes, putting the TC4 powder and ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding S2 into a ball mill together for ball milling, wherein the ceramic phase powder accounts for 10% of the total mass percent, carrying out ball milling, and obtaining the ground pre-alloy powder, wherein the size, the proportion and the ball-to-material ratio of grinding balls are the same as those of S2 during ball milling, and the ball milling time is 6 hours.
(2) Cleaning the surface of a TC4 plate base material to be clad by using industrial alcohol to remove impurities such as oil stains and the like, and then carrying out blackening treatment on the surface of the base material;
(3) conveying the prepared pre-alloy powder to the surface of a base material to be clad through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding, wherein the laser power is as follows: 4.0KW, rectangular facula: 2X 14 mm, the lap joint ratio is: 20%, the scanning speed is: 700mm/min, protective gas: argon, powder feeding speed: 2.5g/s, the flow rate of the powder conveying gas is as follows: 8L/min to obtain a cladding layer (the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy), wherein the thickness of the cladding layer is 1.8 mm;
carrying out surface dye inspection on the cladding layer, and detecting no crack defect; and (3) grinding the cladding layer, wherein the single-side removal amount is 0.3mm, the reinforced titanium alloy base plate with the size, tolerance and surface smoothness meeting the requirements is obtained, and the surface of the cladding layer is smooth and has the average hardness of 56 HRC.
The method comprises the steps of corroding a cut sample by using corrosive liquid (3% hydrofluoric acid, 6% nitric acid and 91% distilled water) for 25-30 s to prepare a metallographic sample, observing a coating microstructure by using a scanning electron microscope (Hitachi-3400), and detecting the microstructure of the coatings of the embodiment 2, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, wherein as shown in figures 1-3, the tissue granularity of the coating of the embodiment 2 is obviously fine, so that the fine grain effect of the multielement ceramic relative to the coating structure is obvious.
The microhardness of the coatings of example 2, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 was measured using a microhardness indentation tester from the top of the coating, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the microhardness of the coating of example 2 was significantly higher than that of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 (a for example 2, B for comparative example 1 and T3 for comparative example 2).
The coating composition ratios of example 2 and comparative example 1 were measured by an EDS spectrometer, and as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the presence of high melting point alloying elements such as Hf, Ta, Nb and Zr added to the coating of example 2 was almost free from any burning loss in consideration of instrumental measurement errors in view of the addition ratio.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of a wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of a titanium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing prealloying powder for later use;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, mixing HfC powder, TaC powder, ZrC powder and NbC powder with the granularity of 100-270 meshes in a mass ratio of 1:1:1: 1;
s2, putting the mixed powder of S1 into a high-energy ball mill, and performing ball milling to obtain well-ground ceramic phase powder;
s3, taking spherical titanium alloy powder with the granularity of 400-500 meshes, and putting the titanium alloy powder and ceramic phase powder obtained by grinding S2 into a ball mill for ball milling to obtain ground pre-alloy powder;
(2) cleaning the surface of the substrate to be clad by using industrial alcohol, and then blackening the surface of the substrate;
(3) conveying the prealloying powder prepared in the step (1) to the surface of the base material to be clad processed in the step (2) through coaxial powder feeding, and carrying out laser cladding to prepare the wear-resistant metal-multi-ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy;
the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: the laser power is 3.5-4.0 KW, the rectangular light spot is 2 multiplied by 14 mm, the lap joint rate is 10-30%, the scanning speed is 550-700 mm/min, the protective gas is argon, the powder feeding speed is 1.5-4.5 g/s, and the powder feeding flow is 8L/min.
2. The preparation method of the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the grinding balls adopted in the ball milling of S2 and S3 are corundum balls with the diameters of 1mm and 3mm, the number ratio of the two grinding balls is 1:4, and the volume ratio of ball materials is 3:1, the ball milling time is 6-12 hours.
3. The preparation method of the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: and the mass percentage of the ceramic phase powder in the prealloyed powder obtained from the S3 is 5-15%.
4. The preparation method of the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the thickness of the wear-resistant metal-multi-element ceramic composite modified coating on the surface of the titanium alloy obtained in the step (3) is 0.6-1.2 mm.
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