CN113652682A - Surface treatment method of metal plate - Google Patents

Surface treatment method of metal plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113652682A
CN113652682A CN202110961328.XA CN202110961328A CN113652682A CN 113652682 A CN113652682 A CN 113652682A CN 202110961328 A CN202110961328 A CN 202110961328A CN 113652682 A CN113652682 A CN 113652682A
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China
Prior art keywords
powder
metal plate
surface treatment
treatment method
metal
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CN202110961328.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李韶林
宋克兴
国秀花
王旭
冯江
周延军
刘海涛
皇涛
程楚
张彦敏
张朝民
张学宾
段俊彪
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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Henan University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202110961328.XA priority Critical patent/CN113652682A/en
Publication of CN113652682A publication Critical patent/CN113652682A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/08—Compacting only by explosive forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a surface treatment method of a metal plate, belonging to the technical field of metal material surface treatment. The surface treatment method of the metal plate comprises the following steps: laying the surface reinforcing material powder on a metal plate or flatly laying a plurality of sheet materials on the metal plate, then covering a cover plate, placing explosives on the cover plate, and removing the cover plate after the explosives are detonated; the flaky material is a flaky pressed body and/or a sintered body of surface reinforcing material powder. The surface treatment method of the metal plate is not limited by equipment, so that the size of the metal plate can be infinite, and the components and the dosage of the surface reinforcing material powder and the flaky material can be adjusted at will.

Description

Surface treatment method of metal plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to a surface treatment method of a metal plate, belonging to the technical field of metal material surface treatment.
Background
The current-carrying friction pair is widely applied to the fields of rail transit bow net systems, electromagnetic rail gun armature/guide rail systems, microelectronic and electric appliance control systems, aerospace conductive rotary joint systems, high-voltage switch moving/static contacts and the like. The current-carrying friction pair is usually in the conditions of multiple fields, multiple environments, multiple atmospheres and the like, and has the service characteristic that good friction contact and electric contact must be kept simultaneously under the harsh conditions of high temperature, high pressure, strong current and the like. With increasingly harsh service environments, damage mechanisms and failure behaviors are increasingly complex, and higher requirements are put forward on the improvement of service quality and service life of materials.
High-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys (Cu-Cr, Cu-Cr-Zr and the like) are common materials for current-carrying friction pairs, but have insufficient performances such as electric corrosion resistance, wear resistance and the like, and are gradually difficult to meet increasingly severe service requirements. The ideal current-carrying friction material has good electric conduction and heat conduction performance in the material, and the surface of the material greatly improves the electric erosion resistance and the abrasion resistance on the basis of sacrificing part of the conduction performance.
The surface treatment of the material is a process method for artificially forming a surface layer with mechanical, physical and chemical properties different from those of a substrate on the surface of the substrate material. The purpose of the surface treatment is to meet the requirements of corrosion resistance, wear resistance, decoration or other special functions of the product. Common surface treatment methods for metal materials include mechanical polishing, surface heat treatment, surface spraying, chemical/physical vapor deposition, electroplating, electroless plating, and the like. Most of the surface treatment modes of the processes are molecular-scale layer-by-layer deposition, so that the thickness of the prepared surface coating is limited, and the prepared coating is usually not large in area due to the limitation of equipment, a field and the like. With the complication and rigor of the service environment of the metal material, the above surface treatment method is gradually difficult to meet the use requirements of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surface treatment method of a metal plate, which aims to solve the problems of limited coating thickness and area of the metal plate prepared by the existing surface treatment method of the metal material.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a surface treatment method of a metal plate, comprising the steps of: laying the surface reinforcing material powder on a metal plate or flatly laying a plurality of sheet materials on the metal plate, then covering a cover plate, placing explosives on the cover plate, and removing the cover plate after the explosives are detonated; the flaky material is a flaky pressed body and/or a sintered body of surface reinforcing material powder.
The surface treatment method of the metal plate is not limited by equipment, so that the size of the metal plate can be infinite, and the components and the dosage of the surface reinforcing material powder and the flaky material can be adjusted at will.
Preferably, the metal plate is a pure copper plate or a copper alloy plate.
Preferably, the copper alloy sheet is mainly composed of Cu and one or two or more elements selected from Cr, Zr, Ni, Zn, Mg, Sn, W, and Mo.
Preferably, the surface reinforcing material powder is selected from one or any combination of metal powder, ceramic powder and conductive carbon material powder. Preferably, the ceramic powder is Al2O3、MgO、TiO2、TiB2、B4C. Any one or combination of SiC, WC and AlN. Further preferably, the surface reinforcing material powder contains metal powder and/or ceramic powder. For example, the surface reinforcing material powder is Cu powder and TiB2Mixed powder of the powders. Further, Cu powder and TiB2The mass ratio of the powder is preferably 90-95: 5-10. For another example, the surface reinforcing material powder is a mixed powder of Cu powder and Mo powder. The mass ratio of the Cu powder to the Mo powder is 75-85: 15-25. For the surface reinforcing material powder containing gold-containing powder and/or ceramic powder, the energy generated by detonation can play a sintering role, and the sintering time is short; the energy generated by explosive detonation acts on the surface enhanced powder body in the form of shock waves, so that the surface enhanced powder is compacted into a compact body under transient high temperature and high pressure, the acting pressure is large, and coarsening of material crystal grains caused by high temperature heating can be avoided.
Preferably, the metal powder is selected from any one or combination of W powder, Cr powder, Cu-W alloy powder, Cu-Cr alloy powder and Cu-W-Cr alloy powder. Wherein, the W element has excellent anti-corrosion performance, the Cu-W alloy is one of the copper alloys with the best anti-corrosion performance, and the Cu-W alloy is compounded on the surface of the high-strength high-conductivity copper alloy to obtain the copper alloy material with good current-carrying friction performance. More preferably, the metal powder contains Cu element. More preferably, the mass fraction of W in the Cu-W alloy powder is 40 to 60%.
Preferably, the conductive carbon material powder is selected from one or any combination of carbon fiber, carbon nanotube and graphene.
Preferably, the particle size D50 of the surface reinforcing material powder is 1-500 μm, and may be, for example, 50 μm, 100 μm, 150 μm, 200 μm, 250 μm, 300 μm, 350 μm, 400 μm, or 450 μm. More preferably, the particle size D50 of the surface reinforcing material powder is 10-200 μm.
Preferably, the surface reinforcing material powder is laid on the metal plate to a thickness of 0.1 to 30mm, for example, 0.5mm, 1mm, 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, 20mm or 25 mm.
Preferably, the sheet-like compact of the surface reinforcing material powder is a sheet-like material obtained by compacting the surface reinforcing material powder. The sheet-like sintered body of the surface reinforcing material powder is obtained by pressing and sintering the surface reinforcing material powder.
Further preferably, the surface reinforcing material powder is selected from metal powder and/or ceramic powder; when a plurality of flaky materials are tiled on the metal plate, a gap is reserved between any two adjacent flaky materials, and before the cover plate is covered, graphite is filled in the reserved gap. The filled graphite has self-lubricating effect and can effectively reduce the surface friction.
More preferably, the surface reinforcing material powder contains metal powder, and the metal powder is selected from any one or combination of W powder, Cr powder, Cu-W alloy powder, Cu-Cr alloy powder and Cu-W-Cr alloy powder; when a plurality of flaky materials are tiled on the metal plate, a gap is reserved between any two adjacent flaky materials, and copper powder is filled in the reserved gap before the cover plate is covered. The copper conductive performance and the deformation performance are superior to those of metal powder, and the copper powder filling can increase the surface heat conduction and coordinate the deformation.
The cover plate is a metal cover plate. The invention has no special requirements on the element composition of the metal cover plate, and the metal cover plate is only a common metal plate, for example, the cover plate can be a common steel plate or an aluminum-magnesium-titanium steel plate or a copper plate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the powder after being laid on a metal plate in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cover plate of example 1 after covering;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view after laying a rectangular sheet-like compact on a metal plate in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of embodiment 2 after the cover plate is covered;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of example 3 after filling with graphite;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of example 3 after detonation of the explosive;
the material comprises 1-metal plate, 2-surface reinforcing material powder layer, 3-cover plate, 4-rectangular sheet pressed body, 5-rectangular sheet sintered body and 6-graphite.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1
The surface treatment method of the metal plate of the embodiment includes the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing Cu powder and W powder to obtain surface reinforcing material powder, uniformly paving the surface reinforcing material powder on the upper surface (shown in figure 1) of a Cu-Cr alloy metal plate 1 according to the paving thickness of 1000 mu m to form a surface reinforcing material powder layer 2, and then placing a cover plate 3 above the powder (shown in figure 2); the granularity D50 of the adopted Cu powder is 100 mu m, the granularity D50 of the W powder is 200 mu m, and the mass ratio of the Cu powder to the W powder is 1: 1; the cover plate is a red copper plate;
2) then laying explosive RDX on the surface of the cover plate and detonating; the cover plate enables the powder to be compacted and sintered into a compact body under the action of the explosive impact force under the transient high-temperature high-pressure;
3) and removing the cover plate by adopting a gantry mill to expose the mixed powder sintered body.
Example 2
The surface treatment method of the metal plate of the embodiment includes the following steps:
1) pressing Cu — W alloy powder (W mass fraction is 40%) having a particle size D50 of 200 μm into a rectangular sheet-like compact 4 having a thickness of 500 μm, then uniformly laying a plurality of rectangular sheet-like compacts 4 on a metal plate 1 at regular intervals (as shown in fig. 3), and then covering the rectangular sheet-like compact 4 with a cover plate 3 (as shown in fig. 4); the adopted metal plate 1 is a Cu-Cr copper alloy plate; the cover plate is a red copper plate;
2) laying explosive TNT on the surface of a cover plate and detonating; the cover plate enables the powder to be further compacted and sintered into a compact body under the action of the explosive impact force under the transient high-temperature high-pressure;
3) and removing the cover plate by adopting a gantry mill to expose the mixed powder sintered body.
Example 3
The surface treatment method of the metal plate of the embodiment includes the following steps:
1) mixing Cu powder and TiB2The powder is uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 95:5 and then is sintered into a rectangular flaky sintered body with the thickness of 1000 mu m by hot pressing5, uniformly paving a plurality of rectangular sheet-shaped sintered bodies 5 on the Cu-Cr alloy metal plate 1 at certain intervals (as shown in FIG. 5), filling graphite 6 in gaps between any two adjacent rectangular sheet-shaped sintered bodies 5 to fill the gaps, and covering the rectangular sheet-shaped sintered bodies 5 with a cover plate 3 (as shown in FIG. 6); the Cu powder used had a particle size D50 of 200. mu.m, TiB2The particle size D50 of the powder was 50 μm; the cover plate is a red copper plate;
2) laying explosive TNT on the surface of a cover plate and detonating;
3) and removing the cover plate by adopting a gantry mill to expose the mixed powder sintered body.
Example 4
The surface treatment method of the metal plate of the present example is different from the surface treatment method of example 1 only in that: the surface reinforcing material powder of example 1 was replaced with a mixed powder of Cu powder and Mo powder, and the mass ratio of the Cu powder to the Mo powder was 20: 80.
Example 5
The surface treatment method of the metal plate of the present example is different from the surface treatment method of example 2 only in that: the mass fraction of W in the Cu — W alloy powder used in this example was 60%.
Example 6
The surface treatment method of the metal plate of the present example is different from the surface treatment method of example 3 only in that: cu powder and TiB in this example2The mass ratio of the powder is 90: 10.
Example 7
The surface treatment method of the metal plate of the embodiment includes the following steps:
1) uniformly mixing Cu powder and high-thermal-conductivity chopped carbon fibers to obtain surface reinforcing material powder, uniformly paving the surface reinforcing material powder on the upper surface (shown in figure 1) of a red copper plate 1 according to the paving thickness of 1000 microns to form a surface reinforcing material powder layer 2, and then placing a cover plate 3 above the powder (shown in figure 2); the granularity D50 of the adopted Cu powder is 100 mu m, the length of the high-thermal-conductivity chopped carbon fiber is about 3mm, and the mass ratio of the Cu powder to the high-thermal-conductivity chopped carbon fiber is 90: 11; the cover plate is a red copper plate;
2) then laying explosive RDX on the surface of the cover plate and detonating; the cover plate enables the powder to be compacted and sintered into a compact body under the action of the explosive impact force under the transient high-temperature high-pressure;
3) and removing the cover plate by adopting a gantry mill to expose the mixed powder sintered body.

Claims (10)

1. A surface treatment method of a metal plate, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: laying the surface reinforcing material powder on a metal plate or flatly laying a plurality of sheet materials on the metal plate, then covering a cover plate, placing explosives on the cover plate, and removing the cover plate after the explosives are detonated; the flaky material is a flaky pressed body and/or a sintered body of surface reinforcing material powder.
2. The surface treatment method of a metal plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: the metal plate is a pure copper plate or a copper alloy plate.
3. The surface treatment method of a metal plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: the copper alloy plate mainly comprises one or more than two of Cr, Zr, Ni, Zn, Mg, Sn, W and Mo and Cu.
4. A surface treatment method of a metal plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the surface reinforcing material powder is selected from one or any combination of metal powder, ceramic powder and conductive carbon material powder.
5. The surface treatment method of a metal plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: the metal powder is selected from any one or combination of W powder, Cr powder, Cu-W alloy powder, Cu-Cr alloy powder and Cu-W-Cr alloy powder.
6. The surface treatment method of a metal plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: the conductive carbon powder is selected from one or any combination of carbon fiber, carbon nano tube and graphene.
7. A surface treatment method of a metal plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the granularity D50 of the surface reinforcing material powder is 1-500 μm.
8. A surface treatment method of a metal plate according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the surface reinforcing material powder contains metal powder and/or ceramic powder.
9. The surface treatment method of a metal plate according to claim 8, characterized in that: when a plurality of flaky materials are tiled on the metal plate, a gap is reserved between any two adjacent flaky materials, and before the cover plate is covered, graphite is filled in the reserved gap.
10. The surface treatment method of a metal plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: the surface reinforcing material powder contains metal powder; when a plurality of flaky materials are tiled on the metal plate, a gap is reserved between any two adjacent flaky materials, and copper powder is filled in the reserved gap before the cover plate is covered.
CN202110961328.XA 2021-08-20 2021-08-20 Surface treatment method of metal plate Withdrawn CN113652682A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023060899A1 (en) * 2022-05-26 2023-04-20 河南科技大学 Modular metal-based composite material and method for manufacturing same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2023060899A1 (en) * 2022-05-26 2023-04-20 河南科技大学 Modular metal-based composite material and method for manufacturing same

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Application publication date: 20211116