CN113652551A - Zinc-containing solid waste treatment method and system - Google Patents
Zinc-containing solid waste treatment method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113652551A CN113652551A CN202110877142.6A CN202110877142A CN113652551A CN 113652551 A CN113652551 A CN 113652551A CN 202110877142 A CN202110877142 A CN 202110877142A CN 113652551 A CN113652551 A CN 113652551A
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxy(oxo)iron Chemical compound [O][Fe]O AEIXRCIKZIZYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052598 goethite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- LWUVWAREOOAHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead silver Chemical compound [Ag].[Pb] LWUVWAREOOAHDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052935 jarosite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003500 flue dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 petrifaction Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0028—Smelting or converting
- C22B15/0052—Reduction smelting or converting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
- C22B15/0056—Scrap treating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B19/00—Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/10—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by solid carbonaceous reducing agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, in particular to a zinc-containing solid waste treatment method and a zinc-containing solid waste treatment system, wherein the treatment method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of pretreating zinc-containing solid waste, a flux and a reducing agent, roasting the pretreated zinc-containing solid waste to obtain roasted ore, carrying out reduction smelting treatment on the roasted ore in a reducing atmosphere to obtain slag, ferroalloy and zinc-containing flue gas, and treating the zinc-containing flue gas to obtain any one of zinc powder, zinc liquid or zinc oxide. The treatment method of the invention has short process, less related matching, less occupied area and investment cost, reduces the use of reducing agent and fuel, and reduces carbon emission and environmental pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metal smelting, in particular to a zinc-containing solid waste treatment method and system.
Background
At present, the zinc-containing solid waste produced in the nonferrous smelting industry and the steel industry can be cooperatively utilized in the industries of lead, copper and the like except for the part of the solid waste with high value. Most of ferrovanadium slag, goethite slag, sulfur slag, lead-silver slag and the like are treated in a stockpiling mode, but long-term stockpiling pollutes underground water sources.
In the related technology, wet treatment or fire treatment is mostly adopted for the zinc-containing solid waste, however, the wet treatment method has the defects of longer flow, higher reagent consumption, production influenced by impurity chlorine and low recovery rate. The problems of high energy consumption, high labor intensity, low operation rate, large smoke gas amount and the like exist in the pyrometallurgical treatment. The volatilization kiln method not only needs to consume broken coke and has high cost, but also can not be directly applied to other industries generally, and needs to be stockpiled or further recycled.
At present, the state accelerates the implementation of green transformation in industries such as steel, petrifaction, chemical industry, color, building materials, textile, papermaking, leather and the like. And (5) carrying out green design of products and building a green manufacturing system. And a resource comprehensive utilization base is built, and the comprehensive utilization of industrial solid wastes is promoted. The comprehensive whole process carries out green planning, green design, green investment, green construction, green production, green circulation, green life and green consumption, so that the development is established on the basis of high-efficiency resource utilization, strict ecological environment protection and effective control of greenhouse gas emission, high-quality development and high-level protection are promoted overall, a healthy green low-carbon circular development economic system is established, the goals of carbon peak reaching and carbon neutralization are ensured to be realized, and the new step of the green development of China is promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is based on the discovery and recognition by the inventors of the following facts and problems:
in the related technology, the zinc leaching slag is cooperatively treated at a high ratio by adopting an oxygen bottom blowing furnace, and the method does not need to increase additional equipment and basically can utilize a lead smelting system for cooperative treatment. The inventor of the application researches and discovers that the related technology has strict requirements on the components and the quantity of materials and can only treat solid wastes with high valuable metals.
In the related technology, a smelting method for treating zinc leaching residues by using an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace is provided. Crushed coal is used as a reducing agent, and is added into an oxygen-enriched side-blown furnace to be smelted and fuming after being proportioned with zinc leaching residue in a metering way, and finally, smoke dust and silver-containing crude lead or silver-containing copper matte are obtained. The inventor of the application finds that in the related technology, the fluctuation of the flue gas volume and the flue gas components is large, except the mixed matching treatment accident, an independent flue gas treatment system is complex, specific slag types are required for smelting, and the flux rate is high.
In the related technology, the method for co-processing the zinc-containing leaching residues by the dezincification furnace of the steel plant is provided, the zinc-containing leaching residues are co-processed by the rotary hearth furnace, the rotary kiln and other equipment for dust treatment of the steel plant, and the secondary pollution problems of the zinc-containing leaching residues or zinc-containing electroplating sludge and the like generated in the industries of color, chemical industry and the like are solved. However, because the difference between the components and the properties of the new leaching slag and the dust of the steel mill is large, the adding amount of the zinc-containing leaching slag accounts for only 0.5 to 2 percent of the mass of the dust of the steel mill in order not to influence the production requirements of the steel mill. The actual production process faces the difficulty of unstable production indexes.
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a zinc-containing solid waste treatment method, which is short in process, small in related matching, small in occupied area, low in investment cost, capable of reducing the use of reducing agents and fuels and reducing carbon emission and environmental pollution.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a zinc-containing solid waste treatment system.
The zinc-containing solid waste treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps: pretreating zinc-containing solid waste, a flux and a reducing agent; roasting the pretreated zinc-containing solid waste to obtain roasted ore; carrying out reduction smelting treatment on the roasted ore in a reducing atmosphere so as to obtain slag, ferroalloy and zinc-containing flue gas; and treating the zinc-containing flue gas to obtain any one of zinc powder, zinc liquid or zinc oxide.
According to the zinc-containing solid waste treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the method is short in process, small in related matching, small in occupied area and investment cost, the use of reducing agents and fuels is reduced, and carbon emission and environmental pollution are reduced.
In some embodiments, the pre-treatment comprises at least one of a mixing process, a shaping process comprising briquetting or pelletising, and a drying process comprising drying by equipment or natural air drying.
In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the reducing agent in the mixture formed by the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux and the reducing agent in the smelting stage is 5-25%.
In some embodiments, the baking temperature is 700-1200 ℃ and the baking time is 1-5 h.
In some embodiments, the reduction smelting is carried out at 1100-1500 ℃, and the time of the reduction smelting is 2-5 h.
In some embodiments, the reductant is at least one of coke breeze, petroleum coke, semi coke, and anthracite.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the zinc-containing solid waste to the flux in the reduction stage is 100 (0-10).
In some embodiments, the zinc-containing solid waste is any one or more of conventional zinc leaching residue, jarosite residue, lead-silver residue, goethite residue, or steel mill ash.
The zinc-containing solid waste treatment system comprises the following components: the pretreatment device is used for pretreating zinc-containing solid waste and is provided with a zinc-containing solid waste feeding hole and a zinc-containing solid waste discharging hole; the roasting device is provided with a feed inlet and a roasted ore outlet, the feed inlet is connected with the zinc-containing solid waste discharge port, and flue gas generated by roasting enters a desulfurization system for treatment; the smelting furnace is provided with a roasting ore inlet, a slag outlet, a metal outlet and a first flue gas outlet, and the roasting ore inlet is connected with the roasting ore outlet of the roasting device; the smoke treatment device is used for recovering metals in the smelting furnace smoke and is provided with a smoke inlet, a second smoke outlet and a discharge hole, and the smoke inlet is connected with the first smoke outlet.
According to the zinc-containing solid waste treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the investment of matched equipment is less, the equipment investment cost and the occupied area are reduced, and various types of zinc-containing solid waste can be treated
In some embodiments, the pre-treatment device is one or more of a mixer, a briquetting machine, a pelletiser, or a dryer.
In some embodiments, the roasting apparatus is one of a shaft kiln, a rotary roasting kiln, and a fluidized roasting furnace, and the smelting furnace is one of an induction furnace, an alternating current ore-heating furnace, and a direct current ore-heating furnace.
In some embodiments, the flue gas treatment device is a zinc dust condenser, a zinc rain condenser, a lead rain condenser, a waste heat boiler, or a flue burner.
In some embodiments, the zinc-containing solid waste treatment system further comprises a dust collecting device for recovering dust in the flue gas, wherein the dust collecting device is provided with a dust collecting inlet and a tail gas outlet, and the dust collecting inlet is connected with the second flue gas outlet.
In some embodiments, the zinc-containing solid waste is any one or more of conventional zinc leaching slag, jarosite slag, lead-silver slag, goethite slag, gypsum slag, blast furnace slag, or steel mill flue dust.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a zinc-containing solid waste treatment system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a zinc-containing solid waste treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a pretreatment device; 101. a zinc-containing solid waste feed inlet; 102. a zinc-containing solid waste discharge port;
2. a roasting device; 201. a feed inlet; 202. a roasted ore outlet;
3. a smelting furnace; 301. a roasted ore inlet; 302. a slag outlet; 303. a metal outlet; 304. a first flue gas outlet;
4. a flue gas treatment device; 401. a flue gas inlet; 402. a second flue gas outlet; 403. a discharge port;
5. a dust collecting device; 501. a dust collection inlet; 502. and a tail gas outlet.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the zinc-containing solid waste treatment system according to the embodiment of the invention comprises a pretreatment device 1, a roasting device 2, a smelting furnace 3 and a flue gas treatment device 4.
The pretreatment device 1 is used for pretreating zinc-containing solid waste and is provided with a zinc-containing solid waste feed inlet 101 and a zinc-containing solid waste discharge outlet 102.
When the zinc-containing solid waste is pretreated, at least one of the flux and the reducing agent may be pretreated in conjunction with the zinc-containing solid waste, and for example, the flux or the reducing agent may be added separately or together.
The roasting device 2 is provided with a feed inlet 201 and a roasted ore outlet 202, the feed inlet 201 is connected with a zinc-containing solid waste discharge port 102, and flue gas generated by roasting enters a desulfurization system for treatment.
The roasting temperature of the roasting device 2 can be 700-1200 ℃, and the roasting time is 1-5 h.
Specifically, the calcination temperature may be 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃, 1100 ℃ or 1200 ℃. The roasting time can be 1h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h or 5 h. It is understood that the temperature and time can be selected and adjusted according to the kind of the zinc-containing solid waste in the actual production process.
The smelting furnace 3 has a roasted ore inlet 301, a slag outlet 302, a metal outlet 303 and a first flue gas outlet 304, the roasted ore inlet 301 being connected to the roasted ore outlet 202.
The flue gas treatment device 4 is used for recovering metals in flue gas and has a flue gas inlet 401, a second flue gas outlet 402 and a discharge hole 403, wherein the flue gas inlet 401 is connected with the first flue gas outlet 304.
According to the zinc-containing solid waste treatment system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the roasting temperature of the roasting device 2 can be high or low, the adaptability to raw materials is strong, common zinc-containing solid waste is treated, zinc-containing solid waste with high melting point and high chlorine can also be treated, iron accumulation can be effectively avoided, part of iron is produced in the form of ferroalloy, and the added value is high; the reduction process of zinc metal is more thorough, has improved the rate of recovery of zinc metal, and supporting equipment drops into for a short time, reduces equipment input cost and area, still can reduce the heat that the flue gas was taken away, and the increasing heat efficiency passes through smelting furnace 3 and flue gas processing apparatus 4, can retrieve ferroalloy and zinc, still can handle multiple type zinciferous solid useless.
It should be noted that, the zinc-containing solid waste treatment system of the embodiment of the application does not need to be provided with a wastewater treatment device, a blower and an oxygen station, and the equipment investment cost is further reduced.
In some embodiments, the pretreatment device 1 is one or more of a mixer, a briquetting machine, a pelletiser, or a dryer.
It should be noted that, the pretreatment device 1 may only have a mixer, and the mixer is used for mixing and stirring the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux and the reducing agent; the pretreatment device 1 can also comprise a mixer, a briquetting machine and a dryer, the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux and the reducing agent are mixed to form a mixture, the briquetting machine is used for briquetting the mixture, and then the briquetted mixture is dried by the dryer; the pretreatment device 1 can also comprise a mixer, a granulator and a dryer, wherein the granulator is used for granulating and molding the mixture; the pretreatment device 1 may further include a mixer and a briquetting machine, or a mixer and a granulator, or a mixer and a dryer.
The zinc-containing solid waste can be mixed with the flux or the reducing agent more uniformly through the mixing machine, the roasting and reducing efficiency is improved, the mixture formed by the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux or the reducing agent is treated through the briquetting machine or the granulator, the utilization rate of the zinc-containing solid waste can be improved, and the mixture is treated through the dryer, so that the roasting and reducing efficiency can be improved.
In some embodiments, the roasting apparatus 2 is one of a shaft kiln, a rotary kiln, or a fluidized roasting furnace, and the smelting furnace 3 is one of an induction furnace, an alternating current ore-heating furnace, or a direct current ore-heating furnace. It will be appreciated that the smelting furnace 3 may also be of the fuming furnace variety.
In some embodiments, the flue gas treatment device 4 is a zinc dust condenser, a zinc rain condenser, a lead rain condenser, a waste heat boiler, or a flue burner. It is understood that the kind of the flue gas treatment device 4 is not limited thereto.
In some embodiments, the zinc-containing solid waste treatment system further comprises a dust collecting device 5 for recovering dust in the flue gas, wherein the dust collecting device 5 is provided with a dust collecting inlet 501 and a tail gas outlet 502, the dust collecting inlet 501 is connected with the second flue gas outlet 203, and the tail gas outlet 502 is used for discharging the waste gas to the outside.
In some embodiments, the zinc-containing solid waste treatment system may further include a flue gas waste heat recovery device (not shown), and the flue gas waste heat recovery device is connected with the dust collection device 5 for waste heat recovery, so that the utilization rate of heat is improved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
It should be noted that the flue gas waste heat recovery device can also be connected with a dryer or a roasting device 2 for drying or roasting the zinc-containing solid waste, so that the utilization rate of energy is further improved.
In some embodiments, the zinc-containing solid waste is any one or more of conventional zinc leaching slag, jarosite slag, lead-silver slag, goethite slag, gypsum slag, blast furnace slag, or steel mill flue dust.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for treating zinc-containing solid waste according to the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
pretreating zinc-containing solid waste, a flux and a reducing agent.
It should be noted that the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux and the reducing agent can be proportioned according to the type of the zinc-containing solid waste before pretreatment.
In this step, the reducing agent accounts for 5 to 25 mass% of the mixed material composed of the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux and the reducing agent, and for example, the mass% of the reducing agent may be 5%, 5.5%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 23%, 23.5% or 25%.
And roasting the pretreated zinc-containing solid waste to obtain roasted ore.
And carrying out reduction smelting treatment on the roasted ore in a reducing atmosphere so as to obtain slag, ferroalloy and zinc-containing flue gas.
And treating the zinc-containing flue gas to obtain any one of zinc powder, zinc liquid or zinc oxide.
According to the zinc-containing solid waste treatment method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the roasted ore is obtained with lower energy consumption by adopting a low-temperature roasting method, and the zinc-containing solid waste can be pre-reduced by low-temperature roasting, so that the energy consumption in a reduction smelting stage is reduced; the method can also reduce the use of reducing agents and fluxes, reduce carbon emission and environmental pollution, and the method for treating the zinc-containing solid waste has short flow and less supporting equipment, thereby reducing the production and input cost.
In some embodiments, the pre-treatment comprises at least one of a mixing process, a shaping process comprising briquetting or pelletising, and a drying process comprising drying by equipment or natural air drying.
It should be noted that the pretreatment step may include only the mixing treatment, or include the mixing treatment and the forming treatment, or include the mixing treatment and the drying treatment, or include the mixing treatment, the forming treatment, and the drying treatment. When the pretreatment step includes at least two treatment steps, the mixing treatment is performed first, then the molding treatment is performed, and finally the drying treatment is performed.
According to the zinc-containing solid waste treatment method, the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux and the reducing agent can be uniformly mixed through mixing treatment, the subsequent roasting and reduction efficiency is improved, the utilization rate of the zinc-containing solid waste is improved through forming treatment, and the roasting and reduction efficiency is further improved through drying treatment.
In some embodiments, the mass percentage of the reducing agent in the mixture formed by the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux and the reducing agent in the smelting stage is 5-25%.
Specifically, the mass percentage of the reducing agent may be 5%, 5.5%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 23%, 23.5%, or 25%. It is understood that the mass percentage of the reducing agent may be selected and adjusted according to the kind of the zinc-containing solid waste.
In some embodiments, the baking temperature is 700-1200 ℃ and the baking time is 1-5 h.
Specifically, the calcination temperature may be 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃, 950 ℃, 1000 ℃, 1100 ℃ or 1200 ℃. The roasting time can be 1h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h or 5 h. It is understood that the selection and adjustment of the roasting temperature and time can be made according to the kind of the zinc-containing solid waste in the actual production process.
In some embodiments, the reduction smelting is carried out at 1100-1500 ℃, and the time of the reduction smelting is 2-5 h.
Specifically, the temperature of reduction smelting can be 1100 ℃, 1150 ℃, 1200 ℃, 1300 ℃, 1400 ℃ or 1500 ℃, and the time of reduction smelting is 2h, 2.5h, 3h or 4 h. It is understood that the selection and adjustment of the reduction smelting temperature and time can be made according to the kind of the zinc-containing solid waste.
In some embodiments, the reductant is at least one of coke powder, petroleum coke, semi coke, and anthracite.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the zinc-containing solid waste to the flux in the reduction stage is 100 (0-10).
It should be noted that the mass ratio of the zinc-containing solid waste to the flux may be 100:0, and at this mass ratio, the content of the flux is 0, that is, the zinc-containing solid waste can be treated without adding the flux in a reducing atmosphere.
The mass part of the flux may also be 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 4.5, 5, 8, 9 or 10. It is understood that the mass part of the flux may be selected and adjusted according to the kind of the zinc-containing solid waste.
In the reducing atmosphere, Fe and SiO in the zinc-containing solid waste are2The mass ratio of CaO to SiO is 0.5-1.52The mass ratio of (A) to (B) is 0.5 to 1.
For example, Fe and SiO in the zinc-containing solid wastes2The mass ratio of the CaO to the SiO in the zinc-containing solid waste can be 0.5, 0.8, 1 or 1.52The mass ratio of (a) may be 0.5, 0.6, 0.8 or 1.
In some embodiments, the zinc-containing solid waste is any one or more of conventional zinc leaching slag, jarosite slag, lead-silver slag, goethite slag, gypsum slag, blast furnace slag, or steel plant flue dust.
The zinc-containing solid waste treatment method according to some embodiments of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 2.
Example 1:
the zinc-containing solid waste is goethite slag, 10% of anthracite powder is added into the goethite slag, and the mixture is granulated and formed through a cylindrical granulator after being mixed by a mixer.
And (2) putting granulated goethite slag into a vertical kiln, roasting at 900 ℃ to obtain roasted ore, putting the roasted ore into a smelting furnace 3, adding 9% of quartz and 9% of crushed coal into the smelting furnace 3, carrying out reduction smelting to obtain slag, ferroalloy and zinc-containing flue gas, and putting the zinc-containing flue gas into a flue gas treatment device 4 for zinc recovery.
Example 2:
the zinc-containing solid waste is made from steel plant ash, 6% of anthracite powder is added into the steel plant ash, and the mixture is pressed and formed by a briquetting machine after being mixed by a mixer.
And (2) putting the pressed steel mill soot into a rotary kiln, roasting at 900 ℃ to obtain roasted ore, putting the roasted ore into a smelting furnace 3, adding 2% of quartz and 15% of crushed coal into the smelting furnace 3, carrying out reduction smelting to obtain furnace slag, ferroalloy and zinc-containing flue gas, and putting the zinc-containing flue gas into a flue gas treatment device 4 to recover zinc.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" and the like mean that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. The zinc-containing solid waste treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pretreating zinc-containing solid waste, a flux and a reducing agent;
roasting the pretreated zinc-containing solid waste to obtain roasted ore;
carrying out reduction smelting treatment on the roasted ore in a reducing atmosphere so as to obtain slag, ferroalloy and zinc-containing flue gas;
and carrying out rapid condensation or oxidation treatment on the zinc-containing flue gas so as to obtain any one of zinc powder, zinc liquid or zinc oxide.
2. The zinc-containing solid waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment comprises at least one of a mixing treatment, a forming treatment and a drying treatment,
the forming treatment comprises briquetting or granulating, and the drying treatment comprises drying through equipment or natural air drying.
3. The method for treating the zinc-containing solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the mass percentage of the reducing agent in the mixture formed by the zinc-containing solid waste, the flux and the reducing agent in the smelting stage is 5-25%.
4. The method for treating the zinc-containing solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the roasting temperature is 700-1200 ℃ and the roasting time is 1-5 hours.
5. The zinc-containing solid waste treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the reduction smelting is performed at 1100-1500 ℃, and the time for the reduction smelting is 2-5 hours.
6. The zinc-containing solid waste treatment method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the reducing agent is at least one of coke powder, petroleum coke, semi coke, coke and anthracite.
7. The method for treating the zinc-containing solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mass ratio of the zinc-containing solid waste to the flux in the reduction stage is 100 (0-10).
8. The method for treating zinc-containing solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the zinc-containing solid waste is any one or more of conventional zinc leaching slag, jarosite slag, lead-silver slag, goethite slag, or steel mill fly ash.
9. A zinc-containing solid waste treatment system is characterized by comprising:
the pretreatment device is used for pretreating zinc-containing solid waste and is provided with a zinc-containing solid waste feeding hole and a zinc-containing solid waste discharging hole;
the roasting device is provided with a feed inlet and a roasted ore outlet, the feed inlet is connected with the zinc-containing solid waste discharge port, and flue gas generated by roasting enters a desulfurization system for treatment;
the smelting furnace is provided with a roasting ore inlet, a slag outlet, a metal outlet and a first flue gas outlet, and the roasting ore inlet is connected with the roasting ore outlet of the roasting device;
the smoke treatment device is used for recovering metals in the smelting furnace smoke and is provided with a smoke inlet and a discharge hole, and the smoke inlet is connected with the first smoke outlet.
10. The zinc-containing solid waste treatment system according to claim 9, wherein the pretreatment device is one or more of a mixer, a briquetting machine, a granulator or a dryer.
11. The zinc-containing solid waste treatment system according to claim 9, wherein the roasting device is one of a vertical kiln, a rotary roasting kiln and a fluidized roasting furnace, and the smelting furnace is one of an induction furnace, an alternating current ore-smelting electric furnace and a direct current ore-smelting electric furnace.
12. The zinc-containing solid waste treatment system of claim 9, wherein the flue gas treatment device is a zinc powder condenser, a zinc rain condenser, a lead rain condenser, a waste heat boiler or a flue burner.
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Application publication date: 20211116 |