CN113652221A - Fracturing fluid for enhancing treatment efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in low-permeability soil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Fracturing fluid for enhancing treatment efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in low-permeability soil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113652221A CN113652221A CN202110970716.4A CN202110970716A CN113652221A CN 113652221 A CN113652221 A CN 113652221A CN 202110970716 A CN202110970716 A CN 202110970716A CN 113652221 A CN113652221 A CN 113652221A
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- fracturing fluid
- polycyclic aromatic
- aromatic hydrocarbon
- soil
- persulfate
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 transition metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001938 Vegetable gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane;decahydrate Chemical group O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrite Chemical compound [Fe+2].[S-][S-] NIFIFKQPDTWWGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052683 pyrite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011028 pyrite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SXTLQDJHRPXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dinitrate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O SXTLQDJHRPXDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O ISPYRSDWRDQNSW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002421 anti-septic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000275012 Sesbania cannabina Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005067 remediation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000219782 Sesbania Species 0.000 description 21
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000012028 Fenton's reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 8
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benz[a]pyrene Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 FMMWHPNWAFZXNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005527 soil sampling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940083575 sodium dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/62—Compositions for forming crevices or fractures
- C09K8/66—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/68—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/685—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds containing cross-linking agents
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/602—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation containing surfactants
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- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/80—Compositions for reinforcing fractures, e.g. compositions of proppants used to keep the fractures open
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- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
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- C09K8/60—Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation
- C09K8/84—Compositions based on water or polar solvents
- C09K8/86—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds
- C09K8/88—Compositions based on water or polar solvents containing organic compounds macromolecular compounds
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fracturing fluid for enhancing the treatment efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in low-permeability soil and a preparation method thereof. The fracturing fluid can perform hydraulic fracturing on low-permeability soil polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and perform in-situ chemical oxidation treatment on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon at the same time, and can improve the removal rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in the low-permeability soil. The waste slag and steel slag in industrial production are selected as the propping agents, so that the environment is friendly, the cost is saved, and the utilization rate of waste resources is improved. The fracturing fluid also has the characteristics of small damage to soil, difficult generation of secondary pollution, simple preparation process, easy popularization and application and the like. The product can be widely applied to the field of in-situ remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutant soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil hydraulic fracturing, in particular to a fracturing fluid, which is applicable to soil in a low-permeability environment and polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
Background
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) refer to Hydrocarbons containing 2 or more benzene rings and various compounds derived from the Hydrocarbons, and are persistent organic pollutants having a 'three-dimensional' effect. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is easy to be adsorbed on organic solid substances, is difficult to be degraded due to low bioavailability, can exist in the environment for a long time, and is one of the environmental priority pollutants listed in China. As a group widely found in soil, surface water and sewage, the main sources are nature and human activities. With the increasing serious pollution of PAHs to soil, serious threat is also generated to the health life of human beings, so that the soil polluted by PAHs needs to be effectively repaired urgently, and the work of treating and repairing the soil polluted by PAHs is imperative.
Once the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants enter the hypotonic soil such as sub-clay and clay, the streaming phenomenon is easy to occur when the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants are treated by the traditional extraction-treatment technology, the in-situ chemical oxidation technology, the soil steam leaching technology and other technologies, the mass transfer of the repairing agent is greatly hindered, the repairing agent is difficult to effectively reach a polluted area, the pollutants in the hypotonic area are difficult to effectively treat, and the pollutants in the hypotonic area can be used as a new pollution source to pollute the underground water. Therefore, a method is needed to improve the mass transfer problem of the repairing agent in the low-permeability area and improve the repairing effect of organic pollutant pollution in the low-permeability area. By means of the hydraulic fracturing method, a hypertonic channel can be artificially created in a hypotonic medium, so that the problems that pollutants in a repaired hypotonic medium are not easy to contact with a repairing agent and the mass transfer of the repairing agent is difficult are solved. At present, the hydraulic fracturing technology is widely applied in the field of oil exploitation, and the application in soil is paid attention in recent years. The hydraulic fracturing fluid is used as an important component of a hydraulic fracturing technology, and the treatment effect of the hydraulic fracturing technology/in-situ chemical oxidation technology on the polluted soil is enhanced by perfecting the formula of the hydraulic fracturing fluid, so that the research on the aspect is few.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fracturing fluid for enhancing the treatment efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in low-permeability soil aiming at the defects of the conventional hydraulic fracturing fluid for soil, and the invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the formula of the fracturing fluid. The fracturing fluid can meet the fracturing requirement of polluted soil, can improve the treatment efficiency of pollutants, and provides assistance for subsequent in-situ chemical oxidation leaching.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a fracturing fluid for enhancing the treatment efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in low-permeability soil, which comprises the following components:
in some preferred embodiments: the fracturing fluid comprises the following components:
the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the mass ratio of the persulfate oxidant to the transition metal salt to the surfactant is 3.5-4.5: 0.5-1.5: 0.5 to 1.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the persulfate oxidant is one of ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate; the transition metal salt is at least one of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, copper nitrate trihydrate and manganese sulfate monohydrate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the surfactant is at least one of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the proppant is prepared by sequentially mixing 0.5-1.5 mass ratio: 0.5-1.5: 0.5-1.5 of steel slag, magnetite waste residue and pyrite waste residue.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the pH regulator is one or two of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the antiseptic is one or two of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the vegetable gum thickening agent is sesbania gum, the cross-linking agent is sodium tetraborate decahydrate, and the gel breaker is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 1-5 of one or two of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite.
The preparation method of the fracturing fluid comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the gum base fluid
Mixing the vegetable gum thickening agent with water, and stirring at the speed of 1000-1400 r/min for 20-30 min to ensure that no large agglomerates exist in the liquid cement of the thickening agent; stirring for 30min at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, standing and cooling for 20min after stirring to obtain completely and uniformly dissolved thickening agent glue solution;
adding a cross-linking agent, a gel breaker and a preservative into the thickening agent glue solution, and stirring at the speed of 1000-1400 r/min for 20-30 min to obtain a glue base solution;
(2) preparation of modified persulfate solutions
Mixing a persulfate oxidant, a transition metal salt, a surfactant, a pH regulator and water, and continuously stirring at the speed of 800-1000 r/min for 20-30 min to prepare a modified persulfate solution;
(3) preparation of fracturing fluids
And (3) uniformly mixing the rubber base fluid prepared in the step (1) and the modified persulfate solution prepared in the step (2), adding a propping agent, and stirring at the speed of 1000-1400 r/min for 20-30 min to prepare the target product fracturing fluid. Has the advantages that:
the formula of the fracturing fluid prepared by the invention has the following advantages:
(1) according to the invention, by screening the formula of the fracturing fluid, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-polluted low-permeability soil can be subjected to hydraulic fracturing and in-situ chemical oxidation treatment on the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and the in-situ chemical oxidation treatment has a synergistic remediation effect with subsequent chemical agent leaching, so that the removal rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants in the low-permeability soil is greatly improved.
(2) The proppant selected by the fracturing fluid formula provided by the invention is mostly waste slag and steel slag in industrial production, and the industrial waste is directly utilized, so that the environment is protected, the cost is saved, and the utilization rate of waste resources is improved. Meanwhile, the steel slag and various slag contain a large amount of ferrous ions, and the persulfate oxidant can be activated to improve the degradation rate of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
(3) The fracturing fluid provided by the invention has good gel breaking performance, the viscosity of the gel breaking liquid is not more than 5mPa & s, the damage of the broken fracturing fluid to soil is small, and secondary pollution is not easy to generate.
(4) The fracturing fluid provided by the invention is simple in preparation process and easy to popularize and apply.
Therefore, the fracturing fluid prepared by the invention can be used for in-situ treatment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants and improving the removal rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, is environment-friendly in components, directly utilizes industrial wastes, saves the preparation cost of the fracturing fluid while protecting the environment, is simple in preparation process, low in cost and high in cost performance, and has strong application and popularization values.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of apparent viscosity values of the fracturing fluids prepared in example 1 as a function of time.
Fig. 2 is a graph of the removal rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminants versus time for the fracturing fluid prepared in example 1.
FIG. 3 is a graph of apparent viscosity values of the fracturing fluid prepared in example 2 as a function of time.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the removal rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminants versus time for the fracturing fluid prepared in example 2.
Figure 5 is a graph of apparent viscosity values of the fracturing fluid prepared in example 3 as a function of time.
Fig. 6 is a graph of the removal rate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminants by the fracturing fluid prepared in example 3 as a function of time.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, without limiting the scope of the invention:
sesbania gum thickener, manufacturer: shanghai-sourced leaf Biotechnology, Inc.; purity: the Biochemical Reagent (BR) is not less than 99 percent of high purity.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of sesbania gum base liquid
Weighing 10.000g of sesbania gum thickener, placing the sesbania gum thickener in a beaker filled with 800mL of clear water, and stirring for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer, so that no large agglomerates exist in the gum solution of the thickener. And (3) putting the stirred thickening agent glue solution into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating at the constant temperature of 30 ℃, stirring at the constant temperature for 30min, standing and cooling for 20min after stirring is finished, and thus obtaining the thickening agent glue solution which is completely and uniformly dissolved.
4.000g of sodium tetraborate decahydrate, 1.200g of ammonium persulfate, 2.400g of sodium bisulfite and 1.600g of sodium hydroxide are added into the thickening agent glue solution, and stirred for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer, thus obtaining the sesbania gum base solution.
(2) Preparation of modified persulfate solutions
20.000g of sodium persulfate, 5.000g of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, 2.500g of sodium lauryl sulfate, 1.600g of sodium carbonate and 1.600g of potassium carbonate were weighed in a beaker containing 200mL of clear water, and stirred continuously for 30 minutes at a speed of 1000r/min using a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, to prepare a modified persulfate solution.
(3) Preparation of fracturing fluids
And (3) uniformly mixing the sesbania gum base solution prepared in the step (1) and the modified persulfate solution prepared in the step (2), adding 100g of steel slag, 100g of magnetite waste residue and 100g of pyrite waste residue, and stirring for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer to prepare the fracturing fluid for enhancing the treatment efficiency of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the low-permeability soil.
(4) Fracturing fluid performance study
The different viscosities of the fracturing fluids over time were measured using a rotational viscometer model ZNN-D6, and the apparent viscosities were used to characterize the fracturing fluid viscosity and were 1/2 readings of 600 revolutions. The optimum viscosity range of the common vegetable gum fracturing fluid in engineering is 100-140 mPa.s, and the viscosity of the fracturing fluid after ten-hour gel breaking is not more than 5 mPa.s. The apparent viscosity of the fracturing fluid prepared by the fracturing fluid formula is 140mPa & s through viscosity measurement, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid after ten-hour gel breaking is 5mPa & s, and experiments prove that the fracturing fluid formula meets the requirements of practical engineering application and has excellent performance.
Soil sampling is carried out in a site polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, the contamination toxicity of anthracene, pyrene and benzopyrene in the soil sample is respectively 28.1mmol/kg, 40.9mmol/kg and 0.45mmol/kg, and the total amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 69.45 mmol/kg. And (3) putting the soil sample into a soil column for fracturing to be compacted, injecting the fracturing fluid into the soil sample from a fracturing hole in a fracturing pipe in the center of the soil column through a screw pump, leaching by combining with a Fenton reagent, and finally measuring that the removal rates of 24h, 48h and 72h of the total amount of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon are respectively 95.19%, 97.07% and 98.62%.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of sesbania gum base liquid
6.000g of sesbania gum thickener is weighed and placed in a beaker filled with 800mL of clear water, and stirred for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer, so that no large agglomerates exist in the gum solution of the thickener. And (3) putting the stirred thickening agent glue solution into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating at the constant temperature of 30 ℃, stirring at the constant temperature for 30min, standing and cooling for 20min after stirring is finished, and thus obtaining the thickening agent glue solution which is completely and uniformly dissolved.
And adding 2.000g of sodium tetraborate decahydrate, 0.500g of ammonium persulfate, 1.000g of sodium bisulfite and 0.700g of hydrogen peroxide into the thickening agent glue solution, and stirring for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer to obtain the sesbania gum base solution.
(2) Preparation of modified persulfate solutions
8.000g of sodium persulfate, 2.000g of copper nitrate trihydrate, 1.500g of sodium dodecylsulfate and 0.800g of sodium carbonate were weighed in a beaker containing 200mL of clear water, and stirred continuously for 30 minutes at a speed of 1000r/min using a constant temperature magnetic stirrer, to prepare a modified persulfate solution.
(3) Preparation of fracturing fluids
And (3) uniformly mixing the sesbania gum base solution prepared in the step (1) and the modified persulfate solution prepared in the step (2), adding 100g of steel slag, 100g of magnetite waste residue and 100g of pyrite waste residue, and stirring for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer to prepare the fracturing fluid for enhancing the treatment efficiency of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the low-permeability soil.
(4) Fracturing fluid performance study
The different viscosities of the fracturing fluids over time were measured using a rotational viscometer model ZNN-D6, and the apparent viscosities were used to characterize the fracturing fluid viscosity and were 1/2 readings of 600 revolutions. The optimum viscosity range of the common vegetable gum fracturing fluid in engineering is 100-140 mPa.s, and the viscosity of the fracturing fluid after ten-hour gel breaking is not more than 5 mPa.s. The apparent viscosity of the fracturing fluid prepared by the fracturing fluid formula is 115mPa & s through viscosity measurement, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid after ten-hour gel breaking is 4.5mPa & s, and experiments prove that the fracturing fluid formula meets the requirements of practical engineering application and has excellent performance.
Soil sampling is carried out in a site polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, the contamination toxicity of anthracene, pyrene and benzopyrene in the soil sample is respectively 28.1mmol/kg, 40.9mmol/kg and 0.45mmol/kg, and the total amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 69.45 mmol/kg. And (3) putting the soil sample into a soil column for fracturing to be compacted, injecting the fracturing fluid into the soil sample from a fracturing hole in a fracturing pipe in the center of the soil column through a screw pump, leaching by combining with a Fenton reagent, and finally measuring the removal rates of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in 24h, 48h and 72h to be 90.84%, 93.22% and 95.54% respectively.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of sesbania gum base liquid
Weighing 8.000g of sesbania gum thickener, placing the sesbania gum thickener in a beaker filled with 800mL of clear water, and stirring for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer, so that no large agglomerates exist in the gum solution of the thickener. And (3) putting the stirred thickening agent glue solution into a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, heating at the constant temperature of 30 ℃, stirring at the constant temperature for 30min, standing and cooling for 20min after stirring is finished, and thus obtaining the thickening agent glue solution which is completely and uniformly dissolved.
And adding 3.000g of sodium tetraborate decahydrate, 0.800g of ammonium persulfate, 1.600g of sodium bisulfite and 1.000g of sodium hydroxide into the thickening agent glue solution, and stirring for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer to obtain the sesbania gum base solution.
(2) Preparation of modified persulfate solutions
15.000g of sodium persulfate, 4.000g of manganese sulfate monohydrate, 2.000g of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and 2.200g of potassium carbonate were weighed in a beaker containing 200mL of clear water, and stirred continuously for 30min at a speed of 1000r/min using a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer, to prepare a modified persulfate solution.
(3) Preparation of fracturing fluids
And (3) uniformly mixing the sesbania gum base solution prepared in the step (1) and the modified persulfate solution prepared in the step (2), adding 100g of steel slag, 100g of magnetite waste residue and 100g of pyrite waste residue, and stirring for 30min at the speed of 1400r/min by using a high-speed stirrer to prepare the fracturing fluid for enhancing the treatment efficiency of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the low-permeability soil.
(4) Fracturing fluid performance study
The different viscosities of the fracturing fluids over time were measured using a rotational viscometer model ZNN-D6, and the apparent viscosities were used to characterize the fracturing fluid viscosity and were 1/2 readings of 600 revolutions. The optimum viscosity range of the common vegetable gum fracturing fluid in engineering is 100-140 mPa.s, and the viscosity of the fracturing fluid after ten-hour gel breaking is not more than 5 mPa.s. The apparent viscosity of the fracturing fluid prepared by the fracturing fluid formula is 120mPa & s through viscosity measurement, the viscosity of the fracturing fluid after ten-hour gel breaking is 4mPa & s, and experiments prove that the fracturing fluid formula meets the requirements of practical engineering application and has excellent performance.
Soil sampling is carried out in a site polluted by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, the contamination toxicity of anthracene, pyrene and benzopyrene in the soil sample is respectively 28.1mmol/kg, 40.9mmol/kg and 0.45mmol/kg, and the total amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is 69.45 mmol/kg. And (3) putting the soil sample into a soil column for fracturing to be compacted, injecting the fracturing fluid into the soil sample from a fracturing hole in a fracturing pipe in the center of the soil column through a screw pump, leaching by combining with a Fenton reagent, and finally measuring the removal rates of 24h, 48h and 72h of the total amount of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon to be 92.76%, 94.03% and 96.27% respectively.
Comparative example 1
(1) Preparation of sesbania gum base liquid
Same as example 1
(2) Preparation of fracturing fluids
The procedure is as in example 1 except that the persulfate oxidizer is not added.
(3) Contrast effect
Compared with the example 1, the apparent viscosity and gel breaking performance of the fracturing fluid obtained by viscosity measurement are not greatly different from those of the example 1 under the condition of not adding the persulfate oxidizer. However, after the Fenton reagent with the same mass as that of the example 1 is combined for leaching, the removal rates of 24h, 48h and 72h of the total amount of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon can only reach 61.27%, 64.93% and 67.24% at most, and the removal rate of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is obviously reduced through comparison. The fracturing fluid formula provided by the invention can effectively enhance the treatment efficiency of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the low-permeability soil.
Comparative example 2
(1) Preparation of sesbania gum base liquid
Same as example 1
(2) Preparation of fracturing fluids
The procedure of example 1 was repeated, except that the persulfate oxidizer and the transition metal salt were not added.
(3) Contrast effect
Compared with the example 1, the apparent viscosity and gel breaking performance of the fracturing fluid obtained by viscosity measurement are not greatly different from those of the example 1 under the condition of not adding the persulfate oxidizer and the transition metal salt. However, after the Fenton reagent with the same mass as that of the example 1 is combined for leaching, the removal rates of the total amount of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon within 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours can only reach 50.54%, 52.23% and 55.44% at most, and the removal rate of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is obviously reduced through comparison. The fracturing fluid formula provided by the invention can effectively enhance the treatment efficiency of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the low-permeability soil.
Comparative example 3
(1) Preparation of sesbania gum base liquid
Same as example 1
(2) Preparation of fracturing fluids
The procedure of example 1 was repeated, except that the persulfate oxidizer, the transition metal salt and the surfactant were not added.
(3) Contrast effect
Compared with the example 1, the apparent viscosity and gel breaking performance of the fracturing fluid obtained by viscosity measurement are not greatly different from those of the example 1 under the condition of not adding the persulfate oxidizer, the transition metal salt and the surfactant. However, after the Fenton reagent with the same mass as that in example 1 is combined for leaching, the removal rates of 24h, 48h and 72h of the total amount of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon can only reach 45.47%, 48.12% and 49.78% at most, and the removal rate of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is obviously reduced through comparison. The fracturing fluid formula provided by the invention can effectively enhance the treatment efficiency of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the low-permeability soil.
Comparative example 4
(1) Preparation of sesbania gum base liquid
Same as example 2
(2) Preparation of fracturing fluids
The procedure is as in example 2 except that no transition metal salt is added.
(3) Contrast effect
Compared with the example 2, the apparent viscosity and gel breaking performance of the fracturing fluid obtained by viscosity measurement are not much different from those of the example 2 under the condition of not adding the transition metal salt. However, after the Fenton reagent with the same mass as that in example 2 is combined for leaching, the removal rates of 24h, 48h and 72h of the total amount of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon can only reach 69.49%, 72.07% and 74.59% to the maximum, and the removal rate of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is obviously reduced by comparison. The fracturing fluid formula provided by the invention can effectively enhance the treatment efficiency of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the low-permeability soil.
Comparative example 5
(1) Preparation of sesbania gum base liquid
Same as example 3
(2) Preparation of fracturing fluids
The procedure was as in example 3 except that no surfactant was added.
(3) Contrast effect
Compared with the example 3, the apparent viscosity and gel breaking performance of the fracturing fluid obtained by viscosity measurement are not much different from those of the example 3 under the condition of not adding the surfactant. However, after the Fenton reagent with the same mass as that in example 3 is combined for leaching, the removal rates of 24h, 48h and 72h of the total amount of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon can only reach 81.54%, 83.85% and 85.67% at most, and the removal rate of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is obviously reduced through comparison.
The fracturing fluid formula provided by the invention can effectively enhance the treatment efficiency of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the low-permeability soil.
Claims (10)
1. A fracturing fluid for enhancing the treatment efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in low-permeability soil is characterized in that: the fracturing fluid comprises the following components:
2. the fracturing fluid for enhancing the efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment in hypotonic soil of claim 1, wherein: the fracturing fluid comprises the following components:
3. the fracturing fluid for enhancing the efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment in hypotonic soil of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the persulfate oxidant to the transition metal salt to the surfactant is 3.5-4.5: 0.5-1.5: 0.5 to 1.
4. The fracturing fluid for enhancing the efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment in hypotonic soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the persulfate oxidant is one of ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate and potassium persulfate; the transition metal salt is at least one of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate, copper nitrate trihydrate and manganese sulfate monohydrate.
5. The fracturing fluid for enhancing the efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment in hypotonic soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the surfactant is at least one of sodium dodecyl sulfonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
6. The fracturing fluid for enhancing the efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment in hypotonic soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the proppant is prepared by sequentially mixing 0.5-1.5 mass ratio: 0.5-1.5: 0.5-1.5 of steel slag, magnetite waste residue and pyrite waste residue.
7. The fracturing fluid for enhancing the efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment in hypotonic soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the pH regulator is one or two of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate.
8. The fracturing fluid for enhancing the efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment in hypotonic soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the antiseptic is one or two of hydrogen peroxide and sodium hydroxide.
9. The fracturing fluid for enhancing the efficiency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment in hypotonic soil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the vegetable gum thickening agent is sesbania gum, the cross-linking agent is sodium tetraborate decahydrate, and the gel breaker is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 1: 1-5 of one or two of ammonium persulfate and sodium bisulfite.
10. A method of preparing the fracturing fluid of claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of the gum base fluid
Mixing the vegetable gum thickening agent with water, and stirring at the speed of 1000-1400 r/min for 20-30 min to ensure that no large agglomerates exist in the liquid cement of the thickening agent; stirring for 30min at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, standing and cooling for 20min after stirring to obtain completely and uniformly dissolved thickening agent glue solution;
adding a cross-linking agent, a gel breaker and a preservative into the thickening agent glue solution, and stirring at the speed of 1000-1400 r/min for 20-30 min to obtain a glue base solution;
(2) preparation of modified persulfate solutions
Mixing a persulfate oxidant, a transition metal salt, a surfactant, a pH regulator and water, and continuously stirring at the speed of 800-1000 r/min for 20-30 min to prepare a modified persulfate solution;
(3) preparation of fracturing fluids
And (3) uniformly mixing the rubber base fluid prepared in the step (1) and the modified persulfate solution prepared in the step (2), adding a propping agent, and stirring at the speed of 1000-1400 r/min for 20-30 min to prepare the target product fracturing fluid.
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