CN113637926B - Rolling annealing process of 5-series aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Rolling annealing process of 5-series aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
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- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
- B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
- C23F3/02—Light metals
- C23F3/03—Light metals with acidic solutions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
- B21B2001/386—Plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
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Abstract
The invention provides a rolling annealing process of a 5-series aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps of: a) Hot rolling and then cold rolling a 5-series aluminum alloy plate ingot to obtain a cold-rolled plate; b) Carrying out intermediate annealing on the cold-rolled sheet; c) Cold rolling the plate obtained in the step B) again, and annealing the finished product; the annealing temperature of the finished product is lower than the intermediate annealing temperature. The rolling annealing process of the 5-series aluminum alloy realizes the combination of stronger metal feeling and higher mechanical property of the 5-series aluminum alloy by utilizing the process idea of tissue uniformity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloys, in particular to a rolling annealing process of a 5-series aluminum alloy.
Background
With the development of the times, the requirements of people on the notebook computer are not only the performance requirements, but also the appearance delicacy requirements are increased day by day. Therefore, aiming at 5 series aluminum alloy plates, the problems that how to make the shell of the notebook computer have more metal texture, how to optimize the appearance effect of the product by the process of the metal plate, and how to lay a good foundation for the post-processing of the plate, and how to better realize better matching with the alloy components and the performance of the plate through a rolling annealing process are all solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention discloses the following technical scheme:
a5-series aluminum alloy comprising: fe is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2wt percent, and the balance is Al.
The invention starts from the source of the material, adjusts the alloy components of the material, finds that the iron content is the most key factor influencing the appearance effect of the 5-series aluminum alloy through research, and particularly, the grain problem of the material is directly related to the Fe content in the alloy components, so that the control of the grain can be realized by strictly controlling the Fe content. The content of Fe in the alloy is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2wt%; more specifically, the content of Fe is more than 0 and 0.1wt% or less; more specifically, the content of Fe is 0.1wt%, 0.09wt%, 0.08wt%, 0.07wt%, 0.06wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.04wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.02wt%, or 0.01wt%; the test shows that the effect is better when the iron content is 0.08wt%, and the material grain problem is avoided.
On the basis of the Fe content, si and Zn are also included in the aluminum alloy; proper Si can improve the lubricating effect, and proper Zn can improve the strength; the content of Si is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15wt%, and the content of Zn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%; more specifically, the content of Si is more than 0 and 0.08wt% or less, and the content of Zn is more than 0 and 0.05wt% or less; more specifically, the Si content is 0.02wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.04wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.06wt%, 0.07wt%, or 0.08wt%, and the Zn content is 0.01wt%, 0.02wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.04wt%, or 0.05wt%.
On the basis, the 5-series aluminum alloy also comprises Cu, mn, mg, cr and Ti; the Cu content is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, the Mn content is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, the Mg content is 2.2-2.8 wt%, the Cr content is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2wt%, and the Ti content is less than or equal to 0.03wt%; more specifically, the Cu content is 0.01wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.04wt%, 0.06wt%, 0.07wt%, 0.08wt%, or 0.10wt%; the Mn content is 0.01wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.04wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.06wt%, 0.07wt%, or 0.09wt%; the Mg content is 2.2wt%, 2.3wt%, 2.4wt%, 2.5wt%, 2.6wt%, 2.7wt% or 2.8wt%; the content of Cr is 0.18wt%, 0.16wt%, 0.15wt%, 0.14wt%, 0.12wt%, 0.10wt%, 0.07wt%, 0.06wt%, 0.05wt%, 0.04wt%, 0.03wt%, or 0.01wt%; the Ti content is 0.01wt%, 0.02wt% or 0.03wt%. Among the above alloy elements, cu, mn, and Mg are added alloy elements and can improve strength and recrystallization annealing grains, but if the content of Cu is too high, the corrosivity of the aluminum alloy is increased, and if Mn is increased, the recrystallization annealing temperature is increased. Ti is a grain refiner for improving the grain size after recrystallization annealing. The control of the alloy elements can ensure the mechanical property of the 5-series aluminum alloy.
In view of the above detailed description, the present application provides a specific 5-series aluminum alloy comprising: fe is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, si is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%, cu is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, mn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, mg is more than 2.2wt% and less than or equal to 2.8wt%, zn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.05wt%, ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.03wt%, cr is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2wt%, and the balance is Al.
Furthermore, the method adjusts the better metal texture of the 5-series aluminum alloy, and researches show that the reduction of the magnesium content can enable the aluminum alloy to be in a bluish phase, and the appearance effect of the bluish phase can better reflect the metal texture, so that the content of alloying elements in the adjusting part can enable the 5-series aluminum alloy to furthest improve the metal texture of the material while ensuring the mechanical strength of the material.
Therefore, the 5-series aluminum alloy further comprises Mg and does not comprise Cr, and the content of Mg is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2.1wt%; more specifically, the content of Mg is more than 0 and 2.0wt% or less, more specifically, the content of Mg is 0.1wt%, 0.5wt%, 0.7wt%, 0.9wt%, 1.4wt%, 1.6wt%, 1.7wt%, or 1.9wt%; when the measured Mg content is 1.7wt%, the 5 series aluminum alloy plate is more blue phase, and the metal texture is stronger.
On the basis of the contents of Fe and Mg, the 5-series aluminum alloy further comprises Si, cu and Zn, wherein the content of Si is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.15wt%, the content of Cu is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%, and the content of Zn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%; more specifically, the content of Si is more than 0 and 0.08wt% or less, the content of Cu is more than 0 and 0.04wt% or less, and the content of Zn is more than 0 and 0.04wt% or less; more specifically, the content of Si is 0.07wt%, 0.06wt%, 0.04wt%, 0.03wt%, or 0.01wt%, the content of Cu is 0.005wt%, 0.01wt%, 0.02wt%, 0.03wt%, or 0.04wt%, and the content of Zn is 0.004wt%, 0.01wt%, 0.02wt%, or 0.04wt%.
The 5 series aluminum alloy further comprises Mn and Ti, wherein the content of Mn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, and the content of Ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.03wt%; more specifically, the content of Mn is 0.01wt%, 0.03wt%, 0.08wt%, or 0.1wt%, and the content of Ti is 0.015wt%, 0.01wt%, 0.018wt%, 0.02wt%, 0.026wt%, or 0.03wt%.
In view of the above detailed description, the present application provides a specific 5-series aluminum alloy comprising: fe is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, si is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%, cu is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.04wt%, mn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, mg is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2.0wt%, zn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.04wt%, ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.03wt%, and the balance of Al.
In the 5-series aluminum alloy, the alloy components of the material are directly related to the purity of the original aluminum, and the higher the purity of the original aluminum is, the stricter the control of the alloy components of the material is, so that the purity of the original aluminum is more than or equal to 99.85% in the application, and the quality and the cost of the 5-series aluminum alloy can be well balanced.
The preparation method of the 5-series aluminum alloy serving as the aluminum alloy plate for the digital product sequentially comprises the following steps: aluminum ore-aluminum oxide-electrolytic aluminum ingot-casting-plate ingot-hot rolling-cold rolling-slitting-stamping-polishing-sand blasting-chemical polishing-anodic oxidation-dyeing hole sealing.
On the basis of adjusting the alloy element components of the 5-series aluminum alloy, the rolling annealing process can be further adjusted to ensure that the 5-series aluminum alloy plate has stronger metal feeling and mechanical property, and therefore, the application provides the rolling annealing process of the 5-series aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
a) Hot rolling and then cold rolling a 5-series aluminum alloy plate ingot to obtain a cold-rolled plate;
b) Carrying out intermediate annealing on the cold-rolled sheet, wherein the intermediate annealing temperature is 100-400 ℃;
c) Cold rolling the plate obtained in the step B) again, and annealing the finished product, wherein the annealing temperature of the finished product is less than 250 ℃;
the annealing temperature of the finished product is lower than the annealing temperature of the intermediate annealing.
The content of certain alloy elements such as magnesium and chromium in the 5-series aluminum alloy is reduced, so that the tensile strength and yield strength of the material are reduced, and the mechanical property of the material cannot be met.
Rolling is a process of thinning and stretching the fused and cast plate ingot by extrusion stretching, and the rolling process flow diagram shown in fig. 7 is shown; and rolling the super-thick plate ingot step by step to the required thickness of the plate. Annealing is to slowly heat the metal to a certain temperature, keep for a sufficient time, and then cool at a suitable speed; aims to refine crystal grains, adjust the structure and change the mechanical property of the product. Thus, the rolling and annealing are complementary and are accompanied by a synchronization.
In order to enable the 5-series aluminum alloy to have an apparent metallic feeling and still maintain good mechanical properties, the application provides a rolling annealing process, which does not adopt a conventional process route of grain recrystallization in the prior art, but adopts a process route of tissue homogeneity, specifically as shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the process route of the tissue homogeneity of the 5-series aluminum alloy, and the rolling annealing process can enable the 5-series aluminum alloy to have the advantages of stronger metal texture and good mechanical properties.
Specifically, according to the method, firstly, a 5-series aluminum alloy plate ingot is rolled to 5.0-1.0 mm through 18-25 times of hot rolling, then is rolled to 2.0-5.0 mm through 1-5 times of cold rolling, the material does not form equiaxial fine grains by adopting the annealing temperature of 100-400 ℃, but the integral capacity of the plate is controlled through the uniform structure after rolling, so that no consistent crystal nucleus is formed during annealing, and finally the plate is rolled to 0.3-1.0 mm through 2-5 times of cold rolling, and at the moment, the lower annealing temperature of a finished product is lower than 250 ℃ so as to keep the uniform structure of the material. In the process, the medium annealing time is 16-30 h, the finished product annealing time is 25-40 h, and the annealing idea of tissue homogeneity is realized through the matching of the annealing temperature and the annealing time.
In the process, in the last pass of cold rolling again, in order to reduce the roughness of the aluminum alloy plate, the laser etching process is adopted to carry out fine processing on the roller, and the low roughness of the roller is realized.
In view of the above detailed description, the present application provides a rolling annealing process of a specific 5-series aluminum alloy, wherein the 5-series aluminum alloy includes: fe is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, si is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%, cu is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.04wt%, mn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, mg is more than 0 and less than or equal to 2.0wt%, zn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.04wt%, ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.03wt%, and the balance of Al.
For the 5 series aluminum alloy, the intermediate annealing temperature is 100-300 ℃, the time is 20-30 h, the finished product annealing temperature is less than 200 ℃, and the time is 30-40 h; the number of hot rolling passes is 20-22, the number of cold rolling passes is 1-3, and the number of cold rolling passes is 2-4; the thickness of the hot-rolled plate is 6.0-8.0 mm, the thickness of the cold-rolled plate is 2.0-4.0 mm, and the thickness of the cold-rolled plate is 0.7-0.9 mm.
According to the invention, the 5-series aluminum alloy is rolled and annealed to obtain the formed plate, but the specific application of the formed plate needs to further carry out surface treatment on the plate so as to realize the exquisite appearance and smooth hand feeling of the plate. The surface treatment process for the aluminum alloy plate comprises the steps of grinding, sand blasting, polishing, anodic oxidation and the like, a sand blasting sand mold of zircon sand is generally adopted in the sand blasting process, and in order to reduce the cost, the surface treatment process is also suitable for the 5-series aluminum alloy of the application, an iron sand mold is supposed to be adopted to realize the apparent effect of zircon sand, and thus other procedures are required to be adjusted, so that the application discloses the surface treatment process for the 5-series aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
a) Polishing the 5 series aluminum alloy plate;
b) Sand blasting is carried out on the polished aluminum alloy plate by adopting iron sand;
c) Carrying out alkali washing on the aluminum alloy plate subjected to sand blasting;
d) And C), sequentially carrying out chemical polishing and anodic oxidation on the aluminum alloy plate obtained in the step C), wherein the chemical polishing time is 40-200 s.
The surface treatment process can achieve the appearance effect of the sand blasting scheme imitation zircon sand of the iron sand, and improve the appearance delicacy degree and the hand feeling smoothness degree of the plate.
First, sanding is the underlying foundation for sandblasting, with finer sand requiring more sanding. The finer the sanding cost, the higher the appropriate sanding scheme and sand pattern match, when using coarser sand with a lower mesh, the surface condition of the sand can be reflected without needing to sand the substrate more finely, when using finer sand with a higher mesh, the requirements on the substrate will increase synchronously, so a finer sanding scheme is needed; specifically, as shown in fig. 9, a bar chart is compared for different sand mold grinding states. In this application, the sand mould of polishing is iron sand + zircon sand, and the technology of polishing is: coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing, wherein the rotating speed is more than or equal to 2000 revolutions per minute, the pressure is 0.2-1.5 kg, and the time is more than or equal to 100s.
For a specific 5-series aluminum alloy: fe is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, si is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%, cu is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, mn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, mg is more than 2.2wt% and less than or equal to 2.8wt%, zn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.05wt%, ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.03wt%, cr is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.2wt%, and the balance of Al; or Fe is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, si is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%, cu is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.04wt%, mn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, mg is less than or equal to 2.0wt%, zn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.04wt%, ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.03wt%, and the balance of Al; respectively marked as alloy 1 and alloy 2, the sand moulds for polishing are iron sand 150+ iron sand 180+ zircon sand 150, and the polishing process comprises the following steps: coarse grinding of 600 meshes, fine grinding of 600 meshes and polishing of 800 meshes, wherein the rotating speed is more than or equal to 3000 r/min, the pressure is 0.5-1.0 kg, and the time is more than or equal to 135s; or the sand mold for polishing is 200% of iron sand, 170% of zircon sand and 205% of zircon sand, and the polishing process comprises the following steps: coarse grinding of 600 meshes, fine grinding of 800 meshes and polishing of 1000 meshes, wherein the rotating speed is more than or equal to 3000 r/min, the pressure is 0.5-1.0 kg, and the time is more than or equal to 170s.
According to the invention, the 5 series aluminum alloy plate is subjected to sand blasting after being polished, the microscopic morphology of the iron sand is not uniform and round, and the microscopic morphology of the zircon sand is uniform and round, so that the surface of the plate subjected to the zircon sand blasting is more exquisite and more uniform, as shown in figure 10. Because the microscopic forms of the iron sand are inconsistent and not very round, the surface of the plate after sand blasting by the iron sand is more uneven and has poorer consistency; the sand mold to be sandblasted as described herein is selected from the group consisting of iron sand 120, iron sand 150, and iron sand 180 in order to reduce the production cost, but as described above, the iron sand affects the appearance state of the panel. As shown in fig. 11, fig. 11 is a graph showing the contrast between the surface roughness and the gloss of different sand molds after being subjected to sand blasting and anodized, and it can be seen that although the roughness and the gloss of iron sand are improved after being subjected to anodic oxidation, the difference between the roughness and the gloss of iron sand and the effect of zirconium sand blasting still exists. Consequently, this application still need pass through subsequent processing when adopting the iron sand sandblast, has realized the effect of zircon sand sandblast.
After the sand blasting is carried out on the aluminum alloy plate, impurities on the surface of the aluminum alloy are removed through degreasing and neutralization. According to the invention, alkali washing is introduced after neutralization, and the alkali washing is used for washing off more impurities on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate and simultaneously improving the hand feeling of the surface of the plate, so that the surface of the aluminum alloy plate is smoother; for the conventional 5-series aluminum alloy in the prior art, the person skilled in the art does not introduce alkaline washing to avoid causing the texture problem. The alkaline washing reagent is 20-150 g/L sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the temperature of the alkaline washing is 40-100 ℃, and the time is 10-60 s. The alloy 1 and the alloy 2 have stronger material grain resistance, so the introduction of the alkali washing process can increase the delicacy and smooth hand feeling of the aluminum alloy plate on the basis of the iron sand blasting, and the specific ratio is shown in FIG. 12; in contrast, the alkaline washing reagent is 40-80 g/L sodium hydroxide, the temperature is 50-70 ℃, and the time is 10-40 s.
After the alkali washing, the aluminum alloy plate is subjected to neutralization treatment to remove redundant alkali liquor on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate. According to the invention, after the neutralization treatment, the aluminum alloy plate is chemically polished, and after the alkali washing, the appearance state of the aluminum alloy plate is partially improved relative to the sand blasting treatment of zircon sand, but the surface treatment of zircon sand is still difficult to achieve, so through research, the chemical polishing time is prolonged, and the surface of the plate is in a more uniform and consistent state; the chemical polishing is essentially to make the microscopic morphology of the material more round by etching, and for the iron sand, the inconsistent microscopic morphology after the iron sand is subjected to sand blasting can be reduced by prolonging the polishing time, so that the difference between the wave crest and the wave trough after the iron sand is subjected to polishing is smaller, and a schematic diagram of the principle is shown in fig. 13, so that the sand blasting effect of the zirconium sand is more similar. In the application, the chemical polishing agent is prepared from the following components in a volume ratio of (3-10): 1 phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid; the chemical polishing reagent also comprises an additive, and the addition amount of the additive is 1-5% of the total volume of the phosphoric acid, the sulfuric acid and the additive; for the alloy 1 and the alloy 2, the chemical polishing agent is prepared by the following components in a volume ratio of (2-6): 1 phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid, the chemical polishing time is 70-120 s, and the addition amount of the additive is 1-3% of the total volume of the phosphoric acid, the sulfuric acid and the additive.
The aluminum alloy plate after chemical polishing is finally subjected to anodic oxidation, which is well known to those skilled in the art, and the application is not particularly limited. In the application, the concentration of the anodic oxidation reagent is 100-300 g/L sulfuric acid; the temperature of the anodic oxidation is 10-30 ℃, the voltage is 10-30V, and the time is more than or equal to 1500s. For the alloy 1 and the alloy 2, the anodic oxidation reagent concentration is 150-250 g/L sulfuric acid; the temperature of the anodic oxidation is 15-25 ℃, the voltage is 12-20V, and the time is 2500-4000 s.
After the anodic oxidation, the surface adjustment, dyeing, hole sealing, ash removal and drying are sequentially carried out on the anodized aluminum alloy plate, and finally the 5-series aluminum alloy plate is obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the appearance of an aluminum alloy plate prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an appearance of an aluminum alloy plate prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an appearance of an aluminum alloy plate prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows the appearance of the aluminum alloy sheet prepared in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 shows the appearance of the aluminum alloy sheet prepared in example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows the appearance of the aluminum alloy sheets prepared in example 6 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a rolling process of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a process for uniformity of structure of 5-series aluminum alloy according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a comparative bar chart of different sand mold polishing states in the 5-series aluminum alloy surface treatment process of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the conditions and microscopic view of different sand molds in the surface treatment process of the 5-series aluminum alloy of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the contrast of surface roughness and gloss after different sand blasting and anodic treatment in the 5-series aluminum alloy surface treatment process of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the comparative effect of alkaline washing and non-alkaline washing on roughness and gloss in the surface treatment process of the 5-series aluminum alloy of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing the change of the microscopic morphology of the chemically polished product in the surface treatment process of 5-series aluminum alloy according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
For further understanding of the present invention, the following examples are given to illustrate the 5-series aluminum alloy of the present invention in detail, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.
Example 1
A 5-series aluminum alloy sheet was prepared according to a prior art method, comprising: fe0.08wt%, si0.05wt%, cu0.01wt%, mn0.01wt%, mg2.2wt%, zn0.02wt%, cr0.18wt%, and the balance Al, wherein the purity of the primary aluminum is 99.85%; as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 1 is a photograph showing the appearance of the 5-series aluminum alloy sheet of this embodiment.
Example 2
A 5-series aluminum alloy sheet is prepared according to a prior art method, which comprises: fe0.07wt%, si0.07wt%, cu0.05wt%, mn0.03wt%, mg2.4wt%, zn0.01wt%, cr0.15wt%, and the balance of Al, wherein the purity of the primary aluminum is 99.85%; as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a photograph of the appearance of the aluminum alloy sheet of the present example 5.
Example 3
A 5-series aluminum alloy sheet is prepared according to a prior art method, which comprises: 0.05wt% of Fe0.03wt%, 0.03wt% of Si0.08wt% of Cu0.08wt%, 0.04wt% of Mn0.3wt% of Mg2.3wt%, 0.005wt% of Zn0.12wt% of Cr0.12wt% of Al, and the balance of Al, wherein the purity of the original aluminum is 99.85%; as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a photograph of the appearance of the 5 series aluminum alloy plate of the present embodiment.
Example 4
A 5-series aluminum alloy sheet is prepared according to a prior art method, which comprises: fe0.08wt%, si0.04wt%, cu0.005wt%, mn0.001wt%, mg1.7wt%, zn0.004wt%, ti0.016wt%, and the balance of Al, wherein the purity of the raw aluminum is 99.85%; as shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a photograph of the appearance of the 5 series aluminum alloy plate of the present embodiment.
Example 5
A 5-series aluminum alloy sheet is prepared according to a prior art method, which comprises: fe0.05wt%, si0.06wt%, cu0.02wt%, mn0.004wt%, mg1.8wt%, zn0.02wt%, ti0.02wt%, and the balance of Al, wherein the purity of the original aluminum is 99.85%; as shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a photograph of the appearance of the aluminum alloy sheet of this example 5.
As can be seen from fig. 1 to 5, the 5-series aluminum alloy sheet provided by the present application has no material streak problem.
Example 6
A 5-series aluminum alloy sheet is prepared according to a prior art method, which comprises: 0.1wt% of Fe0.1wt%, 0.08wt% of Si0.08wt%, 0.04wt% of Cu0.04wt%, 0.1wt% of Mn0.2wt%, 0.03wt% of Zn0.03wt% of Ti0.03wt% of Al, and the balance of Al, wherein the purity of the original aluminum is 99.85%.
Comparative example 1
The same as in example 1, except that: the Fe content was 0.25wt%.
As shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a photograph of the appearance and appearance of the 5-series aluminum alloys in example 6 (right side) and comparative example 1 (left side). As can be seen from the figure, the 5-series aluminum alloy provided by the application has stronger metal texture and no material veins.
Example 7
A5-series aluminum alloy sheet ingot is prepared according to a prior art method, which comprises: fe0.08wt%, si0.04wt%, cu0.005wt%, mn0.001wt%, mg1.7wt%, zn0.004wt%, ti0.016wt%, and the balance of Al, wherein the purity of the original aluminum is 99.85%; and (3) hot rolling the aluminum alloy plate blank to 7.0mm by 21 times, then cold rolling the material to 3.0mm by 2 times, then adopting the annealing temperature of 280 ℃, preserving heat for 25h, finally rolling the plate to 0.8mm by 3 times of cold rolling, adopting the finished product annealing temperature of 180 ℃, preserving heat for 30h, and obtaining the 5-series aluminum alloy plate. The performance of the 5-series aluminum alloy plate is detected, and the detection result is shown in table 1.
Example 8
A5 series aluminum alloy plate ingot is prepared according to the prior art method, which comprises the following steps: fe0.08wt%, si0.08wt%, cu0.005wt%, mn0.001wt%, mg2.4wt%, zn0.004wt%, ti0.016wt%, and the balance of Al, wherein the purity of the primary aluminum is 99.85%; and (3) rolling the aluminum alloy plate blank to 3.0mm by 18 times of hot rolling, rolling the material to 1.0mm by 3 times of cold rolling, then adopting a medium annealing temperature of 350 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, finally rolling the plate to 0.8mm by 2 times of cold rolling, adopting a finished product annealing temperature of 250 ℃, preserving heat for 25 hours, and obtaining the 5-series aluminum alloy plate. The performance of the 5-series aluminum alloy plate is detected, and the detection result is shown in table 1.
Comparative example 2
A5-series aluminum alloy sheet ingot is prepared according to a prior art method, which comprises: fe0.08wt%, si0.07wt%, cu0.005wt%, mn0.001wt%, mg1.6wt%, zn0.004wt%, ti0.016wt%, and the balance of Al, wherein the purity of the original aluminum is 99.85%; and (3) rolling the aluminum alloy plate blank to 7.0mm by 25 times of hot rolling, then rolling the material to 2.1mm by 3 times of cold rolling, then adopting a medium annealing temperature of 400 ℃, preserving heat for 20 hours, finally rolling the plate to 0.8mm by 3 times of cold rolling, adopting a finished product annealing temperature of 260 ℃, and preserving heat for 25 hours to obtain the 5-series aluminum alloy plate.
The performance of the 5-series aluminum alloy plate is detected, and the detection result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 table of performance data of 5-series aluminum alloy sheets prepared in examples and comparative examples
Examples
The method comprises the following steps of polishing 5-series aluminum alloy plates by adopting sand molds of 150 iron sand, 180 iron sand and 150 zirconium sand, wherein the polishing parameters are as follows: coarse grinding of 600 meshes, fine grinding of 600 meshes and polishing of 800 meshes, wherein the grinding speed is 3500 rpm/min, the pressure is 0.5kg, and the time is 150s;
blasting sand on the 5-series aluminum alloy plate after polishing by adopting 150 iron sand, sequentially degreasing, neutralizing, then carrying out alkali washing, neutralizing the aluminum alloy plate after alkali washing, chemically polishing the aluminum alloy plate after neutralization, and finally carrying out anodic oxidation;
sequentially carrying out surface conditioning, dyeing, hole sealing, ash removal and drying on the anodized aluminum alloy plate to obtain an aluminum alloy finished plate;
the composition of the 5-series aluminum alloy in the embodiment is specifically as follows: fe0.1wt%, si0.06wt%, cu0.08wt%, mn not more than 0.08wt%, mg2.6wt%, zn0.04wt%, ti0.03wt%, cr0.2wt%, and the balance of Al.
The surface treatment processes of the examples and comparative examples were carried out according to the above procedure, with the specific parameters as shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 Table of parameter data of examples and comparative examples
The roughness of the examples and the comparative examples was measured, and the results are shown in table 4;
TABLE 4 roughness comparison data Table (Ra: um) for examples and comparative examples
| Group of | Example 9 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 |
| 1 | 1.02 | 0.986 | 0.974 |
| 2 | 1.004 | 1.04 | 0.864 |
| 3 | 0.92 | 0.929 | 0.997 |
| 4 | 0.965 | 1.021 | 0.919 |
| 5 | 09.46 | 1.096 | 0.942 |
| 6 | 0.945 | 1.06 | 0.993 |
| 7 | 0.97 | 1.152 | 0.961 |
| 8 | 0.934 | 0.931 | 0.939 |
| 9 | 1.026 | 0.935 | 0.95 |
| 10 | 0.857 | 0.991 | 0.922 |
| 11 | 0.96 | 1.14 | 0.978 |
| 12 | 0.935 | 0.984 | 0.95 |
| Mean value of | 0.956 | 1.022 | 0.95 |
The above description of the embodiments is only intended to facilitate the understanding of the method of the invention and its core idea. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (6)
1. A rolling annealing process of 5-series aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
a) Carrying out hot rolling on a 5-series aluminum alloy plate ingot and then carrying out cold rolling to obtain a cold-rolled plate; the 5-series aluminum alloy includes: fe is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, si is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.08wt%, cu is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.04wt%, mn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.1wt%, mg is more than or equal to 1.7wt%, zn is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.04wt%, ti is more than 0 and less than or equal to 0.016wt%, and the balance of Al;
b) Carrying out intermediate annealing on the cold-rolled sheet, wherein the intermediate annealing temperature is 100-280 ℃;
c) Cold rolling the plate obtained in the step B) again, and annealing a finished product, wherein the annealing temperature of the finished product is 180 ℃;
the annealing temperature of the finished product is lower than the annealing temperature of the intermediate annealing;
the medium annealing time is 20-30 h, and the finished product annealing time is 30-40 h.
2. The rolling annealing process according to claim 1, wherein the hot rolling passes are 18 to 25, the cold rolling passes are 1 to 5, and the secondary cold rolling passes are 2 to 5.
3. The rolling annealing process according to claim 1, wherein the hot-rolled sheet has a thickness of 3.0 to 10.0mm, the cold-rolled sheet has a thickness of 1.0 to 5.0mm, and the cold-rolled sheet has a thickness of 0.3 to 1.5mm.
4. The rolling annealing process according to claim 1, wherein in the step C), in the final pass of the cold rolling again, the cold-rolled roller is finely processed by adopting a laser radium carving process.
5. The rolling annealing process according to claim 1, wherein the number of passes of the hot rolling is 20-22, the number of passes of the cold rolling is 1-3, and the number of passes of the cold re-rolling is 2-4.
6. The rolling annealing process according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the hot-rolled sheet is 6.0-8.0 mm, the thickness of the cold-rolled sheet is 2.0-4.0 mm, and the thickness of the cold-rolled sheet is 0.7-0.9 mm.
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