CN113634920A - High-power gas explosion-free water-guide laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head of variable-curvature focusing light column lens - Google Patents
High-power gas explosion-free water-guide laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head of variable-curvature focusing light column lens Download PDFInfo
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- CN113634920A CN113634920A CN202111116155.8A CN202111116155A CN113634920A CN 113634920 A CN113634920 A CN 113634920A CN 202111116155 A CN202111116155 A CN 202111116155A CN 113634920 A CN113634920 A CN 113634920A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0626—Energy control of the laser beam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-power gas explosion-free water-guide laser water-optical coupling alignment cutting head of a variable-curvature focusing light column lens, which is characterized in that: the optical focusing lens is a variable curvature focusing beam lens, and after laser beams pass through the variable curvature focusing beam lens and are injected into the water jet gem nozzle, a focusing beam is formed along the axial lead of the water jet and then is dispersed, and the laser beams are transmitted along the water jet through total reflection. The traditional water-guided laser water-optical coupling alignment cutting head has the advantages that the laser only has one focusing point after passing through the focusing lens, the energy density is high, and the gas explosion is easy to generate, so that the applicable laser power is small, the cutting efficiency is low, the cutting head has numerous laser focusing points, the laser energy density of the laser power at each focusing point is obviously reduced, the gas explosion and the damage phenomenon of a water jet gem nozzle are effectively avoided, and the processing efficiency of the water-guided laser is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water-guided laser processing, and particularly relates to a high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water-optical coupling alignment cutting head with a variable-curvature focusing light column lens.
Background
Compared with the traditional laser cutting, the water-guided laser cutting has the following advantages: (1) thermal damage can not be generated, because the sprayed water flow can cool the material in the laser pulse interval, the thermal deformation and the thermal damage of the material are greatly reduced, and the original structure and the original performance of the material are kept; (2) the working distance of the water jet is large, and focusing is not needed; (3) the sprayed water flow can take away the molten material in the cutting process, so that pollutants are reduced; (4) the machining precision is high, and the method is particularly suitable for high-precision machining of thin-wall parts.
The water-guided laser can be used for cutting, punching, slotting, cleaning the surface of a workpiece and the like. Due to the characteristics of water-guided laser processing, the method has important popularization and application prospects in the processing fields of metal materials, semiconductors, glass, ceramics, carbon fiber composite materials and the like.
There are two big problems in traditional water conservancy diversion laser cutting head: (1) the single-focus spherical lens is adopted, and because the laser power is concentrated in one focus point, when the laser power is high, the water jet at the focus point generates gas explosion and nozzle damage phenomena, and the water-guided laser processing cannot be continued, so that the single-focus spherical lens is only suitable for occasions with low laser power and has low processing efficiency; (2) the water-optical coupling alignment precision is low, and the alignment of a focusing light column and a light guide water jet column is difficult to realize quickly and accurately, so that the interference of laser and the surface of a nozzle, the damage of a water jet gem nozzle holder and the continuous processing of water guide laser can not be realized. In order to solve the two problems, the invention provides a variable-curvature focusing light column lens high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water-optical coupling alignment cutting head, which aims to realize no gas explosion under the condition of high laser power and realize alignment of a focusing light column and a light-guided water jet water column under the condition that one focusing point is changed into a plurality of focusing points.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable-curvature focusing light column lens high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water-optical coupling alignment cutting head, which mainly solves the key technical problems of gas explosion and nozzle damage of water jet at a focusing point when a high-power laser is used in the conventional water-guided laser cutting head. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head with the variable curvature focusing light column lens comprises a variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040), a laser optical fiber connector (101), a beam expanding collimation lens component (1020), a spectroscope component (1030), a CCD camera adjusting knob (105), a holophote component (1060), an attenuation piece component (1070), a light filter component (1080), a CCD camera (109), a water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5), a water optical coupling cavity component (6) and the like; laser forms a plurality of focusing points through a variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) in a variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040), the focusing points are uniformly distributed along the axial lead of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104), and a focusing light column (111) is formed firstly; the relative position of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) and the water optical coupling cavity component (6) is adjusted by the water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component, so that a focusing light column (111) formed by the laser through the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) is coaxial with the central line of a water jet gem nozzle holder (606) in the water optical coupling cavity component (6), the interference between the laser and the upper surface of a water jet gem nozzle (605) is avoided, the laser passes through a corresponding focusing point on the focusing light column (111), is then dispersed and emitted to the inner surface of a light guide water jet water column (8), and is then conducted along the inner part of the light guide water jet (8) through total reflection.
The high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head of the variable curvature focusing light column lens is characterized in that the spherical curvature radius of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) changes from large to small from the top to the edge of the spherical surface, the spherical surface with the largest curvature radius is positioned at the intersection point position of the lens axis and the spherical surface, namely the top position of the spherical surface, the farther the distance from the axis is, the smaller the curvature radius of the spherical surface is, and the spherical surface with the smallest curvature radius is positioned at the edge position of the spherical surface of the lens; the radius of curvature of the spherical surface at the edge position of the lens is minimum, and the laser passes through a focusing point formed by the edge of the variable-curvature focusing light column lens (104) and is closest to the bottom surface of the lens; the spherical curvature radius at the top of the lens is maximum, and the laser passes through a focusing point formed at the top of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) and is farthest from the bottom surface of the lens;
the high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head of the curvature-variable focusing light beam lens is characterized in that a laser optical fiber connector (101) is an annular cylinder, a light guide hole for laser transmission is formed in the laser optical fiber connector (101), an optical fiber is connected to the upper end of the laser optical fiber connector (101), and a beam expanding and collimating lens group component (1020) is connected to the lower part of the laser optical fiber connector; a light transmission and guide hole for laser transmission, and concave lenses and convex lenses which are distributed up and down are arranged in the beam expanding and collimating lens group component (1020); a beam splitter component (1030) is arranged below the beam expanding and collimating lens component (1020), and a beam splitter (103) is arranged in the beam splitter component (1030); the variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) is internally provided with a variable curvature focusing light column lens (104), and the variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) is arranged below the beam splitter component (1030); the lower part of the variable-curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) is connected with a water-light coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) through a bolt, and the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is connected with the upper water-light coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) through a buckle structure; the spectroscope (103) and the axis of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) form an included angle of 45 degrees; a total reflection mirror part (1060) is arranged on the left side of the beam splitter part (1030), a total reflection mirror (106) is arranged in the total reflection mirror part (1060), and the total reflection mirror (106) and the beam splitter (103) are arranged in parallel; the CCD camera adjusting knob (105) is installed at the lower left of the holophote component (1060), a filter component (1070) is installed right above the holophote component (1060), and a filter (107) is installed in the filter component (1070); an attenuation sheet component (1080) is arranged above the filter component (1070), and an attenuation sheet (108) is arranged in the attenuation sheet component (1080); the CCD camera (109) is arranged above the attenuation sheet component (1080), the CCD camera (109) is in a square shape, and a connecting port is formed in the upper wall of the CCD camera; the CCD camera (109), the attenuation sheet component (1080), the filter component (1070) and the total reflection mirror component (1060) are sequentially arranged on the same vertical line from top to bottom; the device comprises a laser fiber connector (101), a beam expanding and collimating lens group component (1020), a beam splitter component (1030), a variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) and a water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5), wherein the water optical coupling cavity component (6) is sequentially arranged on the same vertical line from top to bottom.
The water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting part (5) comprises a connecting inner cylinder (501), a transmission sliding cylinder (502), an X-direction adjusting knob (503), an X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (504), an outer sliding sleeve (505), an inner sliding sleeve (506), a Y-direction adjusting knob (507), a Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (508), a Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509), an X-direction compression spring (511), a Y-direction compression spring (512), a key (513) and the like;
the lower cylinder of the connecting inner cylinder (501), the upper cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) and the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) are cylindrical hollow structures, the outer diameter of the upper cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower cylinder of the connecting inner cylinder (501), the transmission sliding cylinder and the lower cylinder belong to clearance fit, the upper part of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is connected with the outer cylinder of the inner cylinder (501), and the lower part of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is connected with the outer cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502);
the connecting inner cylinder (501) is connected with a variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) at the upper part through a screw at the upper part of the connecting inner cylinder, the outer walls of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) are provided with key grooves, keys (513) are placed in the key grooves, and the key grooves and the keys (513) ensure that the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) cannot generate relative rotation; the outer wall of the connecting inner cylinder (501) is provided with a positive external thread, the outer wall of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is provided with a negative external thread, and the outer sides of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) are provided with a Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509); the upper part of the inner wall of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is provided with a positive internal thread, and the lower part of the inner wall of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve is provided with a reverse internal thread; the relative movement of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is realized through the rotation of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509), so that the Z-axis adjustment of the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is realized, and the linear distance between the variable-curvature focusing light column lens (104) and the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is adjusted;
the lower part of the transmission sliding barrel (502), the outer sliding sleeve (505) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) are all cylindrical hollow structures, and two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504) pass through the transmission sliding barrel (502), the outer sliding sleeve (505) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) on the same horizontal plane in the X direction and are used as guide rails for relative movement between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506); one of the matching holes of the X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (504), the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) is in interference fit, and the other is in clearance fit; a screw rod of the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is positioned on the same horizontal plane with the two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504) and an X-direction compression spring (511) on the other side of the inner sliding sleeve (506); the X-direction compression spring (511) is arranged between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506); a threaded hole is formed in the transmission sliding barrel (502), and a blind hole is formed in the outer wall of the inner sliding sleeve (506) and used for mounting an X-direction compression spring (511); one side of the inner sliding sleeve (506) is contacted with the front end of a screw rod of the X-direction adjusting knob (503), and the other side presses the X-direction compression spring (511);
the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is connected with the transmission sliding barrel (502) through a screw rod; rotating an X-direction adjusting knob (503) to control the front end of the screw rod to stretch; when the adjusting knob (503) in the X direction is rotated clockwise, the inner sliding sleeve (506) moves along the negative direction of the X axis; when the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is rotated anticlockwise, the inner sliding sleeve (506) moves along the positive direction of the X axis under the pushing of the counterforce of the X-direction compression spring (511), so that the movement of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) along the positive and negative directions of the X axis is controlled;
the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508) are pairwise parallel on the same horizontal plane in the Y direction, symmetrically penetrate through the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505) in the front-back direction and are used as guide rails for relative movement between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505); the Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (508) is in interference fit with the matching hole of the outer sliding sleeve (505) and is in clearance fit with the matching hole of the transmission sliding barrel (502); a screw rod of a Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is positioned on the same horizontal plane with the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508) and a Y-direction compression spring (512) on the other side of the transmission sliding barrel (502), and the Y-direction compression spring (512) is arranged between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505); the outer wall of the transmission sliding barrel (502) is provided with a blind hole, and the outer sliding sleeve (505) is provided with a threaded hole for installing a Y-direction compression spring (512); the outer wall of one side of the transmission sliding barrel (502) is contacted with the front end of a screw rod of a Y-direction adjusting knob (507), and the outer wall of the other side presses a Y-direction compression spring (512);
the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is connected with the outer sliding sleeve (505) through a screw rod; a Y-direction adjusting knob (507) controls the front end of the screw to stretch and contract and controls the transmission sliding barrel (502) to move along the positive and negative directions of the Y axis, so that the movement of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) along the positive and negative directions of the Y axis is controlled; when the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is rotated clockwise, the transmission sliding cylinder (502) moves along the positive direction of the Y axis; when the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is rotated anticlockwise, the transmission sliding barrel (502) moves along the negative direction of the Y axis under the pushing of the counterforce of the Y-direction compression spring (512); the inner wall of the lower part of the inner sliding sleeve (506) is provided with an annular female buckle for connecting the water optical coupling cavity component (6);
the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508), the two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504), the X-direction adjusting knob (503), the Y-direction adjusting knob (507), the X-direction compression spring (511) and the Y-direction compression spring (512) are in the same plane; the displacement adjustment control of the X axis and the Y axis of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) is realized in the same plane where the X axis and the Y axis are positioned;
the water optical coupling cavity component (6) comprises a positioning ball (601), a high-pressure water connector (602), a high-pressure gas connector (603), a water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604), a water jet gem nozzle (605), a water jet gem nozzle holder (606), an air inlet ring hole (607), an air annular buffer area (608), a water optical coupling cavity shell (609), a water cavity sealing mirror (610), an annular buffer area (611) and an annular columnar air nozzle (613); a rotary trefoil structure buckle is arranged on the outer side of the upper part of a water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604), and is connected with an annular female buckle on an inner sliding sleeve (506) through the buckle, and the position of a three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) of a water optical coupling cavity is positioned through a positioning ball (601); a water cavity sealing mirror groove is formed below the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604) and used for mounting a water cavity sealing mirror piece (610); the outer side of the upper part of a water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604) is connected with a water-light coupling cavity shell (609) through threads, a high-pressure water connector (602) and a high-pressure air connector (603) are installed on the left side plane part of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609), and the right side of the high-pressure water connector (602) is connected with an annular buffer area (611) through a water inlet channel; the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) is positioned at the lower part of the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) and is fixed in the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) through threads; a nozzle holder guide hole (616) is formed in the water jet gem nozzle holder (606), a water jet gem nozzle (605) is installed at the top of the nozzle holder guide hole (616), and a cylindrical nozzle is formed in the middle of the water jet gem nozzle (605);
the outer wall of the middle part of the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) is provided with a gas inlet annular hole (607), a high-pressure gas connector (603) is connected with the gas inlet annular hole (607) through a gas inlet channel, the gas inlet annular hole (607) is connected with a gas annular buffer area (608) through 4 gas inlets (614), and an annular columnar gas nozzle (613) is connected below the gas annular buffer area (608);
a water cavity sealing mirror groove is formed below the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604), and a sealing ring and a water cavity sealing mirror piece (610) are arranged in the water cavity sealing mirror groove; a water jet gem nozzle holder (606) mounting hole is formed in the water optical coupling cavity shell (609); the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) is provided with a water jet gem nozzle (605) mounting blind hole, and the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) and the cylindrical water jet gem nozzle (605) are mounted in an interference fit manner; the circular nozzle of the water jet gem nozzle (605) and the diversion hole below the circular nozzle are on the same axis, the inner diameter of the circular nozzle of the water jet gem nozzle (605) is small, and the inner diameter of the diversion hole below the circular nozzle is large; the water jet jewel nozzle holder (606) and the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) are sealed through a second sealing ring (617), and high-pressure water is prevented from leaking from the lower part of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) through a gap between the water jet jewel nozzle holder (606) and the water optical coupling cavity shell (609); the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) and the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604) are sealed through a sealing ring III (618), and high-pressure water is prevented from leaking from the upper part of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) through a gap between the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) and the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604).
The left side of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609) is provided with a high-pressure water connector (602), deionized water enters an annular buffer area (611) through a water inlet channel, enters the deionized water of the annular buffer area (611), enters a cavity above the water jet gem nozzle holding frame (606) along a flow channel between the side surface of a cylinder at the upper part of the annular buffer area (611) and the inner wall of a hole of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609) under the action of pressure, and then is ejected from a circular nozzle of the water jet gem nozzle (605) to form a fine high-pressure water jet;
a high-pressure gas connector (603) is arranged on the left side of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609), high-pressure gas enters a gas inlet ring hole (607) through a gas inlet channel and then enters a gas annular buffer area (608) through 4 gas inlets (614), and is ejected out of an annular columnar gas nozzle (613) under the action of high pressure to blow away accumulated water on the surface of a workpiece to be processed; the water jet jewel nozzle holder (606) and the water light coupling cavity shell (609) are sealed through a first sealing ring (612), and high-pressure air flow is prevented from leaking from the lower part of the water light coupling cavity component (6) through a gap between the water jet jewel nozzle holder (606) and the water light coupling cavity shell (609).
The variable-curvature focusing light column lens high-power gas explosion-free water-guide laser water-optical coupling alignment cutting head has the following advantages and effects:
(1) according to the curvature-variable focusing light column lens (104), laser penetrates through the lens to form a plurality of focusing points, the energy of the laser is distributed in the plurality of focusing points of the focusing light column (111), the energy density of each focusing point is obviously reduced, so that the phenomena of air explosion generation of a light guide water jet column (8) and water-light coupling interruption caused by overlarge energy density of a single focusing point are avoided, the power of the laser is obviously improved, and the processing efficiency of the water guide laser is obviously improved.
(2) The CCD camera can clearly display the shape and the position of a focus point, a control system finely adjusts the three-coordinate movement adjusting part (5) of the water-light coupling cavity under the real-time monitoring of the CCD camera, so that the focusing light column (111) is positioned on the axis of the light-guiding water jet column (8), and the focus point at the top of the focusing light column (111) is basically flush with the upper surface of the water-jet gem nozzle (605), thereby realizing the rapid and accurate coupling of the high-power gas-free explosion water-guiding laser of the variable-curvature focusing light column lens (104), thoroughly eliminating the phenomena of damage of the water-jet gem nozzle (605) and interruption of water-light coupling caused by low coupling accuracy, and remarkably improving the processing efficiency of a water-guiding laser processing system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an external view of a high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water-optical coupling alignment cutting head of a variable curvature focusing light beam lens;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 taken along the A-A direction;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the principle of high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water-optical coupling alignment of a variable-curvature focusing light column lens to the laser path of a cutting head;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the mounting structure of the parts enclosed in the circle in FIG. 3;
FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view along the direction B-B in FIG. 5, and is a partial schematic structural view of the adjusting part for the X-axis and Y-axis coordinate movement of the water optical coupling cavity part (6) in the horizontal plane;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional movement adjusting part (5) of the water optical coupling cavity in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the horizontal plane X-axis and Y-axis coordinate adjusting part of the three-coordinate movement adjusting part (5) of the water optical coupling cavity in FIG. 1;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of the aqueous light coupling cavity member (6) of FIG. 1;
fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the optical coupling cavity assembly (6) of fig. 2.
Wherein: 101-laser fiber connector, 1020-beam expanding collimation lens group component, 1030-spectroscope component, 1040-variable curvature focusing light column lens component, 105-CCD camera adjusting knob, 1060-holophote component, 1070-attenuation piece component, 1080-optical filter component, 109-CCD camera, 5-water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component, 6-water optical coupling cavity component, 102-beam expanding collimation lens group, 103-spectroscope, 104-variable curvature focusing light column lens, 106-holophote, 107-attenuation piece, 108-optical filter, 1-laser, 2-fiber laser beam, 110-water optical coupling cavity, 111-focusing light column, 8-light guiding water jet column, 9-processed workpiece, 501-connecting inner cylinder, 502-transmission sliding cylinder, 503-X direction adjusting knob, 504-X direction cylindrical transmission guide rail, 505-outer sliding sleeve, 506-inner sliding sleeve, 507-Y direction adjusting knob, 508-Y direction cylindrical transmission guide rail, 509-Z axis adjusting sleeve, 510-outer sliding sleeve through hole, 511-X direction compression spring, 512-Y direction compression spring, 513-key, 601-positioning ball, 602-high pressure water connector, 603-high pressure air connector, 604-water cavity sealing mirror support frame, 605-water jet gem nozzle, 606-water jet gem nozzle holder, 607-air inlet ring hole, 608-air ring buffer zone, 609-water optical coupling cavity shell, 610-water cavity sealing lens, 611-ring buffer zone, 612-sealing ring I, 613-annular columnar air jet, 614-air inlet, 615-air flow nozzle mounting and dismounting hole, 616-nozzle retainer diversion hole, 617-sealing ring II and 618-sealing ring III.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water-optical coupling alignment cutting head with variable curvature focusing beam column lens comprises a laser fiber connector (101), a beam expanding collimating lens group component (1020), a beam splitter component (1030), a variable curvature focusing beam column lens component (1040), a water-optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) and a water-optical coupling cavity component (6) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence, and the left side comprises a CCD camera (109), a light filter component (1080), an attenuation sheet component (1070) and a holophote component (1060) which are arranged from top to bottom in sequence; the laser fiber connector (101) is an annular cylinder, a laser fiber connector light guide hole for laser transmission is formed in the laser fiber connector (101), an optical fiber is connected to the upper end of the laser fiber connector (101), the beam expanding and collimating lens group component (1020) is connected to the lower portion of the laser fiber connector, a beam expanding and collimating lens group light guide hole for laser transmission is formed in the beam expanding and collimating lens group component (1020), and a beam splitter component (1030) is arranged below the beam expanding and collimating lens group component; the variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) is internally provided with a variable curvature focusing light column lens (104), and the variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) is arranged below the beam splitter component (1030); a beam splitter (103) in a beam splitter part (1030) and the axis of a variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) form an included angle of 45 degrees, the beam splitter (103) and a total reflector (106) are installed in parallel, a CCD camera adjusting knob (105) is installed at the lower left of the total reflector part (1060), a filter part (1070) is installed right above the total reflector part (1060), and a filter (107) is installed in the filter part (1070); an attenuation sheet component (1080) is arranged above the filter component (1070), and an attenuation sheet (108) is arranged in the attenuation sheet component (1080); the CCD camera (109) is installed above the attenuation sheet component (1080); the CCD camera (109) is in a cube shape, and a connecting port is formed in the upper wall; the CCD camera (109), the attenuation sheet member (1080), the filter member (1070), and the total reflection mirror member (1060) are mounted on the same vertical line in this order from top to bottom.
As shown in fig. 4, laser emitted by a laser (1) enters an optical fiber to form an optical fiber laser beam (2), passes through a beam expanding collimating lens group (102) and a spectroscope (103), reaches a curvature-variable focusing light column lens (104), penetrates through the laser beam of the curvature focusing light column lens (104), enters a water optical coupling cavity component (6), is focused into a focusing light column (111) formed by a plurality of focusing points from top to bottom along the axial lead of a light guide water jet (8), is then diverged and emitted to the inner surface of the light guide water jet (8), and is then transmitted to the surface of a workpiece to be processed (9) along the light guide water jet (8) through total reflection, so that the workpiece to be processed (8) is processed; light reflected back from the water optical coupling cavity component (6) through the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) is reflected by the spectroscope (103) and the holophote (106), then passes through the optical filter (108) and the attenuation sheet (107) to reach the CCD camera (109), and is finely adjusted by the CCD camera adjusting knob (105), meanwhile, a clear laser spot circle center can be seen on a display screen of the CCD camera (109) and is approximately on a central cross line, and the alignment condition of a laser beam emitted into the water optical coupling cavity component (6) from the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) and a light guide water jet water column (8) can be seen by the CCD camera (109).
5-8, the water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) comprises a connecting inner cylinder (501), a transmission sliding cylinder (502), an X-direction adjusting knob (503), an X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (504), an outer sliding sleeve (505), an inner sliding sleeve (506), a Y-direction adjusting knob (507), a Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (508), a Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509), a 511-X-direction compression spring, a 512-Y-direction compression spring, a 513-key and the like; the lower cylinder of the connecting inner cylinder (501), the upper cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) and the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) are cylindrical hollow structures, the outer diameter of the upper cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower cylinder of the connecting inner cylinder (501), the transmission sliding cylinder and the lower cylinder belong to clearance fit, the upper part of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is connected with the outer cylinder of the inner cylinder (501), and the lower part of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is connected with the outer cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502); the connecting inner cylinder (501) is connected with a variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) at the upper part through a screw at the upper part of the connecting inner cylinder, the outer walls of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) are provided with key grooves, keys (513) are placed in the key grooves, and the key grooves and the keys (513) ensure that the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) cannot generate relative rotation; the outer wall of the connecting inner cylinder (501) is provided with a positive external thread, the outer wall of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is provided with a negative external thread, and the outer sides of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) are provided with a Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509); the upper part of the inner wall of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is provided with a positive internal thread, and the lower part of the inner wall of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve is provided with a reverse internal thread; the relative movement of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is realized through the rotation of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509), so that the Z-axis adjustment of the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is realized, and the linear distance between the variable-curvature focusing light column lens (104) and the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is adjusted; the lower part of the transmission sliding barrel (502), the outer sliding sleeve (505) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) are all cylindrical hollow structures, and two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504) pass through the transmission sliding barrel (502), the outer sliding sleeve (505) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) on the same horizontal plane in the X direction and are used as guide rails for relative movement between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506); one of the matching holes of the X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (504), the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) is in interference fit, and the other is in clearance fit; a screw rod of the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is positioned on the same horizontal plane with the two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504) and an X-direction compression spring (511) on the other side of the inner sliding sleeve (506), and the X-direction compression spring (511) is arranged between the transmission sliding sleeve (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506); a threaded hole is formed in the transmission sliding barrel (502), and a blind hole is formed in the outer wall of the inner sliding sleeve (506) and used for mounting an X-direction compression spring (511); one side of the inner sliding sleeve (506) is contacted with the front end of a screw rod of the X-direction adjusting knob (503), and the other side presses the X-direction compression spring (511); the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is connected with the transmission sliding barrel (502) through a screw rod; rotating an X-direction adjusting knob (503) to control the front end of the screw rod to stretch; when the adjusting knob (503) in the X direction is rotated clockwise, the inner sliding sleeve (506) moves along the negative direction of the X axis; when the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is rotated anticlockwise, the inner sliding sleeve (506) moves along the positive direction of the X axis under the pushing of the counterforce of the X-direction compression spring (511), so that the movement of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) along the positive and negative directions of the X axis is controlled; the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508) are pairwise parallel on the same horizontal plane in the Y direction, symmetrically penetrate through the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505) in the front-back direction and are used as guide rails for relative movement between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505); the Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (508) is in interference fit with the matching hole of the outer sliding sleeve (505) and is in clearance fit with the matching hole of the transmission sliding barrel (502); a screw rod of a Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is positioned on the same horizontal plane with the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508) and a Y-direction compression spring (512) on the other side of the transmission sliding barrel (502), and the Y-direction compression spring (512) is arranged between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505); the outer wall of the transmission sliding barrel (502) is provided with a blind hole, and the outer sliding sleeve (505) is provided with a threaded hole for installing a Y-direction compression spring (512); the outer wall of one side of the transmission sliding barrel (502) is contacted with the front end of a screw rod of a Y-direction adjusting knob (507), and the outer wall of the other side presses a Y-direction compression spring (512); the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is connected with the outer sliding sleeve (505) through a screw rod; a Y-direction adjusting knob (507) controls the front end of the screw to stretch and contract and controls the transmission sliding barrel (502) to move along the positive and negative directions of the Y axis, so that the movement of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) along the positive and negative directions of the Y axis is controlled; when the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is rotated clockwise, the transmission sliding cylinder (502) moves along the positive direction of the Y axis; when the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is rotated anticlockwise, the transmission sliding barrel (502) moves along the negative direction of the Y axis under the pushing of the counterforce of the Y-direction compression spring (512); the inner wall of the lower part of the inner sliding sleeve (506) is provided with an annular female buckle for connecting the water optical coupling cavity component (6); the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508), the two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504), the X-direction adjusting knob (503), the Y-direction adjusting knob (507), the X-direction compression spring (511) and the Y-direction compression spring (512) are in the same plane; the displacement adjustment control of the X axis and the Y axis of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) is realized in the same plane where the X axis and the Y axis are positioned; 4 outer sliding sleeve through-holes (510) are stopped up with the rubber buffer at ordinary times, prevent dust and steam entering.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the water-optical coupling cavity component (6) includes a positioning ball (601), a high-pressure water connector (602), a high-pressure gas connector (603), a water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604), a water jet jewel nozzle (605), a water jet jewel nozzle holder (606), a gas inlet ring hole (607), a gas annular buffer area (608), a water-optical coupling cavity housing (609), a water cavity sealing lens (610), a first sealing ring (612), an annular columnar gas nozzle (613), a gas jet nozzle mounting and dismounting hole (615), a second sealing ring (617), a third sealing ring (618), and the like; a rotary trefoil structure buckle is arranged on the outer side of the upper part of a water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604), and is connected with an annular female buckle on an inner sliding sleeve (506) through the buckle, and the position of a three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) of a water optical coupling cavity is positioned through a positioning ball (601); a water cavity sealing mirror groove is formed below the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604) and used for mounting a water cavity sealing mirror piece (610); the outer side of the upper part of the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604) is connected with a water-light coupling cavity shell (609) through threads, and a high-pressure water connector (602) and a high-pressure air connector (603) are installed on the left side plane part of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609); the right side of the high-pressure water connector (602) is connected with the annular buffer area (611) through a water inlet channel; the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) is positioned at the lower part of the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) and is fixed in the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) through threads; a nozzle holder guide hole (616) is formed in the water jet gem nozzle holder (606), a water jet gem nozzle (605) is installed at the top of the nozzle holder guide hole (616), and a cylindrical nozzle is formed in the middle of the water jet gem nozzle (605); the outer wall of the middle part of the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) is provided with a gas inlet annular hole (607), the high-pressure gas connector (603) is connected with the gas inlet annular hole (607) through a gas inlet channel, the gas inlet annular hole (607) is connected with a gas annular buffer area (608) through 4 gas inlets (614), and an annular columnar gas nozzle (613) is connected below the gas annular buffer area (608).
The high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head of the variable-curvature focusing light column lens comprises the following specific adjusting steps:
1. assembling: the water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting part (5) is connected to the variable-curvature focusing light column lens part (1040) through a bolt; the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is connected to the water-light coupling cavity three-coordinate moving adjusting component (5) through a buckle structure, so that a light guide hole of the laser fiber connector (101), a light guide hole of the beam expanding collimating lens group component (1020), a light guide hole of the water-light coupling cavity three-coordinate moving adjusting component (5), a light guide hole of the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (606), and a light guide hole of the water jet gem nozzle (605) are communicated with each other and are all on the same vertical axis.
2. Alignment: the power supply of a CCD camera display and the power supply of a laser are switched on, and the fine adjustment of an X axis and a Y axis is controlled by a water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting part (5) so that a variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) and a water optical coupling cavity part (6) are approximately on the same axial line; opening a water-jet guided laser alignment program, setting infrared rays emitted by laser, simultaneously, observing that the circle center of a water jet gem nozzle (605) is approximately on a central cross line on a display screen of a CCD camera (109), and finely adjusting an adjusting knob (105) of the CCD camera until the circle center of the water jet gem nozzle (605) on the CCD camera is on the central cross line to finish the adjustment of a visual system of the CCD camera (109); adjusting the water pressure to make the water jet gem nozzle (605) spray stable water column, opening the water jet laser alignment program, setting the laser power, laser frequency, laser pulse width and laser emission time, normally operating the laser, the alignment condition of the laser beam emitted into the water optical coupling cavity component (6) from the variable-curvature focusing light column lens (104) and the light guide water jet water column (8) can be observed on the display of the CCD camera (109), and the relative positions of the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) and the variable-curvature focusing light column lens (104) in the water optical coupling cavity component (6) are adjusted to ensure that the focusing light column and the water jet gem nozzle (605) are coaxial, and the laser and the upper surface of the water jet gem nozzle (605) are not interfered, and the high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser accurate coupling alignment of the variable-curvature focusing light column lens is realized.
3. Processing: adjusting the high-pressure water to a set pressure, and jetting high-pressure water jet; opening high-pressure gas, and ejecting high-pressure gas flow from the annular columnar gas ejection port (613); turning on the laser (1), and adjusting the power of the laser to a set value; the high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water-optical coupling of the variable-curvature focusing light column lens is adjusted and controlled to align the position of the cutting head and the surface of the processed workpiece, and the high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser moves along the surface of the workpiece, so that the water-guided laser processing of the processed workpiece is realized.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the embodiments described above without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The high-power no gas explosion water-conducting laser water optical coupling of variable curvature focus light column lens aims at the cutting head, its characterized in that: the device comprises a variable-curvature focusing light column lens component (1040), a laser fiber connector (101), a beam expanding collimating lens group component (1020), a beam splitter component (1030), a CCD camera adjusting knob (105), a holophote component (1060), an attenuation piece component (1070), a light filter component (1080), a CCD camera (109), a water-light coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5), a water-light coupling cavity component (6) and the like; laser forms a plurality of focusing points through a variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) in a variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040), the focusing points are uniformly distributed along the axial lead of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104), and a focusing light column (111) is formed firstly; the relative position of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) and the water optical coupling cavity component (6) is adjusted by the water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component, so that a focusing light column (111) formed by the laser through the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) is coaxial with the central line of a water jet gem nozzle holder (606) in the water optical coupling cavity component (6), the interference between the laser and the upper surface of a water jet gem nozzle (605) is avoided, the laser passes through a corresponding focusing point on the focusing light column (111), is then dispersed and emitted to the inner surface of a light guide water jet water column (8), and is then conducted along the inner part of the light guide water jet (8) through total reflection.
2. The high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head with the variable curvature focusing light column lens according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the curvature radius of the spherical surface of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) changes from large to small from the top to the edge of the spherical surface, the spherical surface with the largest curvature radius is positioned at the intersection point of the lens axis and the spherical surface, namely the top of the spherical surface, the farther the distance from the axis, the smaller the curvature radius of the spherical surface, and the spherical surface with the smallest curvature radius is positioned at the edge of the spherical surface of the lens; the radius of curvature of the spherical surface at the edge position of the lens is minimum, and the laser passes through a focusing point formed by the edge of the variable-curvature focusing light column lens (104) and is closest to the bottom surface of the lens; the radius of curvature of the spherical surface at the top of the lens is the largest, and the laser passes through a focusing point formed at the top of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) and is farthest from the bottom surface of the lens.
3. The high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head with the variable curvature focusing light column lens according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the laser fiber connector (101) is an annular cylinder, a light guide hole for laser transmission is formed in the laser fiber connector (101), the upper end of the laser fiber connector (101) is connected with an optical fiber, and the lower part of the laser fiber connector is connected with a beam expanding collimating lens group component (1020); a light transmission and guide hole for laser transmission, and concave lenses and convex lenses which are distributed up and down are arranged in the beam expanding and collimating lens group component (1020); a beam splitter component (1030) is arranged below the beam expanding and collimating lens component (1020), and a beam splitter (103) is arranged in the beam splitter component (1030); the variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) is internally provided with a variable curvature focusing light column lens (104), and the variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) is arranged below the beam splitter component (1030); the lower part of the variable-curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) is connected with a water-light coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) through a bolt, and the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is connected with the upper water-light coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) through a buckle structure; the spectroscope (103) and the axis of the variable curvature focusing light column lens (104) form an included angle of 45 degrees; a total reflection mirror part (1060) is arranged on the left side of the beam splitter part (1030), a total reflection mirror (106) is arranged in the total reflection mirror part (1060), and the total reflection mirror (106) and the beam splitter (103) are arranged in parallel; the CCD camera adjusting knob (105) is installed at the lower left of the holophote component (1060), a filter component (1070) is installed right above the holophote component (1060), and a filter (107) is installed in the filter component (1070); an attenuation sheet component (1080) is arranged above the filter component (1070), and an attenuation sheet (108) is arranged in the attenuation sheet component (1080); the CCD camera (109) is arranged above the attenuation sheet component (1080), the CCD camera (109) is in a square shape, and a connecting port is formed in the upper wall of the CCD camera; the CCD camera (109), the attenuation sheet component (1080), the filter component (1070) and the total reflection mirror component (1060) are sequentially arranged on the same vertical line from top to bottom; the device comprises a laser fiber connector (101), a beam expanding and collimating lens group component (1020), a beam splitter component (1030), a variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) and a water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5), wherein the water optical coupling cavity component (6) is sequentially arranged on the same vertical line from top to bottom.
The water optical coupling cavity three-coordinate movement adjusting part (5) comprises a connecting inner cylinder (501), a transmission sliding cylinder (502), an X-direction adjusting knob (503), an X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (504), an outer sliding sleeve (505), an inner sliding sleeve (506), a Y-direction adjusting knob (507), a Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (508), a Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509), a 511-X-direction compression spring, a 512-Y-direction compression spring, a 513-key and the like;
the lower cylinder of the connecting inner cylinder (501), the upper cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) and the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) are cylindrical hollow structures, the outer diameter of the upper cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower cylinder of the connecting inner cylinder (501), the transmission sliding cylinder and the lower cylinder belong to clearance fit, the upper part of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is connected with the outer cylinder of the inner cylinder (501), and the lower part of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is connected with the outer cylinder of the transmission sliding cylinder (502);
the connecting inner cylinder (501) is connected with a variable curvature focusing light column lens component (1040) at the upper part through a screw at the upper part of the connecting inner cylinder, the outer walls of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) are provided with key grooves, keys (513) are placed in the key grooves, and the key grooves and the keys (513) ensure that the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) cannot generate relative rotation; the outer wall of the connecting inner cylinder (501) is provided with a positive external thread, the outer wall of the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is provided with a negative external thread, and the outer sides of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) are provided with a Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509); the upper part of the inner wall of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509) is provided with a positive internal thread, and the lower part of the inner wall of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve is provided with a reverse internal thread; the relative movement of the connecting inner cylinder (501) and the transmission sliding cylinder (502) is realized through the rotation of the Z-axis adjusting sleeve (509), so that the Z-axis adjustment of the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is realized, and the linear distance between the variable-curvature focusing light column lens (104) and the water-light coupling cavity component (6) is adjusted;
the lower part of the transmission sliding barrel (502), the outer sliding sleeve (505) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) are all cylindrical hollow structures, and two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504) pass through the transmission sliding barrel (502), the outer sliding sleeve (505) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) on the same horizontal plane in the X direction and are used as guide rails for relative movement between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506); one of the matching holes of the X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (504), the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506) is in interference fit, and the other is in clearance fit; a screw rod of the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is positioned on the same horizontal plane with the two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504) and an X-direction compression spring (511) on the other side of the inner sliding sleeve (506); the X-direction compression spring (511) is arranged between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the inner sliding sleeve (506); a threaded hole is formed in the transmission sliding barrel (502), and a blind hole is formed in the outer wall of the inner sliding sleeve (506) and used for mounting an X-direction compression spring (511); one side of the inner sliding sleeve (506) is contacted with the front end of a screw rod of the X-direction adjusting knob (503), and the other side presses the X-direction compression spring (511);
the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is connected with the transmission sliding barrel (502) through a screw rod; rotating an X-direction adjusting knob (503) to control the front end of the screw rod to stretch; when the adjusting knob (503) in the X direction is rotated clockwise, the inner sliding sleeve (506) moves along the negative direction of the X axis; when the X-direction adjusting knob (503) is rotated anticlockwise, the inner sliding sleeve (506) moves along the positive direction of the X axis under the pushing of the counterforce of the X-direction compression spring (511), so that the movement of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) along the positive and negative directions of the X axis is controlled;
the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508) are pairwise parallel on the same horizontal plane in the Y direction, symmetrically penetrate through the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505) in the front-back direction and are used as guide rails for relative movement between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505); the Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rail (508) is in interference fit with the matching hole of the outer sliding sleeve (505) and is in clearance fit with the matching hole of the transmission sliding barrel (502); a screw rod of a Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is positioned on the same horizontal plane with the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508) and a Y-direction compression spring (512) on the other side of the transmission sliding barrel (502), and the Y-direction compression spring (512) is arranged between the transmission sliding barrel (502) and the outer sliding sleeve (505); the outer wall of the transmission sliding barrel (502) is provided with a blind hole, and the outer sliding sleeve (505) is provided with a threaded hole for installing a Y-direction compression spring (512); the outer wall of one side of the transmission sliding barrel (502) is contacted with the front end of a screw rod of a Y-direction adjusting knob (507), and the outer wall of the other side presses a Y-direction compression spring (512);
the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is connected with the outer sliding sleeve (505) through a screw rod; a Y-direction adjusting knob (507) controls the front end of the screw to stretch and contract and controls the transmission sliding barrel (502) to move along the positive and negative directions of the Y axis, so that the movement of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) along the positive and negative directions of the Y axis is controlled; when the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is rotated clockwise, the transmission sliding cylinder (502) moves along the positive direction of the Y axis; when the Y-direction adjusting knob (507) is rotated anticlockwise, the transmission sliding barrel (502) moves along the negative direction of the Y axis under the pushing of the counterforce of the Y-direction compression spring (512); the inner wall of the lower part of the inner sliding sleeve (506) is provided with an annular female buckle for connecting the water optical coupling cavity component (6);
the four Y-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (508), the two X-direction cylindrical transmission guide rails (504), the X-direction adjusting knob (503), the Y-direction adjusting knob (507), the X-direction compression spring (511) and the Y-direction compression spring (512) are in the same plane; the displacement adjustment control of the X axis and the Y axis of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) is realized in the same plane where the X axis and the Y axis are positioned;
the water-optical coupling cavity component (6) comprises a positioning ball (601), a high-pressure water connector (602), a high-pressure gas connector (603), a water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604), a water jet jewel nozzle (605), a water jet jewel nozzle holder (606), a gas inlet ring hole (607), a gas annular buffer area (608), a water-optical coupling cavity shell (609), a water cavity sealing mirror (610), a first sealing ring (612), an annular columnar gas nozzle (613), a gas jet nozzle mounting and dismounting hole (615), a second sealing ring (617), a third sealing ring (618) and the like; a rotary trefoil structure buckle is arranged on the outer side of the upper part of a water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604), and is connected with an annular female buckle on an inner sliding sleeve (506) through the buckle, and the position of a three-coordinate movement adjusting component (5) of a water optical coupling cavity is positioned through a positioning ball (601); a water cavity sealing mirror groove is formed below the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604) and used for mounting a water cavity sealing mirror piece (610); the outer side of the upper part of the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604) is connected with a water-light coupling cavity shell (609) through threads, and a high-pressure water connector (602) and a high-pressure air connector (603) are installed on the left side plane part of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609); the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) is positioned at the lower part of the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) and is fixed in the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) through threads; a nozzle holder guide hole (616) is formed in the water jet gem nozzle holder (606), a water jet gem nozzle (605) is installed at the top of the nozzle holder guide hole (616), and a cylindrical nozzle is formed in the middle of the water jet gem nozzle (605);
the outer wall of the middle part of the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) is provided with a gas inlet annular hole (607), the high-pressure gas connector (603) is connected with the gas inlet annular hole (607) through a gas inlet channel, the gas inlet annular hole (607) is connected with a gas annular buffer area (608) through 4 gas inlets (614), and an annular columnar gas nozzle (613) is connected below the gas annular buffer area (608).
4. The high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head with the variable curvature focusing light column lens according to claim 1, is characterized in that: a water cavity sealing mirror groove is formed below the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604), and a sealing ring and a water cavity sealing mirror piece (610) are arranged in the water cavity sealing mirror groove; the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) is provided with a water jet gem nozzle (605) mounting blind hole, and the water jet gem nozzle holder (606) and the cylindrical water jet gem nozzle (605) are mounted in an interference fit manner; the circular nozzle of the water jet gem nozzle (605) and the diversion hole below the circular nozzle are on the same axis, the inner diameter of the circular nozzle of the water jet gem nozzle (605) is small, and the inner diameter of the diversion hole below the circular nozzle is large; the water jet jewel nozzle holder (606) and the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) are sealed through a second sealing ring (617), and high-pressure water is prevented from leaking from the lower part of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) through a gap between the water jet jewel nozzle holder (606) and the water optical coupling cavity shell (609); the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) and the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604) are sealed through a sealing ring III (618), and high-pressure water is prevented from leaking from the upper part of the water optical coupling cavity component (6) through a gap between the water optical coupling cavity shell (609) and the water cavity sealing mirror support frame (604).
5. The high-power gas explosion-free water-guided laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head with the variable curvature focusing light column lens according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the left side of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609) is provided with a high-pressure water connector (602), deionized water enters an annular buffer area (611) through a water inlet channel, enters the deionized water of the annular buffer area (611), enters a cavity above the water jet gem nozzle holding frame (606) along a flow channel between the side surface of a cylinder at the upper part of the annular buffer area (611) and the inner wall of a hole of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609) under the action of pressure, and then is ejected from a circular nozzle of the water jet gem nozzle (605) to form a fine high-pressure water jet; a high-pressure gas connector (603) is arranged on the left side of the water-light coupling cavity shell (609), high-pressure gas enters a gas inlet ring hole (607) through a gas inlet channel and then enters a gas annular buffer area (608) through 4 gas inlets (614), and is ejected out of an annular columnar gas nozzle (613) under the action of high pressure to blow away accumulated water on the surface of a workpiece to be processed; the water jet jewel nozzle holder (606) and the water light coupling cavity shell (609) are sealed through a first sealing ring (612), and high-pressure air flow is prevented from leaking from the lower part of the water light coupling cavity component (6) through a gap between the water jet jewel nozzle holder (606) and the water light coupling cavity shell (609).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111116155.8A CN113634920A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | High-power gas explosion-free water-guide laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head of variable-curvature focusing light column lens |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111116155.8A CN113634920A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | High-power gas explosion-free water-guide laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head of variable-curvature focusing light column lens |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113634920A true CN113634920A (en) | 2021-11-12 |
Family
ID=78426083
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111116155.8A Withdrawn CN113634920A (en) | 2021-09-23 | 2021-09-23 | High-power gas explosion-free water-guide laser water optical coupling alignment cutting head of variable-curvature focusing light column lens |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113634920A (en) |
-
2021
- 2021-09-23 CN CN202111116155.8A patent/CN113634920A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20211112 |