CN113623095A

CN113623095A - Air filter outlet pipe structure and automobile

Info

Publication number: CN113623095A
Application number: CN202110894250.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨德银; 任平; 许志宝; 汤海娟; 吴孟兵; 温敏; 张建伟; 吴全军
Original assignee: Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Corp
Current assignee: Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Corp
Priority date: 2021-08-04
Filing date: 2021-08-04
Publication date: 2021-11-09

Abstract

The invention discloses an air filter air outlet pipe structure and an automobile, which comprise a silencer and a connecting sleeve made of elastic materials, wherein a gas channel is formed in the silencer, the silencer is convexly provided with an air outlet pipe communicated with the gas channel, and at least part of pipe wall of the air outlet pipe is movably arranged in the direction close to and far away from the center of the air outlet pipe; the connecting sleeve cladding in the inside wall and the lateral wall of outlet duct, the connecting sleeve including the cladding in the interior linkage segment of the inside wall of outlet duct and cladding in the outer linkage segment of the lateral wall of outlet duct, interior linkage segment with outer linkage segment is connected. According to the invention, the connecting sleeve is arranged between the silencer and the supercharger, so that a section of hose structure is omitted, and the cabin sending space is saved, so that a large-volume high-frequency silencer is designed, and the requirement of reducing the broadband noise of the supercharger is met.

Description

Air filter outlet pipe structure and automobile

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile manufacturing, in particular to an air outlet pipe structure of an air filter and an automobile.

Background

The empty filter outlet duct of car is the part of connecting air cleaner and engine, adopts single-section hose structure usually, if whole car matches supercharged engine, generally need increase the high frequency muffler on empty filter outlet duct, then empty filter outlet duct adopts the combination of three-section: hose I + high frequency muffler + hose II, air cleaner and high frequency muffler are connected to hose I, hose II is connected high frequency muffler and engine air inlet, both ends adopt the hose construction to ensure to satisfy sealed requirement, because high frequency muffler arranges between two sections rubber tubes, high frequency muffler volume receives the restriction, a space utilization for designing muffler resonant cavity structure is low, the resonant cavity of corresponding design is small in quantity, the high frequency amortization frequency channel that aims at is narrow, often can not satisfy the wide band section high frequency noise requirement that subducts engine supercharger production, cause whole car sound quality poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide an air filter outlet pipe structure and an automobile, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the volume of a high-frequency silencer is limited, the space utilization rate for designing a resonance cavity structure of the silencer is low, and the requirement for reducing the wide-frequency-band high-frequency noise generated by an engine supercharger cannot be met, so that the sound quality of the whole automobile is poor.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an air outlet pipe structure of an air filter, including:

the silencer is provided with a gas channel inside, the silencer is convexly provided with a gas outlet pipe communicated with the gas channel, and at least part of pipe wall of the gas outlet pipe is movably arranged in the direction close to and far away from the center of the gas outlet pipe; and the number of the first and second groups,

the adapter sleeve that the elasticity material was made, the adapter sleeve cladding in the inside wall and the lateral wall of outlet duct, the adapter sleeve including the cladding in the interior linkage segment and the cladding of the inside wall of outlet duct in the outer linkage segment of the lateral wall of outlet duct, interior linkage segment with outer linkage segment is connected.

Optionally, the adapter sleeve has relative first end and the second end that sets up, the first end of adapter sleeve is equipped with the mounting groove, the mounting groove cup joints on the outlet duct, so that the mounting groove is located the inslot lateral wall in the outlet duct constitutes interior linkage segment and the mounting groove is located the groove lateral wall outside the outlet duct constitutes the outer linkage segment.

Optionally, the end face of the pipe orifice end of the outlet pipe is recessed with a plurality of grooves, each groove penetrates through the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the outlet pipe, the plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outlet pipe, a movable pipe wall is formed between every two adjacent grooves and located in the mounting groove, and the movable pipe wall is used for elastically stretching and retracting in the direction close to and away from the center of the outlet pipe under the action of external force.

Optionally, a stop surface arranged towards the gas passage is formed on the inner side wall of the inner connecting section, and the stop surface is used for abutting against a boss on the periphery of the air inlet of the supercharger so as to limit the air inlet of the supercharger from being separated from the port of the connecting sleeve.

Optionally, a wall surface of the inner connecting section, which is connected to the retaining surface, is gradually inclined inward in a direction approaching the first end.

Optionally, the distance from the groove bottom of the groove to the second end of the inner connecting section is L1, the distance from the stop face to the second end of the inner connecting section is L2, and the distance from the first end to the second end of the inner connecting section is L3, wherein L2< L1< L3.

Optionally, the lateral wall of outlet duct protruding be equipped with a plurality of anticreep arch, it is a plurality of the anticreep is protruding to be followed the extending direction interval of outlet duct is laid, and is a plurality of the anticreep arch with the lateral wall butt of adapter sleeve, in order to restrict the adapter sleeve certainly the mouth of pipe end of outlet duct is gone out and is broken away from.

Optionally, the lateral wall of adapter sleeve is protruding to be equipped with first sealed arch and second sealed arch, first sealed arch with the lateral wall butt of outlet duct, the sealed arch of second is used for the periphery butt with the air inlet of booster, so that the adapter sleeve respectively with the sealed cooperation of air inlet of outlet duct and booster.

Optionally, empty filter outlet duct structure still includes the clamp, the clamp cover is located the periphery of adapter sleeve.

The invention further provides an automobile which comprises the air filter outlet pipe structure in the technical scheme.

In the technical scheme of the invention, the silencer is provided with a gas passage for silencing, the silencer is convexly provided with an air outlet pipe communicated with the gas passage, the air outlet pipe is used for connecting with an air inlet of a supercharger, the connecting sleeve covers the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the air outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe is connected with the air inlet of the supercharger through the connecting sleeve, the inner connecting section is sleeved on the periphery of the air inlet of the supercharger to ensure that the air outlet pipe is in sealing fit with the supercharger, the outer connecting section is sleeved on the periphery of the air outlet pipe, the pipe wall of the air outlet pipe can move in the direction close to and far away from the center of the air outlet pipe, the connecting sleeve is made of elastic material to ensure that the outer connecting section can extrude the air outlet pipe to ensure that the air outlet pipe contracts inwards, the inner connecting section is tightly attached to the air inlet of the supercharger, and the sealing effect is further improved, a section of hose structure is cancelled, the cabin sending space is saved, and a high-frequency silencer with large volume is designed, so that the requirement of reducing the broadband noise of the supercharger is met.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an air outlet structure of an air filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the muffler of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the outlet tube portion of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the connecting sleeve in fig. 1;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the silencer and the connecting sleeve of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the connection between the connection sleeve and the outlet pipe and the supercharger in fig. 7.

The reference numbers illustrate:

the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back … …) are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components, the movement situation, and the like in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

In view of this, the main objective of the present invention is to provide an air filter outlet pipe structure and an automobile, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the volume of a high-frequency silencer is limited, the space utilization rate for designing a resonance cavity structure of the silencer is low, and the requirement of reducing the wide-band high-frequency noise generated by an engine supercharger cannot be met, so that the sound quality of the whole automobile is poor, and fig. 1 to 8 are embodiments of the air filter outlet pipe structure provided by the present invention.

The air filter air outlet pipe structure comprises a silencer 1 and a connecting sleeve 2 made of elastic materials, a gas passage is formed in the silencer 1, an air outlet pipe 12 communicated with the gas passage is convexly arranged on the silencer 1, and at least part of pipe wall of the air outlet pipe 12 can be movably arranged in the direction close to and far away from the center of the air outlet pipe 12; the connecting sleeve 2 is coated on the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the air outlet pipe 12, the connecting sleeve 2 comprises an inner connecting section 21 coated on the inner side wall of the air outlet pipe 12 and an outer connecting section 22 coated on the outer side wall of the air outlet pipe 12, and the inner connecting section 21 is connected with the outer connecting section 22.

In the technical scheme of the invention, a gas channel for silencing is formed on a silencer 1, an air outlet pipe 12 communicated with the gas channel is convexly arranged on the silencer 1, the air outlet pipe 12 is used for connecting with an air inlet of a supercharger, a connecting sleeve 2 is coated on the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the air outlet pipe 12, the air outlet pipe 12 is connected with the air inlet of the supercharger through the connecting sleeve 2, an inner connecting section 21 is sleeved on the periphery of the air inlet of the supercharger to enable the air outlet pipe 12 to be in sealing fit with the supercharger, an outer connecting section 22 is sleeved on the periphery of the air outlet pipe 12, the pipe wall of the air outlet pipe 12 can move in the direction close to and far away from the center of the air outlet pipe 12, the connecting sleeve 2 is made of elastic material, the outer connecting section 22 can extrude the air outlet pipe 12 to enable the air outlet pipe 12 to shrink inwards, and the inner connecting section 21 is tightly attached to the air inlet of the supercharger, the sealing effect is further improved, the connecting sleeve 2 is arranged between the silencer 1 and the supercharger, a section of hose 4 structure is omitted, cabin space is saved, the high-frequency silencer 1 with large volume is designed, and therefore the requirement for reducing the broadband noise of the supercharger is met.

The material, size and shape of the outlet tube 12 are not limited in this design, and in general, the outlet tube 12 is made of PA6+ GF30, and has a wall thickness of 3mm, and is generally in the shape of a circular tube as a whole.

For the sake of understanding, in the following embodiments, the outlet pipe 12 is illustrated as being in a circular tube shape.

Specifically, adapter sleeve 2 has relative first end and the second end that sets up, adapter sleeve 2's first end is equipped with mounting groove 23, mounting groove 23 cup joints on outlet duct 12, so that mounting groove 23 is located the inslot lateral wall in outlet duct 12 constitutes interior linkage segment 21 and mounting groove 23 is located the outer groove lateral wall of outlet duct 12 constitutes outer linkage segment 22, the linkage segment certainly the second section cup joints in the air inlet of booster.

Specifically, the port of outlet duct 12 is close to gas passage's part is followed outlet duct 12 extending direction is sunken to have a sealing end face, the inside wall of the first end of interior linkage segment 21 is inwards protruding to be equipped with sealed boss, one side of sealed boss with sealing end face butt, the opposite side is used for forming first sealing with the terminal surface butt of the air inlet of booster, avoids producing the clearance between the two, prevents that gaseous from this outside loss.

Specifically, in order to enable at least a part of the tube wall of the outlet tube 12 to move in a direction close to and away from the center of the outlet tube 12, the end surface of the tube opening end of the outlet tube 12 is recessed with a plurality of grooves 121, each groove 121 penetrates through the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the outlet tube 12, the plurality of grooves 121 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outlet tube 12, wherein a movable tube wall is formed between every two adjacent grooves 121, the movable tube wall is located in the mounting groove 23, the movable tube wall is used for being elastically and telescopically arranged in a direction close to and away from the center of the outlet tube 12 under an external force, that is, the outlet tube 12 is provided with a plurality of grooves 121 on the tube wall, so that the port part of the outlet tube 12 has opening and closing elasticity, and can be elastically contracted inwards and expanded.

Further, the groove bottom of the groove 121 is arc-shaped, so that the processing is facilitated.

Further, the number of the grooves 121 is not limited as long as the outlet tube 12 can move, and in this embodiment, the number of the grooves 121 is eight.

Specifically, since the connection sleeve 2 is sleeved on the periphery of the air inlet of the supercharger, there is a risk of falling off, a stop surface 211 arranged towards the air passage is formed on the inner side wall of the inner connection section 21, the stop surface 211 is located at the first end of the inner connection section 21, and the stop surface 211 is used for abutting against a boss on the periphery of the air inlet of the supercharger, so that the air inlet of the supercharger can be effectively prevented from being separated from the port of the connection sleeve 2.

Further, the wall surface of the inner connecting section 21 connected to the stop surface 211 is gradually inclined inward in the direction close to the first end to form an accommodating groove, and the accommodating groove is matched with a boss on the periphery of the air inlet of the supercharger.

Further, the distance from the groove bottom of the groove 121 to the second end of the inner connecting section 21 is L1, the distance from the stopping surface 211 to the second end of the inner connecting section 21 is L2, and the distance from the first end to the second end of the inner connecting section 21 is L3, wherein L2< L1< L3, and by such an arrangement, not only can the sealing performance be ensured, but also the assembly is convenient.

Specifically, the protruding a plurality of anticreep arch 122 that are equipped with of lateral wall of outlet duct 12, each anticreep arch 122 is followed the periphery of outlet duct 12 is the setting of whole circle, and is a plurality of anticreep arch 122 is followed the extending direction interval of outlet duct 12 is laid, and is a plurality of anticreep arch 122 with the lateral wall butt of adapter sleeve 2, in order to restrict adapter sleeve 2 certainly the mouth of pipe end of outlet duct 12 is held and is broken away from.

Further, in this embodiment, two retaining protrusions 122 are provided.

Specifically, in order to further improve the sealing performance, a first sealing protrusion 212 and a second sealing protrusion 213 are convexly disposed on the side wall of the connection sleeve 2, the first sealing protrusion 212 abuts against the side wall of the air outlet pipe 12, the second sealing protrusion 213 abuts against the periphery of the air inlet of the supercharger, so that the connection sleeve 2 is respectively in sealing fit with the air inlet of the air outlet pipe 12 and the supercharger, in this embodiment, the first sealing protrusion 212 is located on the periphery of the inner connection section 21 and is arranged in a complete circle along the periphery of the inner connection section 21, the first sealing protrusion 212 is located at the first end of the inner connection section 21, the first sealing protrusion 212 abuts against the inner side wall of the air outlet pipe 12, the second sealing protrusion 213 is located on the inner side wall of the inner connection section 21 and is arranged in a complete circle along the inner side wall of the inner connection section 21, the second seal projection 213 abuts against the outer periphery of the supercharger to perform a sealing function.

Further, the first sealing protrusion 212 is provided in plurality, the second sealing protrusion 213 is provided in plurality, and in this embodiment, two first sealing protrusions 212 and two second sealing protrusions 213 are provided.

Specifically, empty filter outlet duct structure still includes clamp 3, 3 covers of clamp are located the periphery of adapter sleeve 2 can further compress through clamp 3 outlet duct 12 is favorable to improving the leakproofness.

Further, outer linkage segment 22 periphery is equipped with two spacing archs 221, two spacing archs 221 is followed the extending direction interval of adapter sleeve 2 is laid, clamp 3 is located two between the spacing archs 221, two spacing archs 221 is used for right clamp 3 is spacing.

More closely, the protruding two anticreep archs 122 that are equipped with of lateral wall of outlet duct 12, clamp 3 is located two between the anticreep arch 122, locking at clamp 3 the adapter sleeve 2 in, can further restrict adapter sleeve 2 certainly break away from on the outlet duct 12, increase joint strength.

Specifically, the process of assembling the outlet pipe 12 to the inlet of the supercharger is as follows, firstly, the connecting sleeve 2 is sleeved at the pipe orifice end of the outlet pipe 12, then, the outlet pipe 12 and the connecting sleeve 2 are sleeved at the inlet of the supercharger, so that the end surface of the first end of the inner connecting section 21 is attached to the sealing end surface of the outlet pipe 12, the boss at the periphery of the inlet of the supercharger is located in the accommodating groove and is limited by the blocking surface to be separated from the port of the connecting sleeve 2, and the sealing boss is pressed on the sealing end surface of the outlet pipe 12 by the inlet of the supercharger, so as to avoid a gap between the two and prevent gas from escaping, at this time, the outlet pipe 12 and the inlet of the supercharger are assembled in place, then, the clamp 3 is locked, the pipe wall of the outlet pipe 12 is inwardly contracted, so that the inner connecting section 21 is closely attached to the periphery of the outlet of the supercharger, and (5) finishing assembly. The booster air inlet will sealed boss extrusion forms first sealed, and set up on the adapter sleeve 2 sealed arch forms the second with the interference fit of booster air inlet periphery and says sealedly, prevents that gaseous outside leakage from the booster oral area, seals through twice, has guaranteed good sealing performance, has avoided the junction of outlet duct 12 and booster air inlet has gas leakage.

Specifically, the muffler 1 includes a first muffler 11, the first muffler 11 includes an outer shell 111 and an inner tube 112, the outer shell 111 has a cavity, the inner tube 112 has an air inlet end and an air outlet end, the inner tube 112 is located in the cavity, and two ends of the inner tube 112 respectively extend out of the cavity, the air outlet end of the inner tube 112 forms the air outlet tube 12, a tube cavity of the inner tube 112 forms the gas passage, the air inlet end of the inner tube 112 is used for connecting with the hose 4, a first muffling cavity is formed between the outer shell 111 and the inner tube 112, and the first muffling cavity is communicated with the gas passage.

Further, the first muffler 11 further includes a plurality of first partition plates 113, the plurality of first partition plates 113 are located in the first sound-deadening chamber to partition the first sound-deadening chamber into a plurality of first resonance chambers, and the plurality of first resonance chambers are partitioned along the extending direction of the inner pipe 112.

In this embodiment, four first partitions 113 are provided to divide the first sound-deadening chamber into five first resonance chambers.

Specifically, a first through hole is formed through a wall of the inner tube 112, and the first through hole is used for communicating the first muffling cavity with the gas channel.

The first through holes are multiple, the first resonance chambers are correspondingly provided with a plurality of first through holes, the number of the first through holes corresponding to each first resonance chamber is gradually increased, and the arrangement is such that different silencing center frequencies corresponding to the first resonance chambers are different, and superposition of multiple medium-high frequency noise frequency bands can be realized.

Specifically, the outlet pipe 12 is bent due to the limitation of the engine room space.

The silencer 1 further comprises a second silencer 13, the second silencer 13 is located at the bent position of the outlet pipe 12, the second silencer 13 is provided with a second silencing cavity, and the first silencing cavity is communicated with the gas channel.

Further, the second muffler 13 includes a housing 131 and a cover plate 132, both ends of which are disposed through, one end of the housing 131 is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe 12, the cover plate 132 is disposed at the other end of the housing 131, and the housing 131, the cover plate 132 and the outlet pipe 12 jointly enclose to form the second muffling cavity.

A second through hole is formed through the wall of the inner tube 112, and the second through hole is used for communicating the second silencing cavity with the gas channel.

The second muffler 13 further includes a plurality of second partitions 133, and the plurality of second partitions 133 partition the second sound deadening chamber to form a plurality of second resonance chambers. In this embodiment, two second partition boards 133 are provided to divide the second sound-deadening chamber into three second resonance chambers.

The air filter outlet pipe structure further comprises a hose 4, one end of the hose 4 is connected with an air outlet of the air filter in a sealing mode, and the other end of the hose 4 is connected with an air inlet of the first silencer 11 in a sealing mode.

The hose 4 is made of NBR + PVC, and the wall thickness of the hose 4 is 5 mm.

In addition, in order to achieve the purpose, the invention further provides an automobile which comprises the air filter air outlet pipe structure in the technical scheme. It should be noted that, for the detailed structure of the air outlet pipe structure of the air filter of the automobile, reference may be made to the above embodiment of the air outlet pipe structure of the air filter, and details are not described here; because the air filter outlet pipe structure is used in the automobile, the embodiment of the automobile comprises all technical schemes of all embodiments of the air filter outlet pipe structure, and the achieved technical effects are completely the same, and are not described again.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an empty filter outlet duct structure, its characterized in that, empty filter outlet duct structure includes:

2. The air filter outlet pipe structure according to claim 1, wherein the connecting sleeve has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first end of the connecting sleeve is provided with a mounting groove, and the mounting groove is sleeved on the outlet pipe, so that a side wall of the mounting groove located in the outlet pipe constitutes the inner connecting section, and a side wall of the mounting groove located outside the outlet pipe constitutes the outer connecting section.

3. The air filter outlet tube structure of claim 2, wherein the end face of the mouth end of the outlet tube is recessed with a plurality of grooves, each groove penetrates through the inner side wall and the outer side wall of the outlet tube, the plurality of grooves are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the outlet tube, wherein a movable tube wall is formed between every two adjacent grooves, the movable tube wall is located in the mounting groove, and the movable tube wall is elastically and telescopically arranged in a direction close to and away from the center of the outlet tube under the action of external force.

4. An air filter outlet pipe structure according to claim 3, wherein the inner side wall of the inner connecting section is formed with a stop surface disposed toward the air passage, and the stop surface is configured to abut against a boss on the periphery of the air inlet of the supercharger so as to limit the air inlet of the supercharger from being separated from the port of the connecting sleeve.

5. The air filter outlet pipe structure of claim 4, wherein the wall surface of the inner connecting section connected to the stop surface is inclined gradually inward in a direction approaching the first end.

6. The air filter outlet tube structure of claim 4, wherein the distance from the bottom of the groove to the second end of the inner connecting section is L1, the distance from the stop surface to the second end of the inner connecting section is L2, and the distance from the first end to the second end of the inner connecting section is L3, wherein L2< L1< L3.

7. The air outlet pipe structure of claim 1, wherein a plurality of anti-slip protrusions are convexly formed on a side wall of the air outlet pipe, the anti-slip protrusions are arranged at intervals along an extending direction of the air outlet pipe, and the anti-slip protrusions are abutted against the side wall of the connecting sleeve to limit the connecting sleeve from being separated from the end of the pipe orifice of the air outlet pipe.

8. An air outlet pipe structure of an air filter according to claim 1, wherein a first sealing protrusion and a second sealing protrusion are convexly provided on a side wall of the connecting sleeve, the first sealing protrusion abuts against a side wall of the air outlet pipe, and the second sealing protrusion abuts against the periphery of an air inlet of a supercharger, so that the connecting sleeve is in sealing fit with the air outlet pipe and the air inlet of the supercharger respectively.

9. The air filter outlet pipe structure of claim 1, further comprising a clamp, wherein the clamp is sleeved on the periphery of the connecting sleeve.

10. An automobile comprising an air filter outlet duct structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9.