CN113622888A - Dry hot rock development method and system for three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern - Google Patents
Dry hot rock development method and system for three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 204
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 233
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
- E21B43/305—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells comprising at least one inclined or horizontal well
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
- F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
- F24T10/20—Geothermal collectors using underground water as working fluid; using working fluid injected directly into the ground, e.g. using injection wells and recovery wells
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dry hot rock development method and a system of a three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern, wherein the method comprises the following steps: carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the target layer of the dry hot rock to obtain a well group; performing fracturing construction on the well group; carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group after fracturing construction by adopting a multi-injection one-production development mode; and after a preset time period of well group development for carrying out geothermal energy development by adopting a multi-injection and multi-production development mode, carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group by adopting a one-injection and multi-production development mode. According to the invention, the well group is obtained by arranging the three-dimensional well pattern, and the complex cracks or the seam patterns constructed in the dry-hot rock layer of the well group are matched with fracturing construction to be used as the liquid flow channel, when the geothermal energy development is carried out on the well group by adopting a multi-injection and multi-production development mode, the constructed complex cracks or seam patterns increase the heat exchange area, improve the heat exchange efficiency and efficiently develop the geothermal energy, when the geothermal energy development is carried out on the well group by adopting a one-injection and multi-production development mode, the damage to the rock layer is reduced, the dry-hot rock layer is favorable for recovering the temperature, and the long-term development is favorable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of geothermal exploitation, relates to a geothermal exploitation method of a horizontal well pattern, and particularly relates to a dry hot rock exploitation method and system of a three-dimensional horizontal exploitation and injection well pattern.
Background
At present, clear water is mostly used as a heat transfer medium for geothermal energy development of the hot dry rock, so the heat exchange area and the heat exchange efficiency of a fluid channel in a stratum are core factors for determining the development effect of the hot dry rock. In a patent 'hot dry rock single-well double-horizontal manual cracking heat exchange method (CN 201810850717.3)' applied by Zhang Yanjun (2018), two horizontal wells are respectively sidetracked at the upper and lower heights of a vertical well, and are fractured. And plugging the interior of the vertical well, wherein liquid flow enters the upper horizontal well from the annular space, and the liquid enters the lower horizontal well after sufficient heat exchange through the cracks and enters the oil pipe of the vertical well to return to the ground. In the invention patent of ' well body structure and method for exploiting geothermal resources of dry hot rock ' (CN201710244969.7) applied by Liu Yongwang (2017) ', a completion section of drilling of an ultra-high temperature stratum extends into the dry hot rock from a thermal insulation layer of the dry hot rock, a lower thermal insulation and heat conduction pipe which are sequentially connected are arranged in the completion section of drilling of the ultra-high temperature stratum, and the upper thermal insulation and heat conduction pipe and the lower thermal insulation and heat conduction pipe are connected through a flow channel variable controller, so that co-well mining and injection are realized. In a patent 'a process method (CN201711127849.5) for developing hot dry rock heat energy by adopting a horizontal well' applied by Luo Tian Yu (2017), a mode of carrying out two-injection one-extraction by adopting a three-horizontal well group is adopted, and each well is fractured to develop geothermal energy. In the invention patent 'a multi-well combined hot dry rock artificial heat storage construction system and a construction method (CN 201810734516.7)' applied by Wuhaidong (2018), a multi-well combined construction method is taken as a core, and hydraulic fracturing, chemical stimulation and other means are integrated, so that a 'well group' effect is formed by constructing a multi-well combined reservoir, the effective large-scale development of hot dry rock is realized, and the development economic benefit of the hot dry rock is improved. In the patent "a system for collecting hot dry rock heat energy through a U-shaped well and a using method thereof (CN 201810305898.1)" applied by Yankee (2018), the U-shaped well is used for realizing the flowing and heat exchange of liquid at the bottom of the well. The essence is that two vertical wells are drilled, one injection and one production are carried out, and two well bottoms are communicated through a sidetrack to form a U-shaped state.
In conclusion, the development of the dry and hot rock is mostly limited to single-well self-circulation, two-well circulation or simple well pattern development at present, and the development potential of the dry and hot rock is not improved in a refined manner, namely the whole heat exchange area and the heat exchange efficiency still have a larger improvement space.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for developing dry hot rocks of a three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern, and solves the problems that the conventional dry hot rock development is limited to single-well self-circulation, two-well circulation or simple well pattern development in many ways and the development potential of the dry hot rock is not improved in a refined manner.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a dry hot rock development method of a three-dimensional horizontal production and injection well pattern, which comprises the following steps: carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the target layer of the dry hot rock to obtain a well group; performing fracturing construction on the well group; carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group after fracturing construction by adopting a multi-injection one-production development mode; and after a preset time period of the well group development for carrying out geothermal energy development by adopting a multi-injection and multi-production development mode, carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group by adopting a one-injection and multi-production development mode.
Optionally, the performing a three-dimensional well pattern on the target layer of the dry-hot rock, and the obtaining of the well group includes: the well group comprises a plurality of individual wells; each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well; the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the y-axis direction is a transverse well spacing, and the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction is a vertical well spacing; and determining the transverse well spacing and the vertical well spacing of the well group according to the reservoir conditions and the construction capacity.
Optionally, the transverse well spacing is greater than the fracture length of the fracturing construction design, and the vertical well spacing is greater than the half-fracture height of the fracturing construction design.
Optionally, the multiple single wells are divided into a first type of well and a second type of well, the first type of well is used as a center, the second type of well is arranged at the periphery of the first type of well, and fractures of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not communicated with fractures of the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Optionally, the exploiting the geothermal energy of the well group after the fracturing construction by adopting a multi-injection and one-production exploitation mode comprises: injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the horizontal well of the second type of well; injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected; and after injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well, collecting water from the horizontal well of the first type of well.
Optionally, the injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well into which the liquid carbon dioxide is injected includes: in a first preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is less than a first preset speed; and in a second preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed.
Optionally, after the water is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well, the water recovery of the horizontal well of the first type of well includes: after water is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well, the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well is communicated with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well, the injected water exchanges heat between the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well and the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well, and the horizontal well of the first type of well collects the water after heat exchange.
Optionally, the performing geothermal energy development on the well group by using a one-injection multi-production development mode comprises: injecting water into the horizontal well of the first type of well; and after water is injected into the horizontal well of the first type of well, water is collected from the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Optionally, the performing fracturing construction on the well group comprises: fracturing the well block using a zip-tie fracturing sequence.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a dry hot rock development system for a three-dimensional horizontal production and injection well pattern, the system comprising: the well arrangement device is used for carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the target layer of the dry hot rock to obtain a well group; the fracturing construction device is used for carrying out fracturing construction on the well group; the first geothermal energy development device is used for developing geothermal energy for the well group after fracturing construction in a multi-injection and one-production development mode; and the second geothermal energy development device is used for developing geothermal energy by adopting a one-injection multi-production development mode for the well group after the well group which is developed by adopting the multi-development mode for geothermal energy is developed for a preset time period.
Optionally, the performing a three-dimensional well pattern on the target layer of the dry-hot rock, and the obtaining of the well group includes: the well group comprises a plurality of individual wells; each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well; the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the y-axis direction is a transverse well spacing, and the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction is a vertical well spacing; and determining the transverse well spacing and the vertical well spacing of the well group according to the reservoir conditions and the construction capacity.
Optionally, the transverse well spacing is greater than the fracture length of the fracturing construction design, and the vertical well spacing is greater than the half-fracture height of the fracturing construction design.
Optionally, the multiple single wells are divided into a first type of well and a second type of well, the first type of well is used as a center, the second type of well is arranged at the periphery of the first type of well, and fractures of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not communicated with fractures of the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Optionally, the exploiting the geothermal energy of the well group after the fracturing construction by adopting a multi-injection and one-production exploitation mode comprises: injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the horizontal well of the second type of well; injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected; and after injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well, collecting water from the horizontal well of the first type of well.
Optionally, the injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well into which the liquid carbon dioxide is injected includes: in a first preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is less than a first preset speed; and in a second preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed.
Optionally, after the water is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well, the water recovery of the horizontal well of the first type of well includes: after water is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well, the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well is communicated with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well, the injected water exchanges heat between the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well and the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well, and the horizontal well of the first type of well collects the water after heat exchange.
Optionally, the performing geothermal energy development on the well group by using a one-injection multi-production development mode comprises: injecting water into the horizontal well of the first type of well; and after water is injected into the horizontal well of the first type of well, water is collected from the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Optionally, the performing fracturing construction on the well group comprises: fracturing the well block using a zip-tie fracturing sequence.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the method and the system for developing the dry hot rock of the three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern, the well group is obtained by arranging the three-dimensional well pattern, the complex cracks or the seam patterns constructed on the dry hot rock layer of the well group are matched with fracturing construction to serve as liquid flow channels, when the geothermal energy development is carried out on the well group by adopting a multi-injection and multi-mining development mode, the constructed complex cracks or seam patterns increase the heat exchange area, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the geothermal energy is developed efficiently, when the geothermal energy development is carried out on the well group by adopting a one-injection and multi-mining development mode, the damage to the stratum is reduced, the dry hot rock layer is favorable for recovering the temperature, and the long-term development is favorable.
According to the dry hot rock development method and system for the three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well network, the crack tips of the cracks are formed through the injection of liquid carbon dioxide and the water injection in a low-emission form at the initial stage, the crack tips are communicated to form micro cracks, the mining and injection wells are communicated through the micro cracks, meanwhile, the micro crack zone is used as a heat exchange area of a core, the flow rate is reduced, the heat exchange time is prolonged, the heat exchange efficiency is improved macroscopically, and the liquid consumption is reduced.
The present invention has other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for hot dry rock development for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a well group for a method of dry hot rock development for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a top view of a well group for a method of hot dry rock development for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a well group after fracture construction for a method of dry hot rock development for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 illustrates a top view of a frac constructed well group for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern hot dry rock development method according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a well group for geothermal energy development with multi-injection-production development, of a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern dry hot rock development method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 shows a top view of a well group for geothermal energy development with multi-injection-production development, according to an embodiment of the invention, of a dry hot rock development method of a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the main fracture and microcrack distribution of a horizontal well for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern hot dry rock development method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of geothermal energy development using a single injection and multiple production development method for a vertical horizontal production and injection well pattern dry hot rock development method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 10 shows a top view of geothermal energy development with one-injection-multiple-production development of a vertical horizontal production-injection well pattern dry hot rock development method according to an embodiment of the invention.
Figure 11 shows a top view of another well group for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern hot dry rock development method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 illustrates a detailed flow chart of a method for hot dry rock development of a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of a hot dry rock development system for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals
1. Hot dry rock; 2. a hot dry rock target zone; 3. a first type of well; 4. a second type of well; 5. fracturing a main crack; 6. micro-cracking; 102. a well arrangement device; 104. a fracturing construction device; 106. a first geothermal energy development device; 108. and a second development device for geothermal energy.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a dry hot rock development method of a three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern, which comprises the following steps: carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the target layer of the dry hot rock to obtain a well group; performing fracturing construction on the well group; carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group after fracturing construction by adopting a multi-injection one-production development mode; and after a preset time period of well group development for carrying out geothermal energy development by adopting a multi-injection and multi-production development mode, carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group by adopting a one-injection and multi-production development mode.
Specifically, at present, the development of the dry-hot rock is mainly to construct a heat exchange channel through hydraulic fracturing, the geothermal energy is exploited and developed by taking water as a medium, at present, the development of the dry-hot rock is carried out by using methods such as single-well self-circulation, two-well mining and injection circulation, vertical-well pattern injection and production and the like, the development effect is limited, and the heat supply potential of a dry-hot rock stratum cannot be fully exploited.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well distribution on a target dry hot rock layer to obtain a well group, wherein the well group comprises a plurality of single wells, each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well, the horizontal well of each single well is arranged in the target dry hot rock layer, a spacing distance is reserved between every two horizontal wells, fracturing construction is carried out on the well group, the horizontal wells of the plurality of single wells generate a plurality of cracks distributed in a staggered mode, the plurality of cracks are not directly communicated, the plurality of cracks are developed in an initial stage in a multi-injection and one-mining development mode, the plurality of cracks are expanded into micro cracks by injected liquid carbon dioxide and water, the plurality of cracks are communicated, the injected water is subjected to heat exchange by the dry hot rock among the cracks, the water after the heat exchange is collected, and the development of the dry hot rock is realized. After the development is carried out for a period of time by adopting a multi-injection and multi-production development mode, the development is carried out by adopting a one-injection and multi-production development mode, the original injection well is converted into the collection well, the original collection well is converted into the injection well, and the damage to the stratum is reduced.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the method for developing the dry hot rock of the three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern comprises the steps of obtaining a well group by arranging the three-dimensional well pattern, and matching with a complex crack or seam pattern constructed on the dry hot rock layer of the well group in fracturing construction to serve as a liquid flow channel, wherein when the geothermal energy development is carried out on the well group by adopting a multi-injection and one-mining development mode, the constructed complex crack or seam pattern increases the heat exchange area, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the geothermal energy is developed efficiently, and when the geothermal energy development is carried out on the well group by adopting a one-injection and multi-mining development mode, the damage to the stratum is reduced, the dry hot rock layer recovery temperature is facilitated, and the long-term development is facilitated.
As an alternative, carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well distribution on a target layer of the dry-hot rock, and obtaining a well group comprising: the well group comprises a plurality of single wells; each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well; the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the y-axis direction is a transverse well spacing, and the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction is a vertical well spacing; and determining the transverse well spacing and the vertical well spacing of the well group according to the reservoir conditions and the construction capacity.
Specifically, the horizontal wells of each single well are all arranged in a dry-hot rock target reservoir, a transverse well spacing and a vertical well spacing are arranged between every two connected horizontal wells, staggered arrangement between the levels is achieved, the transverse well spacing is the distance between projections of the two horizontal wells in the y-axis direction, the vertical well spacing is the distance between projections of the two horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction, and three-dimensional well pattern distribution is achieved.
As an alternative, the transverse well spacing is larger than the fracture length designed for fracturing construction, and the vertical well spacing is larger than the half-fracture height designed for fracturing construction.
Specifically, when the geothermal energy of a target reservoir is developed, a well arrangement scheme is firstly designed, and a transverse well spacing and a vertical well spacing are optimized according to reservoir conditions and construction capacity, wherein the transverse well spacing is slightly larger than the seam length of the fracturing construction design, and the vertical well spacing is slightly larger than the half seam height of the fracturing construction design.
As an alternative, the single wells are divided into a first type of well and a second type of well, the first type of well is used as the center, the second type of well is arranged on the periphery of the first type of well, and cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Specifically, the multiple single wells are divided into a first type well and multiple second type wells, the first type well is used as a center, the multiple second type wells are all arranged on the periphery of the first type well, namely the multiple second type wells surround the first type well, and after fracturing construction is carried out, cracks of the horizontal well of the first type well are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type well.
As an alternative, the development of geothermal energy by adopting a multi-injection and one-production development mode for a well group after fracturing construction comprises the following steps: injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the horizontal well of the second type of well; injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected; and after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with water, water is collected from the horizontal well of the first type of well.
According to fracturing design and well spacing design, the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not directly communicated with the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, so that a certain amount of liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well before water injection development, and the purpose is to form complex micro cracks at the unconnected positions of the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the main crack tips of the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well and construct a micro crack zone; injecting water after injecting liquid carbon dioxide, injecting water at the initial stage of water injection, injecting water at a lower discharge rate into the horizontal well of the second type of well, supporting and expanding microcracks formed by the liquid carbon dioxide to form an effective microcrack liquid flow channel, enabling liquid to flow into cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well from cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, enabling the pressure of the water injection well to be reduced at the moment, enabling the horizontal well of the first type of well to meet water to form liquid circulation, enabling the liquid to exchange heat in the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, enabling heat energy to be transferred to the ground through liquid heating, controlling water injection pressure not to be too high after the horizontal well of the first type of well meets water, and otherwise easily causing the sudden-in of main cracks to be directly communicated with a water collection well, and causing the consequences of short heat exchange time and insufficient heat exchange area.
Alternatively, injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well after injecting the liquid carbon dioxide comprises: in a first preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is less than a first preset speed; and in a second preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed.
Specifically, after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well to form the complex microcracks, water injection is started, at the initial stage of water injection, the water injection amount of the horizontal well of the second type of well cannot be large, the water injection speed is lower than a first preset speed, so that injected water supports and expands the microcracks formed by the liquid carbon dioxide to form effective microcrack liquid flow channels, the injected water flows into the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well from the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, after the water is leaked from the horizontal well of the first type of well, the water injection pressure is controlled not to be too high, the injection speed is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed, otherwise, the main cracks are prone to suddenly enter and directly communicate with the water collecting well, and the consequences of short heat exchange time and insufficient heat exchange area are caused.
As an alternative, after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with water, the water recovery of the horizontal well of the first type of well comprises: after the horizontal well of the second type well is injected with water, the crack of the horizontal well of the second type well is communicated with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type well, the injected water exchanges heat with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type well in the crack of the horizontal well of the second type well, and the horizontal well of the first type well collects the water after heat exchange.
Specifically, after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with liquid carbon dioxide to form a complex micro-crack, water injection is started, the micro-crack formed by the liquid carbon dioxide is supported and expanded by water to form an effective micro-crack liquid flow channel, so that the injected water flows into the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well from the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well, the injected water exchanges heat in the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well, and the water after heat exchange is collected to the ground, so that development of dry hot rocks is realized.
According to the exemplary embodiment, the dry hot rock development method of the stereoscopic horizontal mining and injection well pattern forms crack tips through injection of liquid carbon dioxide and initial water injection in a low-emission mode, the crack tips are communicated to form micro cracks, the mining and injection wells are communicated through the micro cracks, meanwhile, a micro crack zone is used as a heat exchange area of a core, the flow rate is reduced, the heat exchange time is prolonged, the heat exchange efficiency is improved macroscopically, and the liquid consumption is reduced.
At the moment, a liquid circulation flow channel is formed through the mining and injection relationship of the horizontal wells of the two types of wells, the heat exchange area is increased through the microcracks between the cracks of the two types of horizontal wells, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the large-scale and effective development of geothermal energy is realized.
As an alternative, the development of geothermal energy by adopting a one-injection multi-production development mode for a well group comprises the following steps: injecting water into a horizontal well of the first type of well; and after the horizontal well of the first type of well is injected with water, water is collected from the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Specifically, after a strong injection and production development mode of multi-injection and one-production is developed for a long time by taking a first type of well as a water injection well and taking a second type of well as a water injection well, the problems of slow formation temperature recovery, reduced heat exchange quantity and the like can occur in a target reservoir stratum, at the moment, the first type of horizontal well can be taken as the water injection well, the second type of horizontal well can be taken as the water injection well and the water production well to develop a one-injection and multi-production development mode, the geothermal energy development intensity is forcibly reduced, the temperature of a target stratum is recovered, on the other hand, the change of the liquid flow direction is favorable for eliminating the damage of long-term unidirectional liquid flow to the reservoir stratum, if the blocking of fine particles to the circulating liquid is represented as the improvement of water injection pressure, the blocking degree can be reduced to a certain degree by changing the liquid flow direction, and the water injection pressure is reduced.
In one example, the injection-production relationship of the first type of horizontal well and the second type of horizontal well is switched every preset time interval.
Specifically, by periodically converting the injection-production relationship of the two types of horizontal wells, the development life of a target reservoir can be prolonged, and the comprehensive and effective treatment on the development of geothermal energy is realized.
Alternatively, performing a fracturing operation on a well group comprises: and performing fracturing construction on the well group by using a zipper type fracturing sequence.
Specifically, after drilling is finished according to the design, well group fracturing construction is carried out in the formed well group. The zipper type fracturing sequence is used in fracturing construction, so that the operation cost can be effectively reduced, multiple cracks distributed in a staggered mode are generated simultaneously, and the multiple cracks are not directly communicated.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a dry hot rock development system for a three-dimensional horizontal production and injection well pattern, the system comprising: the well arrangement device is used for carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the target layer of the dry hot rock to obtain a well group; the fracturing construction device is used for carrying out fracturing construction on the well group; the first geothermal energy development device is used for developing geothermal energy for the well group after fracturing construction in a multi-injection and one-production development mode; and the second geothermal energy development device is used for developing geothermal energy by adopting a one-injection multi-production development mode for the well group after the well group which is developed by adopting the multi-development mode for geothermal energy is developed for a preset time period.
Specifically, at present, the development of the dry-hot rock is mainly to construct a heat exchange channel through hydraulic fracturing, the geothermal energy is exploited and developed by taking water as a medium, at present, the development of the dry-hot rock is carried out by using methods such as single-well self-circulation, two-well mining and injection circulation, vertical-well pattern injection and production and the like, the development effect is limited, and the heat supply potential of a dry-hot rock stratum cannot be fully exploited.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out three-dimensional well pattern distribution on a target dry hot rock layer through a well distribution device to obtain a well group, wherein the well group comprises a plurality of single wells, each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well, the horizontal well of each single well is arranged in the target dry hot rock reservoir, a spacing distance is reserved between every two horizontal wells, fracturing construction is carried out on the well group through a fracturing construction device, the horizontal wells of the plurality of single wells generate a plurality of cracks distributed in a staggered mode, the plurality of cracks are not directly communicated, the plurality of cracks are expanded into micro cracks by injected liquid carbon dioxide and water at the initial stage of development in a multi-injection and one-extraction development mode through a geothermal energy first development device, the plurality of cracks are communicated, the injected water is subjected to heat exchange among the cracks by the dry hot rock, the water after the heat exchange is collected, and the dry hot rock development is achieved. After the geothermal energy second development device adopts a multi-injection and one-extraction development mode for development for a period of time, the development is carried out by adopting a one-injection and multi-extraction development mode, the original injection well is converted into the collection well, the original collection well is converted into the injection well, and the damage to the stratum is reduced.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern dry hot rock development system obtains a well group by arranging the three-dimensional well pattern, and cooperates with a fracturing construction to construct complex cracks or seam patterns on a dry hot rock layer of the well group as a liquid flow channel, when the well group is developed by adopting a multi-injection and multi-mining development mode, the constructed complex cracks or seam patterns increase the heat exchange area, improve the heat exchange efficiency and efficiently develop geothermal energy, when the well group is developed by adopting a one-injection and multi-mining development mode again, the damage to the stratum is reduced, the dry hot rock layer recovery temperature is facilitated, and the long-term development is facilitated.
As an alternative, carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well distribution on a target layer of the dry-hot rock, and obtaining a well group comprising: the well group comprises a plurality of single wells; each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well; the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the y-axis direction is a transverse well spacing, and the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction is a vertical well spacing; and determining the transverse well spacing and the vertical well spacing of the well group according to the reservoir conditions and the construction capacity.
Specifically, the horizontal wells of each single well are all arranged in a dry-hot rock target reservoir, a transverse well spacing and a vertical well spacing are arranged between every two connected horizontal wells, staggered arrangement between the levels is achieved, the transverse well spacing is the distance between projections of the two horizontal wells in the y-axis direction, the vertical well spacing is the distance between projections of the two horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction, and three-dimensional well pattern distribution is achieved.
As an alternative, the transverse well spacing is larger than the fracture length designed for fracturing construction, and the vertical well spacing is larger than the half-fracture height designed for fracturing construction.
Specifically, when the geothermal energy of a target reservoir is developed, a well arrangement scheme is firstly designed, and a transverse well spacing and a vertical well spacing are optimized according to reservoir conditions and construction capacity, wherein the transverse well spacing is slightly larger than the seam length of the fracturing construction design, and the vertical well spacing is slightly larger than the half seam height of the fracturing construction design.
As an alternative, the single wells are divided into a first type of well and a second type of well, the first type of well is used as the center, the second type of well is arranged on the periphery of the first type of well, and cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Specifically, the multiple single wells are divided into a first type well and multiple second type wells, the first type well is used as a center, the multiple second type wells are all arranged on the periphery of the first type well, namely the multiple second type wells surround the first type well, and after fracturing construction is carried out, cracks of the horizontal well of the first type well are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type well.
As an alternative, the development of geothermal energy by adopting a multi-injection and one-production development mode for a well group after fracturing construction comprises the following steps: injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the horizontal well of the second type of well; injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected; and after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with water, water is collected from the horizontal well of the first type of well.
According to fracturing design and well spacing design, the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not directly communicated with the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, so that a certain amount of liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well before water injection development, and the purpose is to form complex micro cracks at the unconnected positions of the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the main crack tips of the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well and construct a micro crack zone; injecting water after injecting liquid carbon dioxide, injecting water at the initial stage of water injection, injecting water at a lower discharge rate into the horizontal well of the second type of well, supporting and expanding microcracks formed by the liquid carbon dioxide to form an effective microcrack liquid flow channel, enabling liquid to flow into cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well from cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, enabling the pressure of the water injection well to be reduced at the moment, enabling the horizontal well of the first type of well to meet water to form liquid circulation, enabling the liquid to exchange heat in the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, enabling heat energy to be transferred to the ground through liquid heating, controlling water injection pressure not to be too high after the horizontal well of the first type of well meets water, and otherwise easily causing the sudden-in of main cracks to be directly communicated with a water collection well, and causing the consequences of short heat exchange time and insufficient heat exchange area.
Alternatively, injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well after injecting the liquid carbon dioxide comprises: in a first preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is less than a first preset speed; and in a second preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed.
Specifically, after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well to form the complex microcracks, water injection is started, at the initial stage of water injection, the water injection amount of the horizontal well of the second type of well cannot be large, the water injection speed is lower than a first preset speed, so that injected water supports and expands the microcracks formed by the liquid carbon dioxide to form effective microcrack liquid flow channels, the injected water flows into the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well from the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, after the water is leaked from the horizontal well of the first type of well, the water injection pressure is controlled not to be too high, the injection speed is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed, otherwise, the main cracks are prone to suddenly enter and directly communicate with the water collecting well, and the consequences of short heat exchange time and insufficient heat exchange area are caused.
As an alternative, after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with water, the water recovery of the horizontal well of the first type of well comprises: after the horizontal well of the second type well is injected with water, the crack of the horizontal well of the second type well is communicated with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type well, the injected water exchanges heat with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type well in the crack of the horizontal well of the second type well, and the horizontal well of the first type well collects the water after heat exchange.
Specifically, after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with liquid carbon dioxide to form a complex micro-crack, water injection is started, the micro-crack formed by the liquid carbon dioxide is supported and expanded by water to form an effective micro-crack liquid flow channel, so that the injected water flows into the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well from the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well, the injected water exchanges heat in the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well, and the water after heat exchange is collected to the ground, so that development of dry hot rocks is realized.
According to an exemplary embodiment, the dry hot rock development system of the stereoscopic horizontal mining and injection well pattern forms crack tips through injection of liquid carbon dioxide and initial water injection in a low-emission mode, the crack tips are communicated to form micro cracks, communication of the mining and injection well is achieved through the micro cracks, meanwhile, a micro crack zone is used as a heat exchange area of a core, flow speed is reduced, heat exchange time is prolonged, heat exchange efficiency is improved macroscopically, and liquid consumption is reduced.
At the moment, a liquid circulation flow channel is formed through the mining and injection relationship of the horizontal wells of the two types of wells, the heat exchange area is increased through the microcracks between the cracks of the two types of horizontal wells, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the large-scale and effective development of geothermal energy is realized.
As an alternative, the development of geothermal energy by adopting a one-injection multi-production development mode for a well group comprises the following steps: injecting water into a horizontal well of the first type of well; and after the horizontal well of the first type of well is injected with water, water is collected from the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Specifically, after a strong injection and production development mode of multi-injection and one-production is developed for a long time by taking a first type of well as a water injection well and taking a second type of well as a water injection well, the problems of slow formation temperature recovery, reduced heat exchange quantity and the like can occur in a target reservoir stratum, at the moment, the first type of horizontal well can be taken as the water injection well, the second type of horizontal well can be taken as the water injection well and the water production well to develop a one-injection and multi-production development mode, the geothermal energy development intensity is forcibly reduced, the temperature of a target stratum is recovered, on the other hand, the change of the liquid flow direction is favorable for eliminating the damage of long-term unidirectional liquid flow to the reservoir stratum, if the blocking of fine particles to the circulating liquid is represented as the improvement of water injection pressure, the blocking degree can be reduced to a certain degree by changing the liquid flow direction, and the water injection pressure is reduced.
In one example, the injection-production relationship of the first type of horizontal well and the second type of horizontal well is switched every preset time interval.
Specifically, by periodically converting the injection-production relationship of the two types of horizontal wells, the development life of a target reservoir can be prolonged, and the comprehensive and effective treatment on the development of geothermal energy is realized.
Alternatively, performing a fracturing operation on a well group comprises: and performing fracturing construction on the well group by using a zipper type fracturing sequence.
Specifically, after drilling is finished according to the design, well group fracturing construction is carried out in the formed well group. The zipper type fracturing sequence is used in fracturing construction, so that the operation cost can be effectively reduced, multiple cracks distributed in a staggered mode are generated simultaneously, and the multiple cracks are not directly communicated.
Example one
FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram of a method for hot dry rock development for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a well group for a method of dry hot rock development for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 shows a top view of a well group for a method of hot dry rock development for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a well group after fracture construction for a method of dry hot rock development for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern, according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 illustrates a top view of a frac constructed well group for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern hot dry rock development method according to one embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a well group for geothermal energy development with multi-injection-production development, of a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern dry hot rock development method according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 7 shows a top view of a well group for geothermal energy development with multi-injection-production development, according to an embodiment of the invention, of a dry hot rock development method of a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern. Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the main fracture and microcrack distribution of a horizontal well for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern hot dry rock development method according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 9 shows a cross-sectional view of geothermal energy development using a single injection and multiple production development method for a vertical horizontal production and injection well pattern dry hot rock development method according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 10 shows a top view of geothermal energy development with one-injection-multiple-production development of a vertical horizontal production-injection well pattern dry hot rock development method according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 11 shows a top view of another well group for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern hot dry rock development method according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 12 illustrates a detailed flow chart of a method for hot dry rock development of a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12, the vertical horizontal production injection well pattern hot dry rock developing method includes:
s102: carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the hot dry rock target layer 2 to obtain a well group;
wherein, carry out three-dimensional well pattern well spacing to hot dry rock target stratum 2, obtain the well group and include: the well group comprises a plurality of single wells; each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well; the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the y-axis direction is a transverse well spacing, and the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction is a vertical well spacing; and determining the transverse well spacing and the vertical well spacing of the well group according to the reservoir conditions and the construction capacity.
Specifically, the horizontal wells of each single well are all arranged in a dry-hot rock target reservoir, a transverse well spacing and a vertical well spacing are arranged between every two connected horizontal wells, staggered arrangement between the levels is achieved, the transverse well spacing is the distance between projections of the two horizontal wells in the y-axis direction, the vertical well spacing is the distance between projections of the two horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction, and three-dimensional well pattern distribution is achieved.
The horizontal well spacing is longer than the seam length designed for fracturing construction, and the vertical well spacing is longer than the half seam height designed for fracturing construction.
Specifically, when the geothermal energy of a target reservoir is developed, a well arrangement scheme is firstly designed, and a transverse well spacing and a vertical well spacing are optimized according to reservoir conditions and construction capacity, wherein the transverse well spacing is slightly larger than the seam length of the fracturing construction design, and the vertical well spacing is slightly larger than the half seam height of the fracturing construction design.
The single wells are divided into a first type well 3 and a second type well 4, the first type well 3 is used as the center, the second type well 4 is arranged on the periphery of the first type well 3, and cracks of the horizontal well of the first type well 3 are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type well 4.
Specifically, the multiple single wells are divided into a first type well 3 and multiple second type wells 4, the first type well 3 is used as the center, the multiple second type wells 4 are all arranged on the periphery of the first type well 3, namely the multiple second type wells 4 surround the first type well 3, and after fracturing construction is carried out, cracks of the horizontal well of the first type well 3 are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type well 4.
For example, as shown in fig. 3, five horizontal wells may constitute the minimum production unit, wherein 3 is the first type well and 4 is the second type well, and the number of wells may be increased according to the reservoir distribution, as shown in fig. 11, 1 first type well and 12 second type wells.
S104: performing fracturing construction on the well group;
wherein, carrying out the fracturing construction to well group includes: and performing fracturing construction on the well group by using a zipper type fracturing sequence.
Specifically, after drilling is finished according to the design, well group fracturing construction is carried out in the formed well group. The zipper type fracturing sequence is used in fracturing construction, so that the operation cost can be effectively reduced, multiple cracks distributed in a staggered mode are generated simultaneously, and the multiple cracks are not directly communicated.
S106: carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group after fracturing construction by adopting a multi-injection one-production development mode;
wherein, adopt many notes one to adopt the development mode to carry out geothermal energy development to the well group after the fracturing construction and include: injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the horizontal well of the second type well 4; injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well 4 after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected; and after the horizontal well of the second type well 4 is injected with water, water is collected from the horizontal well of the first type well 3.
According to fracturing design and well spacing design, the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not directly communicated with the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, so that a certain amount of liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well before water injection development, and the purpose is to form complex micro cracks at the unconnected positions of the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the main crack tips of the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well and construct a micro crack zone; injecting water after injecting liquid carbon dioxide, injecting water at the initial stage of water injection, injecting water at a lower discharge rate into the horizontal well of the second type of well, supporting and expanding microcracks formed by the liquid carbon dioxide to form an effective microcrack liquid flow channel, enabling liquid to flow into cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well from cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, enabling the pressure of the water injection well to be reduced at the moment, enabling the horizontal well of the first type of well to meet water to form liquid circulation, enabling the liquid to exchange heat in the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, enabling heat energy to be transferred to the ground through liquid heating, controlling water injection pressure not to be too high after the horizontal well of the first type of well meets water, and otherwise easily causing the sudden-in of main cracks to be directly communicated with a water collection well, and causing the consequences of short heat exchange time and insufficient heat exchange area.
Wherein, the step of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second well 4 after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected comprises the following steps: in a first preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well 4 is less than a first preset speed; and in a second preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well 4 is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed.
Specifically, after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well to form the complex microcracks, water injection is started, at the initial stage of water injection, the water injection amount of the horizontal well of the second type of well cannot be large, the water injection speed is lower than a first preset speed, so that injected water supports and expands the microcracks formed by the liquid carbon dioxide to form effective microcrack liquid flow channels, the injected water flows into the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well from the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, after the water is leaked from the horizontal well of the first type of well, the water injection pressure is controlled not to be too high, the injection speed is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed, otherwise, the main cracks are prone to suddenly enter and directly communicate with the water collecting well, and the consequences of short heat exchange time and insufficient heat exchange area are caused.
Wherein, after the horizontal well of the second type well 4 injects water, the water extraction of the horizontal well of the first type well 3 comprises the following steps: after the horizontal well of the second type well 4 is injected with water, the crack of the horizontal well of the second type well 4 is communicated with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type well 3, the injected water exchanges heat in the crack of the horizontal well of the second type well 4 and the crack of the horizontal well of the first type well 3, and the horizontal well of the first type well 3 collects the water after heat exchange.
Specifically, after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with liquid carbon dioxide to form a complex micro-crack, water injection is started, the micro-crack formed by the liquid carbon dioxide is supported and expanded by water to form an effective micro-crack liquid flow channel, so that the injected water flows into the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well from the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well, the injected water exchanges heat in the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well, and the water after heat exchange is collected to the ground, so that development of dry hot rocks is realized.
S108: and after a preset time period of well group development for carrying out geothermal energy development by adopting a multi-injection and multi-production development mode, carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group by adopting a one-injection and multi-production development mode.
Wherein, adopt one to annotate more to adopt the development mode to carry out geothermal energy development to the well group and include: injecting water into the horizontal well of the first type of well 3; and after the horizontal well of the first type well 3 is injected with water, water is collected from the horizontal well of the second type well 4.
Specifically, after a strong injection and production development mode of multi-injection and one-production is developed for a long time by taking a first type of well as a water injection well and taking a second type of well as a water injection well, the problems of slow formation temperature recovery, reduced heat exchange quantity and the like can occur in a target reservoir stratum, at the moment, the first type of horizontal well can be taken as the water injection well, the second type of horizontal well can be taken as the water injection well and the water production well to develop a one-injection and multi-production development mode, the geothermal energy development intensity is forcibly reduced, the temperature of a target stratum is recovered, on the other hand, the change of the liquid flow direction is favorable for eliminating the damage of long-term unidirectional liquid flow to the reservoir stratum, if the blocking of fine particles to the circulating liquid is represented as the improvement of water injection pressure, the blocking degree can be reduced to a certain degree by changing the liquid flow direction, and the water injection pressure is reduced.
And converting the injection-production relationship between the first horizontal well and the second horizontal well at preset time intervals.
Specifically, by periodically converting the injection-production relationship of the two types of horizontal wells, the development life of a target reservoir can be prolonged, and the comprehensive and effective treatment on the development of geothermal energy is realized.
Example two
FIG. 13 shows a block diagram of a hot dry rock development system for a vertical horizontal production injection well pattern, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 13, the dry hot rock development system of the stereoscopic horizontal production and injection well pattern comprises:
the well arrangement device 102 is used for carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the target layer of the dry hot rock to obtain a well group;
wherein, carry out three-dimensional well pattern well spacing to hot dry rock target zone, obtain the well group and include: the well group comprises a plurality of single wells; each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well; the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the y-axis direction is a transverse well spacing, and the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction is a vertical well spacing; and determining the transverse well spacing and the vertical well spacing of the well group according to the reservoir conditions and the construction capacity.
Specifically, the horizontal wells of each single well are all arranged in a dry-hot rock target reservoir, a transverse well spacing and a vertical well spacing are arranged between every two connected horizontal wells, staggered arrangement between the levels is achieved, the transverse well spacing is the distance between projections of the two horizontal wells in the y-axis direction, the vertical well spacing is the distance between projections of the two horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction, and three-dimensional well pattern distribution is achieved.
The horizontal well spacing is longer than the seam length designed for fracturing construction, and the vertical well spacing is longer than the half seam height designed for fracturing construction.
Specifically, when the geothermal energy of a target reservoir is developed, a well arrangement scheme is firstly designed, and a transverse well spacing and a vertical well spacing are optimized according to reservoir conditions and construction capacity, wherein the transverse well spacing is slightly larger than the seam length of the fracturing construction design, and the vertical well spacing is slightly larger than the half seam height of the fracturing construction design.
The single wells are divided into a first type of well and a second type of well, the first type of well is used as the center, the second type of well is arranged on the periphery of the first type of well, and cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Specifically, the multiple single wells are divided into a first type well and multiple second type wells, the first type well is used as a center, the multiple second type wells are all arranged on the periphery of the first type well, namely the multiple second type wells surround the first type well, and after fracturing construction is carried out, cracks of the horizontal well of the first type well are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type well.
A fracturing construction device 104 for performing fracturing construction on the well group;
wherein, carrying out the fracturing construction to well group includes: and performing fracturing construction on the well group by using a zipper type fracturing sequence.
Specifically, after drilling is finished according to the design, well group fracturing construction is carried out in the formed well group. The zipper type fracturing sequence is used in fracturing construction, so that the operation cost can be effectively reduced, multiple cracks distributed in a staggered mode are generated simultaneously, and the multiple cracks are not directly communicated.
The geothermal energy first development device 106 is used for developing geothermal energy for the well group after fracturing construction in a multi-injection one-production development mode;
wherein, adopt many notes one to adopt the development mode to carry out geothermal energy development to the well group after the fracturing construction and include: injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the horizontal well of the second type of well; injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected; and after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with water, water is collected from the horizontal well of the first type of well.
According to fracturing design and well spacing design, the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well are not directly communicated with the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, so that a certain amount of liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well before water injection development, and the purpose is to form complex micro cracks at the unconnected positions of the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the main crack tips of the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well and construct a micro crack zone; injecting water after injecting liquid carbon dioxide, injecting water at the initial stage of water injection, injecting water at a lower discharge rate into the horizontal well of the second type of well, supporting and expanding microcracks formed by the liquid carbon dioxide to form an effective microcrack liquid flow channel, enabling liquid to flow into cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well from cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, enabling the pressure of the water injection well to be reduced at the moment, enabling the horizontal well of the first type of well to meet water to form liquid circulation, enabling the liquid to exchange heat in the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, enabling heat energy to be transferred to the ground through liquid heating, controlling water injection pressure not to be too high after the horizontal well of the first type of well meets water, and otherwise easily causing the sudden-in of main cracks to be directly communicated with a water collection well, and causing the consequences of short heat exchange time and insufficient heat exchange area.
Wherein, the horizontal well of the second type well after injecting the liquid carbon dioxide is injected with water and comprises: in a first preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is less than a first preset speed; and in a second preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed.
Specifically, after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well to form the complex microcracks, water injection is started, at the initial stage of water injection, the water injection amount of the horizontal well of the second type of well cannot be large, the water injection speed is lower than a first preset speed, so that injected water supports and expands the microcracks formed by the liquid carbon dioxide to form effective microcrack liquid flow channels, the injected water flows into the cracks of the horizontal well of the first type of well from the cracks of the horizontal well of the second type of well, after the water is leaked from the horizontal well of the first type of well, the water injection pressure is controlled not to be too high, the injection speed is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed, otherwise, the main cracks are prone to suddenly enter and directly communicate with the water collecting well, and the consequences of short heat exchange time and insufficient heat exchange area are caused.
Wherein, after the horizontal well of the second type of well injects water, adopt water to the horizontal well of the first type of well includes: after the horizontal well of the second type well is injected with water, the crack of the horizontal well of the second type well is communicated with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type well, the injected water exchanges heat with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type well in the crack of the horizontal well of the second type well, and the horizontal well of the first type well collects the water after heat exchange.
Specifically, after the horizontal well of the second type of well is injected with liquid carbon dioxide to form a complex micro-crack, water injection is started, the micro-crack formed by the liquid carbon dioxide is supported and expanded by water to form an effective micro-crack liquid flow channel, so that the injected water flows into the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well from the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well, the injected water exchanges heat in the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well and the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well, and the water after heat exchange is collected to the ground, so that development of dry hot rocks is realized.
At the moment, a liquid circulation flow channel is formed through the mining and injection relationship of the horizontal wells of the two types of wells, the heat exchange area is increased through the microcracks between the cracks of the two types of horizontal wells, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the large-scale and effective development of geothermal energy is realized.
And the second geothermal energy development device 108 is used for developing geothermal energy for the well group in a one-injection multi-production development mode after a preset time period of development of the well group in a multi-development mode.
Wherein, adopt one to annotate more to adopt the development mode to carry out geothermal energy development to the well group and include: injecting water into a horizontal well of the first type of well; and after the horizontal well of the first type of well is injected with water, water is collected from the horizontal well of the second type of well.
Specifically, after a strong injection and production development mode of multi-injection and one-production is developed for a long time by taking a first type of well as a water injection well and taking a second type of well as a water injection well, the problems of slow formation temperature recovery, reduced heat exchange quantity and the like can occur in a target reservoir stratum, at the moment, the first type of horizontal well can be taken as the water injection well, the second type of horizontal well can be taken as the water injection well and the water production well to develop a one-injection and multi-production development mode, the geothermal energy development intensity is forcibly reduced, the temperature of a target stratum is recovered, on the other hand, the change of the liquid flow direction is favorable for eliminating the damage of long-term unidirectional liquid flow to the reservoir stratum, if the blocking of fine particles to the circulating liquid is represented as the improvement of water injection pressure, the blocking degree can be reduced to a certain degree by changing the liquid flow direction, and the water injection pressure is reduced.
In one example, the injection-production relationship of the first type of horizontal well and the second type of horizontal well is switched every preset time interval.
Specifically, by periodically converting the injection-production relationship of the two types of horizontal wells, the development life of a target reservoir can be prolonged, and the comprehensive and effective treatment on the development of geothermal energy is realized.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A dry hot rock development method of a three-dimensional horizontal mining and injection well pattern is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the target layer of the dry hot rock to obtain a well group;
performing fracturing construction on the well group;
carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group after fracturing construction by adopting a multi-injection one-production development mode;
and after a preset time period of the well group development for carrying out geothermal energy development by adopting a multi-injection and multi-production development mode, carrying out geothermal energy development on the well group by adopting a one-injection and multi-production development mode.
2. The method for developing the hot dry rock according to the stereoscopic horizontal extraction and injection well pattern of the claim 1, wherein the stereoscopic well pattern distribution is performed on the hot dry rock target layer, and the obtaining of the well group comprises:
the well group comprises a plurality of individual wells;
each single well comprises a vertical well and a horizontal well communicated with the vertical well;
the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the y-axis direction is a transverse well spacing, and the distance between the projections of the horizontal wells of the two single wells in the z-axis direction is a vertical well spacing;
and determining the transverse well spacing and the vertical well spacing of the well group according to the reservoir conditions and the construction capacity.
3. The dry hot rock development method of the stereoscopic horizontal production and injection well pattern according to claim 2, wherein the transverse well spacing is greater than a fracture length of the fracturing construction design, and the vertical well spacing is greater than a half-fracture height of the fracturing construction design.
4. The dry hot rock development method of the stereoscopic horizontal production and injection well pattern according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of single wells are divided into a first type well and a second type well, the first type well is used as a center, the second type well is arranged at the periphery of the first type well, and cracks of the horizontal well of the first type well are not communicated with cracks of the horizontal well of the second type well.
5. The dry hot rock development method of the vertical horizontal mining and injection well pattern according to claim 4, wherein the development of geothermal energy by a multi-injection one-mining development mode for the well group after fracturing construction comprises:
injecting liquid carbon dioxide into the horizontal well of the second type of well;
injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type well after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected;
and after injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well, collecting water from the horizontal well of the first type of well.
6. The method for developing the dry hot rock of the stereoscopic horizontal mining and injection well pattern according to claim 5, wherein the step of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well after the liquid carbon dioxide is injected comprises the following steps:
in a first preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is less than a first preset speed;
and in a second preset time period, the speed of injecting water into the horizontal well of the second type of well is higher than the first preset speed and lower than the second preset speed.
7. The method for developing the hot dry rock of the stereoscopic horizontal mining and injection well pattern according to claim 6, wherein after the water is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well, the water is mined from the horizontal well of the first type of well comprises:
after water is injected into the horizontal well of the second type of well, the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well is communicated with the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well, the injected water exchanges heat between the crack of the horizontal well of the second type of well and the crack of the horizontal well of the first type of well, and the horizontal well of the first type of well collects the water after heat exchange.
8. The method for developing dry hot rock of a vertical horizontal mining and injection well pattern according to claim 4, wherein the developing geothermal energy by a one-injection and multiple-mining development mode for the well group comprises:
injecting water into the horizontal well of the first type of well;
and after water is injected into the horizontal well of the first type of well, water is collected from the horizontal well of the second type of well.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the fracturing the well group comprises:
fracturing the well block using a zip-tie fracturing sequence.
10. A three-dimensional horizontal production and injection well pattern hot dry rock development system is characterized by comprising:
the well arrangement device is used for carrying out three-dimensional well pattern well arrangement on the target layer of the dry hot rock to obtain a well group;
the fracturing construction device is used for carrying out fracturing construction on the well group;
the first geothermal energy development device is used for developing geothermal energy for the well group after fracturing construction in a multi-injection and one-production development mode;
and the second geothermal energy development device is used for developing geothermal energy by adopting a one-injection multi-production development mode for the well group after the well group which is developed by adopting the multi-development mode for geothermal energy is developed for a preset time period.
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