CN101629485B - Exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well - Google Patents
Exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an exploitation method of a communication well of a geothermal energy bore well. At least one general vertical well of the bore wells is used as the target well having the appointed well depth, and a technical sleeve is installed to fix the well; the other oriental horizontally butted well is bored at a certain distance, and the oriental horizontally butted well sequentially comprises a vertical section, an incline section and a horizontal section, wherein the horizontal section is butted and communicated with the bottom of each of the target wells, or the horizontal section is butted and communicated with the bottom of each of the target wells by compression fracture technique when reaching the target area at the bottom of the target well. The bottom of the target well is expanded by a way of bit hole-expansion or well bottom explosion; preferably the diameter of the target well is larger than 200 mm. The invention ensures that two (or more) holes (wells) are communicated, and water is injected into one (or more) well, the water at normal temperature performs the heat exchange with the geothermal resource underground through a drilling passage, and then the other well(s) can produce high-temperature hot water. The invention has the advantages that the exploitation method is not influenced by the landform and the slotted rock stratum.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground heat energy exploitation development field, be applicable to have or not the geothermal field of hot-water type or ground die mould, be specially adapted to the development and use of xeothermic geothermal source.
Background technology
Recovery of subterranean hot dry rock resource, have or not Geothermal Resource all can carry out the exploitation of the underground heat energy, energy efficient greatly, reduce the traditional energies such as coal, oil and create the wealth the while also to the environment drawback to the mankind, and reduce to greatest extent the impact on surface settlement and underground water simultaneously in the exploitation of geothermal field.
People mainly are generatings to the development and use of underground hot dry rock at present.The scientific and technological developed countries such as the U.S., France, Germany, Japan, Italy and Britain have grasped basic principle and the fundamental technics of hot dry rock generating.Its basic principle is by deep-well water under high pressure to be injected underground 2000～6000 meters rock stratum, makes it penetrate into the slit of rock stratum and absorbs geothermal energy; By another special-purpose deep-well (at a distance of approximately about 200～600 meters) high temperature water in the rock fracture, stripping are got ground again; The water, the stripping temperature that take out can reach 150～200 ℃, are used for generating by interchange of heat and ground circulating device; Cooled water again injects earth tube heat exchanger by high-pressure pump and recycles.Whole process all is to carry out in the system of a sealing.
The key technology of adopting heat is to form heat-exchange system in impervious dry-heat rock body.Its pattern mainly contains three kinds.A kind of is " artificial high pressure crack pattern ", namely arrives the shaft bottom by artificial high pressure water injection, and xeothermic rock is subjected to water-cooled contracting effect to form a lot of cracks, and water passes between these cracks, can finish the water circulation system heat exchanging process that inlet well and wet well form.The second pattern is " natural crack pattern ", namely utilizes more fully underground existing Fracture Networks.Although existing crack has stoped the growth in artificial high pressure water injection crack on the one hand, when artificial recharge, original crack can broaden or misplace larger, has strengthened the water permeability between the crack but then.Under this pattern, the water yield that can carry out interchange of heat is larger, and exchange heat is more abundant.The third is " natural crack-fault pattern ".This pattern is except utilizing underground natural crack, but also utilizes natural tomographic systems, and the two stack is so that the permeability of heat-exchange system is better.The sharpest edges of this pattern also are maximum challenges, namely need not connect inlet well and wet well by the mode in artificial high pressure crack, but connect fissure system between inlet well and wet well by the tomography that has existed.
Connection between above-mentioned three kinds of pattern inlet wells and the producing well relies on artificial crack or natural crack.And the distribution situation in crack is very complicated, how accurately to obtain the distribution situation of deep under ground fissure system, thereby selects suitable operating condition, affects the development of this technology always.Because the impact that distributed by underground crack also may cause the permeable loss of injected water, affects the utilization rate of water.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part, a kind of boring method that directly passes through is provided, two (or many) holes (well) group is communicated with, to a well (or many wells) water filling, through drilling channel, normal-temperature water underground by carrying out interchange of heat with the underground heat resource, another well (or many wells) but output high-temperature-hot-water just.Have advantages of and be not subjected to topography and geomorphology and rock stratum to have or not the crack.
A technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well, the drilling well at least conventional straight well of a bite arrive the well depth of stipulating as the target well, and lower intermediate casing cementing; Locating in a distance to bore the horizontal butt shaft of another mouthful orientation again, directed horizontal butt shaft comprises vertical section, inclination section and horizontal segment successively, and described horizontal segment and each target bottom are docked and connected.
Another technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well, the drilling well at least conventional straight well of a bite arrive the well depth of stipulating as the target well, and lower intermediate casing cementing; Locating in a distance to bore another mouthful horizontal orientation well again, the horizontal orientation well comprises vertical section, inclination section and horizontal segment successively, adopts fracturing technique and each target bottom to be docked and connected when described horizontal segment arrives target area, target well shaft bottom.
Preferably adopt the drill bit reaming to carry out the shaft bottom in the target shaft bottom and expand the chamber.
Preferably adopt the shaft bottom explosion to carry out the shaft bottom in the target shaft bottom and expand the chamber.
The selected objective target hole diameter is greater than 200mm, so that directly drilling well is communicated with.
Preferably in the target well, be lowered to a measuring apparatus, dock with the target well in the construction at the horizontal orientation well, provide measuring-signal to the horizontal orientation well, be docked and connected to guarantee two wells.
The invention provides a kind of boring method that directly passes through, two (or many) holes (well) group is communicated with, to a well (or many wells) water filling, through drilling channel, normal-temperature water underground by carrying out interchange of heat with the underground heat resource, another well (or many wells) but output high-temperature-hot-water just has advantages of the impact that is not subjected to topography and geomorphology and rock stratum.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is butt shaft exploitation underground heat schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is that shaft bottom reaming bit reaming type is communicated with
Fig. 3 is that shaft bottom blasting type reaming is communicated with
Fig. 4 is the direct dock of heavy caliber (hole diameter＞200mm)
Fig. 5 is that fracturing unit truck pressure break formula is communicated with
Fig. 6 is one embodiment of the invention schematic diagram
Among the figure: 1. normal-temperature water, 2. directed horizontal butt shaft, 3. high temperature water, 4. target well, 5. reaming bit, 6. shaft bottom explosion reaming, 7, the drill bit of diameter＞200mm, 8. fracturing unit truck, 9. crack, stratum, 10. fracturing unit truck hydraulic fracturing, A. directional inclination starting point, B. directional inclination terminal point, C. measuring-signal, D. measuring apparatus, R. deflecting radius, L. horizontal section length, the directed horizontal deflecting well of S. and target well ground two well well spacings.
The specific embodiment:
Carry out the condition of interchange of heat and the target leaving water temperature that will reach according to the underground heat rock, drilling well one conventional straight well arrives certain well depth as target well 4, and lower intermediate casing cementing; For more reasonably implementing the connected well technology, by the hot dry rock interchange of heat injected water is heated, again in a distance (＞300m) locate to bore the horizontal butt shaft of another mouthful orientation 2 to be docked and connected with target well 4, directed horizontal butt shaft 2 comprises vertical section, inclination section and horizontal segment successively, and described horizontal segment and target well 4 bottoms are docked and connected.For two wells are communicated with better, but Adopts measure one is 4 to expand chambeies in the target shaft bottom, expands the chamber and can adopt drill bit reaming (Fig. 2) or shaft bottom explosion (Fig. 3); The 2nd, make target well 4 hole diameters＞200mm (Fig. 4); The 3rd, when arriving target area, target well 4 shaft bottom, adopts directional horizontal wells 2 conventional fracturing technique (Fig. 5).When having Geothermal Resource, if the conditions permit exploitation, to the horizontal segment starting point, a water injection well supplementary water injection amount is partly utilized the underground heat rock to carry out interchange of heat water filling is heated under the directional horizontal wells pipe; As not allowing to exploit existing Geothermal Resource; can with under the directional horizontal wells pipe to (mainly protecting Geothermal Resource with target well docking area＜100m place; only utilize the net horizontal section hot dry rock that injected water is heated), mainly utilize the underground heat rock to carry out interchange of heat water filling is heated.If there is not Geothermal Resource, the directional horizontal wells pipe both can descend the horizontal segment starting point also can descend and target well docking area＜100m place according to stratum characteristic, and water filling is heated and realized all carrying out interchange of heat by the underground heat rock.
The target well can have a plurality of.
Can select Vertical Well as the target well among the present invention, also can select directed horizontal butt shaft as the target well, also can select many wells as multi target well.
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 6, according to technical scheme of the present invention, exploring clear or understanding in the local geothermal gradient situation, according to the wet well temperature that will reach, by the interchange of heat analysis, creep into a target well 4 conventional straight wells (or horizontal well), reach formation at target locations, the setting of casing well cementation; Creep into again directed horizontal butt shaft 2, and according to center, target area and the leaving water temperature requirement of target well 4, according to known method, calculate directed horizontal butt shaft 2 and target well 4 ground two well well spacing S, carry out again directed horizontal butt shaft design, determine directed horizontal butt shaft directional inclination radius R, calculate directed horizontal butt shaft deflecting starting point A, deflecting terminal point B, horizontal segment length L.Be docked and connected for ease of two wells, the present embodiment is to be lowered to a measuring apparatus C in the target well, docks with target well 4 in the construction at the horizontal butt shaft 2 of orientation, and directed horizontal butt shaft provides measuring-signal D, guarantees that two wells are docked and connected.Inject normal-temperature water 1 to a well (or many wells) again, another well (or many wells) goes out high temperature water 3.
The present invention has mainly solved without the GEOTHERMAL WATER resource can't utilize the deep geothermal heat source, has following major advantage: only utilize the interchange of heat of underground heat rock just can heat to water filling, can be used for city, rural area geothermal heating in winter, factory and reduce discharging energy-conservation, geothermal power generation, underground heat exploitation, be sparing in the use of coal, environmental contamination reduction is conducive to the development and use of the environment-friendly type energy widely.
Claims (10)
1. an exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) be drilled into the well depth that the conventional straight well of few a bite arrives regulation, this straight well is as the target well, and lower intermediate casing cementing; Locating in a distance to bore the horizontal butt shaft of another mouthful orientation again, directed horizontal butt shaft comprises vertical section, inclination section and horizontal segment successively, and described horizontal segment and each target bottom are docked and connected;
(2) inject normal-temperature water at least one well, extract high temperature water out from another well at least.
2. exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well according to claim 1 is characterized in that adopting the drill bit reaming to carry out the shaft bottom in the target shaft bottom expands the chamber.
3. exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well according to claim 1 is characterized in that adopting the shaft bottom explosion to carry out the shaft bottom in the target shaft bottom expands the chamber.
4. exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well according to claim 1 is characterized in that the target hole diameter is greater than 200mm.
5. the described exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well of each according to claim 1-4, it is characterized in that in the target well, being lowered to a measuring apparatus, dock with the target well in the construction at the horizontal orientation well, provide measuring-signal to the horizontal orientation well, be docked and connected to guarantee two wells.
6. an exploitation method of communication well of geothermal energy bore well is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) be drilled into the well depth that the conventional straight well of few a bite arrives regulation, this straight well is as the target well, and lower intermediate casing cementing; Locating in a distance to bore another mouthful horizontal orientation well again, the horizontal orientation well comprises vertical section, inclination section and horizontal segment successively, adopts fracturing technique and each target bottom to be docked and connected when described horizontal segment arrives target area, target well shaft bottom;
(2) inject normal-temperature water at least one well, extract high temperature water out from another well at least.
7. underground heat energy boring well connected well exploitation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that adopting the drill bit reaming to carry out the shaft bottom in the target shaft bottom expands the chamber.
8. underground heat energy boring well connected well exploitation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that adopting the shaft bottom explosion to carry out the shaft bottom in the target shaft bottom expands the chamber.
9. underground heat energy boring well connected well exploitation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that the target hole diameter is greater than 200mm.
10. the described underground heat energy of each according to claim 6-9 boring well connected well exploitation method, it is characterized in that in the target well, being lowered to a measuring apparatus, dock with the target well in the construction at the horizontal orientation well, provide measuring-signal to the horizontal orientation well, be docked and connected to guarantee two wells.
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