CN110318675A - A kind of Deep Coalbed Methane heat is total to mining method - Google Patents

A kind of Deep Coalbed Methane heat is total to mining method Download PDF

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CN110318675A
CN110318675A CN201910586554.7A CN201910586554A CN110318675A CN 110318675 A CN110318675 A CN 110318675A CN 201910586554 A CN201910586554 A CN 201910586554A CN 110318675 A CN110318675 A CN 110318675A
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well
deep
vertical drilling
layering
gas
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CN110318675B (en
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孙路路
程卫民
刘义鑫
王刚
宋维强
辛林
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/12Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
    • E21B43/121Lifting well fluids
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/20Displacing by water
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/16Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
    • E21B43/24Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons using heat, e.g. steam injection
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21FSAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F7/00Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Deep Coalbed Methane heat to be total to mining method, the first step, the first vertical drilling well of construction, and wellbore carries out hermetic seal and thermal insulation protection using thermal insulation casing;Second step, the construction that layering horizontal well is carried out according to coal seam thickness determine layering quantity K according to digital well logging degree M and gas drainage under suction radius R;Enable K=M/2R;Third step, the second vertical drilling well of construction;4th step, the circumferential dispersion hole of construction level well then carry out gas extraction for the first time;5th step carries out hydraulic fracturing to each drilling, forms three-dimensional fracture network, carries out the secondary extraction of gas;As water injection well, the second vertical drilling well injects water into deep fractures as steam well is gone out for 6th step, the first vertical drilling well, geothermal energy is transferred in vapor using the principle of heat transmitting, and to vapor methane drainage and utilization project.Gas drainage can be carried out to 1500-3000 meters of deep fractures and geothermal energy is exploited, improve underground heat extraction efficiency, energy-saving and emission-reduction, it is therefore prevented that the geologic Environment Problems such as water and soil pollution and thermal pollution.

Description

A kind of Deep Coalbed Methane heat is total to mining method
Technical field
The invention belongs to underground heat and coal-bed gas exploitation field, specifically propose a kind of side that Deep Coalbed Methane heat is exploited jointly Method.
Background technique
3000 meters of China amounts to about 55 tcms with shallow coal bed gas resource total amount, and 3000 meters of the whole nation is with shallow coal bed gas About 55 tcm of stock number, wherein coal seam buried depth 1500-3000 meters of Coal bed gas project accounts for 54.5%.Underground mine at present Exploitation and cbm development exploitation are mostly 1500 meters with shallow coal seam and coal bed gas, for the exploitation of Deep Coalbed Methane exist compared with Big technical difficulty.In addition crustal stress suffered by deep fractures is higher, and coal seam permeability is low, serious to restrict coal-bed gas exploitation efficiency.
Geothermal energy resources are a kind of green clean energy resourcies, and reserves are huge in the earth's crust.The whole world underground 5000m belowly Thermal resource amount is about 4,948,000,000,000,000 tons of standard coals, oneself becomes the new energy that exploitation is fallen over each other in countries in the world.China can Exploitation Depth 2 ~3km geothermal energy is about 140,000,000,000 tons of standard coals.
Exploitation and utilization of geotherm resources technology experienced the differentiation in two generations, and the first generation is basic to the production techniques of geothermal energy resources It is characterized in directly adopting, direct-furnish, a kind of in line that is, most traditional technical method.The utilization of the initial stage of Mining Geothermics is from mine Return air starts, and the higher hot-air of temperature will be led to the problem of by underground heat and introduces well head solution winter inlet air jelly well, saves people The energy consumption of the pre- hot air source of work;In the mine for having hot water to gush out, Chang Liyong Mining Geothermics water heats bathing and domestic water, or Using mine drainage as Cooling and Heat Source, underground thermal energy is conveyed to ground by Mine Drainage System, heat is established in surface plant and hands over Station is changed, the thermal energy of acquirement is used for building heating on wellhead anti-freezing and well.First generation technical method environmental protection level is very low, sustainable It is expansionary not strong.The second generation is to adopt filling to combine, do not have to water with heat, i.e. exploitation underground heat is exploited in the form of the hydro-thermal of underground, extracts heat It can carry out recharge again later.The defect of second-generation technology is that adopting the connectivity filled between well is not easy to determine, and recharge efficiency It is low, also can be different degrees of underground water is polluted, but compared to first generation direct emission, only adopt that not fill etc. that there are parts excellent Gesture.
Existing geothermal energy resources production technique is limited only to underground heat exploitation, there is not yet deep fractures coal bed gas and underground heat The correlation technique data adopted altogether, and drilling cost height is the big factors for restricting underground heat exploitation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of coal-bed gas exploitation of preservation in the deep fractures of 1500-3000 meters of ranges, geothermal energy The method of exploitation.
For this purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of Deep Coalbed Methane heat is total to mining method, the steps include:
The first step is constructed downwards the first vertical drilling well in mine coal field table, and the first vertical drilling well passes through on deep fractures Mining coal seam, wellbore carry out hermetic seal and thermal insulation protection using thermal insulation casing for rock stratum, superficial part;
After second step, the first vertical drilling well reach the most deep layering of deep fractures, according to coal seam thickness from top to bottom successively into The construction of each layering horizontal well of row uses arc transition, every layering horizontal well between the first vertical drilling well and each layering horizontal well Length, quantity by exploit coalfield range determines, be layered quantity K be determined by the following method:
(1) the true thickness M in coal seam is determined according to geologic information and practical drilling data;
(2) building power thermal coupling acts on lower coal body permeability evolution model and calculates deep in conjunction with Permeability Coefficent in Coal Seam λ Gas drainage under suction radius R under nature of coal seam desorption condition;
(3) layering quantity K is determined according to digital well logging degree M and gas drainage under suction radius R;
K=M/2R is enabled, as K<1, N takes 1, and as K>1, N takes the integer part of K;
Third step, the second vertical drilling well of construction, the second vertical drilling well and the equal vertical connection of each layering horizontal well;
4th step, circumferential dispersion hole of constructing on each layering horizontal well, followed by the first, second vertical drilling well progress watt This extraction for the first time;
5th step, in methane gas extraction pipeline place gas density, flow monitoring inductor, real-time monitoring gas density with Flow carries out hydraulic fracturing to each drilling, forms three-dimensional fracture network after concentration reaches the minimum of setting with flow, into The secondary extraction of row gas;
After 6th step, gas drainage, the first vertical drilling well is as water injection well, and the second vertical drilling well is as steam out Well injects water into deep fractures, and geothermal energy is transferred in vapor using the principle of heat transmitting, and to vapor extraction benefit With.
The high-temperature vapor for exploiting formation as a preferred embodiment of the above solution, reaches ground through the second vertical drilling well and is sent out Electricity.Since deep earth heart temperature is high, utility value is higher, and for generating electricity, Social benefit and economic benefit is more significant.
Further preferably, in each layering setting there are three horizontal well, three horizontal well equidistant interval settings are occupied In the vertical drilling well of horizontal well face first, second, the left and right ends of the horizontal well of two sides are vertical towards horizontal well placed in the middle respectively It is connected after bending, it is whole to be arranged in " day " font.Under the premise of ensuring that the hot extraction of gas is thorough, pass through every layer of water of optimization as far as possible The arrangement of horizontal well reduces drilling complexity, improves extraction efficiency.
Similarly, placed in the middle before and after the horizontal well of each layering is in deep fractures, center ofthe arrangement.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) the Deep Coalbed Methane heat is total to mining method, and the vertical drilling well of the first, second of construction can be 1500-3000 meters deep enough Buried depth coal seam, and circumferential dispersion hole of constructing on each layering horizontal well, increase coal body permeability by the construction of circumferential dispersion hole, Three-dimensional Thief zone coalmass crevasse network is formed, coal bed gas extracting result is greatly improved;
(2) first with the extraction for the first time of drilling well gas, when gas density reaches setting minimum, then waterpower pressure is carried out It splits, increases gas permeability of coal seam, form that permeability is higher, the stronger three-dimensional fracture network of connectivity, meanwhile, hydraulic fracturing also has Fill the water the effect of purging;The secondary extraction of coal bed gas is then carried out, resource exploitation rate is improved, avoids the waste of the energy;
(3) when gas drainage terminates again to send the surface water to deep high temperature coal seam using drilling well, the principle of heat transmitting is utilized Geothermal energy is transferred to water and make water vapor and so that water vapor is become water and steam mixture (specific form of water is by deep coal Layer ground temperature determines), then directly comprehensively utilized using the second directional well extraction to ground;The Deep Coalbed Methane heat is total to mining method The exploitation that geothermal energy resources are directly carried out using the drilling well and drilling of extraction coal bed gas is improved drilling well drilling utilization rate, had bright Aobvious technical advance and high efficiency feature has actual applying value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of invention.
Fig. 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is that the coal seam thickness of deep fractures is 5 meters, and the signal of 1 layer of horizontal well is arranged when drainage radius is 3 meters.
Fig. 4 is that the coal seam thickness of deep fractures is 10 meters, and the signal of 1 layer of horizontal well is arranged when drainage radius is 3 meters.
Fig. 5 is that the coal seam thickness of deep fractures is 15 meters, and the signal of 2 layers of horizontal well is arranged when drainage radius is 3 meters.
Fig. 6 is the horizontal well of the circumferential dispersion hole of construction.
Specific embodiment
By way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, a kind of Deep Coalbed Methane heat is total to mining method, suitable for 3000 meters of deep fractures below Gas drainage, geothermal energy exploitation, mainly comprise the steps that
The first step is constructed downwards the first vertical drilling well 1 in mine coal field table, and the first vertical drilling well 1 passes through deep fractures Mining coal seam, wellbore carry out hermetic seal and thermal insulation protection using thermal insulation casing 2 for overlying rock, superficial part;Thermal insulation casing 2 is guaranteeing well While eye good air-tightness, lower heat exchange is kept with the external world, reduces thermal loss.
After second step, the first vertical drilling well 1 reach the most deep layering of deep fractures 3, further according to coal seam thickness from top to bottom according to The secondary construction for carrying out each layering horizontal well 4, uses arc transition between the first vertical drilling well 1 and each layering horizontal well 4.Every layering Length, the quantity of horizontal well are determined by exploiting coalfield range.
Preferably, as shown in Fig. 2, three 4 equidistant intervals of horizontal well are arranged in each layering setting there are three horizontal well 4, 4 the first vertical drilling well 1 of face of horizontal well placed in the middle, the second vertical drilling well 5, the left and right ends of the horizontal well 4 of two sides are respectively towards residence In the vertical bending of horizontal well 4 after be connected, it is whole to be arranged in " day " font.Under the premise of ensuring that the hot extraction of gas is thorough, to the greatest extent may be used Drilling complexity can be reduced, extraction efficiency is improved by the arrangement of every layer of horizontal well of optimization.In addition, the horizontal well 4 of each layering Preferably front and back is placed in the middle in deep fractures, center ofthe arrangement.Layering quantity K is determined by the following method:
(1) the true thickness M in coal seam is determined according to geologic information and practical drilling data;
(2) building power thermal coupling acts on lower coal body permeability evolution model and calculates deep in conjunction with Permeability Coefficent in Coal Seam λ Gas drainage under suction radius R under nature of coal seam desorption condition;
(3) layering quantity K is determined according to digital well logging degree M and gas drainage under suction radius R;
K=M/2R is enabled, as K<1, N takes 1, and as K>1, N takes the integer part of K.
Such as: as shown in figure 3, when drainage radius is 3 meters, K=0.83, N is taken when the coal seam thickness of deep fractures 3 is 5 meters 1, i.e., one layer of horizontal well 4 is arranged in coal seam.
As shown in figure 4, when drainage radius is 3 meters, K=1.67, N still takes 1 when the coal seam thickness of deep fractures 3 is 10 meters, One layer of horizontal well 4 is arranged i.e. in coal seam, can not be carried out again after the gas hydraulic fracturing measure to be taken of extraction under natural conditions Extraction;
As shown in figure 5, when drainage radius is 3 meters, K=2.5, N take 2, i.e., when the coal seam thickness of deep fractures 3 is 15 meters Two layers of horizontal well 4 is arranged in coal seam.
The quantity of every layering horizontal well 4 determines that, when production zone range is larger, every layer can set according to production zone range Multiple horizontal wells 4 are set, each horizontal well 4 of same layer is respectively communicated with the first vertical drilling well 1, as shown in Fig. 2, being provided at one layer Three horizontal wells 4 are provided with three levels well according to the coal seam thickness of deep fractures.
Third step, the second vertical drilling well 5 of construction, the second vertical drilling well 5 and the equal vertical connection of each layering horizontal well 4, second Once drilling is completed for vertical drilling well 5.
4th step, circumferential dispersion hole 6 (as shown in Figure 6) of constructing on each layering horizontal well 4, increase coal body permeability, with Gas extraction for the first time is carried out using the first vertical drilling well 4, the second vertical drilling well 5 afterwards.
5th step, in methane gas extraction pipeline place gas density, flow monitoring inductor, real-time monitoring gas density with Flow, after concentration reaches the minimum of setting with flow, gas drainage efficiency is remarkably decreased, and is carrying out waterpower pressure to each drilling It splits, forms three-dimensional fracture network, carry out the secondary extraction of gas.
After 6th step, gas drainage, the first vertical drilling well 1 is used as water injection well, and the second vertical drilling well 5 is as steam out Well injects water into deep fractures, and geothermal energy is transferred in vapor using the principle of heat transmitting, and to vapor extraction benefit With.
Exploiting the high-temperature vapor formed can directly utilize through the second vertical drilling well arrival ground, or generate electricity.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of Deep Coalbed Methane heat is total to mining method, which comprises the following steps:
The first step is constructed downwards the first vertical drilling well in mine coal field table, and the first vertical drilling well passes through overlying strata on deep fractures Mining coal seam, wellbore carry out hermetic seal and thermal insulation protection using thermal insulation casing for layer, superficial part;
After second step, the first vertical drilling well reach the most deep layering of deep fractures, successively carried out from top to bottom according to coal seam thickness each It is layered the construction of horizontal well, arc transition, the length of every layering horizontal well are used between the first vertical drilling well and each layering horizontal well Degree, quantity determine that layering quantity K is determined by the following method by exploiting coalfield range:
(1) the true thickness M in coal seam is determined according to geologic information and practical drilling data;
(2) building power thermal coupling acts on lower coal body permeability evolution model and calculates deep fractures in conjunction with Permeability Coefficent in Coal Seam λ Gas drainage under suction radius R under natural desorption condition;
(3) layering quantity K is determined according to digital well logging degree M and gas drainage under suction radius R;
K=M/2R is enabled, as K<1, N takes 1, and as K>1, N takes the integer part of K;
Third step, the second vertical drilling well of construction, the second vertical drilling well and the equal vertical connection of each layering horizontal well;
It is first to carry out gas followed by the first, second vertical drilling well for 4th step, circumferential dispersion hole of constructing on each layering horizontal well Secondary extraction;
5th step places gas density, flow monitoring inductor, real-time monitoring gas density and stream in methane gas extraction pipeline Amount carries out hydraulic fracturing to each drilling, forms three-dimensional fracture network, carry out after concentration reaches the minimum of setting with flow The secondary extraction of gas;
After 6th step, gas drainage, the first vertical drilling well, will as steam well is gone out as water injection well, the second vertical drilling well Water injects deep fractures, geothermal energy is transferred in vapor using the principle of heat transmitting, and to vapor methane drainage and utilization project.
2. Deep Coalbed Methane heat described in accordance with the claim 1 is total to mining method, it is characterised in that: exploit the high-temperature vapor of formation Ground is reached through the second vertical drilling well to generate electricity.
3. Deep Coalbed Methane heat according to claim 1 or 2 is total to mining method, it is characterised in that: set in each layering It sets there are three horizontal well, three horizontal well equidistant intervals are arranged, the vertical drilling well of horizontal well face first, second placed in the middle, two sides The left and right ends of horizontal well be connected respectively towards after the vertical bending of horizontal well placed in the middle, it is whole to be arranged in " day " font.
4. Deep Coalbed Methane heat according to claim 1 or 2 is total to mining method, it is characterised in that: the water of each layering Horizontal well front and back in deep fractures is placed in the middle, center ofthe is arranged.
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CN111005754A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-14 中国矿业大学 Multi-stage gas fluidized extraction method for multi-layered coal body
CN111155979A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-15 山东科技大学 Method for building artificial hot dry rock heat storage by cooperation of hydraulic fracturing and millisecond differential blasting
CN111911159A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-11-10 山东科技大学 Deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method
CN111911224A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-11-10 山东科技大学 Hot gas co-mining method for deep coal seam roof drilling coal
CN111931264A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-11-13 中国矿业大学 Deep mine hydrothermal geothermal energy and coal bed collaborative mining working face design method
CN113236189A (en) * 2021-05-21 2021-08-10 中国地质科学院勘探技术研究所 Efficient lossless heat-taking geothermal exploitation system and method
CN113236219A (en) * 2021-05-31 2021-08-10 重庆地质矿产研究院 Coal bed gas fracturing method suitable for multiple sets of high and steep crushed coal beds
CN113404480A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-09-17 东北大学 Co-mining method for geothermal energy and mineral resources
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CN113738317A (en) * 2021-10-14 2021-12-03 中国矿业大学 Method for combined exploitation of deep coal bed gas and dry hot rock type geothermal
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CN111005754B (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-10-13 中国矿业大学 Multi-stage gas fluidized extraction method for multi-layered coal body
CN111005754A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-04-14 中国矿业大学 Multi-stage gas fluidized extraction method for multi-layered coal body
CN111155979A (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-05-15 山东科技大学 Method for building artificial hot dry rock heat storage by cooperation of hydraulic fracturing and millisecond differential blasting
CN111155979B (en) * 2019-12-31 2020-11-03 山东科技大学 Method for building artificial hot dry rock heat storage by cooperation of hydraulic fracturing and millisecond differential blasting
CN111931264A (en) * 2020-06-11 2020-11-13 中国矿业大学 Deep mine hydrothermal geothermal energy and coal bed collaborative mining working face design method
CN111931264B (en) * 2020-06-11 2023-10-20 中国矿业大学 Design method for deep mine water heating type geothermal energy and coal seam collaborative mining working face
CN111911159B (en) * 2020-09-04 2022-01-11 山东科技大学 Deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method
CN111911224A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-11-10 山东科技大学 Hot gas co-mining method for deep coal seam roof drilling coal
CN111911159A (en) * 2020-09-04 2020-11-10 山东科技大学 Deep coal seam mining goaf filling geothermal mining method
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CN113404480A (en) * 2021-05-20 2021-09-17 东北大学 Co-mining method for geothermal energy and mineral resources
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